CN105784232B - A kind of device for measuring micro-thrust with damping system - Google Patents
A kind of device for measuring micro-thrust with damping system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105784232B CN105784232B CN201610173343.7A CN201610173343A CN105784232B CN 105784232 B CN105784232 B CN 105784232B CN 201610173343 A CN201610173343 A CN 201610173343A CN 105784232 B CN105784232 B CN 105784232B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0052—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes measuring forces due to impact
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of device for measuring micro-thrust with adjustable poly- magnetic high damper, including target system, displacement sensor system, target mounting blocks and damping system;Wherein, it in target system, realizes that the connection between spring beam and target mounting blocks positions by vertical aluminum corner brace, guarantees the verticality of spring beam;Spring beam bottom end is installed by target.In institute's displacement sensors system, sensor mounting rod is vertically arranged, and top is fixed with target mounting blocks bottom surface;Sensor mounting rod bottom end is equipped with displacement sensor by sensor mounting plate.The magnetic stripe that magnetic damper system is made of bar magnet and soft iron block has good poly- magnetic effect, and magnetic stripe is mounted on height-adjustable pedestal so that the damping force of damper facilitate it is adjustable.Advantages of the present invention are as follows: can guarantee that thrust frame moving frame can be got off with fast and stable by damper, can not only reduce experimental period, but also experimental error can be reduced, while will not interfere to the normal work of thruster.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to space micro thrust thruster technical fields, are a kind of with the micro- of damping system specifically
Low thrust measuring device is a part of measuring micro-thrust system.
Background technique
With the development of electric propulsion technology, more and more electric thrusters are devised, but many electric thrusters
Thrust is all mN grades, and the method for normal thrust measurement is difficult to carry out precise measurement to so small thrust.And thrust is
One very important parameter of thruster, if thrust can not be determined, some important performance parameters of thruster, such as than
Rushing also will be unable to determine, this can bring a lot of trouble for the practical application of thruster.
In order to the thrust of precise measurement electric thruster, measuring micro-thrust system is devised.Micro thrust is surveyed
Amount system can be divided into directly measurement and two kinds of measurement indirectly.Complementary field plasma thruster has quality big, complicated
Feature.In addition to thruster itself needs to power, other than gas supply, it is also necessary to an interpole coil, and interpole coil then needs to power
And water supply.So if circuit, water route, gas circuit will bring very the thrust measurement of thruster using mode measured directly
Big interference, and this interference is not easy quantitative analysis, is also not easy to eliminate.Interference in order to avoid route to thrust measurement,
Comparatively ideal mode is using indirect thrust measurement.Measurement object is changed into relatively simple plume by complicated thruster.
One kind that target method measuring micro-thrust system is exactly indirect measurement systems is thrown, is a kind of relatively suitable complementary field plasma-thrust
The mode of device.
From the point of view of available data, domestic Tsinghua University developed the target method thrust-measuring device for micro-nozzle device,
The mounting means of target is suspension type in the device, and when measurement is considered as target the particle of single pendulum.Premise using Pendulum Model is target
Suspension arrangement length with respect to wanting sufficiently large for the characteristic length of target surface, so this measuring device needs biggish sky
Between, and the target for hanging installation certainly exists a shaft, and the force of sliding friction at shaft has certain shadow to measurement result
It rings.And the thruster that this measuring device is directed to is a kind of miniature cold air thruster, and the combustion gas of ejection is nitrogen, temperature compared with
It is low, and it is the plume of high temperature that complementary field plasma thruster, which sprays, operating condition is very severe.In addition for being displaced in the system
The sensor of measurement is eddy current displacement sensor, and this sensor is difficult to the forceful electric power in complementary field plasma thruster plume
It is worked normally in magnetic environment.There is a throwing target method thrust-measuring device for ion thruster in foreign countries, but external
The method for throwing target method measuring device laser reflection when measuring the displacement of target, this method are easy to be issued by engine strong
The interference of light.And in the system target and displacement measuring device be it is separated, the position of each running target requires to re-scale
Thrust frame.So these devices are unsuitable for the thrust measurement of complementary field plasma thruster.
