CN105803371A - Hot galvanizing furnace hearth composite alloy and implementation process - Google Patents
Hot galvanizing furnace hearth composite alloy and implementation process Download PDFInfo
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- CN105803371A CN105803371A CN201610351128.1A CN201610351128A CN105803371A CN 105803371 A CN105803371 A CN 105803371A CN 201610351128 A CN201610351128 A CN 201610351128A CN 105803371 A CN105803371 A CN 105803371A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C18/00—Alloys based on zinc
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C18/00—Alloys based on zinc
- C22C18/04—Alloys based on zinc with aluminium as the next major constituent
Abstract
The invention provides hot galvanizing furnace hearth composite alloy and an implementation process. The hot galvanizing furnace hearth composite alloy comprises, by weight, 96.9%-99.85% of zinc, 0.08%-1.0% of aluminum, 0-0.14% of nickel, 0-1.0% of manganese, 0-0.12% of silicon, 0-2.0% of magnesium, 0-0.5% of rare earth lanthanum and 0-1.0% of rare earth cerium. The implementation process includes the steps of burdening, smelting, plating part treatment, hot galvanizing and the like. According to the hot galvanizing furnace hearth composite alloy, the materials have excellent corrosion resistance and comprehensive mechanical property, the structure and performance are stable, and the quality can be guaranteed to meet the requirements for current national standard; the preparation method is simple, the cost can be effectively controlled, and the market prospect is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to steel industry anticorrosion technique field, be specifically related to a kind of method galvanizing molten bath composite alloy and implementation process.
Background technology
Galvanizing comes from the mid-eighteenth century; it it is the steel surface processing method that current application is the most extensive, cost performance is optimum; its principle is that the standard electrode potential utilizing zinc is defeated by ferrum; in water and malaria; sacrifice the zinc coat as anode thus realizing the effect of protection base steel, thus reaching greatly to extend the service life of steel.Hot dip galvanizing process is compared with other anti-corrosion method for metal, at coating electrochemical protection, compactness of electroplating, coating durability, the non-maintaining property of coating, coating and basal body binding force, coating economy and hot plating technology are to steel part shape, the adaptability of size, it is incomparable that the aspects such as the high efficiency produced have other techniques, advantageous advantage, therefore, it is widely used in chemical industry equipment, PETROLEUM PROCESSING, seafari, metal structure, power transmission, the industries such as shipbuilding, spray at agriculture field such as pesticide in recent years, greenhouse and building industry such as water and coal gas are carried, cable conduct, scaffold, bridge, the aspects such as highway barrier are also used in large quantities.
The corrosion inhibitor of iron and steel is lengthened the life by galvanizing product, energy-saving material-saving plays inestimable and irreplaceable effect, and electroplated steel products is also the high added value undersupplied product that country fosters and first develops simultaneously.Along with China's high voltage power transmission, traffic, communication career develop rapidly, steel and iron parts requirement of shelter is more and more higher, galvanizing demand is also continuously increased, and China's galvanizing market is by sustainable growth, and galvanizing processing market development prospect is boundless. but China's major part galvanization production line all produces a great deal of cadmia and zinc gray every year.Zinc content in these cadmias and zinc gray is up to 90%-95%, and consumed zinc about takies the 20%-35% of zinc total amount, and can cause shortening life of galvanizing pot and affect many impacts such as zinc coating quality.Additionally, China's alloying process is relatively weak, current domestic current hot-dip galvanized alloy technique is very simple, and traditional hot dip galvanizing process exists that production efficiency is not high, alloying component is uneven, cadmia zinc gray productivity high, plating quality does not meet the problems such as national standard.Along with the development of ferrous materials and to the higher harsher requirement of corrosion resistance of coating, utilize conventional thermal galvanizing technique can not be met the coating of requirement.Therefore, it is currently needed for strengthening studying new formula and optimizing the technology such as hot dip galvanizing process, particularly alloying process, cadmia control, quality of coating control, to improve yield and product quality, thus improving the market competitiveness of domestic galvanizing enterprise.
Summary of the invention
For the problem in background technology, the present invention provides a kind of galvanizing molten bath composite alloy and implementation process.The material of the present invention has good corrosion-resistant and comprehensive mechanical property, tissue and stable performance, it is possible to ensure that galvanized part quality meets existing GB and industry requirement.
The present invention is achieved in that
A kind of galvanizing molten bath composite alloy, including the raw material of following percentage by weight: zinc 96.9～99.85%, aluminum 0.08～1.0%, nickel 0～0.14%, manganese 0～1.0%, silicon 0～0.12%, magnesium 0～2.0%, Rare Earth Lanthanum 0～0.5%, cerium 0～1.0%.
