CN105785367B - A kind of radar height-finding system and its application method based on GNSS signal - Google Patents
A kind of radar height-finding system and its application method based on GNSS signal Download PDFInfo
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- CN105785367B CN105785367B CN201610253232.7A CN201610253232A CN105785367B CN 105785367 B CN105785367 B CN 105785367B CN 201610253232 A CN201610253232 A CN 201610253232A CN 105785367 B CN105785367 B CN 105785367B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/003—Bistatic radar systems; Multistatic radar systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
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- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of radar height-finding systems and its application method based on GNSS.The system includes signal hardware receiver and server.Signal hardware receiver is equipped with three subaisles, respectively GNSS channels, main radar channel, auxiliary radar channel；It is flowed to per subaisle according to signal and includes antenna module, low noise amplifier component, mixer components, level-one microwave signal source component, bandpass filtering device assembly, power amplifier component, secondary microwave signal source component, low-pass filter component, quadrature demodulation device assembly, analog-to-digital conversion device assembly successively；After the signal of three subaisles is by analog-to-digital conversion device assembly, enter data collector component jointly.Data acquisition control software module, signal preprocessing softtware module, two-dimensional imaging software module, Coherent processing software module are loaded on server.The technology restrictions such as observation angle single, deployment costs dearly, revisiting period length that the system can solve current spaceborne radar height-finding system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of radar height-finding systems and its application method based on GNSS signal, and in particular to a kind of use
GNSS signal carries out the radar imagery of target area, and then system and its use of ground level measurement are carried out using radar image
Method belongs to Radar Technology field.
Background technology
In recent years, high-resolution earth observation remote sensing fields are always the hot spot of international radar circle concern, and researcher is uncommon
It hopes and obtains efficient, accurate ground digital height map.Digital elevation model is using very extensive, in military aspect, digital elevation model
Very abundant battle field information is capable of providing, commander is assisted to participate in formulation and the decision of tactics.In terms of the development of the national economy,
Digital elevation model can be used in the siteselecting plannings such as big construction item such as reservoir, power plant.In terms of scientific research, digital elevation model
Can be geology, geographic physical, meteorology, environmental protection, the new observation of the research field offers of the subjects such as volcano glacier
Means.
Space-borne interference synthetic aperture radar system is current common height map reconstructing system, the high principle of survey of the system
It is：Radar sensor is mounted on low orbit satellite, and target area is observed in track adjacent position twice respectively, obtains two
Then width image carries out interference processing to them, and then obtains the height map of target area.Space-borne interference synthetic aperture radar system
System can carry out efficiently, and accurate height map is rebuild, however, there are following 4 points of notable technology restrictions for the system：
1）Observation angle is single：Usually only one to two piece of spaceborne radar number of satellite, can only provide the sight of single angle
It surveys.
2）Observation time resolution ratio is low：Spaceborne radar satellite revisiting period is usually longer, causes temporal resolution relatively low.
3）System stability is insufficient：Spaceborne radar satellite developing history is shorter, when stability and actual performance need
Between verified.
4）Utilization cost is high：Spaceborne radar satellite is active radar, cost, transmitting and maintenance cost and its costliness.
