CN105857155B

CN105857155B - A kind of multi-compartment logistics device

Info

Publication number: CN105857155B
Application number: CN201610188289.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 时建华
Original assignee: Jiangsu Haitao Amperex Technology Ltd
Current assignee: Jiangsu Haitao Amperex Technology Limited
Priority date: 2016-03-30
Filing date: 2016-03-30
Publication date: 2018-12-25
Anticipated expiration: 2036-03-30
Also published as: CN105857155A

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of multi-compartment logistics devices, including compartment, refrigeration unit, evaporator and engine power recyclable device, the compartment is successively divided into freezing chamber, refrigerating chamber and moist closet with thermal insulation board from left to right, refrigeration unit is mounted on the front end of freezing chamber for freezing, the evaporator of refrigeration unit is arranged inside freezing chamber, is used for and freezes indoor air heat-exchange；It is provided with the shutter of Electronic control on each thermal insulation board, for cooperating the solar heat-collection plate of roof to control the temperature of 3 chambers, is provided with temperature sensor on the freezing chamber, refrigerating chamber and moist closet；The logistics device is used to recycle the heat of motor exhaust by engine driving, the engine power recyclable device.The logistics device is simple and practical in structure, transport while being able to satisfy freezing, refrigeration, fresh-keeping article, guarantees shipping mass；And its engine exhaust energy can secondary use, energy conservation and environmental protection.

Description

A kind of multi-compartment logistics device

Technical field

The present invention relates to logistics fields, and in particular to a kind of multi-compartment logistics device.

Background technique

With the increasingly raising of people's living standard, requirement of the people to food freshness is also higher and higher, meat products, sea Fresh, veterinary antibiotics, milk etc. freezed during transportation, is refrigerated or fresh-keeping, the compartment of traditional Cold Chain Logistics vehicle Inside is an overall space, in space or freezing, refrigeration or fresh-keeping, effectiveness is single, when transporting the different types that save When article, the single space in compartment is unable to satisfy required temperature requirement；Meanwhile there is also energy consumption large energies for existing logistic car The problems such as secondary use is insufficient.

Summary of the invention

In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of multi-compartment logistics device.

The purpose of the present invention is realized using following technical scheme:

A kind of multi-compartment logistics device, characterized in that recycled including compartment, refrigeration unit, evaporator and engine power Device, the compartment are successively divided into freezing chamber, refrigerating chamber and moist closet with thermal insulation board from left to right, and refrigeration unit is mounted on cold Freeze the front end of room for freezing, the evaporator of refrigeration unit is arranged inside freezing chamber, is used for and freezes indoor air heat-exchange； The shutter of Electronic control is provided on each thermal insulation board, for cooperating the solar heat-collection plate of roof to control the temperature of 3 chambers It spends, is provided with temperature sensor on the freezing chamber, refrigerating chamber and moist closet；The logistics device is described by engine driving Engine power recyclable device is used to recycle the heat of motor exhaust comprising radiator, engine, return water evaporator, height Warm heat-exchanging loop, low-temperature heat exchange circuit, battery group, inverter and frequency converter, backpressure regulation blower；The radiator with start Machine is connected, the surface radiating that the heat of engine is transferred on radiator by cooling water, and passes through radiator by radiator；Hair The tail gas of motivation successively passes through the cooling heel row of backpressure regulation blower, high-temperature evaporator, cryogenic vaporizer to atmosphere；

High temperature heat-exchanging loop include the high temperature circulation pump being sequentially connected, high-temperature evaporator, high temperature multistage expansion turbine and Warm condenser, the interior medium flowed of high temperature heat-exchanging loop is water, and high-temperature evaporator is mounted on the high temperature after backpressure regulation blower On exhaust pipe, squeezed into high-temperature evaporator through the cooling medium water of warm condenser by high temperature circulation pump, the medium after heating Water subsequently enters the acting of high temperature multistage expansion turbine；

Low-temperature heat exchange circuit includes that the low-temperature circulating pump, cryogenic vaporizer, intermediate extraction superheater, the low temperature that are sequentially connected are more Grade expanding machine and low-temperature condenser, the medium of flowing is R245fa in low-temperature heat exchange circuit, and cryogenic vaporizer is mounted on through excessively high On low temperature exhaust gas pipeline after warm evaporator；Low temperature is squeezed by low-temperature circulating pump through the cooling medium R245fa of low-temperature condenser to steam It sends out in device, the medium water after heating enters low temperature multistage expanding machine after the heating of intermediate extraction superheater and does work；Intermediate extraction Superheater is pipe heat exchanger, intergrade steam extraction of the heat source from high temperature multistage expansion turbine；It further include regulating valve, institute Regulating valve is stated according to the pressure feedback in the R245fa temperature feedback and high temperature multistage expansion turbine after intermediate extraction superheater, For adjusting the flow of intergrade steam extraction, R245fa temperature feedback value after intermediate extraction superheater is more than or less than setting Intermediate extraction superheater after R245fa temperature value when, turn down or open automatically the aperture of big regulating valve, while when high temperature is more When pressure feedback value in grade turbo-expander is less than the pressure atresia value in the high temperature multistage expansion turbine of setting, close automatically It locks regulating valve to open, the intergrade steam extraction after heating flows back into high temperature heat exchange cycle circuit；High-temperature evaporator and cryogenic vaporizer The distance between L be the 3/4 of exhaust pipe road overall length, high temperature multistage expansion turbine is 3 grades of expanding machines, and intergrade steam extraction takes From the 2nd grade of high temperature multistage expansion turbine；

High-temperature evaporator and cryogenic vaporizer are all made of screen formula-spiral heat exchange tube, and the front half section in gas inlet side is adopted With the screen formula heat exchanger tube being staggered in arrangement, the second half section uses spiral heat exchange tube；Cooling water return pipe of the engine to radiator Return water evaporator is additionally provided on road, for recycling the heat of engine cooling water return water, cooling source is derived from low-temperature circulating pump Centre tap, it is heated after the R245fa that comes out of centre tap return to the inlet of intermediate extraction superheater；The high temperature Evaporator and cryogenic vaporizer are integrally provided in the heat exchange shell of drum type brake, and the shell that exchanges heat passes through spiral shell by procapsid and back casing Bolt fastens, and the length of procapsid is identical as the screen horizontal length of formula heat exchanger tube, the length of back casing and spiral heat exchange tube Horizontal length is identical；Multiple vibrators are provided on the screen formula heat exchanger tube, vibrator is powered by battery group；The procapsid Bottom it is arc-shaped, be additionally provided with sewage draining exit at the minimum point of curved bottom, fallen for being periodically discharged to shake on screen formula heat exchanger tube Dirt；

It is coaxially connected by shaft coupling between low temperature multistage expanding machine and high temperature multistage expansion turbine, it is first in system starting Phase, the R245fa in low-temperature heat exchange circuit reach vapourizing temperature prior to the water in high temperature heat-exchanging loop, and low temperature multistage expands prow First start, while driving high temperature multistage expansion turbine low speed to rotate in advance by shaft coupling, it is swollen to play reduction high temperature multistage turbine The starting pressure of swollen machine shortens the effect of starting time；When system stops, the coasting operation first of high temperature multistage expansion turbine subtracts Speed, while driving low temperature multistage expanding machine to slow down by shaft coupling, to reduce the idling time of cryogenic expansion machine, it is low to play reduction The air blast friction of warm multiple expansion engine, the effect for preventing blade from overheating；

It further include battery group, inverter and frequency converter, one end of high temperature multistage expansion turbine is connected with battery group, Battery group is for storing the electric energy being transformed by the kinetic energy of expanding machine；Battery group is connected with inverter and frequency converter, inverse Become device to be used for the DC inverter of battery as alternating current, frequency converter is for driving backpressure regulation blower and adjusting its revolving speed； Backpressure regulation blower is used to lower and control the back pressure of engine, adjusts back by the pressure at expulsion feedback detected when operation Pressure adjusts the revolving speed of blower to adjust back pressure in optimum value.