The implementation process of above-mentioned galvanizing molten bath composite alloy, comprises the following steps:
(1) dispensing: weigh raw material by above-mentioned percentage by weight: zinc 96.9～99.85%, aluminum 0.08～1.0%, nickel 0～0.14%, manganese 0～1.0%, silicon 0～0.12%, magnesium 0～2.0%, Rare Earth Lanthanum 0～0.5%, cerium 0～1.0%；
(2) melting: raw material than zinc first uses vacuum arc furnace melting to become composite alloy, then put heating in crucible electrical resistance furnace into zinc and make it melt, and with quartz glass bar stir, degasification, standing, it is thus achieved that molten bath composite alloy solution；
(3) plating piece processes: the smooth cleaning in plating piece top layer processes, alkali cleaning and defat, pickling and rinsing, help plating and drying；
(4) galvanizing: molten bath composite alloy clears up top layer zinc gray in time after fully melting in step (2), the plating piece handled well put in molten bath with hawkbill and take out after immersion plating, during immersion plating, vibration plating piece is sufficiently adhering to plating piece surface by coating back and forth up and down, immersion plating is near completion front left and right vibration plating piece to swing out the thin zinc gray in zinc liquid top layer, and vertically take out plating piece, through rapid water spraying cooling, cleaning after extension zinc, ultimately form galvanizing finished product.
Preferably, in step (2), described vacuum arc furnace ignition is to carry out composite alloy melting under argon atmosphere, and the fusion temperature of crucible electrical resistance furnace is set to 450～460 DEG C.
Preferably, in step (3), the naoh concentration that in the process of described plating piece, alkali cleaning uses is 150g/L, and temperature is 60～80 DEG C, and the time is 10 minutes；The concentration of hydrochloric acid of pickling is 15%, and temperature is 30～40 DEG C, and the time is 10 minutes；The quickening liquid composition helping plating is: ZnCl2120g/L、NH4Cl180g/L, temperature is 60～80 DEG C, and the time is 5 minutes；2～3 minutes drying times, make plating piece fully dry and preheat, carrying out immersion plating after drying as early as possible, in order to avoid plating piece surface fluxing agent gets damp.
Preferably, in step (4), the time of described immersion plating is 30～50 seconds.
Principles of the invention is:
Adopt the coordination optimization effect of the metal of aluminum, nickel, manganese, silicon, magnesium, lanthanum, cerium etc. compound anti-oxidation and rare earth constituent element, it is thus achieved that a kind of excellent surface brightness, dense structure, matrix is formed good wet and adhesion effect, there is the coating of favorable comprehensive mechanical property and highly corrosion resistant.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the advantage that
1, the material of the present invention has excellent surface brightness, dense structure, matrix is formed good wet and adhesion effect.
2, the material of the present invention has good and stable decay resistance, and average corrosion coefficient reaches 0.11mm/a, it is possible to meet steel products requirement.
3, the material of the present invention has good comprehensive mechanical property.
4, the present invention is raw materials used and proportioning, can at relatively low fusion temperature and the coating preparing excellent performance under the shorter immersion plating time, it is possible to effectively control the generation amount of zinc gray and cadmia, saves energy consumption and cost.
5, the material cost of the present invention is reasonable, it is simple, superior in quality to prepare, and has good market prospect.
Detailed description of the invention
Describe a kind of galvanizing molten bath composite alloy and the implementation process of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, these descriptions are not that present invention is further limited.
Embodiment 1
A kind of galvanizing molten bath composite alloy, including the raw material of following percentage by weight: zinc 99.78%, aluminum 0.08%, nickel 0.14%.
The implementation process of above-mentioned galvanizing molten bath composite alloy, comprises the following steps:
(1) dispensing: weigh raw material by above-mentioned percentage by weight；
(2) melting: al and ni first uses vacuum arc furnace melting to become alumel, zinc to put into and is heated into after zinc liquid to add alumel fusing in crucible electrical resistance furnace, and with quartz glass bar stir, degasification, standing, it is thus achieved that molten bath composite alloy solution；
(3) plating piece processes: the smooth cleaning in plating piece top layer processes, alkali cleaning and defat, pickling and rinsing, help plating and drying；
(4) galvanizing: molten bath composite alloy clears up top layer zinc gray in time after fully melting in step (2), the plating piece handled well put in molten bath with hawkbill and take out after immersion plating, during immersion plating can up and down back and forth vibration plating piece be sufficiently adhering to plating piece surface by coating, immersion plating is near completion front left and right vibration plating piece to swing out the thin zinc gray in zinc liquid top layer, and vertically take out plating piece, through rapid water spraying cooling, cleaning after extension zinc, ultimately form galvanizing finished product.
In step (2), described vacuum arc furnace ignition is to carry out composite alloy melting under argon atmosphere, and the fusion temperature of crucible electrical resistance furnace is set to 450 DEG C.In step (3), the naoh concentration that in the process of described plating piece, alkali cleaning uses is 150g/L, and temperature is 80 DEG C, and the time is 10 minutes；The concentration of hydrochloric acid of pickling is 15%, and temperature is 40 DEG C, and the time is 10 minutes；The quickening liquid composition helping plating is: ZnCl2120g/L, NH4Cl180g/L, temperature is 80 DEG C, and the time is 5 minutes；2 minutes drying times, make plating piece fully dry and preheat, carrying out immersion plating after drying as early as possible, in order to avoid plating piece surface fluxing agent gets damp.In step (4), the time of described immersion plating is 30 seconds.
Adopting Zeiss EVO18 scanning electron microscope that prepared galvanizing material is carried out coating microstructure and composition test, surface is without plating leakage, and brightness is good, and coating microstructure is fine and close, matrix is formed good wet and adhesion effect.
