CN105784419B - A kind of suspended matter sampling apparatus and method based on LabVIEW host computers - Google Patents
A kind of suspended matter sampling apparatus and method based on LabVIEW host computers Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
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- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of suspended matter sampling apparatus and method based on LabVIEW host computers, device includes host computer, slave computer, suspension matter collection device and RS485 serial communication modulars, and slave computer includes single chip control module, data conversion module, pressure sensor measurement module, turbidity transducer measurement module and electromagnetic flowmeter survey module.Host computer is connect by RS485 serial communication modulars with each module of slave computer, is realized the real-time acquisition of depth under water, concentration and data on flows, transmission, is shown and preserve.Host computer sends operational order by RS485 serial communication modulars to slave computer, automatically controls the sampling process of the data acquisition and suspended matter sampling apparatus of each section sensor, realizes the automatic sampling to suspended matter sample.The present invention is easy to operate, portable, and LabVIEW host computer interface reasonable designs, the problem for avoiding existing sampling apparatus cumbersome improves the degree of automation of entire sampling process.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental monitoring, environmental improvement and Computer Control Technology fields, and in particular to be based on to one kind
The suspended matter sampling apparatus and method of LabVIEW host computers.
Background technology
Water body recovery technology refers to the Cucumber in water of suspending, include mainly inorganic matter, macromolecule organic, silt,
Clay, protozoan, algae, bacterium and virus etc..Water source reservoir in various regions is as the main next of local resident's daily water consumption
Source plays very important effect for a long time in human society.Water source reservoir water storage, water supply operational process year in year out
In, the state of water body recovery technology also changes constantly.Wherein, the larger suspended matter of grain size is gradually deposited to reservoir bottom, grain
The smaller then gradual adsorption-condensation of diameter together, is suspended in reservoir in lower water column.Therefore, it acquires water body recovery technology and analyzes
Ingredient therein alleviates increasingly serious urbanite water consumption demand and has important practical significance and grind for solving pollution of waterhead
Study carefully value.
Currently, both at home and abroad in water resource prevention and control research field, directly swum micro- life using water acquisition equipment or use mostly
Object net carries out the acquisition of suspended matter sample.It is straight since suspended matter sample need not be acquired using specific instrument and equipment
It connects and is widely used in the work of all kinds of water quality situation investigation using the method that hydrophore is sampled.Although this method
Learning cost is relatively low, and the scope of application is wider, but its sampling process is cumbersome, needs to repeat " first acquisition, rear filtering "
Work, the degree of automation is very low, and then leads to entire sampling process inefficiency;Another kind using plankton sieve into
The method of row suspended matter sample collection, which then compares, is suitably applied the sampling depth operating condition larger compared with deep, sampling quantity.Due to
This method is difficult to quantitatively acquire required suspended matter sample, so to the parameters of follow-up Water quality analysis cause compared with
Big influence, therefore this method equally exists certain deficiency.
With the continuous improvement of Computerized intelligent degree, water body detection technique has also obtained further developing, and calculates
The combination of machine program and water body detection method is increasingly being recognizing for expert of the art scholar as a field technology revolution
It can.However, general text type programmed method is more complicated, to the more demanding of staff, and the appearance of LabVIEW softwares
This problem is well solved.LabVIEW softwares are using very intuitive graphic programming method instead of traditional text
Code programming, it is powerful, and provide and show and count including data acquisition, GRIB, serial ports control, data analysis, data
According to the abundant function library including storage etc..Meanwhile LabVIEW softwares additionally provide control much similar with traditional instrument
Part, such as waveform chart and control button etc. can be used for conveniently and efficiently creating user interface, compare text type programming language
With great advantage, thus be widely used in industrial automation, test measures, image procossing and Embedded Application etc. are all
It is multi-field.
The virtual instrument of LabVIEW software developments generally requires to establish on the data acquisition hardware of its support, such as respectively
Kind data collecting card.However, the price of these data collecting cards is typically relatively expensive, higher operating costs.Therefore, it is necessary to design
It researches and develops a set of data acquisition and procession ability that LabVIEW softwares can be made full use of powerful and reduces design cost as possible,
The sampling system that working condition and parameters accurately record when suspended matter sampling operation carries out can be realized simultaneously.The present invention is ground
Study carefully and is completed in the case where state natural sciences fund committee's scientific instrument basic research special project project (51327004) is subsidized.