Preferably, the low temperature multistage expanding machine and high temperature multistage expansion turbine pass through high temperature inlet valve and low temperature respectively The respective throttle flow of air inlet valve regulation, the stability of flow area of the high temperature inlet valve and low temperature air inlet valve that use is 30%~100% Metered flow, when high temperature heat-exchanging loop or low-temperature heat exchange circuit cycle flow are greater than 30% respective metered flow, high temperature is into vapour Valve or low temperature inlet valve keep standard-sized sheet to avoid restriction loss, by adjust the revolving speed of high temperature circulation pump or low-temperature circulating pump come Change the power output of expanding machine；When high temperature heat-exchanging loop or low-temperature heat exchange circuit cycle flow are less than 30% respective metered flow, It keeps the revolving speed of high temperature circulation pump or low-temperature circulating pump constant, is adjusted by the aperture of control high temperature inlet valve or low temperature inlet valve Save the power output of expanding machine.

This logistics device the utility model has the advantages that the logistics device is simple and practical in structure, be able to satisfy freezing, refrigeration, fresh-keeping article While transport, guarantee shipping mass；And its engine exhaust energy can secondary use, energy conservation and environmental protection；Devise engine Off gas energy recovery system, not according to the heat recovery demand of different temperature zones and the evaporating temperature and heat transfer characteristic of medium Together, different circulatory mediators is used in high temperature section and low-temperature zone, to improve the heat exchange efficiency of system on the whole；Passing through will The lower low-temperature circulating pump centre tap of pressure leads to the return water of the cooling engine cooling water of return water evaporator, can recycle Motor exhaust waste heat recycles the heat of cooling water simultaneously, and energy-saving effect is obvious；A kind of suitable tail gas has been redesigned to change Screen formula-spiral heat exchange tube that heat uses, was not only convenient to clean, but also increase heat exchange efficiency；By by part recover energy for Turn by inverter and transducer drive backpressure regulation blower, and according to the feedback regulation backpressure regulation blower of exhaust back pressure Speed, realize without driven by external power blower while by backpressure regulation and energy regenerating integration, be greatly saved investment and Space hold；Using the intergrade steam extraction of high temperature multistage expansion turbine, the steam extraction of this part is swollen in high temperature multistage turbine Pass through one section of expansion process in swollen machine, is heated using its remaining heat into the medium before low temperature multistage expanding machine On the one hand R245fa can guarantee effective vaporization of R245fa, the mechanical efficiency in low-temperature expansion circuit on the other hand can be improved, Cold source energy is avoided, to improve the whole efficiency of energy recycle device；Low temperature multistage expanding machine and the expansion of high temperature multistage turbine It is coaxially connected by shaft coupling between machine, at the initial stage of system starting, since exhaust temperature is lower, in low-temperature heat exchange circuit R245fa reaches vapourizing temperature prior to the water in high temperature heat-exchanging loop, and low temperature multistage expanding machine starts first, while passing through shaft coupling Device drives high temperature multistage expansion turbine low speed to rotate in advance, can effectively reduce the starting pressure of high temperature multistage expansion turbine in this way Power shortens the starting time, and when system stops, the coasting operation first of high temperature multistage expansion turbine is slowed down, while passing through shaft coupling band Dynamic low temperature multistage expanding machine slows down, to reduce the idling time of cryogenic expansion machine, due to the medium in stopped process in expanding machine Temperature is also relatively high, primarily serves the air blast friction for reducing low temperature multistage expanding machine at this time, the effect for preventing blade from overheating；According to Inlet valve control characteristic and the considerations of restriction loss under different flow rate working conditions, devises a kind of revolving speed and inlet valve combines Control mode is reducing the stability that adjusting is maintained while restriction loss.

Detailed description of the invention

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the embodiment in attached drawing is not constituted to any limit of the invention System, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can also obtain according to the following drawings Other attached drawings.

Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of this logistics device；

Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of this energy recycle device；

Fig. 3 is the side view of high-temperature evaporator and cryogenic vaporizer；

Fig. 4 is the front view of high-temperature evaporator and cryogenic vaporizer.

Appended drawing reference: radiator -1；Engine -2；Warm condenser -3；Low-temperature condenser -4；High-temperature evaporator -5；It is low Warm evaporator -6；High temperature multistage expansion turbine -7；Low temperature multistage expanding machine -8；Return water evaporator -9；High temperature circulation pump -10； Low-temperature circulating pump -11；Intermediate extraction superheater -12；Battery group -13；Backpressure regulation blower -14；Inverter and frequency converter- 15；Regulating valve -16；Screen formula heat exchanger tube -17；Spiral heat exchange tube -18；Shaft coupling -19；Procapsid -20；Back casing -21；Bolt- 22；Sewage draining exit -23；Compartment -24；Refrigeration unit -25；Evaporator -26；Freezing chamber -27；Refrigerating chamber -28；Moist closet -29；It is heat-insulated Plate -30；Shutter -31；Temperature sensor -32.

Specific embodiment

The invention will be further described with the following Examples.

Embodiment 1:

A kind of multi-compartment logistics device as shown in Figure 1, including compartment 24, refrigeration unit 25, evaporator 26 and engine Energy recycle device, the compartment 24 are successively divided into freezing chamber 27, refrigerating chamber 28 and moist closet with thermal insulation board 30 from left to right 29, refrigeration unit 25 is mounted on the front end of freezing chamber 27 for freezing, and the evaporator 26 of refrigeration unit 25 is arranged in freezing chamber 27 Inside, for the air heat-exchange in freezing chamber 27；The shutter 31 of Electronic control is provided on each thermal insulation board 30, for matching The solar heat-collection plate (not shown) for closing roof controls the temperature of 3 chambers, the freezing chamber 27, refrigerating chamber 28 and heat preservation Temperature sensor 32 is provided on room 29；The logistics device is driven by engine 2.

As shown in Fig. 2, engine power recyclable device is used to recycle the energy of 2 tail gas of engine comprising radiator 1, Engine 2, return water evaporator 9, high temperature heat-exchanging loop, low-temperature heat exchange circuit, battery group 13, inverter and frequency converter 15 and back Pressure adjusts blower 14.Radiator 1 is connected with engine 2, and the heat of engine 2 is transferred to heat dissipation by cooling water by radiator 1 On device 1, and pass through the surface radiating of radiator 1, engine 2 referred herein can be for large sizes such as motor vehicle, ships The engine of dynamic power machine.The tail gas of engine 2 successively passes through backpressure regulation blower 14, high-temperature evaporator 5, cryogenic vaporizer 6 Atmosphere is discharged after cooling.