Embodiment 2
A kind of galvanizing molten bath composite alloy, including the raw material of following percentage by weight: zinc 99.70%, aluminum 0.12%, nickel 0.10%, lanthanum 0.024%, cerium 0.056%.
The implementation process of above-mentioned galvanizing molten bath composite alloy, comprises the following steps:
(1) dispensing: weigh raw material by above-mentioned percentage by weight；
(2) melting: aluminum, nickel, lanthanum first use with cerium vacuum arc furnace melting to become composite alloy, zinc to put into and be heated into after zinc liquid to add composite alloy fusing in crucible electrical resistance furnace, and with quartz glass bar stir, degasification, standing；
(3) plating piece processes: the smooth cleaning in plating piece top layer processes, alkali cleaning and defat, pickling and rinsing, help plating and drying；
(4) galvanizing: molten bath composite alloy clears up top layer zinc gray in time after fully melting, plating piece put in molten bath with hawkbill and take out after immersion plating, during immersion plating, vibration allows coating be sufficiently adhering to plating piece surface back and forth up and down, immersion plating is near completion front left and right vibration to swing out the thin zinc gray in zinc liquid top layer, and vertically take out plating piece, through rapid water spraying cooling, cleaning after extension zinc, ultimately form galvanizing finished product.
In step (2), described vacuum arc furnace ignition is to carry out composite alloy melting under argon atmosphere, and the fusion temperature of crucible electrical resistance furnace is set to 460 DEG C.In step (3), the naoh concentration that in the process of described plating piece, alkali cleaning uses is 150g/L, and temperature is 80 DEG C, and the time is 10 minutes；The concentration of hydrochloric acid of pickling is 15%, and temperature is 40 DEG C, and the time is 10 minutes；The quickening liquid composition helping plating is: ZnCl2120g/L, NH4Cl180g/L, temperature is 80 DEG C, and the time is 5 minutes；2 minutes drying times, make plating piece fully dry and preheat, immersion plating should be carried out after drying as early as possible, in order to avoid plating piece surface fluxing agent gets damp.In step (4), the time of described immersion plating is 30 seconds.
Adopting Zeiss EVO18 scanning electron microscope that prepared galvanizing material is carried out coating microstructure and composition test, surface is without plating leakage, and coating microstructure is fine and close, present rule hexagonal casting shape crystal grain, matrix is formed good wet and adhesion effect.
Embodiment 3
A kind of galvanizing molten bath composite alloy, including the raw material of following percentage by weight: zinc 99.75%, aluminum 0.15%, nickel 0.10%.
The implementation process of above-mentioned galvanizing molten bath composite alloy, comprises the following steps:
(1) dispensing: weigh raw material by above-mentioned percentage by weight；
(2) melting: aluminum, nickel first use vacuum arc furnace melting to become composite alloy, zinc to put into and is heated into after zinc liquid to add composite alloy fusing in crucible electrical resistance furnace, and with quartz glass bar stir, degasification, standing；
(3) plating piece processes: the smooth cleaning in plating piece top layer processes, alkali cleaning and defat, pickling and rinsing, help plating and drying；
(4) galvanizing: molten bath composite alloy clears up top layer zinc gray in time after fully melting, plating piece put in molten bath with hawkbill and take out after immersion plating, during immersion plating can up and down back and forth vibration allow coating be sufficiently adhering to plating piece surface, immersion plating is near completion front left and right vibration to swing out the thin zinc gray in zinc liquid top layer, and vertically take out plating piece, through rapid water spraying cooling, cleaning after extension zinc, ultimately form galvanizing finished product.
In step (2), described vacuum arc furnace ignition is to carry out composite alloy melting under argon atmosphere, and the fusion temperature of crucible electrical resistance furnace is set to 450 DEG C.In step (3), the naoh concentration that in the process of described plating piece, alkali cleaning uses is 150g/L, and temperature is 80 DEG C, and the time is 10 minutes；The concentration of hydrochloric acid of pickling is 15%, and temperature is 40 DEG C, and the time is 10 minutes；The quickening liquid composition helping plating is: ZnCl2120g/L, NH4Cl180g/L, temperature is 80 DEG C, and the time is 5 minutes；2 minutes drying times, make plating piece fully dry and preheat, carrying out immersion plating after drying as early as possible, in order to avoid plating piece surface fluxing agent gets damp.In step (4), the time of described immersion plating is 30 seconds.
Prepared galvanizing material is carried out coating microstructure with XD-3X x ray diffractometer x by Zeiss EVO18 scanning electron microscope, composition is tested mutually with thing in employing, and cadmia is few, and surface, without plating leakage, generates even compact FeZn10Phase intermediate deposit tissue, matrix is formed the structure of good wet and adhesion effect.
Embodiment 4
A kind of galvanizing molten bath composite alloy, including the raw material of following percentage by weight: zinc 99.35%, aluminum 0.15%, lanthanum 0.50%.
