CN105797737B - A kind of preparation method of three-way catalyst - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of three-way catalyst Download PDFInfo
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- CN105797737B CN105797737B CN201610268279.0A CN201610268279A CN105797737B CN 105797737 B CN105797737 B CN 105797737B CN 201610268279 A CN201610268279 A CN 201610268279A CN 105797737 B CN105797737 B CN 105797737B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/002—Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/83—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with rare earths or actinides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2523/00—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to auto-exhaust catalyst, a kind of specifically preparation method of three-way catalyst, it is included zirconium oxide, cerium oxide and nickel powder mixing and ball milling by mass fraction, and then addition alumina powder continuation ball milling, obtains composite powder；Composite powder is configured to slurry with deionized water, then carrier is immersed into drying, roasting, is then immersed in palladium bichloride ammonia solution, is taken out dry, roasting, obtain catalyst.The present invention refines catalyst fines particle by ball milling, its crystallite dimension reaches nanoscale；Meanwhile noble metal is substituted using transiting metal nickel part, since nickel is there are multiple states of oxidation, there is active redox property so that the activity of catalyst is improved, while reduces the cost of catalyst；The present invention carries out plating palladium also on carrier, and not only coating is uniform, fine and close, and chemical stability is good, and hardness is high, and lubricity is good, and wear-resistant and anti-scuffing function is strong.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to auto-exhaust catalyst, is specifically a kind of preparation method of three-way catalyst.
Background technology
With the increase of car ownership, CO, HC, NO that automobile is discharged into airXIt is more and more.At present, many states
Family has taken motor vehicle exhaust emission stringent control emission measure.Therefore the processing of vehicle exhaust has become important
Problem.In the prior art, the control to motor vehicle exhaust emission is realized by installing catalytic cleaner additional, and catalytic cleaner
Key be catalyst.Catalyst generally use three-decker is made of active component, washcoat and carrier.From rare earth calcium
Titanium ore oxide（PTO）Since tail gas catalyzed, since its A, B position can substitute and Lacking oxygen is produced, while such is urged
Agent has noble metal catalyst larger price advantage so that such catalyst becomes the hot spot of research.It is but existing single
The PTO catalytic performances of component are bad, stability is poor, it is impossible to meet increasingly serious motor vehicle exhaust emission pollution.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of preparation side of stable, the lower-cost three-way catalyst of performance
Method.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of preparation method of catalytic agent, it comprises the following steps：
（1）By mass fraction by zirconium oxide, cerium oxide and nickel powder mixing and ball milling, then add alumina powder and continue ball milling,
Obtain composite powder；
（2）Above-mentioned composite powder is configured to slurry with deionized water, then pretreated cordierite carrier is immersed and is starched
In material, then take out, and blow away slurry unnecessary in duct, then dried, roasted；
（3）Then carrier is immersed in palladium bichloride ammonia solution, then takes out dry, roasting, obtain catalyst.
Preferably, in the composite powder, zirconium oxide accounts for 4-8wt%, and cerium oxide accounts for 15-20wt%, nickel accounts for 2-
4wt%, surplus are aluminium oxide.
Preferably, the mixing and ball milling time is 30-50h, continuation Ball-milling Time is 20-40h.
Preferably, ball milling uses the rotating speed of 180-220r/min, ratio of grinding media to material is（9—10）:1.
Preferably, step（2）In the immersion time be 2min, using 130 DEG C of dry 3h, 600 DEG C of roasting 1h.
Preferably, step（3）The concentration of middle palladium bichloride ammonia solution is 1g/L, and the immersion time is 3h, using 120 DEG C of dryings
4h, 500 DEG C of roasting 2h.
As can be known from the above technical solutions, the present invention refines catalyst fines particle by ball milling, its crystallite dimension reaches
Nanoscale；Meanwhile noble metal is substituted using transiting metal nickel part, since nickel is there are multiple states of oxidation, there is active oxygen
Change reducing property so that the activity of catalyst is improved, while reduces the cost of catalyst；The present invention carries out also on carrier
Palladium is plated, not only coating is uniform, fine and close, and chemical stability is good, and hardness is high, and lubricity is good, wear-resistant and anti-scuffing function
By force.
Embodiment
The present invention is described more detail below, illustrative examples of the invention and explanation are used for explaining the present invention herein,
It is but not as a limitation of the invention.
