CN105860023A - 一种轻质弹性阻火模块及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种轻质弹性阻火模块及其制备方法,属于防火封堵技术领域。包括下列重量份的原料:阻燃聚醚多元醇150~180份,液态阻燃剂25~35份,聚氨酯催化剂1~2份,膨胀石墨25~35份,粉体阻燃剂70~105份,发泡剂1~4份,成模助剂3~9份;二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯或异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯中的一种,70~80份。有益效果是:通过添加膨胀石墨使成品在高温遇火时表面膨胀形成碳层起到封堵阻隔火焰、烟气蔓延的目的。内附玻纤网格布可防止火烧后碳化物掉落坍塌,提高模块的机械强度。添加成模助剂使成品兼具软质聚氨酯泡沫的可回弹性,回弹率30~40%,挤压后易填充不规则孔洞,随意切割可塑性强,可适应多种特殊工况要求。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及防火封堵技术领域,尤其是涉及一种轻质弹性阻火模块。
背景技术
目前国内防火封堵产品主要包括柔性有机堵料、无机填料、阻火包带、硬质阻火模块、防火封堵板材和泡沫封堵材料等。其应用领域主要包括建筑、电力、轨道交通等工程中孔洞、缝隙、桥架、电缆贯穿的封堵填充。在功能上不仅有填充缝隙作用,而且能阻隔火灾时火焰、烟气蔓延扩散,保护生命财产安全。
但是传统的柔性堵料、阻火包带等产品不能有效的阻隔火焰、烟气,且机械强度较低。硬质阻火模块、封堵板材等产品,可满足阻火要求,但因其材质较硬密度较大(0.8~1.5 kg/m3),即对孔洞建筑增加承载负荷,又无法根据实际工况有效切割,造成使用的局限性。
发明内容
本发明提供一种轻质弹性阻火模块及其制备方法,以满足建筑、电力、轨道交通等领域的防火封堵需求。
本发明采取的技术方案是:包括下列重量份的原料:
A组份:阻燃聚醚多元醇150~180份,液态阻燃剂25~35份,聚氨酯催化剂1~2份,膨胀石墨25~35份,粉体阻燃剂70~105份,发泡剂1~4份,成模助剂3~9份;
B组份:二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯或异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯中的一种,70~80份。
本发明所述的阻燃聚醚多元醇为分子量500~1000的聚醚二元醇或分子量500~1000聚醚三元醇中的一种。
本发明所述的液态阻燃剂为叔丁基化芳基磷酸酯。聚氨酯催化剂为三乙烯二胺或双(十二烷基硫基)二辛基锡烷中的一种。
本发明所述膨胀石墨为膨胀倍率大于250 ml/g的80目可膨胀石墨。
本发明所述粉体阻燃剂为:三聚氰胺、聚磷酸铵、双季戊四醇、氢氧化铝、硼酸锌、氧化铁红、氧化铁黄等比例混合物。
本发明所述发泡剂为去离子水。
本发明所述成模助剂为高回弹硅油、回弹开孔剂、N-甲基吗(啡)啉等比例混合物。
一种轻质弹性阻火模块的制备方法:
将阻燃聚醚多元醇150~180份,液态阻燃剂25~35份,聚氨酯催化剂1~2份,膨胀石墨25~35份,粉体阻燃剂70~105份,发泡剂1~4份和成模助剂3~9份加入拉缸搅拌混合30~40分钟制得A组份;
将A组份与B组份,经浇注机混合均匀后注入成型模具,恒定模具温度40~50
℃熟化1~2 h固化成型,脱模得到轻质弹性阻火模块成品。
本发明所述成型模具的内壁喷涂氯化石蜡,内部底面铺放一张同模具尺寸大小的玻纤网格布。
本发明的有益效果为:通过添加膨胀石墨使成品在高温遇火时表面膨胀形成碳层起到封堵阻隔火焰、烟气蔓延的目的。以去离子水为发泡剂,可使混合组份发泡固化成型质量减轻,表观密度0.30~0.35
kg/m3仅为硬质阻火模块质量的三分之一,在孔洞、桥架、电缆贯穿等封堵结构中可减少建筑承载负荷。内附玻纤网格布可防止火烧后碳化物掉落坍塌,提高模块的机械强度。添加成模助剂使成品兼具软质聚氨酯泡沫的可回弹性(回弹率30~40
%),挤压后易填充不规则孔洞,随意切割可塑性强,可适应多种特殊工况要求。本发明所述的成品理化、燃烧性能为表观密度0.30~0.35
kg/m3,回弹率30~40
%,膨胀性能≥200
%,耐水性≥3d,耐油性≥3d,耐碱性≥3d,耐酸性≥3d,耐冻融循环≥15次,极限氧指数35~40,耐火极限≥3h。符合GB 23864-2009《防火封堵材料》规定标准,通过国家公安部消防产品合格评定中心(CCCF)认证。