High temperature heat-exchanging loop includes that the high temperature circulation being sequentially connected pumps 10, high-temperature evaporator 5, high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 and warm condenser 3, the medium flowed in high temperature heat-exchanging loop is water, after high-temperature evaporator 5 is mounted on backpressure regulation blower 14 High-temperature tail gas pipeline on, through the cooling medium water of warm condenser 3 by high temperature circulation pump 10 squeeze into high-temperature evaporator 5 to The tail gas of cooling high-temperature tail gas section, the medium water after heating then pass through the acting of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, thermal energy are converted For the mechanical energy of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7.

Low-temperature heat exchange circuit include be sequentially connected low-temperature circulating pump 11, cryogenic vaporizer 6, intermediate extraction superheater 12, Low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 and low-temperature condenser 4, the medium flowed in low-temperature heat exchange circuit are R245fa, and cryogenic vaporizer 6 is installed The heat that tail gas is further recycled on the low temperature exhaust gas pipeline after high-temperature evaporator 5, cooling through low-temperature condenser 6 Medium R245fa is squeezed into cryogenic vaporizer 6 by low-temperature circulating pump 11, and the medium water after heating passes through intermediate extraction superheater 12 It does work afterwards by low temperature multiple expansion engine 8, converts heat energy into the mechanical energy of low temperature multistage expanding machine 8.Inventor sends out through research It is existing, in energy recycle device, use water not identical as medium and the effect for using R245fa as both media, the evaporation of water The evaporating temperature of temperature ratio R245fa is higher by much, therefore is suitble to use in the tail gas section of high temperature；And in the tail gas of low temperature It uses R245fa as medium in section, is more advantageous to its evaporation acting.In addition, this will under the conditions of different pressure and temperatures Both media are used in combination, and can also improve the heat exchange efficiency of system on the whole.Intermediate extraction superheater 12 is pipe type heat transfer Device, intergrade steam extraction of the heat source from high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, the steam extraction of this part is in high temperature multistage turbine Pass through one section of expansion process in expanding machine 7, is heated using its remaining heat into the medium before low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 On the one hand R245fa can guarantee effective vaporization of R245fa, the mechanical efficiency in low-temperature expansion circuit on the other hand can be improved, Cold source energy is avoided, to improve the whole efficiency of energy recycle device.Specific steam extraction series can be according to two expanding machines In different condition ranges determine.It further include regulating valve 16, regulating valve 16 is according to the R245fa after intermediate extraction superheater 12 Pressure feedback in temperature feedback and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 works as intermediate extraction for adjusting the flow of intergrade steam extraction R245fa temperature feedback value after superheater 12 is more than or less than the R245fa temperature after the intermediate extraction superheater 12 of setting When value, the aperture of big regulating valve 16 is turned down or opens automatically, while when the pressure feedback value in high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is small When pressure atresia value in the high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 of setting, automatic blocking regulating valve 16, which is opened, (forbids its continuation greatly Open big), the R245fa temperature to prevent the power output of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 too low, after the intermediate extraction superheater 12 of setting Pressure atresia value in angle value and the high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 of setting passes through the method for experiment according to different concrete conditions It is manually set, the intergrade steam extraction after heating flows back into high temperature heat exchange cycle circuit (not shown).In this embodiment, it takes The distance between high-temperature evaporator 5 and cryogenic vaporizer 6 L are the 3/4 of exhaust pipe road overall length, high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 be 3 grades of expanding machines, and intergrade steam extraction is derived from the 2nd grade of high temperature multistage expansion turbine.

As shown in Figure 3,4, it is contemplated that more how long impurity in tail gas is not easy to cleaning after use and is easy to happen blocking, And heat exchange efficiency is taken into account, high-temperature evaporator 5 and cryogenic vaporizer 6 are all made of screen formula-spiral heat exchange tube new structure, The inlet side of tail gas, using the screen formula heat exchanger tube 17 being staggered in arrangement, tail gas impurity most in this way is blocked in screen formula and changes On heat pipe 17, when cleaning, is very convenient, while being staggered in arrangement the flow resistance that can also effectively reduce tail gas；And spiral shell is used in the second half section Heat exchanger tube 18 is revolved, improves heat exchange efficiency to reinforce flow perturbation.Warm condenser 3 can be derived from air-conditioning refrigerant, can also take From other cold sources, because the after-heat of this part is few, as long as being able to satisfy the medium in heat-exchanging loop is again cold But arriving liquid prevents 11 vaporization of high temperature circulation pump 10 and low-temperature circulating pump.The high-temperature evaporator 5 and cryogenic vaporizer 6 are whole Body is arranged in the heat exchange shell of drum type brake, and heat exchange shell is fastened by procapsid 20 and back casing 21 by bolt 22, preceding The length of shell 20 is identical as the screen horizontal length of formula heat exchanger tube 17, and the length of back casing 21 and the level of spiral heat exchange tube 18 are long It spends identical；Multiple vibrator (not shown)s are provided on the screen formula heat exchanger tube 17, vibrator is powered by battery group 13； The bottom of the procapsid 20 is arc-shaped, and sewage draining exit 23 is additionally provided at the minimum point of curved bottom, for screen to be periodically discharged Shake the dirt fallen on formula heat exchanger tube 17.

It is additionally provided with return water evaporator 9 on the cooling water return pipe road of engine 2 to radiator 1, is started for recycling The heat of machine cooling water return water, cooling source be derived from low-temperature circulating pump 11 centre tap, it is heated after centre tap come out R245fa return to the inlet of intermediate extraction superheater 12.The centre tap of the lower low-temperature circulating pump 11 of pressure is led to The return water of the cooling engine cooling water of return water evaporator, on the one hand can recycle the heat of cooling water return water, on the other hand well Have more preferably compared to individually adding a circulation or drawing cooling medium from the outlet of low-temperature circulating pump 11 and high temperature circulation pump 10 Energy-saving effect.

It is coaxially connected by shaft coupling 19 between low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, it is opened in system At dynamic initial stage, since exhaust temperature is lower, the R245fa in low-temperature heat exchange circuit reaches vapour prior to the water in high temperature heat-exchanging loop Change temperature, low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 starts first, while driving 7 low speed of high temperature multistage expansion turbine pre- by shaft coupling 19 Rotation, can effectively reduce the starting pressure of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 in this way, shorten the starting time, due to high temperature at this time Medium temperature in multistage expansion turbine 7 is very low, and the length of blade of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is compared with low temperature multiple expansion The length of blade of machine 8 is small, and the air blast friction very little of blade can almost not have to consider；When system stops, high temperature multistage turbine The coasting operation first of expanding machine 7 is slowed down, while driving low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 to slow down by shaft coupling 19, to reduce cryogenic expansion machine 8 Idling time primarily serve reduction low temperature multistage at this time since the medium temperature in stopped process in expanding machine is also relatively high The air blast friction of expanding machine 8, the effect for preventing blade from overheating.