Invention content
In view of the deficienciess of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of suspended matter sampling cartridge based on LabVIEW host computers
It sets and method, the suspended matter sampling apparatus is based on LabVIEW graphical programming softwares, it can be accurate in suspended matter sampling operation
The parameters of recording device;I.e. the covering device can in real time be acquired by slave computer residing for current time suspended matter sampling apparatus
Depth data, direct current draws water and pumps out on the concentration data and sampling apparatus of suspended matter sample in sampling apparatus surrounding water
The data on flows etc. at the mouth of a river;By the communications of slave computer and host computer, by collected data real-time display to host computer
In interface, and it is saved in host computer in table form;Working condition by the sampling apparatus observed in host computer,
Determine the sampling action of next step.The instant messaging of the real-time data acquisition and slave computer and host computer of slave computer carries significantly
The high efficiency of suspended matter sample collection.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme is that:
A kind of suspended matter sampling apparatus based on LabVIEW host computers includes mainly LabVIEW host computers, slave computer, hangs
Float Acquisition Instrument and RS485 serial communication modulars.
The suspended matter Acquisition Instrument is classified filtering water body formula suspended matter Acquisition Instrument;Pressure is installed in suspended matter Acquisition Instrument
Sensor, turbidity transducer and electromagnetic flowmeter are connected by conducting wire with slave computer.The RS485 serial communication modulars connect
Host computer PC and slave computer are connect, carries out data transmission transmitting with instruction.
The slave computer includes that the single chip control module of core, data acquisition module, pressure pass microcontroller in order to control
Sensor measurement module, turbidity transducer measurement module and electromagnetic flowmeter survey module.The pressure sensor measures mould
Block is for measuring the depth that suspended matter Acquisition Instrument is presently in;The turbidity transducer measurement module is for measuring suspended matter acquisition
The concentration of suspended matter sample in instrument surrounding water;The electromagnetic flowmeter survey module is for measuring direct current on suspended matter Acquisition Instrument
The data on flows of water outlet of water pump;The data acquisition module is AD conversion module, converts electrical signals to target data
Signal.It is connected by conducting wire between each module, the probe segment of sensor is exposed in sampling environment, is realized to different depths
Natural water progress depthkeeping, the quantitative sampling of degree, various concentration.Circuit part is sealingly mounted in designed seal box, close
Jacket is mounted on suspended matter Acquisition Instrument, is entered water together with sampling apparatus and is carried out data acquisition.
The LabVIEW host computers include host computer PC and host computer procedure interface.The host computer, which carries, to be used
The host computer procedure of LabVIEW software programmings, host computer select portable notebook, portable notebook have it is easy to operate,
Portable, the features such as working time is longer;Host computer PC is connect by cable with slave computer.It mainly wraps at host computer procedure interface
Include the waveform charts display window such as depth curve, concentration curve, flow curve;Serial ports, baud rate, data bit, check bit, stopping
The system parameter selections buttons such as position;The operating conditions select button such as sampling time, sampling position;Start to measure, stops measuring, read
The control buttons such as access evidence, write-in database and the new table of addition.When host computer procedure is run, with wave in host computer interface
Depth signal, concentration signal and the flow signal that the form real-time display of shape chart receives, and according to these real-time displays
Signal judge the current working condition of suspended matter sampling apparatus.
The present invention is based on the suspended matter sampling apparatuses of LabVIEW host computers, will be collected by single chip control module
Data are sent to host computer PC, and the current working condition of real-time display suspended matter Acquisition Instrument in host computer interface.Pass through sight
The state for examining each parameter shown in host computer interface, selects corresponding operation button, is connected thereto by host computer PC control
Slave computer, and then control suspended matter Acquisition Instrument sampling action.
A method of suspended matter sampling being carried out using above-mentioned apparatus, specific steps include:
The first step:Complete every preparation before suspended matter sample collection
Check whether LabVIEW host computers, slave computer, suspended matter Acquisition Instrument and RS485 serial communication modulars work normally.