The implementation process of above-mentioned galvanizing molten bath composite alloy, comprises the following steps:
(1) dispensing: weigh raw material by above-mentioned percentage by weight；
(2) melting: aluminum, lanthanum first use vacuum arc furnace melting to become composite alloy, zinc to put into and be heated into after zinc liquid to add composite alloy fusing in crucible electrical resistance furnace, and with quartz glass bar stir, degasification, standing；
(3) plating piece processes: the smooth cleaning in plating piece top layer processes, alkali cleaning and defat, pickling and rinsing, help plating and drying；
(4) galvanizing: molten bath composite alloy clears up top layer zinc gray in time after fully melting, plating piece put in molten bath with hawkbill and take out after immersion plating, during immersion plating can up and down back and forth vibration allow coating be sufficiently adhering to plating piece surface, immersion plating is near completion front left and right vibration to swing out the thin zinc gray in zinc liquid top layer, and vertically take out plating piece, through rapid water spraying cooling, cleaning after extension zinc, ultimately form galvanizing finished product.
In step (2), described vacuum arc furnace ignition is to carry out composite alloy melting under argon atmosphere, and the fusion temperature of crucible electrical resistance furnace is set to 455 DEG C.In step (3), the naoh concentration that in the process of described plating piece, alkali cleaning uses is 150g/L, and temperature is 65 DEG C, and the time is 10 minutes；The concentration of hydrochloric acid of pickling is 15%, and temperature is 40 DEG C, and the time is 10 minutes；The quickening liquid composition helping plating is: ZnCl2120g/L, NH4Cl180g/L, temperature is 65 DEG C, and the time is 5 minutes；3 minutes drying times, make plating piece fully dry and preheat, carrying out immersion plating after drying as early as possible, in order to avoid plating piece surface fluxing agent gets damp.In step (4), the time of described immersion plating is 50 seconds.
Adopt Zeiss EVO18 scanning electron microscope that prepared galvanizing material is carried out coating microstructure and composition test, surface-brightening, coating microstructure even compact；Adopting JK-90B neutrality smoke test machine that prepared galvanizing material carries out performance test, simulate marine salt mist corrosion environment, its average corrosion rate is 0.284mm/a.
Embodiment 5
A kind of galvanizing molten bath composite alloy, including the raw material of following percentage by weight: zinc 96.9%, aluminum 1.0%, magnesium 2.0%, lanthanum 0.1%.
The implementation process of above-mentioned galvanizing molten bath composite alloy, comprises the following steps:
(1) dispensing: weigh raw material by above-mentioned percentage by weight；
(2) melting: aluminum, magnesium first use with lanthanum vacuum arc furnace melting to become composite alloy, zinc to put into and is heated into after zinc liquid to add composite alloy fusing in crucible electrical resistance furnace, and with quartz glass bar stir, degasification, standing；
(3) plating piece processes: the smooth cleaning in plating piece top layer processes, alkali cleaning and defat, pickling and rinsing, help plating and drying；
(4) galvanizing: molten bath composite alloy clears up top layer zinc gray in time after fully melting, plating piece put in molten bath with hawkbill and take out after immersion plating, during immersion plating can up and down back and forth vibration allow coating be sufficiently adhering to plating piece surface, immersion plating is near completion front left and right vibration to swing out the thin zinc gray in zinc liquid top layer, and vertically take out plating piece, through rapid water spraying cooling, cleaning after extension zinc, ultimately form galvanizing finished product.
In step (2), described vacuum arc furnace ignition is to carry out composite alloy melting under argon atmosphere, and the fusion temperature of crucible electrical resistance furnace is set to 450～460 DEG C.In step (3), the naoh concentration that in the process of described plating piece, alkali cleaning uses is 150g/L, and temperature is 70 DEG C, and the time is 10 minutes；The concentration of hydrochloric acid of pickling is 15%, and temperature is 35 DEG C, and the time is 10 minutes；The quickening liquid composition helping plating is: ZnCl2120g/L, NH4Cl180g/L, temperature is 60 DEG C, and the time is 5 minutes；2 minutes drying times, make plating piece fully dry and preheat, carrying out immersion plating after drying as early as possible, in order to avoid plating piece surface fluxing agent gets damp.In step (4), the time of described immersion plating is 30 seconds.
Adopting Zeiss EVO18 scanning electron microscope that prepared galvanizing material is carried out coating microstructure and composition test, surface-brightening, coating microstructure is uniform；Adopt JK-90B neutrality smoke test machine and LK2010 electrochemical workstation that prepared galvanizing material is carried out corrosive nature test, corrosion in simulation marine salt mist corrosion environment and electrolyte solution, its average corrosion rate is 0.11mm/a, corrosion potential is-1.028V, and corrosion current density is 0.08A.
Embodiment 6
A kind of galvanizing molten bath composite alloy, including the raw material of following percentage by weight: zinc 99.81%, aluminum 0.15%, nickel 0.04%.
The implementation process of above-mentioned galvanizing molten bath composite alloy, comprises the following steps:
(1) dispensing: weigh raw material by above-mentioned percentage by weight；
(2) melting: aluminum, nickel first use vacuum arc furnace melting to become composite alloy, zinc to put into and is heated into after zinc liquid to add composite alloy fusing in crucible electrical resistance furnace, and with quartz glass bar stir, degasification, standing；
(3) plating piece processes: the smooth cleaning in plating piece top layer processes, alkali cleaning and defat, pickling and rinsing, help plating and drying；
(4) galvanizing: molten bath composite alloy clears up top layer zinc gray in time after fully melting, plating piece put in molten bath with hawkbill and take out after immersion plating, during immersion plating can up and down back and forth vibration allow coating be sufficiently adhering to plating piece surface, immersion plating is near completion front left and right vibration to swing out the thin zinc gray in zinc liquid top layer, and vertically take out plating piece, through rapid water spraying cooling, cleaning after extension zinc, ultimately form galvanizing finished product.
