CN105791001A - Distribution network management system based on distribution network zone area measurement and control network - Google Patents
Distribution network management system based on distribution network zone area measurement and control network Download PDFInfo
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- CN105791001A CN105791001A CN201510724036.9A CN201510724036A CN105791001A CN 105791001 A CN105791001 A CN 105791001A CN 201510724036 A CN201510724036 A CN 201510724036A CN 105791001 A CN105791001 A CN 105791001A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/04—Network management architectures or arrangements
- H04L41/044—Network management architectures or arrangements comprising hierarchical management structures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/06—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
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- Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a measurement, control and information management system of a power distribution network line. All ranges, power in which is supplied by one public transformer in a distribution network, are called as one power supply zone area; the power supply zone area is a basic unit for power supply management; an effective information management means for low-voltage users in a public network and the power supply zone area does not exist currently; the invention is a novel distribution network information management system; information management is extended to the zone area and each user in the zone area; the system is composed of a distribution network managing and monitoring terminal, a centralized reading and centralized control device, the distribution network zone area measurement and control network, communication channels of the terminal and a master station, and the master station, wherein the distribution network managing and monitoring terminal and the centralized reading and centralized control device support the distribution network zone area measurement and control network; and the system can be used for measuring the line loss (according to the power calibre or electric energy calibre) of the zone area in real time, remotely reading various user electricity meters, preventing electricity stealing in each home, remotely stopping or recovering power transmission of any appointed user, and realizing load control of a normal user.
Description
Technical field
Patent of the present invention relates to measurement control and the information management system of electric power transmission distribution line.
Background technology
Distribution refers generally to equipment, the facilities such as 10 kilovolts and following power circuit, and power transformation in circuit, distribution, protection, control, is the pith directly powered to end user in power system, carries vital task electric power energy being transported to huge numbers of families.
In distribution, most important equipment is transformator, usually become 400 volts (to user sides commonly referred to as three-phase 380 volts or single-phase 220 volts) from 10 kilovolts, difference according to user, it is divided into the dedicated transformer exclusively powered to large user and the common transformer powered to sporadic user, the four corner that one common transformer is powered is called that one for radio area, is the elementary cell of management in power supply enterprise for radio area.
At present, the level of informatization of power supply management at county level department of each city is fairly perfect, it is usually constructed with 95598 systems etc. that production MIS, marketing system (charge platform containing networking with bank), generalized information system and end user are mutual, the information management that 10 kilovolts and Above Transmission Lines and distribution specially become user (i.e. large user) can substantially meet needs, but for the public network low-voltage customer having a large capacity and a wide range with for radio area, but lack effective information management.
In the operation of electric power system, distribution at every moment produces substantial amounts of service data, reflect all normal or abnormal operation conditions, owing to lacking effective information tissue and information, information processing instrument, at basic-level power supply bureaus, still there is manual metering in a large number, artificial line walking, manual detection transformator, artificial to scene to user's power-off or traditional method of operation that restores electricity etc., it occur frequently that transformer overload burns or always burns insurance just knows overload etc ground phenomenon here, labor strength is big, task weight, mistake is also many, to power supply peak period, often whole basic-level power supply bureaus is mobilized up and down, have to run around all the time wears him out, and accident of power supply is still a lot, consumers' opinions is still very big.
Current the major technique of distribution information system management have: device is monitored in distribution (distribution transforming), (concentration remote meter reading) device etc. copied by negative control (spatial load forecasting) device, collection.
nullThe device RTU usually used as electric power enterprise production MIS (or similar system) is monitored in distribution (distribution transforming)，It is arranged near transformator，The operation of transformator can be monitored in real time，Collect service data be saved in terminal or be regularly reported to main website，Means of communication is usually GPRS，May be used without other communication media (wired、Phone、Wireless、Power line carrier etc.)，Device is monitored in perfect distribution (distribution transforming) can monitor whole operational factors of transformator，And automatically generate various statistical report form，(what refer to be located at power supply management unit can with the server of remote-control device communication for active reporting main website when having an emergency，The built-in related software that can complete regulation task，Lower same)，Power supply enterprise can grasp the ruuning situation of transformator in time，But the platform district situation that this transformator is powered then is known nothing.