It specifically includes and checks portable notebook working condition;Inspection graduation filters water body formula suspended matter Acquisition Instrument working condition;It checks
Slave computer leakproofness;Check that single chip control module, data acquisition module, pressure sensor measurement module, turbidity transducer are surveyed
Measure the working conditions such as module, electromagnetic flowmeter survey module, pressure sensor, turbidity transducer and electromagnetic flowmeter.
Systematic parameter and sampling condition is arranged in second step in LabVIEW host computer interfaces;The systematic parameter includes
Select serial ports, baud rate, data bit, check bit sum stop position;The sampling condition includes sampling time and sampling position.
Third walks, and runs LabVIEW host computer procedures, and slave computer starts gathered data under water:Pressure sensor measures
Module measures the depth that suspended matter Acquisition Instrument is presently in;Turbidity transducer measurement module measures suspended matter Acquisition Instrument surrounding water
The concentration of middle suspended matter sample;Electromagnetic flowmeter survey module measures the flow of direct current water outlet of water pump on suspended matter Acquisition Instrument
Data;After this collected data of three parts sensor measurement module is AD converted by data acquisition module respectively, by RS485
Serial communication modular is sent to LabVIEW host computers, judges whether data show normally, if abnormal, by host computer interface
It repeats the above steps after debugging;If normal, LabVIEW host computers handle analysis in real time to the data of receiving, and pass through
Each control button sends operational order to single chip control module in host computer interface, will by RS485 serial communication modulars
Operational order is sent to slave computer in real time, and then controls the sampling action of suspended matter Acquisition Instrument next step.
4th step transfers suspended matter Acquisition Instrument, clicks " reading depth value " and " reading concentration value " in host computer interface
Button, the corresponding depth value of host computer interface start recording and concentration value.In decentralization process, judge whether to meet sampling depth
It is required that if not satisfied, then continuing to transfer suspended matter Acquisition Instrument;The 5th step is carried out if meeting.
5th step opens the direct current suction pump of suspended matter Acquisition Instrument, keeps suspended matter Acquisition Instrument in running order, in click
" reading flow value " in the machine interface of position, host computer interface start recording respective streams magnitude.After sampling apparatus runs a period of time,
Judge whether the requirement for meeting the sampling time, if not satisfied, then maintaining the working condition of suspended matter Acquisition Instrument;If satisfied, carrying out
In next step.
Collected depth, concentration and data on flows are sent to host computer by the 6th step by RS485 serial communication modulars
PC;Pressure sensor measurement module, turbidity transducer measurement module and electromagnetic flowmeter survey module stop DATA REASONING.It clicks
" adding new table " in host computer interface preserves new data when in case sampling next time.
7th step:Suspended matter Acquisition Instrument is recycled, suspended matter sampling process is terminated.
It compared to existing suspended matter sampler, effect of the invention and has an advantage that, selects portable notebook conduct
Host computer PC has many advantages, such as that easy to operate, the portable and working time is longer, can meet suspended matter sample well certainly
The requirement of dynamicization acquisition.Meanwhile it is succinct using the host computer interface of LabVIEW programmings, intuitive, it can accurately observe
The real-time change of depth curve, concentration curve, flow curve and its corresponding numerical value, and can be according to the variation feelings of these parameters
Condition selects corresponding control button to send operational order.By the connection of RS485 serial communications, host computer and slave computer are realized
Data transmission with instruction transmit.Reasonable design, easy operation avoids a series of cumbersome when existing suspended matter sampler work
Operation, substantially increase the degree of automation of suspended matter sampling process, save operator largely labour and the time, effectively
Ground improves work efficiency.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure figure of the suspended matter sampling apparatus based on LabVIEW host computers;
Fig. 2 is the slave computer schematic diagram of the suspended matter sampling apparatus based on LabVIEW host computers;
Fig. 3 is the host computer interface of the suspended matter sampling apparatus based on LabVIEW host computers;
Fig. 4 is the operational flowchart of the host computer interface based on LabVIEW;
In figure:1LabVIEW host computers;2 slave computers;3 suspended matter Acquisition Instruments;2-1 single chip control modules;2-2 data are adopted
Collect module;2-3 pressure sensor measurement modules;2-4 turbidity transducer measurement modules;2-5 electrical measurement flowmeter measurement modules;3-1
Pressure sensor;3-2 turbidity transducers;3-3 electromagnetic flowmeters.