One end of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is connected with battery group 13, and battery group 13 is for storing by expanding machine The electric energy that kinetic energy is transformed.The technology that the electric energy of battery is converted energy into about expanding machine, due to the prior art Very mature, details are not described herein.Battery group 13 is connected with inverter and frequency converter 15, and inverter is used for the direct current of battery Electric inversion is alternating current, and frequency converter is for driving backpressure regulation blower 14 and adjusting its revolving speed.Energy recycle device is to engine 2 Influence essentially consist in engine exhaust by that the exhaust back pressure of engine 2 can be made to increase when heater in system, and be vented Back pressure increases the power consumption that will lead to when exhaust gas is released cylinder by engine piston and increases, therefore backpressure regulation blower 14 is arranged can be with Effectively lower and control the back pressure of engine 2, when operation, backpressure regulation wind is adjusted by the pressure at expulsion feedback detected The revolving speed of machine 14 is to adjust back pressure in optimum value, while this energy using battery group 13 itself drives the side of blower Formula has the advantages of not needing external power supply.

Low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 pass through high temperature inlet valve and low temperature air inlet valve (figure respectively In be not shown) adjust respective throttle flow.The stability of flow area of the high temperature inlet valve and low temperature air inlet valve that use for 30%~ 100% metered flow, either low-temperature heat exchange circuit or high temperature heat-exchanging loop, the control of pump and the control of expanding machine, first The flow of working medium is adjusted by pump, realizes the control to working medium temperature at expander inlet, the expansion when flow changes Machine must make corresponding adjustment to match flow, if the operation of expanding machine and flow mismatch, cannot not only maintain stable Evaporating pressure, the operation of expanding machine also cannot keep stabilization, while according to the characteristic of high temperature inlet valve and low temperature inlet valve, adopt It is adjusted with pressure and speed adjusts the control mode matched: when high temperature heat-exchanging loop or low-temperature heat exchange circuit cycle flow are greater than When 30% respective metered flow, high temperature inlet valve or low temperature inlet valve keep standard-sized sheet to avoid restriction loss, by adjusting high temperature Circulating pump 10 or low-temperature circulating pump 11 revolving speed to change the power output of expanding machine；When high temperature heat-exchanging loop or low-temperature heat exchange circuit When circular flow is less than 30% respective metered flow, the control characteristic of inlet valve when due to small flow is unstable, keeps high temperature Circulating pump 10 or low-temperature circulating 11 revolving speeds of pump are constant, and expansion is adjusted by the aperture of control high temperature inlet valve or low temperature inlet valve The power output of machine.

It is simple and practical in structure in the logistics device of this embodiment, fortune while being able to satisfy freezing, refrigeration, fresh-keeping article It is defeated, guarantee shipping mass；And its engine exhaust energy can secondary use, energy conservation and environmental protection；Devise the tail gas recycle of engine System, according to the difference of the evaporating temperature and heat transfer characteristic of the heat recovery demand of different temperature zones and medium, in high temperature section Different circulatory mediators is used with low-temperature zone, to improve the heat exchange efficiency of system on the whole；By the way that pressure is lower Low-temperature circulating pump centre tap leads to the return water of the cooling engine cooling water of return water evaporator 9, can be in recycling engines tail Gas waste heat recycles the heat of cooling water simultaneously, and energy-saving effect is obvious；Redesign what a kind of suitable tail gas heat exchange used Screen formula-spiral heat exchange tube, was not only convenient to clean, but also increase heat exchange efficiency；Pass through recovering energy part for passing through inversion Device and frequency converter 15 drive backpressure regulation blower 14, and are turned according to the feedback regulation backpressure regulation blower 14 of exhaust back pressure Speed, realize without driven by external power blower while by backpressure regulation and energy regenerating integration, be greatly saved investment and Space hold；Using the intergrade steam extraction of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, the steam extraction of this part is swollen in high temperature multistage turbine Pass through one section of expansion process in swollen machine 7, is heated using its remaining heat into the medium before low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 On the one hand R245fa can guarantee effective vaporization of R245fa, the mechanical efficiency in low-temperature expansion circuit on the other hand can be improved, Cold source energy is avoided, to improve the whole efficiency of energy recycle device；Low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 and the expansion of high temperature multistage turbine It is coaxially connected by shaft coupling 19 between machine 7, at the initial stage of system starting, since exhaust temperature is lower, in low-temperature heat exchange circuit R245fa prior in high temperature heat-exchanging loop water reach vapourizing temperature, low temperature multistage expanding machine starts first, while passing through connection Axis device 19 drives 7 low speed of high temperature multistage expansion turbine to rotate in advance, can effectively reduce high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 in this way Start pressure, shorten the starting time, when system stops, the coasting operation first of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is slowed down, while passing through connection Axis device 19 drives low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 to slow down, to reduce the idling time of cryogenic expansion machine 8, due to expanding in stopped process Medium temperature in machine is also relatively high, primarily serves the air blast friction for reducing low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 at this time, prevents blade from overheating Effect；The considerations of according to inlet valve control characteristic under different flow rate working conditions and restriction loss, devise a kind of revolving speed and into The control mode that steam valve combines is reducing the stability that adjusting is maintained while restriction loss.High-temperature evaporator 5 and low temperature The distance between evaporator 6 L is the 3/4 of exhaust pipe road overall length, and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is 3 grades of expanding machines, intermediate Grade steam extraction is derived from the 2nd grade of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, and heat recovery efficiency improves 4%, achieves unexpected effect Fruit.

Embodiment 2:

As shown in Fig. 2, engine power recyclable device is used to recycle the energy of motor exhaust comprising radiator 1, hair Motivation 2, return water evaporator 9, high temperature heat-exchanging loop, low-temperature heat exchange circuit, battery group 13, inverter and frequency converter 15 and back pressure Adjust blower 14.Radiator 1 is connected with engine 2, and the heat of engine 2 is transferred to radiator 1 by cooling water by radiator 1 On, and passing through the surface radiating of radiator 1, engine 2 referred herein can be large-scale dynamic for motor vehicle, ship etc. The engine of power machinery.It is cold that the tail gas of engine 2 successively passes through backpressure regulation blower 14, high-temperature evaporator 5, cryogenic vaporizer 6 But atmosphere is discharged afterwards.

