CN105834423A - Online layering detection method based on additive manufacturing - Google Patents
Online layering detection method based on additive manufacturing Download PDFInfo
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- CN105834423A CN105834423A CN201610316006.9A CN201610316006A CN105834423A CN 105834423 A CN105834423 A CN 105834423A CN 201610316006 A CN201610316006 A CN 201610316006A CN 105834423 A CN105834423 A CN 105834423A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/38—Process control to achieve specific product aspects, e.g. surface smoothness, density, porosity or hollow structures
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/90—Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention relates to an online layering detection method based on additive manufacturing. The method comprises the steps that firstly, materials are formed; secondly, plane detection and information processing analysis are conducted; thirdly, next-layer or multi-layer to-be-detected material forming continues to be conducted on the detected formed materials; fourthly, formed material detection is conducted on the next-layer or multi-layer to-be-detected formed materials obtained in the third step according to the operation in the second step; and fifthly, the operation of the third step and the fourth step is repeated. The online layering detection method has the beneficial effects that using is convenient, detection is reliable, overall detection of complex parts can be dispersed into a two-dimensional plane easy to scan and detect, a detection blind area is completely eliminated, flaws on the two-dimensional plane can be accurately positioned, and the flaws can be conveniently removed or repaired and corrected in time; and the situation that after the parts are integrally formed and the flaws are detected, the flaws cannot be removed, and the parts are scraped is avoided, and wide application prospects are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to increase material and manufacture processing technique field, particularly to a kind of based on the online layer detection method increasing material manufacture processing.
Background technology
Increase material manufacturing technology to refer to based on discrete dynamics models principle, part three-dimensional data drive the science system directly manufacturing part.Based on different principle of classification and understanding mode, increase material manufacturing technology and also have the multiple appellation such as Rapid Prototyping, quick shaping, quickly manufacture, 3D printing.Increasing material manufacture is subtracting of using of relatively conventional manufacturing industry for material manufactures, and subtracts material manufacture and is through the machining mode such as mould, turnning and milling and shapes raw material, cut, remove, thus final production goes out finished product.With subtract material manufacture method antithesis, increasing material manufacture is the technology using the method that gradually adds up of material to manufacture entity component, and 3D solid is become several two dimensional surfaces by it, by material process successively superposition are produced, build a wall like with brick, successively increase material, ultimately form object.Increase this material of the material manufacturing technology gradually cumulative technology manufacturing entity component, subtract material manufacturing technology relative to traditional, be the manufacture method of a kind of " from bottom to top ".Increase material manufacture and combine the advantage of the multinomial high-tech such as the graphics process of computer, digital information and control, laser technology, mechanical & electrical technology and material technology, need not traditional cutter and fixture and multi-step process, an equipment can produce the part of arbitrarily complicated shape fast precise, it is achieved thereby that part " freely manufactures ", solve the shaping of many parts with complex structures, and greatly reduce manufacturing procedure, shorten the process-cycle.The material category that increasing material manufacture can be processed is more, metal material, nonmetallic materials, biomaterial can be processed, and product structure is the most complicated, the effect of its manufacturing speed is the most notable, it is particularly suitable for the manufacture of parts in single and mini-batch production Aerospace Products, there is low cost and the high advantage of efficiency.
But, it is the process utilizing the thermals source such as laser, electron beam and electric arc to be piled up by metal molten that metal increases material manufacture, and its technique essence has certain limitation.When on the one hand using increasing material manufacture to shape, it is the accumulation carrying out metal material in the way of the liquid metal droplet transfer, it is difficult to accurately control energy and the quantity of molten drop institute metal-containing material；On the other hand the existence of liquid metal bath, it is difficult to control part geometry precision and part edge shape.Meanwhile, increase material manufacturing the course of processing is an also metallurgical process, and it is along with the appearance of the problems such as inside parts structural transformation, residual stress, deformation and manufacturing deficiency, thus can have a strong impact on the mechanical performance of part.Increase material and manufacture the early stage of development, it is to shape (LOM), selective laser sintering (SLS), fused deposition modeling (FDM), three-dimensional printing technology (3DP) as major technique with photocuring technology (SLA), quires layer, can only undertake that resin, stationery etc. be nonmetal and the processing of a few metals material.Product is also confined to the class shapes such as mould shape, sample, master mold and functional parts, and end user the most only focuses on the surface structure of product, will not take notice of product whether existing defects.Being applied to metal processing sectors more and more along with increasing material manufacturing technology, the metal works processed also changes to load-carrying construction part from functional parts, and the mechanical property of metal works increasingly comes into one's own.But increase the defect problem affecting part performance occurred in material manufacture and become increasingly conspicuous, how to find defect, avoid defect to become the trend increasing the research of material Manufacture quality control.