Specific implementation mode
It is the specific implementation mode of combination technology scheme (and attached drawing) the narration present invention in detail below.
A kind of suspended matter sampling apparatus based on LabVIEW host computers includes mainly:LabVIEW host computers 1, slave computer 2,
Suspended matter Acquisition Instrument 3 and RS485 serial communication modulars.Specifically, select portable notebook as host computer PC;Select classification
Water body formula suspended matter Acquisition Instrument is filtered as suspended matter Acquisition Instrument 3;Selection includes with the monolithic of STC51 microcontrollers core in order to control
Machine control module 2-1, it is passed by the AD conversion module 2-2 of core, pressure sensor measurement module 2-3, turbidity of TLC2543 chips
Slave computer 2 of each module as sampling system including sensor measurement module 2-4 and electromagnetic flowmeter survey module 2-5 etc.;Choosing
To the RS485 serial communication modulars that MAX485 chips are core.
In Fig. 3, Main Numerical is shown as in host computer interface:Depth curve chart and depth value, concentration curve chart and
Concentration value, flow curve chart and flow value;System parameter setting:Selected including serial ports selection, baud rate selection, data bit,
Check bit selection, stop position selection;Sampling condition is arranged:Including sampling time selection, sampling position selection;Control option:Packet
It includes and starts to measure, read depth value, read concentration value, read flow value, write-in database, stop measuring, add new table.
It is sampled automatically using the suspended matter sampling apparatus auxiliary progress suspended matter sample based on LabVIEW host computers specific
Implementation steps are as follows:
Step 1:Every preparation before suspended matter sample collection is completed, the inspection of portable notebook working condition is included
It looks into;The inspection of 3 working condition of classified filtering water body formula suspended matter Acquisition Instrument;The inspection of 2 leakproofness of slave computer;Microcontroller controls mould
Block 2-1, data acquisition module 2-2, pressure sensor measurement module 2-3, turbidity transducer measurement module 2-4, electromagnetic flowmeter
The inspection etc. of the working conditions such as measurement module 2-5, pressure sensor 3-1, turbidity transducer 3-2 and electromagnetic flowmeter 3-3,
Check that can this system work normally;
Step 2:System parameter setting is carried out in LabVIEW host computer interfaces, including:Serial ports selects, baud rate selects,
Data bit selection, check bit selection and stop position selection;Sampling condition setting, packet are carried out in LabVIEW host computer interfaces
It includes:Sampling time is arranged and the selection of sampling position.
Step 3:" RUN " button is clicked on LabVIEW host computer interface window menus column, then host computer procedure starts
Operation.It clicks in host computer interface and " starts to measure " button, then slave computer 2 starts gathered data under water, and specifically, pressure passes
Sensor measurement module 2-3 starts to measure the depth that suspended matter Acquisition Instrument 3 is presently in, and turbidity transducer measurement module 2-4 starts
The concentration of suspended matter sample in 3 surrounding water of suspended matter Acquisition Instrument is measured, electromagnetic flowmeter survey module 2-5, which starts to measure, to suspend
The data on flows of direct current water outlet of water pump on object Acquisition Instrument 3.Data acquisition module 2-2 is by this three parts sensor measurement module
Collected data are AD converted respectively, and are sent to LabVIEW host computers 1 via RS485 serial communication modulars.At this point,
Judge whether registration shows normally by host computer interface, if abnormal, then after debugging, reruns this system.
Step 4:Suspended matter Acquisition Instrument 3 is transferred, depth curve and concentration curve in host computer interface are observed, and is clicked
" reading depth value " and " reading concentration value " button in the machine interface of position, host computer procedure interface start recording is deep accordingly at this time
Angle value and concentration value.In decentralization process, judge whether the requirement for meeting sampling depth, if not satisfied, then continuing to transfer suspended matter
Acquisition Instrument 3.