具体实施方式
实施例1
A组份制备:将分子量500的聚醚二元醇150重量份,叔丁基化芳基磷酸酯25重量份,三乙烯二胺1重量份,膨胀倍率大于250 ml/g的80目可膨胀石墨25重量份,三聚氰胺10重量份、聚磷酸铵10重量份、双季戊四醇10重量份、氢氧化铝10重量份、硼酸锌10重量份、氧化铁红10重量份、氧化铁黄10重量份,去离子水1重量份,高回弹硅油1重量份、回弹开孔剂1重量份、N-甲基吗(啡)啉1重量份,按配方量加入拉缸搅拌混合30
min得到A组份;
将制备的A组份275重量份与B组份二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯70重量份加入浇注机,混合均匀后注入已经喷涂过氯化石蜡且内底面铺放一张同模尺寸大小的玻纤网格布的成型模具,恒定模具温度40 ℃熟化1 h固化成型,脱模得到轻质弹性阻火模块成品。
膨胀石墨作用使成品在高温遇火时膨胀表面形成碳层起到封堵阻隔火焰、烟气蔓延的目的。
成品理化、燃烧性能:
表观密度0.30 kg/m3,回弹率30 %,膨胀性能200 %,耐水性≥3d,耐油性≥3d,耐碱性≥3d,耐酸性≥3d,耐冻融循环≥15次,极限氧指数35,耐火极限≥3h。符合GB 23864-2009《防火封堵材料》规定标准,通过国家公安部消防产品合格评定中心(CCCF)认证。
实施例2
A组份制备:将分子量500的聚醚二元醇180重量份,叔丁基化芳基磷酸酯35重量份,三乙烯二胺2重量份,膨胀倍率大于250 ml/g的80目可膨胀石墨35重量份,三聚氰胺15重量份、聚磷酸铵15重量份、双季戊四醇15重量份、氢氧化铝15重量份、硼酸锌15重量份、氧化铁红15重量份、氧化铁黄15重量份,去离子水4重量份,高回弹硅油3重量份、回弹开孔剂3重量份、N-甲基吗(啡)啉3重量份,按配方量加入拉缸搅拌混合40
min得到A组份;
将制备的A组份370重量份与B组份二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯80重量份加入浇注机,混合均匀后注入已经喷涂过氯化石蜡且内底面铺放一张同模尺寸大小的玻纤网格布的成型模具,恒定模具温度50 ℃熟化2 h固化成型,脱模得到轻质弹性阻火模块成品。
成品理化、燃烧性能:
表观密度0.35 kg/m3,回弹率40 %,膨胀性能250 %,耐水性≥3d,耐油性≥3d,耐碱性≥3d,耐酸性≥3d,耐冻融循环≥15次,极限氧指数40,耐火极限≥3h。符合GB 23864-2009《防火封堵材料》规定标准,通过国家公安部消防产品合格评定中心(CCCF)认证。
实施例3
A组份制备:将分子量500的聚醚二元醇165重量份,叔丁基化芳基磷酸酯30重量份,三乙烯二胺1.5重量份,膨胀倍率大于250 ml/g的80目可膨胀石墨30重量份,三聚氰胺12.5重量份、聚磷酸铵12.5重量份、双季戊四醇12.5重量份、氢氧化铝12.5重量份、硼酸锌12.5重量份、氧化铁红12.5重量份、氧化铁黄12.5重量份,去离子水2.5重量份,高回弹硅油2重量份、回弹开孔剂2重量份、N-甲基吗(啡)啉2重量份,按配方量加入拉缸搅拌混合35
min得到A组份。
将制备的A组份322.5重量份与B组份二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯75重量份加入浇注机,混合均匀后注入已经喷涂过氯化石蜡且内底面铺放一张同模尺寸大小的玻纤网格布的成型模具,恒定模具温度45 ℃熟化1.5 h固化成型,脱模得到轻质弹性阻火模块成品。
成品理化、燃烧性能:
表观密度0.32 kg/m3,回弹率35 %,膨胀性能220 %,耐水性≥3d,耐油性≥3d,耐碱性≥3d,耐酸性≥3d,耐冻融循环≥15次,极限氧指数36,耐火极限≥3h。符合GB 23864-2009《防火封堵材料》规定标准,通过国家公安部消防产品合格评定中心(CCCF)认证。
实施例4
A组份制备:将分子量1000的聚醚二元醇150重量份,叔丁基化芳基磷酸酯25重量份,三乙烯二胺1重量份,膨胀倍率大于250 ml/g的80目可膨胀石墨25重量份,三聚氰胺10重量份、聚磷酸铵10重量份、双季戊四醇10重量份、氢氧化铝10重量份、硼酸锌10重量份、氧化铁红10重量份、氧化铁黄10重量份,去离子水1重量份,高回弹硅油1重量份、回弹开孔剂1重量份、N-甲基吗(啡)啉1重量份,按配方量加入拉缸搅拌混合30