At present, metal increases material and manufactures after the detection of part generally uses completion of processing, and its method carrying out x-ray inspection, ultrasonic examination or eddy current inspection is differentiated workpiece whether existing defects, if be detected that problematic, the lighter needs to remove problematic portion, again shapes this part；Severe one, can only scrap because removing, or overall increasing material manufacture again.Increase material manufacture and be, compared to the advantage of traditional diamond-making technique, the expensive metal that processing structure is complicated, this advantage will face huge obstruction in this thinking of whole detection after using completion just, on the one hand increase material and manufacture workpiece often structure complexity, whole detection can run into check frequency, such as Structural superposition ray according to impermeable, ultrasonic reflections face too much, the Kelvin effect of eddy current and edge effect etc., cause part missing inspection, flase drop；On the other hand, once detection finds inside workpiece existing defects, and existing means are the most difficult to internal defect location, cause and cannot repair and produce waste product, and the material of increasing material manufacture is valuable and often cannot reuse, and processing brings huge economic loss.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of based on increasing the online layer detection method that material manufacture is processed, if the detection method effectively solving prior art is tested with problem, the lighter needs to remove problematic portion, again shapes this part；Severe one, because removing and can only scrap, or the problem that overall increasing material manufactures again, the detection method also solving prior art once detects discovery inside workpiece existing defects, existing means are the most difficult to internal defect location, causing and cannot repair and produce waste product, the material of increasing material manufacture is valuable and often cannot reuse, the problem that processing brings huge economic loss.
The technical scheme is that a kind of based on the online layer detection method increasing material manufacture processing, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step 1): material forming, specifically, process the shaping carrying out one or more layers material to be detected on table top in equipment；
Step 2): planar detector and information process analysis, it is specially, sensor moved above the material to be detected to close shaping and planar move scanning, and the signal synchronized transmission detected to detection equipment will carry out signal processing, synchronize, after detection equipment will process, the information data that obtain sends and carries out signal analysis to backstage signal analysis and processing main frame, store, differentiate, when detecting that moulding material has defect, then signal analysis and processing main frame in backstage is reported to the police；When moulding material zero defect being detected, sensor continues to move to sweep super, after treating scanning, and mobile return；
Step 3): on the moulding material detected, proceed one or more layers material forming to be detected lower；
Step 4): in step 3) on one or more layers moulding material to be detected lower of obtaining by above-mentioned steps 2) in operation form the detection of material；
Step 5): repeat the above steps 3) and step 4) operation.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: easy to use, detection is reliable, the whole detection of complex parts can be separated into the two dimensional surface being prone to scanning detection, check frequency is completely eliminated, and the defect on two dimensional surface can be accurately positioned, timely and conveniently defect it is removed or repairs rectification, the situation avoiding the complete defect of part monolithic molding cannot remove after being detected and to scrap occurs, and is with a wide range of applications.
On the basis of technique scheme, the present invention can also do following improvement.
Further, the sensor is permanent magnetism Disturbance Detection sensor or ultrasonic sensor or infrared sensor.
Use is relatively more flexible to use above-mentioned further scheme to provide the benefit that, different detectors can be selected to use according to material behavior.
Further, when the sensor is permanent magnetism Disturbance Detection sensor, above-mentioned moulding material number of plies l to be detected is, l=1, and this layer of moulding material thickness d is, 0mm ＜ d≤4mm.
The beneficial effect using above-mentioned further scheme is so that detection is the most accurate.
Further, when the sensor is ultrasonic sensor, above-mentioned moulding material number of plies l to be detected is, 5≤l≤20, and its moulding material gross thickness d is, 15mm≤d≤60mm.
The beneficial effect using above-mentioned further scheme is so that detection is the most accurate.
Further, when the sensor is infrared sensor, above-mentioned moulding material number of plies l to be detected is, 1≤l≤5, and its moulding material gross thickness d is, 0mm ＜ d≤15mm.
The beneficial effect using above-mentioned further scheme is so that detection is the most accurate.
Further, above-mentioned steps 2) in detection equipment be nondestructive testing instrument.
Use above-mentioned further scheme provide the benefit that operate with more convenient.