Low-temperature heat exchange circuit include be sequentially connected low-temperature circulating pump 11, cryogenic vaporizer 6, intermediate extraction superheater 12, Low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 and low-temperature condenser 4, the medium flowed in low-temperature heat exchange circuit are R245fa, and cryogenic vaporizer 6 is installed The heat that tail gas is further recycled on the low temperature exhaust gas pipeline after high-temperature evaporator 5, cooling through low-temperature condenser 6 Medium R245fa is squeezed into cryogenic vaporizer 6 by low-temperature circulating pump 11, and the medium water after heating passes through intermediate extraction superheater 12 It does work afterwards by low temperature multiple expansion engine 8, converts heat energy into the mechanical energy of low temperature multistage expanding machine 8.Inventor sends out through research It is existing, in energy recycle device, use water not identical as medium and the effect for using R245fa as both media, the evaporation of water The evaporating temperature of temperature ratio R245fa is higher by much, therefore is suitble to use in the tail gas section of high temperature；And in the tail gas of low temperature It uses R245fa as medium in section, is more advantageous to its evaporation acting.In addition, this will under the conditions of different pressure and temperatures Both media are used in combination, and can also improve the heat exchange efficiency of system on the whole.Intermediate extraction superheater 12 is pipe type heat transfer Device, intergrade steam extraction of the heat source from high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, the steam extraction of this part is in high temperature multistage turbine Pass through one section of expansion process in expanding machine 7, is heated using its remaining heat into the medium before low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 On the one hand R245fa can guarantee effective vaporization of R245fa, the mechanical efficiency in low-temperature expansion circuit on the other hand can be improved, Cold source energy is avoided, to improve the whole efficiency of energy recycle device.Specific steam extraction series can be according to two expanding machines In different condition ranges determine.It further include regulating valve 16, regulating valve 16 is according to the R245fa after intermediate extraction superheater 12 Pressure feedback in temperature feedback and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 works as intermediate extraction for adjusting the flow of intergrade steam extraction R245fa temperature feedback value after superheater 12 is more than or less than the R245fa temperature after the intermediate extraction superheater 12 of setting When value, the aperture of big regulating valve 16 is turned down or opens automatically, while when the pressure feedback value in high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is small When pressure atresia value in the high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 of setting, automatic blocking regulating valve 16, which is opened, (forbids its continuation greatly Open big), the R245fa temperature to prevent the power output of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 too low, after the intermediate extraction superheater 12 of setting Pressure atresia value in angle value and the high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 of setting passes through the method for experiment according to different concrete conditions It is manually set, the intergrade steam extraction after heating flows back into high temperature heat exchange cycle circuit (not shown).In this embodiment, it takes The distance between high-temperature evaporator 5 and cryogenic vaporizer 6 L are the 2/3 of exhaust pipe road overall length, high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 be 4 grades of expanding machines, and intergrade steam extraction is derived from the 2nd grade of high temperature multistage expansion turbine.

It is simple and practical in structure in the logistics device of this embodiment, fortune while being able to satisfy freezing, refrigeration, fresh-keeping article It is defeated, guarantee shipping mass；And its engine exhaust energy can secondary use, energy conservation and environmental protection；Devise the tail gas recycle of engine System, according to the difference of the evaporating temperature and heat transfer characteristic of the heat recovery demand of different temperature zones and medium, in high temperature section Different circulatory mediators is used with low-temperature zone, to improve the heat exchange efficiency of system on the whole；By the way that pressure is lower Low-temperature circulating pump centre tap leads to the return water of the cooling engine cooling water of return water evaporator 9, can be in recycling engines tail Gas waste heat recycles the heat of cooling water simultaneously, and energy-saving effect is obvious；Redesign what a kind of suitable tail gas heat exchange used Screen formula-spiral heat exchange tube, was not only convenient to clean, but also increase heat exchange efficiency；Pass through recovering energy part for passing through inversion Device and frequency converter 15 drive backpressure regulation blower 14, and are turned according to the feedback regulation backpressure regulation blower 14 of exhaust back pressure Speed, realize without driven by external power blower while by backpressure regulation and energy regenerating integration, be greatly saved investment and Space hold；Using the intergrade steam extraction of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, the steam extraction of this part is swollen in high temperature multistage turbine Pass through one section of expansion process in swollen machine 7, is heated using its remaining heat into the medium before low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 On the one hand R245fa can guarantee effective vaporization of R245fa, the mechanical efficiency in low-temperature expansion circuit on the other hand can be improved, Cold source energy is avoided, to improve the whole efficiency of energy recycle device；Low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 and the expansion of high temperature multistage turbine It is coaxially connected by shaft coupling 19 between machine 7, at the initial stage of system starting, since exhaust temperature is lower, in low-temperature heat exchange circuit R245fa prior in high temperature heat-exchanging loop water reach vapourizing temperature, low temperature multistage expanding machine starts first, while passing through connection Axis device 19 drives 7 low speed of high temperature multistage expansion turbine to rotate in advance, can effectively reduce high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 in this way Start pressure, shorten the starting time, when system stops, the coasting operation first of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is slowed down, while passing through connection Axis device 19 drives low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 to slow down, to reduce the idling time of cryogenic expansion machine 8, due to expanding in stopped process Medium temperature in machine is also relatively high, primarily serves the air blast friction for reducing low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 at this time, prevents blade from overheating Effect；The considerations of according to inlet valve control characteristic under different flow rate working conditions and restriction loss, devise a kind of revolving speed and into The control mode that steam valve combines is reducing the stability that adjusting is maintained while restriction loss.High-temperature evaporator 5 and low temperature The distance between evaporator 6 L is the 2/3 of exhaust pipe road overall length, and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is 4 grades of expanding machines, intermediate Grade steam extraction is derived from the 2nd grade of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, and heat recovery efficiency improves 4.5%, achieves unexpected Effect.

Embodiment 3:

Low-temperature heat exchange circuit include be sequentially connected low-temperature circulating pump 11, cryogenic vaporizer 6, intermediate extraction superheater 12, Low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 and low-temperature condenser 4, the medium flowed in low-temperature heat exchange circuit are R245fa, and cryogenic vaporizer 6 is installed The heat that tail gas is further recycled on the low temperature exhaust gas pipeline after high-temperature evaporator 5, cooling through low-temperature condenser 6 Medium R245fa is squeezed into cryogenic vaporizer 6 by low-temperature circulating pump 11, and the medium water after heating passes through intermediate extraction superheater 12 It does work afterwards by low temperature multiple expansion engine 8, converts heat energy into the mechanical energy of low temperature multistage expanding machine 8.Inventor sends out through research It is existing, in energy recycle device, use water not identical as medium and the effect for using R245fa as both media, the evaporation of water The evaporating temperature of temperature ratio R245fa is higher by much, therefore is suitble to use in the tail gas section of high temperature；And in the tail gas of low temperature It uses R245fa as medium in section, is more advantageous to its evaporation acting.In addition, this will under the conditions of different pressure and temperatures Both media are used in combination, and can also improve the heat exchange efficiency of system on the whole.Intermediate extraction superheater 12 is pipe type heat transfer Device, intergrade steam extraction of the heat source from high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, the steam extraction of this part is in high temperature multistage turbine Pass through one section of expansion process in expanding machine 7, is heated using its remaining heat into the medium before low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 On the one hand R245fa can guarantee effective vaporization of R245fa, the mechanical efficiency in low-temperature expansion circuit on the other hand can be improved, Cold source energy is avoided, to improve the whole efficiency of energy recycle device.Specific steam extraction series can be according to two expanding machines In different condition ranges determine.It further include regulating valve 16, regulating valve 16 is according to the R245fa after intermediate extraction superheater 12 Pressure feedback in temperature feedback and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 works as intermediate extraction for adjusting the flow of intergrade steam extraction R245fa temperature feedback value after superheater 12 is more than or less than the R245fa temperature after the intermediate extraction superheater 12 of setting When value, the aperture of big regulating valve 16 is turned down or opens automatically, while when the pressure feedback value in high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is small When pressure atresia value in the high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 of setting, automatic blocking regulating valve 16, which is opened, (forbids its continuation greatly Open big), the R245fa temperature to prevent the power output of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 too low, after the intermediate extraction superheater 12 of setting Pressure atresia value in angle value and the high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 of setting passes through the method for experiment according to different concrete conditions It is manually set, the intergrade steam extraction after heating flows back into high temperature heat exchange cycle circuit (not shown).In this embodiment, it takes The distance between high-temperature evaporator 5 and cryogenic vaporizer 6 L are the 1/2 of exhaust pipe road overall length, high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 be 5 grades of expanding machines, and intergrade steam extraction is derived from the 3rd level of high temperature multistage expansion turbine.