min得到A组份。
将制备的A组份275重量份与B组份二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯70重量份加入浇注机,混合均匀后注入已经喷涂过氯化石蜡且内底面铺放一张同模尺寸大小的玻纤网格布的成型模具,恒定模具温度40 ℃熟化1 h固化成型,脱模得到轻质弹性阻火模块成品。
成品理化、燃烧性能:
表观密度0.30 kg/m3,回弹率30 %,膨胀性能200 %,耐水性≥3d,耐油性≥3d,耐碱性≥3d,耐酸性≥3d,耐冻融循环≥15次,极限氧指数35,耐火极限≥3h。符合GB 23864-2009《防火封堵材料》规定标准,通过国家公安部消防产品合格评定中心(CCCF)认证。
实施例5
A组份制备:将分子量500的聚醚三元醇150重量份,叔丁基化芳基磷酸酯25重量份,三乙烯二胺1重量份,膨胀倍率大于250 ml/g的80目可膨胀石墨25重量份,三聚氰胺10重量份、聚磷酸铵10重量份、双季戊四醇10重量份、氢氧化铝10重量份、硼酸锌10重量份、氧化铁红10重量份、氧化铁黄10重量份,去离子水1重量份,高回弹硅油1重量份、回弹开孔剂1重量份、N-甲基吗(啡)啉1重量份,按配方量加入拉缸搅拌混合30
min得到A组份。
将制备的A组份275重量份与B组份二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯70重量份加入浇注机,混合均匀后注入已经喷涂过氯化石蜡且内底面铺放一张同模尺寸大小的玻纤网格布的成型模具,恒定模具温度40 ℃熟化1 h固化成型,脱模得到轻质弹性阻火模块成品。
成品理化、燃烧性能:
表观密度0.31 kg/m3,回弹率32 %,膨胀性能210 %,耐水性≥3d,耐油性≥3d,耐碱性≥3d,耐酸性≥3d,耐冻融循环≥15次,极限氧指数37,耐火极限≥3h。符合GB 23864-2009《防火封堵材料》规定标准,通过国家公安部消防产品合格评定中心(CCCF)认证。
实施例6
A组份制备:将分子量500的聚醚二元醇150重量份,叔丁基化芳基磷酸酯25重量份,双(十二烷基硫基)二辛基锡烷1重量份,膨胀倍率大于250 ml/g的80目可膨胀石墨25重量份,三聚氰胺10重量份、聚磷酸铵10重量份、双季戊四醇10重量份、氢氧化铝10重量份、硼酸锌10重量份、氧化铁红10重量份、氧化铁黄10重量份,去离子水1重量份,高回弹硅油1重量份、回弹开孔剂1重量份、N-甲基吗(啡)啉1重量份,按配方量加入拉缸搅拌混合30
min得到A组份。
将制备的A组份275重量份与B组份二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯70重量份加入浇注机,混合均匀后注入已经喷涂过氯化石蜡且内底面铺放一张同模尺寸大小的玻纤网格布的成型模具,恒定模具温度40 ℃熟化1 h固化成型,脱模得到轻质弹性阻火模块成品。
成品理化、燃烧性能:
表观密度0.30 kg/m3,回弹率30 %,膨胀性能200 %,耐水性≥3d,耐油性≥3d,耐碱性≥3d,耐酸性≥3d,耐冻融循环≥15次,极限氧指数35,耐火极限≥3h。符合GB 23864-2009《防火封堵材料》规定标准,通过国家公安部消防产品合格评定中心(CCCF)认证。
实施例7
A组份制备:将分子量500的聚醚二元醇150重量份,叔丁基化芳基磷酸酯25重量份,三乙烯二胺1重量份,膨胀倍率大于250 ml/g的80目可膨胀石墨25重量份,三聚氰胺10重量份、聚磷酸铵10重量份、双季戊四醇10重量份、氢氧化铝10重量份、硼酸锌10重量份、氧化铁红10重量份、氧化铁黄10重量份,去离子水1重量份,高回弹硅油1重量份、开回弹孔剂1重量份、N-甲基吗(啡)啉1重量份,按配方量加入拉缸搅拌混合30
min得到A组份。
将制备的A组份275重量份与B组份异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯70重量份加入浇注机,混合均匀后注入已经喷涂过氯化石蜡且内底面铺放一张同模尺寸大小的玻纤网格布的成型模具,恒定模具温度40 ℃熟化1 h固化成型,脱模得到轻质弹性阻火模块成品。
成品理化、燃烧性能:
表观密度0.31 kg/m3,回弹率31 %,膨胀性能210 %,耐水性≥3d,耐油性≥3d,耐碱性≥3d,耐酸性≥3d,耐冻融循环≥15次,极限氧指数38,耐火极限≥3h。符合GB 23864-2009《防火封堵材料》规定标准,通过国家公安部消防产品合格评定中心(CCCF)认证。