In step (2), described vacuum arc furnace ignition is to carry out composite alloy melting under argon atmosphere, and the fusion temperature of crucible electrical resistance furnace is set to 450～460 DEG C.In step (3), the naoh concentration that in the process of described plating piece, alkali cleaning uses is 150g/L, and temperature is 65 DEG C, and the time is 10 minutes；The concentration of hydrochloric acid of pickling is 15%, and temperature is 40 DEG C, and the time is 10 minutes；The quickening liquid composition helping plating is: ZnCl2120g/L, NH4Cl180g/L, temperature is 75 DEG C, and the time is 5 minutes；3 minutes drying times, make plating piece fully dry and preheat, carrying out immersion plating after drying as early as possible, in order to avoid plating piece surface fluxing agent gets damp.In step (4), the time of described immersion plating is 50 seconds.
Adopt Zeiss EVO18 scanning electron microscope that prepared galvanizing material is carried out coating microstructure, composition test, coating microstructure even compact；Adopt WDW-100E electronic universal tester, JB-S300C shock machine, HB-3000B Brinell hardness tester and HR-150A Rockwell apparatus that prepared galvanizing material is carried out Mechanics Performance Testing, plasticity index elongation after fracture improves 5%, tensile strength promotes 5%, comprcssive strength improves 15%, impact flexibility improves 20%, and hardness reduces about 5%.
Embodiment 7
A kind of galvanizing molten bath composite alloy, including the raw material of following percentage by weight: zinc 99.79%, aluminum 0.15%, nickel 0.06%.
The implementation process of above-mentioned galvanizing molten bath composite alloy, comprises the following steps:
(1) dispensing: weigh raw material by above-mentioned percentage by weight；
(2) melting: aluminum, nickel first use vacuum arc furnace melting to become composite alloy, zinc to put into and is heated into after zinc liquid to add composite alloy fusing in crucible electrical resistance furnace, and with quartz glass bar stir, degasification, standing；
(3) plating piece processes: the smooth cleaning in plating piece top layer processes, alkali cleaning and defat, pickling and rinsing, help plating and drying；
(4) galvanizing: molten bath composite alloy clears up top layer zinc gray in time after fully melting, plating piece put in molten bath with hawkbill and take out after immersion plating, during immersion plating can up and down back and forth vibration allow coating be sufficiently adhering to plating piece surface, immersion plating is near completion front left and right vibration to swing out the thin zinc gray in zinc liquid top layer, and vertically take out plating piece, through rapid water spraying cooling, cleaning after extension zinc, ultimately form galvanizing finished product.
In step (2), described vacuum arc furnace ignition is to carry out composite alloy melting under argon atmosphere, and the fusion temperature of crucible electrical resistance furnace is set to 450～460 DEG C.In step (3), the naoh concentration that in the process of described plating piece, alkali cleaning uses is 150g/L, and temperature is 65 DEG C, and the time is 10 minutes；The concentration of hydrochloric acid of pickling is 15%, and temperature is 40 DEG C, and the time is 10 minutes；The quickening liquid composition helping plating is: ZnCl2120g/L, NH4Cl180g/L, temperature is 80 DEG C, and the time is 5 minutes；2 minutes drying times, make plating piece fully dry and preheat, carrying out immersion plating after drying as early as possible, in order to avoid plating piece surface fluxing agent gets damp.In step (4), the time of described immersion plating is 40 seconds.
Adopt Zeiss EVO18 scanning electron microscope that prepared galvanizing material is carried out coating microstructure, composition test, coating microstructure even compact；Adopt WDW-100E electronic universal tester, JB-S300C shock machine, HB-3000B Brinell hardness tester and HR-150A Rockwell apparatus that prepared galvanizing material is carried out Mechanics Performance Testing, tensile strength promotes 2%, comprcssive strength improves 9%, impact flexibility improves 28%, and hardness reduces about 2%.
Embodiment 8
A kind of galvanizing molten bath composite alloy, including the raw material of following percentage by weight: zinc 98.85%, aluminum 0.15%, manganese 1.00%.
The implementation process of above-mentioned galvanizing molten bath composite alloy, comprises the following steps:
(1) dispensing: weigh raw material by above-mentioned percentage by weight；
(2) melting: aluminum, manganese first use vacuum arc furnace melting to become composite alloy, zinc to put into and is heated into after zinc liquid to add composite alloy fusing in crucible electrical resistance furnace, and with quartz glass bar stir, degasification, standing；
(3) plating piece processes: the smooth cleaning in plating piece top layer processes, alkali cleaning and defat, pickling and rinsing, help plating and drying；
(4) galvanizing: molten bath composite alloy clears up top layer zinc gray in time after fully melting, plating piece put in molten bath with hawkbill and take out after immersion plating, during immersion plating can up and down back and forth vibration allow coating be sufficiently adhering to plating piece surface, immersion plating is near completion front left and right vibration to swing out the thin zinc gray in zinc liquid top layer, and vertically take out plating piece, through rapid water spraying cooling, cleaning after extension zinc, ultimately form galvanizing finished product.