Collection copy device is each family kilowatt-hour meter of a house Huo Yige community to be concentrated make a copy of in a table apparatus, automatically main website is reported to or by power supply enterprise employee to collection centralized automatic meter-reading of copy device, advantage is to considerably reduce the labor intensity of meter reading personnel, reduce mistake, shortcoming is check meter by all means (reading user's electric degree), regardless of other, function singleness, the utilization rate of network and equipment is low.
Load-control equipment is mainly used in large user's (include and specially become or specially become), preserve in device and allow user's a certain period to allow to use how powerful data (to be called spatial load forecasting curve, numerical value can be set according to what different electricity consumption changed Power Limitation period), user's over loading, device can be emitted to the alarm signal of user, more than one period of stipulated time, several wheel can be divided to automatically power off (first disconnected secondary load) if user power does not still decline, these processes and situation can also be reported to main website, in addition, some load-control equipment electricity consumption situation to this user, operational factor, kilowatt-hour meter reading also can timing or respond and be sent to main website.Multiplex 230M radio set before communication channel, present multiplex GPRS.Load-control equipment is multiple functional, but equipment exclusively uses, relatively costly, channel utilization is low, and the most large users in many areas installed in recent years, and this device be generalized to vast low-voltage customer, used prior art obviously impossible.
From above-mentioned, develop a kind of information system that can effectively organize and process distributing net platform region information be power industry fill up management default, improve operating environment, reduce labor intensity, improve business efficiency, realize increase efficiency by downsizing payrolls in the urgent need to.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is a kind of novel distribution information management system, with distribute-electricity transformer district for management unit, information management extends to each user in platform district.
System schematic is shown in accompanying drawing 1.
Distribution information management system is formed by with lower part:
1. support the distribution management monitoring terminal of distributing net platform region measurement and control network；
2. distributing net platform region measurement and control network；
3. support that centralized control equipment copied by the collection of distributing net platform region measurement and control network；
4. the telecommunication channel of distribution management monitoring terminal and main website and device；
5. with the main website possessing corresponding function software.
The following describes each ingredient of native system:
1. the distribution management monitoring terminal (hereinafter referred to as distributing net platform region terminal) of support distributing net platform region measurement and control network is the information hub of native system, its position in systems is suitable with the distribution transformer in supply network: distribution transformer is the end of 10 kilovolts of electric power systems, is also the starting point of 400 volts of electric power systems；Distributing net platform region terminal, in Power management information system, is the terminal of production MIS (or similar system), is again the server of distributing net platform region measurement and control network simultaneously.
The composition of traditional monitoring terminal has: data processing unit, measurement parts, depositing element, real-time clock, power supply (containing stand-by power supply), communication component (connecting machine with main website), the control unit also having reactive-load compensation and local ammeter, the distant news signal that have connect unit, and its principle and composition broadly fall into prior art.
With traditional monitoring terminal the difference is that the composition of: distributing net platform region terminal also has the interface unit being connected distributing net platform region measurement and control network, the program of certain data processing unit to increase accordingly distributing net platform region measurement and control network driver, complete related data forwarding, routing addressing, packet unpack, merge, the corresponding program of packing etc. function.
This interface unit matches with selected network physical channel; meet the requirement of physical channel; there are the physical functions such as suitable isolation, shielding, lightning protection, protection, drive amplification, coding and decoding, modulation /demodulation, comprise all required hardware circuit and relevant program.