Step 5:Direct current suction pump is opened, keeps suspended matter Acquisition Instrument 3 in running order, observes the stream in host computer interface
Curve is measured, and clicks " reading flow value " in host computer interface, at this time the corresponding flow value of host computer interface start recording.It adopts
After sampling device runs a period of time, judge whether the requirement for meeting the sampling time, if not satisfied, then maintaining suspended matter Acquisition Instrument 3
Working condition.
Step 6:" write-in database " button in host computer interface is clicked, by collected depth, concentration and flow number
According to being saved in the database file established on portable notebook in advance." the stopping measuring " clicked in host computer interface is pressed
Button, pressure sensor measurement module 2-3, turbidity transducer measurement module 2-4 and electromagnetic flowmeter survey module 2-5 difference
Stop DATA REASONING." adding new table " in host computer interface is clicked, new database file is established in portable notebook,
New data are preserved when in case sampling next time.
Step 7:Recycle suspended matter Acquisition Instrument 3, then use the suspended matter sampling system based on LabVIEW host computers assist into
The process that row suspended matter sample samples automatically all terminates.
Fig. 4 is that this sampling system is applied to reservoir to carry out the operational flowchart that suspended matter sample samples automatically.
Step S400 brings into operation suspended matter sample automatic sampling system.It carries out step S401 and carries out parameter setting, including
Serial ports selection, baud rate selection, data bit selection, check bit selection and stop position selection, after parameter setting is good, then carry out
Step S402.Step S402 carries out the setting of sampling condition, including sampling time setting and sampling position selection, sampling bar
After part is set, then step S403 is carried out.The " RUN " button on window menu column in LabVIEW host computer interfaces is clicked, or
Shortcut key " Ctrl+R " is selected, then host computer procedure brings into operation, and after program operation, carries out step S404.Click host computer circle
" starting to measure " control button in face, then slave computer start gathered data under water, AD conversion module carries out data respectively
After AD conversion, and host computer is sent to via RS485 serial communication modulars.Step S405 is carried out, host computer interface at this time is observed
In registration whether show normallyIf registration shows abnormal, carries out step S406, click LabVIEW host computer interfaces
" stopping " button on middle window menu column, or selection shortcut key " Ctrl+. ", stop present procedure, and carry out step S407,
It checks circuit connection, after debugging, re-starts step S403;If registration is shown normally, step S408 is carried out, under
Suspended matter Acquisition Instrument is put, depth curve and concentration curve in host computer interface are observed, and clicks " reading in host computer interface
Depth value " and " reading concentration value " button.Step S409 is carried out, judges the requirement for whether having met sampling depth at this timeSuch as
Fruit does not meet, then carries out step S410, continues to transfer suspended matter Acquisition Instrument;If having met sampling depth requirement, carry out
Step S411 opens direct current suction pump, sampling apparatus is made to work, and observes the flow curve in host computer interface, and click upper
" reading flow value " in machine interface.After sampling apparatus runs a period of time, step S412 is carried out, whether judgement meets at this time is adopted
The requirement of sample timeIf do not met, step S413 is carried out, the state for maintaining suspended matter Acquisition Instrument current, when one section of work
Between after, continue step S412;If having met the requirement in sampling time, step S414 is carried out, clicks host computer circle
Collected data, are saved in the database file established in host computer PC in advance by " write-in database " button in face
In.Step S415 is carried out, clicks " stopping measuring " in host computer interface, then slave computer stops measurement data.Carry out step
S416 clicks " adding new table " in host computer interface, new database file is added in host computer PC, in case adopt next time
New data are preserved when sample.Step S417 terminates the automatic sampling process of this suspended matter sample.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method that the suspended matter sampling apparatus based on LabVIEW host computers carries out suspended matter sampling, which is characterized in that should
Method realizes that described suspended matter sampling apparatus includes LabVIEW host computers (1), slave computer based on suspended matter sampling apparatus
(2), suspended matter Acquisition Instrument (3) and RS485 serial communication modulars, RS485 serial communication modulars connect LabVIEW host computers (1)
With slave computer (2), carry out data transmission transmitting with instruction;
The slave computer (2) includes with the microcontroller single chip control module (2-1) of core, data acquisition module in order to control