实施例8
A组份制备:将分子量1000的聚醚三元醇180重量份,叔丁基化芳基磷酸酯25重量份,三乙烯二胺1重量份,膨胀倍率大于250 ml/g的80目可膨胀石墨25重量份,三聚氰胺10重量份、聚磷酸铵10重量份、双季戊四醇10重量份、氢氧化铝10重量份、硼酸锌10重量份、氧化铁红10重量份、氧化铁黄10重量份,去离子水1重量份,高回弹硅油1重量份、回弹开孔剂1重量份、N-甲基吗(啡)啉1重量份,按配方量加入拉缸搅拌混合30
min得到A组份。
将制备的A组份305重量份与B组份异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯78重量份加入浇注机,混合均匀后注入已经喷涂过氯化石蜡且内底面铺放一张同模尺寸大小的玻纤网格布的成型模具,恒定模具温度40 ℃熟化1 h固化成型,脱模得到轻质弹性阻火模块成品。
成品理化、燃烧性能:
表观密度0.33 kg/m3,回弹率39 %,膨胀性能230 %,耐水性≥3d,耐油性≥3d,耐碱性≥3d,耐酸性≥3d,耐冻融循环≥15次,极限氧指数39,耐火极限≥3h。符合GB 23864-2009《防火封堵材料》规定标准,通过国家公安部消防产品合格评定中心(CCCF)认证。
以上对本轻质弹性阻火模块的较佳实施例进行了详细说明,不能被认为用于限定本发明的实施范围。凡依据本轻质弹性阻火模块申请范围所作的均等变化与改进等,均应归属于本发明专利的涵盖范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.一种轻质弹性阻火模块,其特征在于,包括下列重量份的原料:
A组份:阻燃聚醚多元醇150~180份,液态阻燃剂25~35份,聚氨酯催化剂1~2份,膨胀石墨25~35份,粉体阻燃剂70~105份,发泡剂1~4份,成模助剂3~9份;
B组份:二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯或异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯中的一种,70~80份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种轻质弹性阻火模块,其特征在于,所述的阻燃聚醚多元醇为分子量500~1000的聚醚二元醇或分子量500~1000聚醚三元醇中的一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种轻质弹性阻火模块,其特征在于,所述的液态阻燃剂为叔丁基化芳基磷酸酯,聚氨酯催化剂为三乙烯二胺或双(十二烷基硫基)二辛基锡烷中的一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种轻质弹性阻火模块,其特征在于,所述膨胀石墨为膨胀倍率大于250 ml/g的80目可膨胀石墨。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种轻质弹性阻火模块,其特征在于,所述粉体阻燃剂为:三聚氰胺、聚磷酸铵、双季戊四醇、氢氧化铝、硼酸锌、氧化铁红、氧化铁黄等比例混合物。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种轻质弹性阻火模块,其特征在于,所述发泡剂为去离子水。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种轻质弹性阻火模块,其特征在于,所述成模助剂为高回弹硅油、回弹开孔剂、N-甲基吗(啡)啉等比例混合物。
8.如权利要求1~7所述的一种轻质弹性阻火模块的制备方法,其特征在于包括下列步骤:
将阻燃聚醚多元醇150~180份,液态阻燃剂25~35份,聚氨酯催化剂1~2份,膨胀石墨25~35份,粉体阻燃剂70~105份,发泡剂1~4份和成模助剂3~9份加入拉缸搅拌混合30~40分钟制得A组份;
将A组份与B组份,经浇注机混合均匀后注入成型模具,恒定模具温度40~50 ℃熟化1~2 h固化成型,脱模得到轻质弹性阻火模块成品。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种轻质弹性阻火模块的制备方法,其特征在于:所述成型模具的内壁喷涂氯化石蜡,内部底面铺放一张同模具尺寸大小的玻纤网格布。
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