Detailed description of the invention
Principle and feature to the present invention are described below, and example is served only for explaining the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment: comprising the following steps based on the online layer detection method increasing material manufacture processing of the present embodiment:
Step 1): material forming, specifically, process the shaping carrying out one or more layers material to be detected on table top in equipment；
Step 2): planar detector and information process analysis, it is specially, sensor moved above the material to be detected to close shaping and planar move scanning, and be amplified successively in the signal synchronized transmission detected to detection equipment, filtering etc. is processed, synchronize, after detection equipment will process, the information data that obtain sends to backstage signal analysis and processing main frame and carries out signal analysis, stores, differentiates, when detecting that moulding material has defect, then signal analysis and processing main frame in backstage is reported to the police；When moulding material zero defect being detected, sensor continues to move to scanning, after treating scanning, and mobile return；
Step 3): on the moulding material detected, proceed one or more layers material forming to be detected lower；
Step 4): in step 3) on one or more layers moulding material to be detected lower of obtaining by above-mentioned steps 2) in operation form the detection of material；
Step 5): repeat the above steps 3) and step 4) operation.
Above-mentioned sensor is arranged in the drive mechanism increasing the material forming nozzle that material manufactures equipment (such as 3D printer), it is synchronized with the movement with nozzle, drive more convenient, after using nozzle ejection fluent material to shape, control drive mechanism band dynamic sensor moving above moulding material, material is detected, it detects mainly for the seriality of moulding material, as to internal or the pore on surface, crackle, the defects such as field trash detect, if detecting above-mentioned condition, then just successively defect is repaired, avoid and carry out after part multilayer processing completes detecting the problem generation that defect cannot carry out limited repairing.
The sensor is permanent magnetism Disturbance Detection sensor or ultrasonic sensor or infrared sensor.
The sensor also can be selected for X-ray sensor or other are suitable to the sensor of defect Non-Destructive Testing.
Further, when the sensor is permanent magnetism Disturbance Detection sensor, above-mentioned moulding material number of plies l to be detected is, l=1, this layer of moulding material thickness d is, 0mm ＜ d≤4mm, the signal that sensor detects is sent to detection equipment, amplified, filtering etc. pass data to backstage signal analysis and processing main frame, and forming curves variation diagram on the signal analysis and processing main frame of backstage after processing, and intuitively show according to peak of curve size and detect to obtain situation at the enterprising parallel planes of moulding material.
Further, when the sensor is ultrasonic sensor, above-mentioned moulding material number of plies l to be detected is, 5≤l≤20, its moulding material gross thickness d is, 15mm≤d≤60mm, and the signal that sensor detects is sent to detection equipment, amplified, filtering etc. pass information to backstage signal analysis and processing main frame after processing, and directly display with pictorial form on the signal analysis and processing main frame of backstage.
Further, when the sensor is infrared sensor, above-mentioned moulding material number of plies l to be detected is, 1≤l≤5, its moulding material gross thickness d is, 0mm ＜ d≤15mm, and the signal that sensor detects is sent to detection equipment, amplified, filtering etc. pass information to backstage signal analysis and processing main frame after processing, and show, on the signal analysis and processing main frame of backstage, the image detected.
Preferably, above-mentioned steps 2) in detection equipment be nondestructive testing instrument, above-mentioned nondestructive testing instrument 6 carries out selecting its specification, shape number according to On-the-spot factors such as increasing the material behavior of material manufacture, physical dimension, processing mode.
Above-mentioned sensor can also use the drive mechanism being provided separately within increasing material manufacture equipment to drive it to move, more convenient control, operation.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. made, should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. one kind based on increase material manufacture processing online layer detection method, it is characterised in that include with
Lower step:
Step 1): material forming, treat specifically, carry out one or more layers on processing table top in equipment
The shaping of detection material；
Step 2): planar detector and information process analysis, specifically, sensor is moved to shaping
Material to be detected above and planar move scanning, and by the signal synchronized transmission that detects extremely
Carrying out signal processing in detection equipment, synchronize, the information data that detection equipment obtains after processing sends extremely
Backstage signal analysis and processing main frame carries out signal analysis, stores, differentiates, when detecting that moulding material has
During defect, then signal analysis and processing main frame in backstage is reported to the police；When moulding material zero defect being detected, sensing
Device continues to move to scanning, after treating scanning, and mobile return；
Step 3): on the moulding material detected, proceed one or more layers material to be detected lower become
Shape；
Step 4): in step 3) on one or more layers moulding material to be detected lower of obtaining by above-mentioned step
Rapid 2) operation in forms the detection of material；
Step 5): repeat the above steps 3) and step 4) operation.
It is the most according to claim 1 a kind of based on increasing the online layer detection method that material manufacture is processed,
It is characterized in that: described sensor is permanent magnetism Disturbance Detection sensor or ultrasonic sensor or infrared sensing
Device.