In view of this, it is necessary to a kind of radar height-finding system and its application method based on GNSS signal are provided, to solve
The above problem.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is：To solve the problems, such as aforementioned four, the present invention proposes a kind of using GNSS synthetic aperture thunders
The completely new system of elevation carrection and application method are carried out up to image.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：A kind of radar based on GNSS signal is surveyed high
System, which is characterized in that mainly include signal hardware receiver and server；Wherein：
Signal hardware receiver is equipped with three subaisles, is respectively designated as GNSS channels, main radar channel, auxiliary radar channel；
GNSS channels directly receive GNSS satellite signal, to make synchronizing function；Main and auxiliary radar channel reception is fired back by observation area
Electromagnetic wave, to make imaging function；Three subaisles share same clock source, and in addition to antenna polarization direction difference, Qi Ta electricity
Line structure is completely the same；It is flowed to per subaisle according to signal and includes antenna module, low noise amplifier component, frequency mixer group successively
Part, level-one microwave signal source component, bandpass filtering device assembly, power amplifier component, secondary microwave signal source component, low pass filtered
Wave device assembly, quadrature demodulation device assembly, analog-to-digital conversion device assembly；After the signal of three subaisles is by analog-to-digital conversion device assembly, altogether
It is same to enter data collector component；Wherein：Antenna module is used to receive GNSS satellite signal or the thunder reflected from observed object
Up to signal；Low noise amplifier component receives signal for amplifying, and improves signal-to-noise ratio；Mixer components are used for becoming under radiofrequency signal
Frequency is down-converted to baseband signal to intermediate-freuqncy signal or intermediate-freuqncy signal；Level-one, secondary microwave signal source component are for generation one
Determine the signal of frequency, the input as mixer components；Bandpass filtering device assembly is for the high-frequency signal after removal mixing；Low pass
Filter assembly is for the high-frequency signal after removal mixing；Power amplifier component is used to improve the amplitude of intermediate-freuqncy signal, with full
The dynamic range of sufficient analog-to-digital conversion device assembly；Quadrature demodulation device assembly is used to baseband signal be converted to orthogonal signalling；Modulus turns
Exchanger package is used to analog signal be converted to digital signal；Data collector component passes through analog-to-digital conversion device assembly for acquiring
Three-channel digital signal；
Loaded on server data acquisition control software module, signal preprocessing softtware module, two-dimensional imaging software module,
Coherent processing software module；The signal of the data collector component acquisition of signal hardware receiver, server is reached by serial ports
Storage；Following data pass sequentially through the signal preprocessing softtware module loaded on server, two-dimensional imaging software module and
Coherent processing software module, and then obtain the height map of observation area；Wherein：Data acquisition control software module is used to control number
According to the working condition of collector assembly, and control data collector component that the data of acquisition are stored in server；Signal Pretreatment
Software module is used for the signal that is obtained to GNSS channels and synchronizes processing, obtains the error of time of signal, frequency and phase；
Two-dimensional imaging software module is used for carrying out two-dimensional imaging from main and auxiliary radar channel receiving signal；Coherent processing software module makes
Coherent processing is carried out with two dimensional image and forms 3-dimensional digital height map, is realized and is surveyed height.
Further, GNSS channels described in above-mentioned technical proposal uses omnidirectional's GNSS antenna component；The main and auxiliary radar
Channel is using radar antenna component, and beam angle is spent for 30 degree * 30, gain 15dBi.
Further, low noise amplifier component described in above-mentioned technical proposal is using 35dB gains, phase noise 1.5.
Further, the frequency of bandpass filter component operation described in above-mentioned technical proposal is 140MHz, bandwidth is
10MHz。
Further, power amplifier component described in above-mentioned technical proposal uses 20dB gains.
Further, low-pass filter component bandwidth described in above-mentioned technical proposal is 10MHz.
Further, the inter-module of signal hardware receiver described in above-mentioned technical proposal is connected using coaxial cable
It connects；It is connected between signal hardware receiver and server using RS232 serial ports.
A kind of application method of the radar height-finding system based on GNSS signal, using as described above based on GNSS signal
Radar height-finding system, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(1) signal hardware receiver powers on, and subsequent server powers on；
(2) working frequency of level-one microwave signal source component output signals is set according to specific GNSS satellite；
(3) the acquisition function of data acquisition control software module in server is opened, signal hardware receiver starts to acquire
GNSS signal and two-way radar echo signal, and it is stored in server；
(4) a length of 10 minutes when acquiring signal, Signals collecting function is then shut off, signal hardware receiver stops acquisition,
Signal stops storage；
(5) coordinate position of the coordinate position with signal hardware receiver of GNSS satellite is obtained；
(6) by the GNSS satellite obtained in the GNSS signal of storage and step (5), signal hardware receiver coordinate together
By signal preprocessing softtware module, time error, frequency error, phase error and navigation information are obtained；
(7) by the two-way radar echo signal of storage, in GNSS satellite, signal hardware receiver coordinate and step (6)
The result arrived by two-dimensional imaging software module, obtains two images together；
(8) two images that step (7) obtains are obtained into the height map of observation area by Coherent processing software module.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The radar height-finding system of the present invention can solve technology existing for current main-stream method
Limitation, specifically has the beneficial effect that：
1）The radar height-finding system of the present invention is capable of providing multi-angle observation：At least 16, the same place of synchronization
GNSS satellite can realize multi-faceted unobstructed irradiation.