It is simple and practical in structure in the logistics device of this embodiment, fortune while being able to satisfy freezing, refrigeration, fresh-keeping article It is defeated, guarantee shipping mass；And its engine exhaust energy can secondary use, energy conservation and environmental protection；Devise the tail gas recycle of engine System, according to the difference of the evaporating temperature and heat transfer characteristic of the heat recovery demand of different temperature zones and medium, in high temperature section Different circulatory mediators is used with low-temperature zone, to improve the heat exchange efficiency of system on the whole；By the way that pressure is lower Low-temperature circulating pump centre tap leads to the return water of the cooling engine cooling water of return water evaporator 9, can be in recycling engines tail Gas waste heat recycles the heat of cooling water simultaneously, and energy-saving effect is obvious；Redesign what a kind of suitable tail gas heat exchange used Screen formula-spiral heat exchange tube, was not only convenient to clean, but also increase heat exchange efficiency；Pass through recovering energy part for passing through inversion Device and frequency converter 15 drive backpressure regulation blower 14, and are turned according to the feedback regulation backpressure regulation blower 14 of exhaust back pressure Speed, realize without driven by external power blower while by backpressure regulation and energy regenerating integration, be greatly saved investment and Space hold；Using the intergrade steam extraction of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, the steam extraction of this part is swollen in high temperature multistage turbine Pass through one section of expansion process in swollen machine 7, is heated using its remaining heat into the medium before low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 On the one hand R245fa can guarantee effective vaporization of R245fa, the mechanical efficiency in low-temperature expansion circuit on the other hand can be improved, Cold source energy is avoided, to improve the whole efficiency of energy recycle device；Low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 and the expansion of high temperature multistage turbine It is coaxially connected by shaft coupling 19 between machine 7, at the initial stage of system starting, since exhaust temperature is lower, in low-temperature heat exchange circuit R245fa prior in high temperature heat-exchanging loop water reach vapourizing temperature, low temperature multistage expanding machine starts first, while passing through connection Axis device 19 drives 7 low speed of high temperature multistage expansion turbine to rotate in advance, can effectively reduce high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 in this way Start pressure, shorten the starting time, when system stops, the coasting operation first of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is slowed down, while passing through connection Axis device 19 drives low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 to slow down, to reduce the idling time of cryogenic expansion machine 8, due to expanding in stopped process Medium temperature in machine is also relatively high, primarily serves the air blast friction for reducing low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 at this time, prevents blade from overheating Effect；The considerations of according to inlet valve control characteristic under different flow rate working conditions and restriction loss, devise a kind of revolving speed and into The control mode that steam valve combines is reducing the stability that adjusting is maintained while restriction loss.High-temperature evaporator 5 and low temperature The distance between evaporator 6 L is the 1/2 of exhaust pipe road overall length, and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is 5 grades of expanding machines, intermediate Grade steam extraction is derived from the 3rd level of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, and heat recovery efficiency improves 5%, achieves unexpected effect Fruit.

Embodiment 4:

Low-temperature heat exchange circuit include be sequentially connected low-temperature circulating pump 11, cryogenic vaporizer 6, intermediate extraction superheater 12, Low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 and low-temperature condenser 4, the medium flowed in low-temperature heat exchange circuit are R245fa, and cryogenic vaporizer 6 is installed The heat that tail gas is further recycled on the low temperature exhaust gas pipeline after high-temperature evaporator 5, cooling through low-temperature condenser 6 Medium R245fa is squeezed into cryogenic vaporizer 6 by low-temperature circulating pump 11, and the medium water after heating passes through intermediate extraction superheater 12 It does work afterwards by low temperature multiple expansion engine 8, converts heat energy into the mechanical energy of low temperature multistage expanding machine 8.Inventor sends out through research It is existing, in energy recycle device, use water not identical as medium and the effect for using R245fa as both media, the evaporation of water The evaporating temperature of temperature ratio R245fa is higher by much, therefore is suitble to use in the tail gas section of high temperature；And in the tail gas of low temperature It uses R245fa as medium in section, is more advantageous to its evaporation acting.In addition, this will under the conditions of different pressure and temperatures Both media are used in combination, and can also improve the heat exchange efficiency of system on the whole.Intermediate extraction superheater 12 is pipe type heat transfer Device, intergrade steam extraction of the heat source from high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, the steam extraction of this part is in high temperature multistage turbine Pass through one section of expansion process in expanding machine 7, is heated using its remaining heat into the medium before low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 On the one hand R245fa can guarantee effective vaporization of R245fa, the mechanical efficiency in low-temperature expansion circuit on the other hand can be improved, Cold source energy is avoided, to improve the whole efficiency of energy recycle device.Specific steam extraction series can be according to two expanding machines In different condition ranges determine.It further include regulating valve 16, regulating valve 16 is according to the R245fa after intermediate extraction superheater 12 Pressure feedback in temperature feedback and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 works as intermediate extraction for adjusting the flow of intergrade steam extraction R245fa temperature feedback value after superheater 12 is more than or less than the R245fa temperature after the intermediate extraction superheater 12 of setting When value, the aperture of big regulating valve 16 is turned down or opens automatically, while when the pressure feedback value in high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is small When pressure atresia value in the high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 of setting, automatic blocking regulating valve 16, which is opened, (forbids its continuation greatly Open big), the R245fa temperature to prevent the power output of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 too low, after the intermediate extraction superheater 12 of setting Pressure atresia value in angle value and the high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 of setting passes through the method for experiment according to different concrete conditions It is manually set, the intergrade steam extraction after heating flows back into high temperature heat exchange cycle circuit (not shown).In this embodiment, it takes The distance between high-temperature evaporator 5 and cryogenic vaporizer 6 L are the 2/5 of exhaust pipe road overall length, high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 be 5 grades of expanding machines, and intergrade steam extraction is derived from the 2nd grade of high temperature multistage expansion turbine.