It is the most according to claim 2 a kind of based on increasing the online layer detection method that material manufacture is processed,
It is characterized in that: when described sensor is permanent magnetism Disturbance Detection sensor, described shaping material to be detected
Bed of material number l is, l=1, and this layer of moulding material thickness d is, 0mm ＜ d≤4mm.
It is the most according to claim 2 a kind of based on increasing the online layer detection method that material manufacture is processed,
It is characterized in that: when described sensor is ultrasonic sensor, the described moulding material number of plies to be detected
L is, 5≤l≤20, and its moulding material gross thickness d is, 15mm≤d≤60mm.
It is the most according to claim 2 a kind of based on increasing the online layer detection method that material manufacture is processed,
It is characterized in that: when described sensor is infrared sensor, described moulding material number of plies l to be detected
For, 1≤l≤5, its moulding material gross thickness d is, 0mm ＜ d≤15mm.
6. according to a kind of based on increasing material manufacture processing online point described in any one of claim 1 to 5
Layer detection method, it is characterised in that: described step 2) in detection equipment be nondestructive testing instrument.
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| CN106670736A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-05-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Lamination manufacturing method for large-size and complex-structure metal component |
| CN106770634A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-05-31 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of metal material high energy beam increases and decreases the online EDDY CURRENT combined machining method of material |
| CN106872492A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-06-20 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of increasing material manufacturing high-accuracy self-adaptation three dimensional lossless detection method |
| CN107014897A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-08-04 | 爱德森（厦门）电子有限公司 | A kind of increasing material manufacturing ferromagnetic metal product quality performance monitoring device and method |
| CN107064292A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-08-18 | 爱德森（厦门）电子有限公司 | A kind of increasing material manufacturing non-ferromagnetic metal product quality performance monitoring device and method |
| CN107937910A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-04-20 | 西安交通大学 | The defects of a kind of laser metal cladding Rapid Prototyping Process detection device and detection and restorative procedure |
| CN109187755A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2019-01-11 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of online supersonic damage-free detection method based on 3D printing |
| CN109269986A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-01-25 | 东南大学 | Phased-array laser ultrasonic testing system |
| CN110052835A (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2019-07-26 | 南方科技大学 | Increase and decrease material intelligent manufacturing system and the manufacturing method using the system |
| CN110125396A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-08-16 | 江苏大学 | Method and apparatus based on permanent magnetism Disturbance Detection electric arc increase and decrease material processing and manufacturing precision |
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| CN111207986A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-05-29 | 中国航发上海商用航空发动机制造有限责任公司 | Non-destructive testing method for non-fusion defect, testing standard part and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN106670736A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-05-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Lamination manufacturing method for large-size and complex-structure metal component |
| CN106670736B (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2018-09-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of layered manufacturing method of coarse scale structures complexity metal component |
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| CN106770634A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-05-31 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of metal material high energy beam increases and decreases the online EDDY CURRENT combined machining method of material |
| CN106872492B (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2019-10-22 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of increasing material manufacturing high-accuracy self-adaptation three dimensional lossless detection method |
| CN106872492A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-06-20 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of increasing material manufacturing high-accuracy self-adaptation three dimensional lossless detection method |
| CN107014897A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-08-04 | 爱德森（厦门）电子有限公司 | A kind of increasing material manufacturing ferromagnetic metal product quality performance monitoring device and method |
| CN107064292A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-08-18 | 爱德森（厦门）电子有限公司 | A kind of increasing material manufacturing non-ferromagnetic metal product quality performance monitoring device and method |
| CN107937910A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-04-20 | 西安交通大学 | The defects of a kind of laser metal cladding Rapid Prototyping Process detection device and detection and restorative procedure |
| CN110052835A (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2019-07-26 | 南方科技大学 | Increase and decrease material intelligent manufacturing system and the manufacturing method using the system |
| CN109187755A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2019-01-11 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of online supersonic damage-free detection method based on 3D printing |
| CN109187755B (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2020-05-22 | 西安交通大学 | Online ultrasonic nondestructive testing method based on 3D printing |
| CN109269986A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-01-25 | 东南大学 | Phased-array laser ultrasonic testing system |
| CN110125396A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-08-16 | 江苏大学 | Method and apparatus based on permanent magnetism Disturbance Detection electric arc increase and decrease material processing and manufacturing precision |
| CN110954542A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-04-03 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | Defect detection device, defect detection system and defect detection method for additive manufacturing |
| CN111207986A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-05-29 | 中国航发上海商用航空发动机制造有限责任公司 | Non-destructive testing method for non-fusion defect, testing standard part and manufacturing method thereof |
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