2）The radar height-finding system of the present invention is capable of providing the observation of high time resolution：GNSS satellite is capable of providing to same
The seamless observation in one area, and the same moonscope time is long, coverage area is big.
3）The radar height-finding system of the present invention is capable of providing stable observation：GNSS satellite usage history is long, and performance is
It is extensively examined.Even if particular satellite is in maintenance state, other satellites also can guarantee at least 4 normal works whenever and wherever possible
Make.
4）The radar height-finding system of the present invention is of low cost：The present invention is passive type radar, and transmitter is third party device,
User's maintenance is not needed to, and the component that the receiver used uses is common device, it is of low cost.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the radar height-finding system schematic diagram based on GNSS signal of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the receiver hardware internal structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the server architecture schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the structure diagram of the signal preprocessing softtware module of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the structure chart of the two-dimensional imaging software module of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the structure chart of the Coherent processing software module of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the satellite image of the main school district of Wuhan University.
Symbol description in attached drawing：1.GNSS satellites, 2. running tracks, 3. GNSS antenna components, 4. main scanners
Component, 5. auxiliary radar antenna components, 6. local coordinate system origins, 7. observation areas, 8. object to be measured height, 9. single-point mesh to be measured
Mark, 10. low noise amplifier components, 11. mixer components, 12. level-one microwave signal source components, 13. bandpass filtering device assemblies,
14. amplifier block, 15. secondary microwave signal source components, 16. low-pass filter components, 17. quadrature demodulation device assemblies, 18.
Analog-to-digital conversion device assembly, 19. data collector components, 20. servers, 21. data acquisition control software modules, 22. signals are pre-
Software module is handled, 23. two-dimensional imaging software modules, 24. Coherent processing software modules, 25.GNSS reception signals, 26. is local
The GNSS signal of generation, 27. GNSS satellites, signal hardware receiver coordinate, 28. correlators, 29. differentiators, 30. minimums two
Multiply device, 31. time errors, frequency error, phase error and navigation information, 32. radar signals, 33. adder and multipliers, 34. X-Y schemes
Picture, 35. multipliers, 36. integrators, 37. height maps.
Specific embodiment
For a better understanding of the present invention, with reference to the embodiment content that the present invention is furture elucidated, but the present invention
Content is not limited solely to the following examples.Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or changes to the present invention, these
Equivalent form is equally within the scope of claims listed by the application limit.
As shown in Figure 1, the basic principle of the radar height-finding system based on GNSS signal of the present invention is：Assuming that receiver and
Observation area is in local coordinate system origin 6 in the three-dimensional local coordinate system of origin, 7 be entire observation area.Single-point mesh to be measured
Mark 9 is a certain point target in entire observation area 7, and the height of relative local coordinate ground level is object to be measured height 8.This hair
It is bright by obtaining signal that GNSS satellite 1 earthward emits in flight on its satellite transit track 2 come in observation area 7
It is high that all target points carry out whole survey.
The radar height-finding system based on GNSS signal of the present invention includes signal hardware receiver and server.Signal hardware
The effect of receiver is the radar signal for receiving GNSS signal and being reflected from observation area 7, and converts signals into digital signal,
Acquisition is got up.Server first stores data, then carries out a series of signal processing to the signal of acquisition, obtains height
Figure.Signal storage is completed by the data acquisition control software module 21 loaded on server.Signal processing is by server
What signal preprocessing softtware module 22, two-dimensional imaging software module 23 and the Coherent processing software module 24 of upper loading were completed.