In step (2), described vacuum arc furnace ignition is to carry out composite alloy melting under argon atmosphere, and the fusion temperature of crucible electrical resistance furnace is set to 450 DEG C.In step (3), the naoh concentration that in the process of described plating piece, alkali cleaning uses is 150g/L, and temperature is 65 DEG C, and the time is 10 minutes；The concentration of hydrochloric acid of pickling is 15%, and temperature is 40 DEG C, and the time is 10 minutes；The quickening liquid composition helping plating is: ZnCl2120g/L, NH4Cl180g/L, temperature is 65 DEG C, and the time is 5 minutes；3 minutes drying times, make plating piece fully dry and preheat, carrying out immersion plating after drying as early as possible, in order to avoid plating piece surface fluxing agent gets damp.In step (4), the time of described immersion plating is 50 seconds.
Adopting Zeiss EVO18 scanning electron microscope that prepared galvanizing material is carried out coating microstructure and composition test, surface-brightening, coating microstructure even compact, average thickness is big；Adopting JK-90B neutrality smoke test machine that prepared galvanizing material carries out performance test, simulate marine salt mist corrosion environment, its average corrosion rate is 0.283mm/a.
Embodiment 9
A kind of galvanizing molten bath composite alloy, including the raw material of following percentage by weight: zinc 99.68%, aluminum 0.20%, silicon 0.12%.
The implementation process of above-mentioned galvanizing molten bath composite alloy, comprises the following steps:
(1) dispensing: weigh raw material by above-mentioned percentage by weight；
(2) melting: aluminum, silicon become composite alloy, zinc to put into first by vacuum arc furnace melting to be heated into after zinc liquid to add composite alloy fusing in crucible electrical resistance furnace, and with quartz glass bar stir, degasification, standing；
(3) plating piece processes: the smooth cleaning in plating piece top layer processes, alkali cleaning and defat, pickling and rinsing, help plating and drying；
(4) galvanizing: molten bath composite alloy clears up top layer zinc gray in time after fully melting, plating piece put in molten bath with hawkbill and take out after immersion plating, during immersion plating can up and down back and forth vibration allow coating be sufficiently adhering to plating piece surface, immersion plating is near completion front left and right vibration to swing out the thin zinc gray in zinc liquid top layer, and vertically take out plating piece, through rapid water spraying cooling, cleaning after extension zinc, ultimately form galvanizing finished product.
In step (2), described vacuum arc furnace ignition is to carry out composite alloy melting under argon atmosphere, and the fusion temperature of crucible electrical resistance furnace is set to 450～460 DEG C.In step (3), the naoh concentration that in the process of described plating piece, alkali cleaning uses is 150g/L, and temperature is 80 DEG C, and the time is 10 minutes；The concentration of hydrochloric acid of pickling is 15%, and temperature is 40 DEG C, and the time is 10 minutes；The quickening liquid composition helping plating is: ZnCl2120g/L, NH4Cl180g/L, temperature is 80 DEG C, and the time is 5 minutes；2 minutes drying times, make plating piece fully dry and preheat, carrying out immersion plating after drying as early as possible, in order to avoid plating piece surface fluxing agent gets damp.In step (4), the time of described immersion plating is 30 seconds.
Adopting Zeiss EVO18 scanning electron microscope that prepared galvanizing material is carried out coating microstructure and composition test, surface is without plating leakage, and coating microstructure is fine and close, average thickness is big, suppress FeZn10The generation of phase, is beneficial to Al and Zn and generates eutectic coating, and economize in raw materials zinc, has control cost and improve antiseptic property in actual production.
Embodiment 10
A kind of galvanizing molten bath composite alloy, including the raw material of following percentage by weight: zinc 97.0%, aluminum 1.0%, magnesium 2.0%.
The implementation process of above-mentioned galvanizing molten bath composite alloy, comprises the following steps:
(1) dispensing: weigh raw material by above-mentioned percentage by weight；
(2) melting: aluminum, magnesium first use vacuum arc furnace melting to become composite alloy, zinc to put into and is heated into after zinc liquid to add composite alloy fusing in crucible electrical resistance furnace, and with quartz glass bar stir, degasification, standing；
(3) plating piece processes: the smooth cleaning in plating piece top layer processes, alkali cleaning and defat, pickling and rinsing, help plating and drying；
(4) galvanizing: molten bath composite alloy clears up top layer zinc gray in time after fully melting, plating piece put in molten bath with hawkbill and take out after immersion plating, during immersion plating can up and down back and forth vibration allow coating be sufficiently adhering to plating piece surface, immersion plating is near completion front left and right vibration to swing out the thin zinc gray in zinc liquid top layer, and vertically take out plating piece, through rapid water spraying cooling, cleaning after extension zinc, ultimately form galvanizing finished product.