It is simple and practical in structure in the logistics device of this embodiment, fortune while being able to satisfy freezing, refrigeration, fresh-keeping article It is defeated, guarantee shipping mass；And its engine exhaust energy can secondary use, energy conservation and environmental protection；Devise the tail gas recycle of engine System, according to the difference of the evaporating temperature and heat transfer characteristic of the heat recovery demand of different temperature zones and medium, in high temperature section Different circulatory mediators is used with low-temperature zone, to improve the heat exchange efficiency of system on the whole；By the way that pressure is lower Low-temperature circulating pump centre tap leads to the return water of the cooling engine cooling water of return water evaporator 9, can be in recycling engines tail Gas waste heat recycles the heat of cooling water simultaneously, and energy-saving effect is obvious；Redesign what a kind of suitable tail gas heat exchange used Screen formula-spiral heat exchange tube, was not only convenient to clean, but also increase heat exchange efficiency；Pass through recovering energy part for passing through inversion Device and frequency converter 15 drive backpressure regulation blower 14, and are turned according to the feedback regulation backpressure regulation blower 14 of exhaust back pressure Speed, realize without driven by external power blower while by backpressure regulation and energy regenerating integration, be greatly saved investment and Space hold；Using the intergrade steam extraction of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, the steam extraction of this part is swollen in high temperature multistage turbine Pass through one section of expansion process in swollen machine 7, is heated using its remaining heat into the medium before low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 On the one hand R245fa can guarantee effective vaporization of R245fa, the mechanical efficiency in low-temperature expansion circuit on the other hand can be improved, Cold source energy is avoided, to improve the whole efficiency of energy recycle device；Low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 and the expansion of high temperature multistage turbine It is coaxially connected by shaft coupling 19 between machine 7, at the initial stage of system starting, since exhaust temperature is lower, in low-temperature heat exchange circuit R245fa prior in high temperature heat-exchanging loop water reach vapourizing temperature, low temperature multistage expanding machine starts first, while passing through connection Axis device 19 drives 7 low speed of high temperature multistage expansion turbine to rotate in advance, can effectively reduce high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 in this way Start pressure, shorten the starting time, when system stops, the coasting operation first of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is slowed down, while passing through connection Axis device 19 drives low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 to slow down, to reduce the idling time of cryogenic expansion machine 8, due to expanding in stopped process Medium temperature in machine is also relatively high, primarily serves the air blast friction for reducing low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 at this time, prevents blade from overheating Effect；The considerations of according to inlet valve control characteristic under different flow rate working conditions and restriction loss, devise a kind of revolving speed and into The control mode that steam valve combines is reducing the stability that adjusting is maintained while restriction loss.High-temperature evaporator 5 and low temperature The distance between evaporator 6 L is the 2/5 of exhaust pipe road overall length, and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is 5 grades of expanding machines, intermediate Grade steam extraction is derived from the 2nd grade of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, and heat recovery efficiency improves 5.5%, achieves unexpected Effect.

Embodiment 5:

Low-temperature heat exchange circuit include be sequentially connected low-temperature circulating pump 11, cryogenic vaporizer 6, intermediate extraction superheater 12, Low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 and low-temperature condenser 4, the medium flowed in low-temperature heat exchange circuit are R245fa, and cryogenic vaporizer 6 is installed The heat that tail gas is further recycled on the low temperature exhaust gas pipeline after high-temperature evaporator 5, cooling through low-temperature condenser 6 Medium R245fa is squeezed into cryogenic vaporizer 6 by low-temperature circulating pump 11, and the medium water after heating passes through intermediate extraction superheater 12 It does work afterwards by low temperature multiple expansion engine 8, converts heat energy into the mechanical energy of low temperature multistage expanding machine 8.Inventor sends out through research It is existing, in energy recycle device, use water not identical as medium and the effect for using R245fa as both media, the evaporation of water The evaporating temperature of temperature ratio R245fa is higher by much, therefore is suitble to use in the tail gas section of high temperature；And in the tail gas of low temperature It uses R245fa as medium in section, is more advantageous to its evaporation acting.In addition, this will under the conditions of different pressure and temperatures Both media are used in combination, and can also improve the heat exchange efficiency of system on the whole.Intermediate extraction superheater 12 is pipe type heat transfer Device, intergrade steam extraction of the heat source from high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, the steam extraction of this part is in high temperature multistage turbine Pass through one section of expansion process in expanding machine 7, is heated using its remaining heat into the medium before low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 On the one hand R245fa can guarantee effective vaporization of R245fa, the mechanical efficiency in low-temperature expansion circuit on the other hand can be improved, Cold source energy is avoided, to improve the whole efficiency of energy recycle device.Specific steam extraction series can be according to two expanding machines In different condition ranges determine.It further include regulating valve 16, regulating valve 16 is according to the R245fa after intermediate extraction superheater 12 Pressure feedback in temperature feedback and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 works as intermediate extraction for adjusting the flow of intergrade steam extraction R245fa temperature feedback value after superheater 12 is more than or less than the R245fa temperature after the intermediate extraction superheater 12 of setting When value, the aperture of big regulating valve 16 is turned down or opens automatically, while when the pressure feedback value in high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is small When pressure atresia value in the high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 of setting, automatic blocking regulating valve 16, which is opened, (forbids its continuation greatly Open big), the R245fa temperature to prevent the power output of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 too low, after the intermediate extraction superheater 12 of setting Pressure atresia value in angle value and the high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 of setting passes through the method for experiment according to different concrete conditions It is manually set, the intergrade steam extraction after heating flows back into high temperature heat exchange cycle circuit (not shown).In this embodiment, it takes The distance between high-temperature evaporator 5 and cryogenic vaporizer 6 L are the 2/7 of exhaust pipe road overall length, high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 be 6 grades of expanding machines, and intergrade steam extraction is derived from the 3rd level of high temperature multistage expansion turbine.

It is simple and practical in structure in the logistics device of this embodiment, fortune while being able to satisfy freezing, refrigeration, fresh-keeping article It is defeated, guarantee shipping mass；And its engine exhaust energy can secondary use, energy conservation and environmental protection；Devise the tail gas recycle of engine System, according to the difference of the evaporating temperature and heat transfer characteristic of the heat recovery demand of different temperature zones and medium, in high temperature section Different circulatory mediators is used with low-temperature zone, to improve the heat exchange efficiency of system on the whole；By the way that pressure is lower Low-temperature circulating pump centre tap leads to the return water of the cooling engine cooling water of return water evaporator 9, can be in recycling engines tail Gas waste heat recycles the heat of cooling water simultaneously, and energy-saving effect is obvious；Redesign what a kind of suitable tail gas heat exchange used Screen formula-spiral heat exchange tube, was not only convenient to clean, but also increase heat exchange efficiency；Pass through recovering energy part for passing through inversion Device and frequency converter 15 drive backpressure regulation blower 14, and are turned according to the feedback regulation backpressure regulation blower 14 of exhaust back pressure Speed, realize without driven by external power blower while by backpressure regulation and energy regenerating integration, be greatly saved investment and Space hold；Using the intergrade steam extraction of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, the steam extraction of this part is swollen in high temperature multistage turbine Pass through one section of expansion process in swollen machine 7, is heated using its remaining heat into the medium before low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 On the one hand R245fa can guarantee effective vaporization of R245fa, the mechanical efficiency in low-temperature expansion circuit on the other hand can be improved, Cold source energy is avoided, to improve the whole efficiency of energy recycle device；Low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 and the expansion of high temperature multistage turbine It is coaxially connected by shaft coupling 19 between machine 7, at the initial stage of system starting, since exhaust temperature is lower, in low-temperature heat exchange circuit R245fa prior in high temperature heat-exchanging loop water reach vapourizing temperature, low temperature multistage expanding machine starts first, while passing through connection Axis device 19 drives 7 low speed of high temperature multistage expansion turbine to rotate in advance, can effectively reduce high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 in this way Start pressure, shorten the starting time, when system stops, the coasting operation first of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is slowed down, while passing through connection Axis device 19 drives low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 to slow down, to reduce the idling time of cryogenic expansion machine 8, due to expanding in stopped process Medium temperature in machine is also relatively high, primarily serves the air blast friction for reducing low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 at this time, prevents blade from overheating Effect；The considerations of according to inlet valve control characteristic under different flow rate working conditions and restriction loss, devise a kind of revolving speed and into The control mode that steam valve combines is reducing the stability that adjusting is maintained while restriction loss.High-temperature evaporator 5 and low temperature The distance between evaporator 6 L is the 2/7 of exhaust pipe road overall length, and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is 6 grades of expanding machines, intermediate Grade steam extraction is derived from the 3rd level of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, and heat recovery efficiency improves 6%, achieves unexpected effect Fruit.