It describes in detail first below to signal hardware receiver.
As shown in Fig. 2, signal hardware receiver is equipped with three subaisles, it is respectively designated as GNSS channels, main radar channel, auxiliary
Radar channel.GNSS channels directly receive GNSS satellite signal, to make synchronizing function.Main and auxiliary radar channel reception is by the area of observation coverage
The electromagnetic wave that domain 7 fires back, to make imaging function.Include antenna module, low noise amplifier component 10, frequency mixer per subaisle
Component 11, level-one microwave signal source component 12, bandpass filtering device assembly 13, power amplifier component 14, secondary microwave signal source
Component 15, low-pass filter component 16, quadrature demodulation device assembly 17, analog-to-digital conversion device assembly 18.Triple channel shares same clock
Source, and in addition to antenna polarization direction is different, other circuit structures are completely the same.The three secondary signals that receive pass through analog-digital converter group
After part 18, data collector component 19 will be entered jointly.
Antenna module is used for receiving GNSS satellite signal or the radar signal reflected from observed object.System includes three width
Antenna module is respectively：GNSS antenna component 3, main scanner component 4, auxiliary radar antenna component 5, are belonging respectively to GNSS and lead to
Road, main radar channel, auxiliary radar channel.
Low noise amplifier component 10 is used for amplifying reception signal, improves signal-to-noise ratio.
Mixer components 11 are used for that radiofrequency signal is down-converted to intermediate-freuqncy signal or intermediate-freuqncy signal is down-converted to base band
Signal.
Microwave signal source component（Including level-one microwave signal source component 12, secondary microwave signal source component 15）For generating
The signal of certain frequency, the input as mixer components 11.
Bandpass filtering device assembly 13 is used for removing the high-frequency signal after mixing.
Low-pass filter component 16 is used for removing the high-frequency signal after mixing.
Power amplifier component 14 is used for improving the amplitude of intermediate-freuqncy signal, to meet the dynamic model of analog-to-digital conversion device assembly 18
It encloses.
Quadrature demodulation device assembly 17 is used for baseband signal to be converted to orthogonal signalling.
Analog-to-digital conversion device assembly 18 is used for analog signal to be converted to digital signal.
Data collector component 19 is used for acquiring the three-channel digital signal by analog-to-digital conversion device assembly 18.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the composition of signal hardware receiver, hardware configuration are illustrated by taking GNSS channels as an example
Layout is followed successively by：Omnidirectional's GNSS antenna component 3, low noise amplifier component 10（35dB gains, phase noise 1.5）, frequency mixer group
Part 11, bandpass filtering device assembly 13（Working frequency is 140MHz, bandwidth 10MHz）, power amplifier component 14（20dB increases
Benefit）, mixer components 11, low-pass filter component 16（Bandwidth is 10MHz）, 17,2 analog-digital converters of quadrature demodulation device assembly
Component 18 and data collector component 19.And main and auxiliary radar channel is then using radar antenna component, beam angle 30
Degree * 30 is spent, gain 15dBi.Inter-module is connected using coaxial cable.It is used between signal hardware receiver and server
RS232 serial ports connects.In addition, being microwave signal source component with the third end that two mixer stages component 11 is connected, use respectively
In radio frequency down-conversion to band logical frequency and band logical frequency down conversion to base band.Wherein level-one microwave signal source component 12 exports
Signal frequency is depending on specific satellite-signal working frequency, such as receives the E5b navigation signals that satellite-signal is Galileo,
Its working frequency is 1207.14MHz, in order to enable bandpass part working frequency is 140MHz, level-one microwave signal source component 12
Output signal plan is operated in 1347.14MHz (or 1067.14MHz).And 15 constant operation of secondary microwave signal source component exists
140MHz.Three road signals become six road I, Q signal after analog-to-digital conversion, soft by the data acquisition control loaded on server
Part module 21 controls data collector component 19, and storage is in the server.
As shown in figure 3, loaded on server 20 data acquisition control software module 21, signal preprocessing softtware module 22,
Two-dimensional imaging software module 23, Coherent processing software module 24.