In step (2), described vacuum arc furnace ignition is to carry out composite alloy melting under argon atmosphere, and the fusion temperature of crucible electrical resistance furnace is set to 450～460 DEG C.In step (3), the naoh concentration that in the process of described plating piece, alkali cleaning uses is 150g/L, and temperature is 70 DEG C, and the time is 10 minutes；The concentration of hydrochloric acid of pickling is 15%, and temperature is 35 DEG C, and the time is 10 minutes；The quickening liquid composition helping plating is: ZnCl2120g/L, NH4Cl180g/L, temperature is 60 DEG C, and the time is 5 minutes；2 minutes drying times, make plating piece fully dry and preheat, carrying out immersion plating after drying as early as possible, in order to avoid plating piece surface fluxing agent gets damp.In step (4), the time of described immersion plating is 30 seconds.
Adopting Zeiss EVO18 scanning electron microscope that prepared galvanizing material is carried out coating microstructure and composition test, molten bath mobility strengthens, and coating surface light, coating microstructure is uniform；Adopt JK-90B neutrality smoke test machine and LK2010 electrochemical workstation that prepared galvanizing material is carried out corrosive nature test, corrosion in simulation marine salt mist corrosion environment and electrolyte solution, its average corrosion rate is 0.22mm/a, corrosion potential is-1.109V, and corrosion current density is 0.03A.
Embodiment 11
A kind of galvanizing molten bath composite alloy, including the raw material of following percentage by weight: zinc 98.2%, aluminum 0.8%, cerium 1.0%.
The implementation process of above-mentioned galvanizing molten bath composite alloy, comprises the following steps:
(1) dispensing: weigh raw material by above-mentioned percentage by weight；
(2) melting: aluminum, cerium first use vacuum arc furnace melting to become composite alloy, zinc to put into and be heated into after zinc liquid to add composite alloy fusing in crucible electrical resistance furnace, and with quartz glass bar stir, degasification, standing；
(3) plating piece processes: the smooth cleaning in plating piece top layer processes, alkali cleaning and defat, pickling and rinsing, help plating and drying；
(4) galvanizing: molten bath composite alloy clears up top layer zinc gray in time after fully melting, plating piece put in molten bath with hawkbill and take out after immersion plating, during immersion plating can up and down back and forth vibration allow coating be sufficiently adhering to plating piece surface, immersion plating is near completion front left and right vibration to swing out the thin zinc gray in zinc liquid top layer, and vertically take out plating piece, through rapid water spraying cooling, cleaning after extension zinc, ultimately form galvanizing finished product.
In step (2), described vacuum arc furnace ignition is to carry out composite alloy melting under argon atmosphere, and the fusion temperature of crucible electrical resistance furnace is set to 460 DEG C.In step (3), the naoh concentration that in the process of described plating piece, alkali cleaning uses is 150g/L, and temperature is 80 DEG C, and the time is 10 minutes；The concentration of hydrochloric acid of pickling is 15%, and temperature is 35 DEG C, and the time is 10 minutes；The quickening liquid composition helping plating is: ZnCl2120g/L, NH4Cl180g/L, temperature is 60～80 DEG C, and the time is 5 minutes；2 minutes drying times, make plating piece fully dry and preheat, carrying out immersion plating after drying as early as possible, in order to avoid plating piece surface fluxing agent gets damp.In step (4), the time of described immersion plating is 50 seconds.
Adopt Zeiss EVO18 scanning electron microscope that prepared galvanizing material is carried out coating microstructure and composition test, coating microstructure even compact；Adopting JK-90B neutrality smoke test machine that prepared galvanizing plating piece carries out corrosive nature test, simulate marine salt mist corrosion environment, its average corrosion rate is 0.17mm/a.
Embodiment 12
A kind of galvanizing molten bath composite alloy, including the raw material of following percentage by weight: zinc 97.58%, aluminum 0.15%, nickel 0.10%, manganese 1.00%, silicon 0.06%, magnesium 1.00%, lanthanum 0.054%, cerium 0.056%.
The implementation process of above-mentioned galvanizing molten bath composite alloy, comprises the following steps:
(1) dispensing: weigh raw material by above-mentioned percentage by weight；
(2) melting: aluminum, nickel, manganese, silicon, magnesium, lanthanum first use with cerium vacuum arc furnace melting to become composite alloy, zinc to put into and be heated into after zinc liquid to add composite alloy fusing in crucible electrical resistance furnace, and with quartz glass bar stir, degasification, standing；
(3) plating piece processes: the smooth cleaning in plating piece top layer processes, alkali cleaning and defat, pickling and rinsing, help plating and drying；
(4) galvanizing: molten bath composite alloy clears up top layer zinc gray in time after fully melting, plating piece put in molten bath with hawkbill and take out after immersion plating, during immersion plating can up and down back and forth vibration allow coating be sufficiently adhering to plating piece surface, immersion plating is near completion front left and right vibration to swing out the thin zinc gray in zinc liquid top layer, and vertically take out plating piece, through rapid water spraying cooling, cleaning after extension zinc, ultimately form galvanizing finished product.
In step (2), described vacuum arc furnace ignition is to carry out composite alloy melting under argon atmosphere, and the fusion temperature of crucible electrical resistance furnace is set to 460 DEG C.In step (3), the naoh concentration that in the process of described plating piece, alkali cleaning uses is 150g/L, and temperature is 80 DEG C, and the time is 10 minutes；The concentration of hydrochloric acid of pickling is 15%, and temperature is 40 DEG C, and the time is 10 minutes；The quickening liquid composition helping plating is: ZnCl2120g/L, NH4Cl180g/L, temperature is 80 DEG C, and the time is 5 minutes；2 minutes drying times, make plating piece fully dry and preheat, carrying out immersion plating after drying as early as possible, in order to avoid plating piece surface fluxing agent gets damp.In step (4), the time of described immersion plating is 60 seconds.