A kind of preparation method of three-way catalyst, it comprises the following steps：
First by mass fraction by zirconium oxide, cerium oxide and nickel powder 30-50h of mixing and ball milling, add aluminium oxide and continue ball
Consume time 20-40h, obtains composite powder, and wherein zirconium oxide accounts for 4-8wt%, and cerium oxide accounts for 15-20wt%, and nickel accounts for 2-4wt%,
Surplus is aluminium oxide；The rotating speed of 180-220r/min is used in mechanical milling process,（9—10）:1 ratio of grinding media to material, can so obtain
Nano level composite powder.It is raw since stress-induced isomer phase transformation can occur for aluminium oxide ball milling in mechanical milling process
Into α-Al2O3It is unfavorable to catalytic performance, so should participate in grinding again after ball milling zirconium oxide, cerium oxide and nickel powder；And nickel powder exists
Ball milling there is very strong cold welding to act at early period, therefore should be mixed together ball milling with zirconium oxide, cerium oxide early period, otherwise be difficult thin
Change.The present invention first avoids aluminium oxide and only ball milling zirconium oxide, cerium oxide and nickel powder to a certain extent, then add aluminium oxide and continue
Ball milling, can be such that zirconium oxide is dissolved into completely in cerium oxide, reduce the lattice constant of cerium oxide, while can make nickel highly dispersed in oxygen
In the solid solution for changing cerium-cerium oxide；Therefore, this ball-milling technology can not only obtain cerium oxide-oxidation cerium solid solution, but also refine
Nickel powder, whole composite powder particle diameter can reach 60-90nm.
It is last to obtain nanometer grade composit powder, is configured to slurry with deionized water, then pretreated cordierite carrier is soaked
Enter in slurry, taken out after about 1min, and blow away slurry unnecessary in duct, immerse 1min in slurry after drying again, then 130 DEG C
Dry 3h, 600 DEG C of roasting 1h, can so obtain the impregnating slurry layer of even compact on carrier.
After slurry coats, carrier is immersed in the palladium bichloride ammonia solution of 1g/L, magnetic agitation 4h, makes to adsorb palladium on carrier
Ion, then takes out, and blows down redundant solution, dries, and using 120 DEG C of dry 4h, 500 DEG C of roasting 2h, acquisition is impregnated with urging for palladium
Agent.
Embodiment 1
Zirconium oxide, cerium oxide and nickel powder are mixed by mass fraction, using the rotating speed of 180r/min, 9:1 ratio of grinding media to material ball
30h is ground, aluminium oxide is added and continues Ball-milling Time 20h, obtain composite powder, wherein zirconium oxide accounts for 4wt%, and cerium oxide accounts for
15wt%, nickel account for 2wt%, and surplus is aluminium oxide；Then composite powder is configured to slurry with deionized water, after then pre-processing
Cordierite carrier immerse in slurry, take out after about 1min, and blow away slurry unnecessary in duct, immersed again in slurry after drying
1min, then 130 DEG C of dry 3h, 600 DEG C roasting 1h；After slurry coats, carrier is immersed in the palladium bichloride ammonia solution of 1g/L,
Magnetic agitation 4h, then takes out, and blows down redundant solution, dries, and using 120 DEG C of dry 4h, 500 DEG C of roasting 2h, obtain palladium load
Measure the catalyst for 1g/L；The catalyst is tested, its conversion ratio to CO, HC and NO reaches 97.1%, and initiation temperature exists
Between 180-200 DEG C.
Embodiment 2
Zirconium oxide, cerium oxide and nickel powder are mixed by mass fraction, using the rotating speed of 200r/min, 10:1 ratio of grinding media to material ball
40h is ground, aluminium oxide is added and continues Ball-milling Time 30h, obtain composite powder, wherein zirconium oxide accounts for 6wt%, and cerium oxide accounts for
18wt%, nickel account for 3wt%, and surplus is aluminium oxide；Then composite powder is configured to slurry with deionized water, after then pre-processing
Cordierite carrier immerse in slurry, take out after about 1min, and blow away slurry unnecessary in duct, immersed again in slurry after drying
1min, then 130 DEG C of dry 3h, 600 DEG C roasting 1h；After slurry coats, carrier is immersed in the palladium bichloride ammonia solution of 1g/L,
Magnetic agitation 4h, then takes out, and blows down redundant solution, dries, and using 120 DEG C of dry 4h, 500 DEG C of roasting 2h, obtain palladium load
Measure the catalyst for 2g/L；The catalyst is tested, its conversion ratio to CO, HC and NO reaches 98.1%, and initiation temperature exists
Between 160-180 DEG C.