Data collector component 19 acquires signal, and passes through serial ports and reach server 20.The GNSS signal of storage and master,
Auxiliary radar signal passes sequentially through the signal preprocessing softtware module 22 loaded on server, two-dimensional imaging software module 23 and phase
Dry-cure software module 24, and then obtain the height map of observation area 7.
Data acquisition control software module 21 is used for controlling the working condition of data collector component 19, and data is controlled to adopt
Collect device assembly 19 and the data of acquisition are stored in server 20.
Signal preprocessing softtware module 22 is used for the signal that is obtained to GNSS channels and synchronizes processing, obtain signal when
Between, the error of frequency and phase.As shown in figure 4, it is the structure chart of signal preprocessing softtware module 22.GNSS receive signal 25 with
Locally generated GNSS signal 26 and GNSS satellite, the coordinate 27 of signal hardware receiver pass through correlator 28, differential successively
Device 29, least square device 30 obtain its time error, frequency error, phase error and navigation information 31.
Two-dimensional imaging software module 23 is used for carrying out two-dimensional imaging from main and auxiliary radar channel receiving signal.Such as Fig. 5 institutes
Show, be the structure chart of two-dimensional imaging software module 23.It is illustrated by taking the two-dimensional imaging process of main radar signal as an example.Radar is believed
Number 32 time error, frequency error, phases obtained with locally generated GNSS signal 26 and signal preprocessing softtware module 22
Position error and navigation information 31 carry out computing cross-correlation by correlator 28, and main radar signal is compensated, and eliminate error,
Then multiply-add operation is carried out through adder and multiplier 33 obtain two dimensional image 34 with the coordinate 27 of GNSS satellite, signal hardware receiver.
Coherent processing software module 24 carries out Coherent processing using two dimensional image and forms 3-dimensional digital height map, realizes and surveys
It is high.As shown in fig. 6, it is the structure chart of Coherent processing software module 24.Main and auxiliary radar signal passes through two-dimensional imaging software module 23
Obtain main and auxiliary two images.This two images obtains height map 37 by correlator 28, multiplier 35 and integrator 36.
In the present embodiment, the specific work process of this system is as follows：
After system starts, GNSS signal, the echo radar signal of observation area reflection is respectively from GNSS antenna component
3rd, main scanner component 4, auxiliary radar antenna component 5 receive.By low noise amplifier component 10, the signal-to-noise ratio for receiving signal obtains
To greatly enhance.After mixer components 11, signal becomes two frequency ranges, and respectively centre frequency is frequent in 140MHz
Section and the high-frequency band that centre frequency is 2.5GHz.After bandpass filtering device assembly 13, high-frequency signal is filtered, only remaining
Centre frequency is in the signal of 140MHz.After power amplifier component 14, the dynamic range of signal greatly increases.By second
After a mixer components 11, signal becomes two frequency ranges, is intermediate-frequency band and baseband signal that centre frequency is 280MHz respectively.
After low-pass filter component 16, intermediate-freuqncy signal is filtered, only remaining baseband signal.By quadrature demodulation device assembly 17
Afterwards, signal becomes I, Q two-way.After analog-to-digital conversion device assembly 18, signal becomes digital signal.Then, three-channel digital is believed
In number collected data collector component 19, and pass through serial ports and be stored in server 20.
GNSS receives signal 25 to be passed through successively in signal preprocessing softtware module 22 with locally generated GNSS signal 26
Correlator 28, differentiator 29, least square device 30 obtain its time error, frequency error, phase error and navigation information 31.
These information will be used in radar signal 32 and compensate.Main and auxiliary radar signal is both needed to through two-dimensional imaging software module 23
Obtain the image of observation area.It is illustrated by taking the two-dimensional imaging process of main radar signal as an example.It is first to pre-process the result generated
First main radar signal is compensated, eliminates the error of main radar signal.Then, signal distance to locally generated radar
Signal carries out computing cross-correlation by correlator 28.As a result the phase being calculated with GNSS satellite, signal hardware receiver is gone through
History carries out multiply-add operation through adder and multiplier 33 and obtains two dimensional image 34.Main and auxiliary radar signal will by two-dimensional imaging software module 23
Obtain main and auxiliary two images.This two images will obtain height map 37 by correlator 28, multiplier 35 and integrator 36.