Distributing net platform region terminal is except completing the measurement of routine, monitoring, statistics and main website communication function, also to complete the whole work relevant to distributing net platform region measurement and control network, the relevant order that main website comes is forwarded to relevant collection and copies centralized control equipment, the data transmitted by subordinate's machine directly or upload to main website after processing, and some main website order repeatedly communicates with subordinate machine after needing to be split into a plurality of command process by distributing net platform region terminal and just can complete.Because having distributing net platform region terminal to form a connecting link, connect main website until centralized control equipment copied by every, platform district collection re-extends into the ability of each user, whole system could become as a whole, completes all of systemic-function.
2. distributing net platform region measurement and control network is drawn by distributing net platform region terminal, covers each family power consumer of this confession radio area, and scope should be as far as possible completely the same with the user that this distribution transformer is powered.If being limited to objective condition can not reach above-mentioned requirements, native system also is able to properly functioning, but is at this moment likely to affect some function (as line loss is measured or line fault detection), it may not be possible to use, being likely to and affect accuracy, other most of functions are then unaffected.
Network topology structure main line is based on bus-type, network node adopts supports that the collection of distributing net platform region measurement and control network is copied centralized control equipment and (copied centralized control equipment hereinafter referred to as collection, apply for a patent with this patent division) simultaneously, it is connected to the network node (hereinafter referred to as trunk node) on main line to allow according to bus structures or hub-and-spoke configuration, extension connects the node (hereinafter referred to as branch line node) of next layer, to reduce the complexity that bus connects, shorten internodal distance, also avoid trunk node too many, exceed the situation of the driving force of bus.
Generally, terminal is arranged near transformator, trunk node can a corresponding building, be arranged on the unit placed in the middle of this building, each branch line node is corresponding and is arranged on other unit of this building.
Due to the finite capacity of a distributing net platform region, also having the restriction (apart from oversize, the loss on circuit is just too big) of economic radius of powering, the scope in a Ge Tai district is little, generally should around distribution transforming, and radius is at hundreds of rice, and rational number of users is several one hundred houses.The design scale of bus can be decided to be greatest length 1000 meters (physical location of distributing net platform region terminal can be set near in the middle of bus), maximum amount 2000 family.
Big in platform district coverage, when exceeding maximum allowable connection distance between network node, it is possible to network communication relay is set, it is achieved transparent forwarding, increase connect distance.
All nodes of network are all bi-directional half-duplex, can receive and can send out, but transmitting-receiving can not carry out simultaneously, and under normal circumstances, same instantaneous overall network main line can only have a node sending.
Generally being initiated a communication by higher level's machine, distributing net platform region terminal is higher level's machine, and branch line node is subordinate's machine, and trunk node is subordinate's machine of distributing net platform region terminal, is again higher level's machine of branch line node.Subordinate's machine also can initiate a communication by active reporting information when network idle being detected, is used for the task of reporting to the police.The usually order that higher level's machine sends, what subordinate's machine sent is then upload data or perform the response of higher level's machine order.
The physical channel of distributing net platform region measurement and control network can be selected for any existing mature technology.It is most convenient that power line carrier, under one distribution transforming, connected whole users just can become net naturally, but power line carrier is complicated due to line condition, load variations is frequent, interference is too big, and communication reliability is bad, and network interworking is required significantly high by native system, do not obtain in current technology and relatively be difficult to widely apply before quantum jump, especially cannot be used on main line.Micro-power wireless communication technology is not examined and frequency occupancy, but apart from short, communication speed is low, and easily by ectocine, reliability is also difficult to reach requirement.GPRS reliability is better, but equipment cost is expensive, and operating cost is also high.Optical-fibre communications is then more costly.Present stage, more rational scheme was Digital Private Line, available CAN (ISO11898) or 485 buses, CAN is with complete communications protocol, the aspects such as anticollision, code correction, failure node isolation, equipment compatibility are better than to 485 buses not having agreement to specify, standardization level is also superior to 485 buses, equipment cost is relatively low, and is therefore the most reasonable plan of current main line.