Finally it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than the present invention is protected The limitation of range is protected, although explaining in detail referring to preferred embodiment to the present invention, those skilled in the art are answered Work as understanding, it can be with modification or equivalent replacement of the technical solution of the present invention are made, without departing from the reality of technical solution of the present invention Matter and range.

Claims

1. a kind of multi-compartment logistics device, characterized in that recycle and fill including compartment, refrigeration unit, evaporator and engine power It sets, the compartment is successively divided into freezing chamber, refrigerating chamber and moist closet with thermal insulation board from left to right, and refrigeration unit is mounted on freezing For freezing, the evaporator of refrigeration unit is arranged inside freezing chamber for the front end of room, is used for and freezes indoor air heat-exchange；Often The shutter of Electronic control is provided on a thermal insulation board, for cooperating the solar heat-collection plate of roof to control the temperature of 3 chambers, Temperature sensor is provided on the freezing chamber, refrigerating chamber and moist closet；The logistics device is described to start by engine driving Machine energy recycle device is used to recycle the heat of motor exhaust comprising radiator, engine, return water evaporator, high temperature change Hot loop, low-temperature heat exchange circuit, battery group, inverter and frequency converter, backpressure regulation blower；The radiator and engine phase Even, the surface radiating that the heat of engine is transferred on radiator by cooling water, and passes through radiator by radiator；Engine Tail gas successively pass through the cooling heel row of backpressure regulation blower, high-temperature evaporator, cryogenic vaporizer to atmosphere；

High temperature heat-exchanging loop includes high temperature circulation pump, high-temperature evaporator, high temperature multistage expansion turbine and the high temperature being sequentially connected Condenser, the interior medium flowed of high temperature heat-exchanging loop is water, and high-temperature evaporator is mounted on the high-temperature tail gas after backpressure regulation blower On pipeline, is squeezed into high-temperature evaporator through the cooling medium water of warm condenser by high temperature circulation pump, the medium water after heating with Enter high temperature multistage expansion turbine afterwards to do work；

Low-temperature heat exchange circuit includes that the low-temperature circulating pump, cryogenic vaporizer, intermediate extraction superheater, the low temperature multistage that are sequentially connected are swollen Swollen machine and low-temperature condenser, the medium flowed in low-temperature heat exchange circuit is R245fa, and cryogenic vaporizer is mounted on to be steamed by high temperature On low temperature exhaust gas pipeline after sending out device；Cryogenic vaporizer is squeezed by low-temperature circulating pump through low-temperature condenser cooling medium R245fa Interior, the medium R245fa after heating enters low temperature multistage expanding machine after the heating of intermediate extraction superheater and does work；Intermediate extraction Superheater is pipe heat exchanger, intergrade steam extraction of the heat source from high temperature multistage expansion turbine；It further include regulating valve, institute Regulating valve is stated according to the pressure feedback in the R245fa temperature feedback and high temperature multistage expansion turbine after intermediate extraction superheater, For adjusting the flow of intergrade steam extraction, R245fa temperature feedback value after intermediate extraction superheater is more than or less than setting Intermediate extraction superheater after R245fa temperature value when, turn down or open automatically the aperture of big regulating valve, while when high temperature is more When pressure feedback value in grade turbo-expander is less than the pressure atresia value in the high temperature multistage expansion turbine of setting, close automatically It locks regulating valve to open, the intergrade steam extraction after heating flows back into high temperature heat exchange cycle circuit；High-temperature evaporator and cryogenic vaporizer The distance between L be the 3/4 of exhaust pipe road overall length, high temperature multistage expansion turbine is 3 grades of expanding machines, and intergrade steam extraction takes From the 2nd grade of high temperature multistage expansion turbine；

High-temperature evaporator and cryogenic vaporizer are all made of screen formula-spiral heat exchange tube, and the front half section in gas inlet side uses wrong The screen formula heat exchanger tube of arrangement is arranged, the second half section uses spiral heat exchange tube；On the engine to the cooling water return pipe road of radiator It is additionally provided with return water evaporator, for recycling the heat of engine cooling water return water, cooling source is derived from low-temperature circulating pump Between tap, it is heated after the R245fa that comes out of centre tap return to the inlet of intermediate extraction superheater；The high temperature evaporation Device and cryogenic vaporizer are integrally provided in the heat exchange shell of drum type brake, and the shell that exchanges heat passes through bolt buckle by procapsid and back casing It closes, the length of procapsid is identical as the screen horizontal length of formula heat exchanger tube, the length of back casing and the level of spiral heat exchange tube Length is identical；Multiple vibrators are provided on the screen formula heat exchanger tube, vibrator is powered by battery group；The bottom of the procapsid Portion is arc-shaped, is additionally provided with sewage draining exit at the minimum point of curved bottom, for the dirt fallen of shaking periodically to be discharged on screen formula heat exchanger tube Object；

It is coaxially connected by shaft coupling between low temperature multistage expanding machine and high temperature multistage expansion turbine, in system initial start stage, R245fa in low-temperature heat exchange circuit reaches vapourizing temperature prior to the water in high temperature heat-exchanging loop, and low temperature multistage expanding machine opens first It is dynamic, while driving high temperature multistage expansion turbine low speed to rotate in advance by shaft coupling, it plays and reduces high temperature multistage expansion turbine Starting pressure, shorten starting the time effect；When system stops, the coasting operation first of high temperature multistage expansion turbine is slowed down, together When by shaft coupling drive low temperature multistage expanding machine slow down, to reduce the idling time of cryogenic expansion machine, play reduce low temperature it is more The air blast friction of grade expanding machine, the effect for preventing blade from overheating；

It further include battery group, inverter and frequency converter, one end of high temperature multistage expansion turbine is connected with battery group, electric power storage Pond group is for storing the electric energy being transformed by the kinetic energy of expanding machine；Battery group is connected with inverter and frequency converter, inverter For being alternating current by the DC inverter of battery, frequency converter is for driving backpressure regulation blower and adjusting its revolving speed；Back pressure It adjusts blower and is used to lower and control the back pressure of engine, back pressure tune is adjusted by the pressure at expulsion feedback detected when operation The revolving speed of blower is saved to adjust back pressure in optimum value；

The low temperature multistage expanding machine and high temperature multistage expansion turbine pass through high temperature inlet valve respectively and low temperature inlet valve is adjusted Respective throttle flow, the stability of flow area of the high temperature inlet valve and low temperature inlet valve that use for 30%~100% metered flow, when When high temperature heat-exchanging loop or low-temperature heat exchange circuit cycle flow are greater than 30% respective metered flow, high temperature inlet valve or low temperature are into vapour Valve keeps standard-sized sheet to avoid restriction loss, changes expanding machine by adjusting the revolving speed of high temperature circulation pump or low-temperature circulating pump Power output；When high temperature heat-exchanging loop or low-temperature heat exchange circuit cycle flow are less than 30% respective metered flow, high temperature circulation is kept The revolving speed of pump or low-temperature circulating pump is constant, and going out for expanding machine is adjusted by the aperture of control high temperature inlet valve or low temperature inlet valve Power.