The radar height-finding system based on GNSS signal, application method are to include the following steps：
(1) signal hardware receiver powers on, and subsequent server 20 powers on；
(2) working frequency of 12 output signal of level-one microwave signal source component is set according to specific GNSS satellite；
(3) the acquisition function of data acquisition control software module 21 in server 20 is opened, signal hardware receiver starts
GNSS signal and two-way radar echo signal are acquired, and is stored in server 20；
(4) a length of 10 minutes when acquiring signal, Signals collecting function is then shut off, signal hardware receiver stops acquisition,
Signal stops storage；
(5) coordinate position of the coordinate position with signal hardware receiver of GNSS satellite is obtained；
(6) GNSS signal of storage and the GNSS satellite that is obtained in step (5), signal hardware receiver coordinate are led to together
Signal preprocessing softtware module 22 is crossed, obtains time error, frequency error, phase error and navigation information；
(7) by the two-way radar echo signal of storage, in GNSS satellite, signal hardware receiver coordinate and step (6)
The result arrived by two-dimensional imaging software module 23, obtains two images together；
(8) two images that step (7) obtains are obtained into the height map of observation area by Coherent processing software module 24.
Applicating example
It is intended that and carries out height with a panel region of the height-finding system proposed by the present invention to Wuhan University to the north of main school district Luo Jia Shan
Cheng Chongjian.Fig. 7 is the satellite image of the main school district of Wuhan University, and Luo Jia Shan is located at image bottommost, and height above sea level is big for Wuhan
Learn highest.Intend imaging region as the panel region to the north of Luo Jia Shan, topography is relatively low, mainly builds and is ground including Wuhan University
Jiu Sheng institutes, Marxism institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan University's politics and Institute of Public Administration, history institute of Wuhan University, force
Chinese college news and school of communication studies and foreign language language institute of Wuhan University etc..When carrying out surveying high operation, system is hard
Part receiver is placed on Luo Jia Shan, the main and auxiliary equal face observation area of antenna（Among antenna irradiation ranging from two arrows）.Choosing
When selecting GNSS satellite as transmitter, satellite of the flight path on the south receiver location is selected as possible, to obtain maximum two
Tie up resolution ratio.After the completion of hardware device is placed, can log-on data collector, carry out the synchronous admission of Three-channel data.Admission
Time length is flexible.The data of admission can will obtain observation area by three signal processing software modules in the server
Height map.
Finally it should be noted that more than content is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention rather than the present invention is protected
The limitation of range, simply modification or the equivalent replacement that those of ordinary skill in the art carry out technical scheme of the present invention,
All without departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of radar height-finding system based on GNSS signal, which is characterized in that mainly include signal hardware receiver and service
Device；Wherein：
Signal hardware receiver is equipped with three subaisles, is respectively designated as GNSS channels, main radar channel, auxiliary radar channel；GNSS
Channel directly receives GNSS satellite signal, to make synchronizing function；The electricity that main and auxiliary radar channel reception is fired back by observation area
Magnetic wave, to make imaging function；Three subaisles share same clock source, and in addition to antenna polarization direction difference, other circuit knots
Structure is completely the same；It is flowed to per subaisle according to signal and includes antenna module, low noise amplifier component, mixer components, one successively
Grade microwave signal source component, bandpass filtering device assembly, power amplifier component, secondary microwave signal source component, low-pass filter
Component, quadrature demodulation device assembly, analog-to-digital conversion device assembly；After the signal of three subaisles is by analog-to-digital conversion device assembly, jointly into
Enter data collector component；Wherein：Antenna module is used for the radar letter for receiving GNSS satellite signal or being reflected from observed object
Number；Low noise amplifier component receives signal for amplifying, and improves signal-to-noise ratio；Mixer components are used to radiofrequency signal be down-converted to