The not too many difficulty in the newly-built community that is laid in of circuit, retrofit of old industrial area is sometimes highly difficult, the place of local inconvenience wiring, it is possible to other channel in centre transfer once, as meet 802.15.4 international standard wireless network.
The physical layer interface of distributing net platform region measurement and control network must match with selected physical channel, and different physical channels can mix use, certainly at relevant node, different channels to adopt different physical layer interfaces and process or driver.All channels all have unified procotol, and the content of same information is likely to there is different encapsulation in different channels transmits, and add different prefix, suffix, but data text message is consistent all the time.Physical layer interface should meet the requirement of physical channel, has such as isolation, shielding, lightning protection, protection, drive amplification etc. function, and is furnished with relevant process or driver.
Trunk node in the measurement and control network of distributing net platform region, branch line node and received the address of power consumer by node and distribute in advance, each node, each user have unique address in net, available three byte representations: respectively user's (directly received from trunk node in trunk node, branch line address of node, distribute specific 0 address), user's sequence number of user is received, so that it may in procotol, navigate to each family user by node；Distributing net platform region terminal is also assigned with unique address.
Procotol include higher level owner cry, the operator scheme such as subordinate's machine active reporting or higher level's machine broadcast.Higher level owner cries the operation being assigned to user, need to specify whole 3 byte addresses, and each trunk node receives information simultaneously, and the node that is called into performs or forward command still further below, and other node is ignored.Higher level owner is trunk node or branch line node, then only need to specify the address of one or two byte, and mode of operation is the same.Higher level's machine broadcasting command is not for needing the operation of immediate answer, it is intended that broadcast address, and the reception simultaneously of all nodes processes.Subordinate's machine active reporting is generally used for reporting to the police, and should detect confirmation bus free and just can report.When certainly occurring to transmit collision, it is desirable to have the mechanism that arbitration and automatic time delay are retransmitted simultaneously.
3. centralized control equipment (simultaneously applying for a patent) copied with this patent division by collection, only simply introduces its function: with distributing net platform region measurement and control network interface, can receive and dispatch exchange information with distributing net platform region terminal；The user that powers with 1 family or many families is connected, it is possible to the various states of monitoring user and operational factor, copy reading user's kilowatt-hour meter, it is possible to be switched off or on user's main power.It is the network node of native system, user interface and observing and controlling execution part.
4. the telecommunication channel of distribution management monitoring terminal and main website and device: present stage, communication used TCP/IP mode to be main, also supports short message mode generally with GPRS.There is reliability and better, do not need the advantage of maintenance channel, but have operating cost.Act the effect connecting main website with distributing net platform region terminal in the present system, identical with prior art.
5. with the main website possessing corresponding function software: be the core of native system, it is made up of the multiple servers adapted related software of or networking being arranged on power supply enterprise, except the processing controls function increased platform district information (including each household user profile), identical with prior art.
Whole system is by following principle distribution task:
Collection is copied centralized control equipment and is monitored the electricity consumption situation of each user in real time, time normal, divides family to add up ruuning situation, is saved in collection and copies in centralized control equipment, higher level's machine (main website or distributing net platform region terminal) calling call；If actively to distributing net platform region terminal to report during the situation of noting abnormalities (as having a power failure, tripping or have stealing suspicion etc.), the respectively different situation of terminal or keeping records or report main website immediately.
Distributing net platform region terminal monitors the working condition of distribution transformer in real time, time normal, generates various statistical report form, is saved in terminal, main website calling call or according to setting interval active reporting；If finding unusual condition (such as power failure, phase shortage or heavy overload etc.) the active reporting main website immediately set, and can simultaneously to specifying management personnel send SMS.
Main website is according to each station terminal of work plan timing monitoring (platform district) set in advance, staff can call together at any time and survey any one or one group of terminal, Tai Qu, collection copy the data of various current or history or the form of centralized control equipment or low-voltage electricity user, and main website can receive the warning message of terminal active reporting at any time.