Adopting Zeiss EVO18 scanning electron microscope that prepared galvanizing material is carried out coating microstructure observation, surface-brightening is without plating leakage, and coating microstructure is fine and close, matrix is formed good wet and adhesion effect.Adopt WDW-100E electronic universal tester, JB-S300C shock machine, HB-3000B Brinell hardness tester and HR-150A Rockwell apparatus that prepared galvanizing plating piece is carried out Mechanics Performance Testing, tensile strength promotes 5%, comprcssive strength improves 11%, impact flexibility improves 30%, and hardness reduces about 4%.Adopting JK-90B neutrality smoke test machine to carry out corrosive nature test, simulate marine salt mist corrosion environment, its average corrosion rate is 0.09mm/a.
Claims (5)
1. a galvanizing molten bath composite alloy, it is characterized in that, including the raw material of following percentage by weight: zinc 96.9～99.85%, aluminum 0.08～1.0%, nickel 0～0.14%, manganese 0～1.0%, silicon 0～0.12%, magnesium 0～2.0%, Rare Earth Lanthanum 0～0.5%, cerium 0～1.0%.
2. the implementation process of a galvanizing molten bath composite alloy, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) dispensing: weigh raw material by following percentage by weight: zinc 96.9～99.85%, aluminum 0.08～1.0%, nickel 0～0.14%, manganese 0～1.0%, silicon 0～0.12%, magnesium 0～2.0%, Rare Earth Lanthanum 0～0.5%, cerium 0～1.0%；
(2) melting: raw material than zinc first uses vacuum arc furnace melting to become composite alloy, then put heating in crucible electrical resistance furnace into zinc and make it melt, and with quartz glass bar stir, degasification, standing, it is thus achieved that molten bath composite alloy solution；
(3) plating piece processes: the smooth cleaning in plating piece top layer processes, alkali cleaning and defat, pickling and rinsing, help plating and drying；
(4) galvanizing: molten bath composite alloy clears up top layer zinc gray in time after fully melting in step (2), the plating piece handled well put in molten bath with hawkbill and take out after immersion plating, during immersion plating, vibration plating piece is sufficiently adhering to plating piece surface by coating back and forth up and down, immersion plating is near completion front left and right vibration plating piece to swing out the thin zinc gray in zinc liquid top layer, and vertically take out plating piece, through rapid water spraying cooling, cleaning after extension zinc, ultimately form galvanizing finished product.
3. the implementation process of galvanizing molten bath according to claim 2 composite alloy, it is characterised in that in step (2), described vacuum arc furnace ignition is to carry out composite alloy melting under argon atmosphere, and the fusion temperature of crucible electrical resistance furnace is set to 450～460 DEG C.
4. the implementation process of galvanizing molten bath according to claim 2 composite alloy, it is characterised in that in step (3), the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution that in the process of described plating piece, alkali cleaning uses is 150g/L, and temperature is 60～80 DEG C, and the time is 10 minutes；The concentration of hydrochloric acid solution of pickling is 15%, and temperature is 30～40 DEG C, and the time is 10 minutes；The quickening liquid composition helping plating is: ZnCl2120g/L、NH4Cl180g/L, temperature is 60～80 DEG C, and the time is 5 minutes；2～3 minutes drying times, make plating piece fully dry and preheat, carrying out immersion plating after drying as early as possible, in order to avoid plating piece surface fluxing agent gets damp.
5. the implementation process of galvanizing molten bath according to claim 2 composite alloy, it is characterised in that in step (4), the time of described immersion plating is 30～50 seconds.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106816195A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-06-09 | 东北大学 | Gamma ray shielding material and preparation method thereof |
| CN107541691A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2018-01-05 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | A kind of galvanizing flux containing rare earth and preparation method thereof |
| CN109468564A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-03-15 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | Hot forming Zn-based plating layer material, preparation method and hot dip coating method |
| CN113463003A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-10-01 | 杭州龙耀电力配件有限公司 | Plating assistant agent and hot galvanizing process applying same |
| CN114262856A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-01 | 新疆八钢佳域工业材料有限公司 | Production method of zinc-aluminum alloy suitable for hot-dip galvanized steel pipe |
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| CN103981474A (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2014-08-13 | 国家电网公司 | Highly anti-corrosion zinc-based alloy plating used for solvent method hot dipping of steel |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106816195A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-06-09 | 东北大学 | Gamma ray shielding material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113463003A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-10-01 | 杭州龙耀电力配件有限公司 | Plating assistant agent and hot galvanizing process applying same |
| CN114262856A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-01 | 新疆八钢佳域工业材料有限公司 | Production method of zinc-aluminum alloy suitable for hot-dip galvanized steel pipe |
| CN115354192A (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2022-11-18 | 辛集市澳森金属制品有限公司 | High-strength and high-toughness zinc-aluminum alloy galvanized wire and preparation method thereof |
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