Intermediate-freuqncy signal is down-converted to baseband signal by intermediate-freuqncy signal；Level-one, secondary microwave signal source component are used to generate certain frequency
The signal of rate, the input as mixer components；Bandpass filtering device assembly is for the high-frequency signal after removal mixing；Low-pass filtering
Device assembly is for the high-frequency signal after removal mixing；Power amplifier component is used to improve the amplitude of intermediate-freuqncy signal, to meet mould
The dynamic range of number converter component；Quadrature demodulation device assembly is used to baseband signal be converted to orthogonal signalling；Analog-digital converter
Component is used to analog signal be converted to digital signal；Data collector component passes through the three of analog-to-digital conversion device assembly for acquiring
Channel digital signal；
Data acquisition control software module is loaded on server, signal preprocessing softtware module, two-dimensional imaging software module, is concerned with
Handle software module；The signal of the data collector component acquisition of signal hardware receiver reaches server by serial ports and stores；
Following data pass sequentially through the signal preprocessing softtware module loaded on server, two-dimensional imaging software module and coherent
Software module is managed, and then obtains the height map of observation area；Wherein：Data acquisition control software module is used to that data to be controlled to acquire
The working condition of device assembly, and control data collector component that the data of acquisition are stored in server；Signal preprocessing softtware mould
Block is used for the signal that is obtained to GNSS channels and synchronizes processing, obtains the error of time of signal, frequency and phase；Two dimension into
As software module is used for carrying out two-dimensional imaging from main and auxiliary radar channel receiving signal；Coherent processing software module uses two dimension
Image carries out Coherent processing and forms 3-dimensional digital height map, realizes and surveys height.
2. the radar height-finding system according to claim 1 based on GNSS signal, it is characterised in that：The GNSS channels make
With omnidirectional's GNSS antenna component；The main and auxiliary radar channel using radar antenna component, for 30 degree * 30 spend by beam angle,
Gain is 15dBi.
3. the radar height-finding system according to claim 1 based on GNSS signal, it is characterised in that：The low noise amplifier
Component is using 35dB gains, phase noise 1.5.
4. the radar height-finding system according to claim 1 based on GNSS signal, it is characterised in that：The bandpass filter
Component operation frequency is 140MHz, bandwidth 10MHz.
5. the radar height-finding system according to claim 1 based on GNSS signal, it is characterised in that：The power amplifier
Component uses 20dB gains.
6. the radar height-finding system according to claim 1 based on GNSS signal, it is characterised in that：The low-pass filter
Component bandwidth is 10MHz.
7. the radar height-finding system according to claim 1 based on GNSS signal, it is characterised in that：The signal hardware connects
The inter-module of receipts machine is connected using coaxial cable；It is connected between signal hardware receiver and server using RS232 serial ports.
8. a kind of application method of the radar height-finding system based on GNSS signal, using according to claim 1-7 any one institute
The radar height-finding system based on GNSS signal stated, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(1) signal hardware receiver powers on, and subsequent server powers on；
(2) working frequency of level-one microwave signal source component output signals is set according to specific GNSS satellite；
(3) the acquisition function of data acquisition control software module in server is opened, signal hardware receiver starts to acquire GNSS
Signal and two-way radar echo signal, and it is stored in server；
(4) a length of 10 minutes when acquiring signal, Signals collecting function is then shut off, signal hardware receiver stops acquisition, signal
Stop storage；
(5) coordinate position of the coordinate position with signal hardware receiver of GNSS satellite is obtained；
(6) GNSS signal of storage and the GNSS satellite that is obtained in step (5), signal hardware receiver coordinate are passed through together
Signal preprocessing softtware module obtains time error, frequency error, phase error and navigation information；
(7) it by the two-way radar echo signal of storage, is obtained in GNSS satellite, signal hardware receiver coordinate and step (6)
As a result two images are obtained by two-dimensional imaging software module together；
(8) two images that step (7) obtains are obtained into the height map of observation area by Coherent processing software module.
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