By native system, except the various functions of traditional monitoring system, it is also possible to realize much new systemic-function:
The line loss (division is applied for a patent simultaneously) in real-time test desk district, can obtain precise results (by power bore) for tens seconds；
The each user's kilowatt-hour meter of remote copying, copies each user's electric degree of same time period, the total electric degree of platform Qu and the total electric degree of distribution transforming simultaneously, can obtain current platform district line loss (by electric energy bore)；
Anti-electricity-theft to family, low-voltage customer has stealing suspicion to be reported to main website immediately；
Remotely any one family user specified performed power-off or recovers power transmission, being used in conjunction with Fare Collection System, it may be achieved urge expense according to pre-defined rule automatic short message when subscriber arrearage, automatically power off warning, automatically power off, after paying up arrearage, automatically recover power transmission；
Centralized control equipment is copied by collecting, realizing spatial load forecasting to domestic consumer, load curve data can send downwards from main website, and by 95598 systems, the warning information of user is informed user by main website, all there is record in all operations processing procedure main website, it is possible to inquiry or use as evidence if desired.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is based on the schematic diagram of the distribution management system of distributing net platform region measurement and control network
In figure: 1 main website
The telecommunication channel (device) of 2 distribution management monitoring terminals and main website
The 3 distribution management monitoring terminals supporting distributing net platform region measurement and control network
4 distribution transformers
5 transmission lines of electricity
6 user houses
7 distributing net platform region measurement and control network main lines
8 trunk nodes (centralized control equipment copied by the collection supporting distributing net platform region measurement and control network)
9 power supply/the signal lines arriving user
10 distributing net platform region measurement and control network branch lines
11 branch line nodes (centralized control equipment copied by the collection supporting distributing net platform region measurement and control network)
Except 1,2, full content constitutes one and is supplied radio area by what native system controlled.
The distribution management monitoring terminal composition schematic diagram of distributing net platform region measurement and control network supported by accompanying drawing 2
In figure: 1 data processing unit (CPU)
2 measuring units (include signal condition, A/D conversion, reference voltage etc.)
3 memories
4 real time clocks
5 with the telecommunication channel interface (GPRS, containing SIM) of main website
6 other peripheral interfaces (such as display, remote signalling, local 232,485 interfaces etc.)
7 distributing net platform region measurement and control network interface units
8 distributing net platform region measurement and control networks
UB stand-by power supply (rechargeable battery)
Detailed description of the invention
Save the content describing invention in detail at this specification summary of the invention one, in conjunction with existing technology, the present invention should be implemented with the those skilled in the art of technical field, therefore only simply introduce concrete performance here.
Main website is arranged in power supply enterprise, is connected with distributing net platform region terminal by GPRS.
Distributing net platform region measurement and control network physical channel selects CAN, and medium adopts the twisted-pair feeder with shielding, and bus total length is within 2000 meters, and there is termination matching resistance at two ends, reduces the impact that data are transmitted by wave reflections.Have employed suspension power supply at each node, it is to avoid the common mode disturbances that distance common ground difference introduces, and use photoelectric coupler isolation between other circuit；Each node is both provided with anti-lightning strike clamped, pressure limiting, current-limiting circuit.Signal is differential fashion, and communication speed 5000 baud, reliability meets system requirements.Main line can connect 32 trunk nodes, each trunk node extends again one section of branch line, 6 branch line nodes can be connected, centralized control equipment copied by the collection of trunk node and branch line node all can connect control 1 to 16 family user, state and the operational factor of these users can be monitored, can copy reading user's kilowatt-hour meter, it is possible to the main switch of folding user.Full court district can connect at most 2000 family users.