(2-2), pressure sensor measurement module (2-3), turbidity transducer measurement module (2-4) and electromagnetic flowmeter survey module (2-
5) it, is connected by conducting wire between each module;The data acquisition module (2-2) is AD conversion module;
The LabVIEW host computers (1) include host computer PC and host computer procedure interface, carry and use LabVIEW software programmings
Host computer procedure;The host computer PC is connect by cable with slave computer (2);The host computer procedure interface includes
Waveform chart display window, system parameter selection button, operating condition select button and control button;
Installation pressure sensor (3-1), turbidity transducer (3-2) and electromagnetic flowmeter (3- in the suspended matter Acquisition Instrument (3)
3), it is connected with slave computer (2) by conducting wire;
The method of the suspended matter sampling includes the following steps:
The first step:Check LabVIEW host computers (1), slave computer (2), suspended matter Acquisition Instrument (3) and RS485 serial communication modulars
Whether work normally, completes every preparation before suspended matter sample collection;
Systematic parameter and sampling condition is arranged in second step in LabVIEW host computer interfaces;The systematic parameter includes string
Mouth, baud rate, data bit, check bit sum stop position;The sampling condition includes sampling time and sampling position;
Third walks, and runs LabVIEW host computers (1) program, and slave computer (2) starts gathered data under water:Pressure sensor is surveyed
Amount module (2-3) acquires the depth that suspended matter Acquisition Instrument (3) is presently in;Turbidity transducer measurement module (2-4) acquisition suspends
The concentration of suspended matter sample in object Acquisition Instrument (3) surrounding water;Electromagnetic flowmeter survey module (2-5) acquires suspended matter Acquisition Instrument
(3) data on flows of direct current water outlet of water pump on;Data acquisition module (2-2) adopts above-mentioned three parts sensor measurement module
After the data of collection are AD converted respectively, LabVIEW host computers (1) are sent to by RS485 serial communication modulars, pass through host computer
Program interface judges whether data show normally, repeats the above steps after debugging if abnormal,;If normal, on LabVIEW
Position machine (1) analyzes the data of receiving, by each control button in host computer procedure interface to single chip control module
(2-1) sends operational order, and operational order is sent to slave computer (2) in real time by RS485 serial communication modulars, and control is outstanding
The sampling action of float Acquisition Instrument (3) next step;
4th step, decentralization suspended matter Acquisition Instrument (3), the corresponding depth value of host computer interface start recording and concentration value;Under let off
Cheng Zhong judges whether to meet sampling depth requirement, if not satisfied, continuing to transfer suspended matter Acquisition Instrument (3);The 5th is carried out if meeting
Step;
5th step opens the direct current suction pump of suspended matter Acquisition Instrument (3), keeps suspended matter Acquisition Instrument 3 in running order, host computer
Interface start recording respective streams magnitude;After sampling apparatus runs a period of time, judge whether the requirement for meeting the sampling time, if not
Meet, maintains the working condition of suspended matter Acquisition Instrument 3;If satisfied, carrying out in next step;
Collected depth, concentration and data on flows are sent to host computer PC by the 6th step by RS485 serial communication modulars;
Pressure sensor measurement module (2-3), turbidity transducer measurement module (2-4) and electromagnetic flowmeter survey module (2-5) stop
DATA REASONING;
7th step:Suspended matter Acquisition Instrument (3) is recycled, suspended matter sampling process is terminated.
2. a kind of suspended matter sampling apparatus based on LabVIEW host computers according to claim 1 carries out suspended matter sampling
Method, which is characterized in that the suspended matter Acquisition Instrument (3) be classified filtering water body formula suspended matter Acquisition Instrument.
3. a kind of suspended matter sampling apparatus based on LabVIEW host computers according to claim 1 or 2 carries out suspended matter and adopts
The method of sample, which is characterized in that the waveform chart display window in the host computer procedure interface includes depth curve, concentration
Curve and flow curve display window;The system parameter selection button includes serial ports, baud rate, data bit, check bit sum
Stop position button;The operating condition select button includes sampling time and sampling position button;The control button packet
It includes and starts to measure, stop measuring, read data, write-in database and the new table button of addition.
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CN107677506B (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2019-05-14 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of suspended matter original position filtering and concentrating sampler |
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