Embodiment 3
Zirconium oxide, cerium oxide and nickel powder are mixed by mass fraction, using the rotating speed of 220r/min, 10:1 ratio of grinding media to material ball
50h is ground, aluminium oxide is added and continues Ball-milling Time 40h, obtain composite powder, wherein zirconium oxide accounts for 8wt%, and cerium oxide accounts for
20wt%, nickel account for 4wt%, and surplus is aluminium oxide；Then composite powder is configured to slurry with deionized water, after then pre-processing
Cordierite carrier immerse in slurry, take out after about 1min, and blow away slurry unnecessary in duct, immersed again in slurry after drying
1min, then 130 DEG C of dry 3h, 600 DEG C roasting 1h；After slurry coats, carrier is immersed in the palladium bichloride ammonia solution of 1g/L,
Magnetic agitation 4h, then takes out, and blows down redundant solution, dries, and using 120 DEG C of dry 4h, 500 DEG C of roasting 2h, obtain palladium load
Measure the catalyst for 2g/L；The catalyst is tested, its conversion ratio to CO, HC and NO reaches 98.2%, and initiation temperature exists
Between 150-170 DEG C.
The technical solution provided above the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, specific case used herein
The principle and embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention are set forth, the explanation of above example is only applicable to help and understands this
The principle of inventive embodiments；Meanwhile for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the embodiment of the present invention, in specific embodiment party
There will be changes in formula and application range, in conclusion this specification content should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of preparation method of three-way catalyst, it comprises the following steps：
（1）By mass fraction by zirconium oxide, cerium oxide and nickel powder mixing and ball milling, then add alumina powder and continue ball milling, obtain
Composite powder；
（2）Above-mentioned composite powder is configured to slurry with deionized water, then pretreated cordierite carrier is immersed in slurry,
Then take out, and blow away slurry unnecessary in duct, then dried, roasted；
（3）Then carrier is immersed in palladium bichloride ammonia solution, then takes out dry, roasting, obtain catalyst；The composite powder
In, zirconium oxide accounts for 4-8wt%, and cerium oxide accounts for 15-20wt%, and nickel accounts for 2-4wt%, and surplus is aluminium oxide.
2. the preparation method of three-way catalyst according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The mixing and ball milling time is 30-50h,
Continuation Ball-milling Time is 20-40h.
3. the preparation method of three-way catalyst according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Ball milling uses 180-220r/min
Rotating speed, ratio of grinding media to material is（9—10）:1.
4. the preparation method of three-way catalyst according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（2）In the immersion time be
2min, using 130 DEG C of dry 3h, 600 DEG C of roasting 1h.
5. the preparation method of three-way catalyst according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（3）Middle palladium bichloride ammonia solution
Concentration be 1g/L, the immersion time is 3h, using 120 DEG C of dry 4h, 500 DEG C of roasting 2h.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN100427208C (en) * | 2006-01-19 | 2008-10-22 | 清华大学 | Method for preparing catalyst to purify automobile tail gas |
| KR20120125337A (en) * | 2010-02-01 | 2012-11-14 | 존슨 맛쎄이 퍼블릭 리미티드 컴파니 | NOx ABSORBER CATALYSTS |
| US9347354B2 (en) * | 2010-04-14 | 2016-05-24 | Umicore Ag & Co. Kg | Reduction-catalyst-coated diesel particle filter having improved characteristics |
| CN104190438B (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2017-02-01 | 淄博加华新材料资源有限公司 | High-performance cerium zirconium oxide and production method of high-performance cerium zirconium oxide |
| CN104772162A (en) * | 2015-04-11 | 2015-07-15 | 桂林理工大学 | Zr-Ce-Mn-Fe/ZSM-5 composite oxide catalyst for NOx reduction by using low-temperature NH3 and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20160727 Assignee: Liuzhou Yaxiang Technology Co. Ltd. Assignor: LIUZHOU SHENTONG AUTOMOBILE TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Contract record no.: 2018450000033 Denomination of invention: Preparation method of three-way catalyst Granted publication date: 20180424 License type: Common License Record date: 20180803 |
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