The example of distributing net platform region terminal is as follows: CPU selects high-speed microprocessor C8051F124, RAM and real-time clock to select FM31256, the 32KB ferrum non-volatile RAM of electricity to add real-time clock, a mass storage device 4MBFlash；Network backbone is CAN2.0, speed 5000 baud, CAN protocol and logical process chip SJA1000 is extended from cpu bus, isolate through a pair high speed photo coupling 6N137, network-bus is received by CAN special driving chip, drive part is powered by independent current source, added with lightning protection and clamped element, can complete each task of networked physics layer.Remote signalling input interface cpu bus extends, and all mouth lines add optocoupler Phototube Coupling, also power to optocoupler with independent current source；Power measurement utilizes 12 A/D converters in CPU and reference power supply, by precision, sample circuit is respectively completed voltage with 5A accurate miniature transformer, exchanging of electric current is directly sampled, accurate amplifier undertakes signal condition, analog multichannel switch IC switching signal passage, and actual measurement certainty of measurement can reach 0.5%.There are local RS232 interface and RS485 interface, are used for installing debugging and connecting local kilowatt-hour meter.The channel GPRS module connected with main website adds SIM, supports GPRS, SMS communication mode.Complete machine lithium ion battery makes back-up source, and CPU controls intelligent charge, and after power failure, data and clock are all without loss, and GPRS can support communication 30 minutes, even if battery is without electricity, data can also keep for a long time.Software coordinates hardware circuit to complete measurement, statistics, local communication and main website communication and distributing net platform region measurement and control network communication etc. all working task.
The various model machines of current design typification normally put into actual motion, and whole system has basically reached designing requirement.
Claims (4)
1. a novel power matching network information management system, with distribute-electricity transformer district for management unit, extends to the low-voltage customer in platform district by information management.This system is formed by with lower part: telecommunication channel and the device of centralized control equipment, main website, distribution management monitoring terminal and main website copied by distribution management monitoring terminal, collection, it is characterized in that: system comprises a distributing net platform region measurement and control network being hierarchically coupled to each power consumer, aforementioned distribution management monitoring terminal and collection are copied centralized control equipment and are all supported distributing net platform region measurement and control network, and have interface connected, make various device consist of a holonomic system.
2. a novel electric power distribution management monitoring terminal, it is made up of parts such as data processing unit, measurement parts, depositing element, real-time clock, power supply (containing stand-by power supply), communication components (connecting machine with main website), it is characterized in that: the distributing net platform region measurement and control network that this terminal support is as described in claim 1, and there is the interface unit being connected to distributing net platform region measurement and control network.
3. power matching network information management system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: distributing net platform region measurement and control network is rigidly connected to each family power consumer of this confession radio area, both without the intersection of platform interval user, also inerrancy or omission.
4. power matching network management monitoring terminal as described in claim 2, it is characterised in that it is in a specific position in the entire system, is the terminal of upper layer application system, is again the server of distributing net platform region measurement and control network simultaneously.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510724036.9A CN105791001A (en) | 2015-10-29 | 2015-10-29 | Distribution network management system based on distribution network zone area measurement and control network |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510724036.9A CN105791001A (en) | 2015-10-29 | 2015-10-29 | Distribution network management system based on distribution network zone area measurement and control network |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105791001A true CN105791001A (en) | 2016-07-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510724036.9A Pending CN105791001A (en) | 2015-10-29 | 2015-10-29 | Distribution network management system based on distribution network zone area measurement and control network |
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| CN (1) | CN105791001A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108549677A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-09-18 | 国网甘肃省电力公司 | A kind of general distribution public affairs change taiwan area electric service range depicting method |
| CN110161307A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-08-23 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | A kind of ammeter based on voice control |
-
2015
- 2015-10-29 CN CN201510724036.9A patent/CN105791001A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108549677A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-09-18 | 国网甘肃省电力公司 | A kind of general distribution public affairs change taiwan area electric service range depicting method |
| CN110161307A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-08-23 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | A kind of ammeter based on voice control |
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