And in throwing target method thrust measurement experiment, the plume temperature of measured engine is usually all very high, for a long time
The temperature that thrust measurement will cause thrust frame increases, and thrust measurement result can generate biggish error, it is desirable that experimental period
Shorten as far as possible.And the damping of thrust frame itself is very small, especially in vacuum environment, so when thrust loads it suddenly
Back pressure frame moving frame can prolonged reciprocally swinging, this also means that the output valve of thrust frame also will appear concussion, and shakes
Amplitude is swung it could even be possible to being more than average value.If directly being measured by the method being averaged will cause more significantly
Thrust measurement error;If acquiring data after waiting thrust frame to stablize again, thrust frame can be because be in high temperature ring for a long time
Significant temperature drift is generated under border, will also result in apparent systematic error.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, designing a kind of measuring micro-thrust present invention is specifically directed to complementary field plasma thruster
Device has damping system, it is ensured that thrust frame moving frame can be got off with fast and stable, can not only reduce experimental period, but also can be with
Experimental error is reduced, while the normal work of thruster will not be interfered.And it is wherein elastic that there is thermal protection system to guarantee
The normal work of element-spring beam and displacement sensor.
The present invention has the device for measuring micro-thrust of adjustable poly- magnetic high damper, including target system, displacement pass
Sensor system and target mounting blocks;In target system, spring beam upper end is fixedly mounted on target mounting blocks, and target is installed in lower end;Displacement passes
In sensor system, sensor mounting rod upper end is fixedly mounted on target mounting blocks, and lower end is equipped with displacement sensor.
The end of the spring beam is connected with damper.Damper is made of movable part and fixed part two parts, living
Dynamic part is damping fin.Fixed part includes soft magnet, bar magnet, fastening strip, magnetic receiver, mounting base and inserting column.Wherein,
Damping fin is fixed with spring beam end, is parallel to the swinging plane of spring beam.Soft magnet is arranged alternately and fixes with strip magnet,
Form magnet strip;Magnet strip top is overlapped with projection of the damping fin lower part on perpendicular;Magnet strip is fixedly installed in magnet
On seat;Magnetic receiver bottom surface is equipped with mounting base, and mounting base is used to fix with thrust frame.
When carrying out thrust measurement, target mounting blocks are fixed on the mobile platform of external displacement mechanism, are held using target
By the shock of engine plume, apparent movement will occur after target is hit for spring beam;Pass through displacement sensor
The displacement that spring beam generates.When spring beam is swung, damping fin is moved with the swing of spring beam, and damping fin will receive magnetic field
Damping, and fast and stable finally reduces experimental period so that reducing thrust frame stablizes the time, reduces thermal deformation bring
It influences.
Advantages of the present invention are as follows:
1, thrust-measuring device of the present invention, the integration for by target mounting blocks entire measuring device being realized are adjusted in this way
Spacing between whole measuring device and engine is with regard to very convenient, it might even be possible to the continuous adjust automatically in measurement process;
2, the present invention has the device for measuring micro-thrust of damping system, and target mounting blocks can be with a displacement machine when in use
The mobile platform of structure is connected, and measuring device entire in this way can be moved very easily, while device various components inside can also
Keep relative position constant, as long as this allows for once being demarcated before experiment it is ensured that measuring knot in whole experiment process
The reliability of fruit;
3, the present invention has the device for measuring micro-thrust of damping system, when considering the work of complementary field plasma thruster
Surrounding has high-intensity magnetic field, and has many charged particles in the plume that it is sprayed, so engine environment has stronger electromagnetic field, it
The electric vortex type displacement sensor that premise is crossed is difficult to work normally under such conditions, therefore selects laser position sensors
It measures, its own influence being subject to can be ignored;
4, the present invention has the device for measuring micro-thrust of damping system, considers that target is in plume center, temperature meeting
It is relatively high, and laser sensor is cisco unity malfunction at high temperature, sensor present position after measurement point is moved up
Temperature is relatively low, while being also convenient for carrying out sensor other thermal protections, therefore the test point selection of displacement sensor is bullet
Property beam rather than target surface;
5, the present invention has the device for measuring micro-thrust of damping system, and target uses aluminum alloy framework good rigidity, and quality
It is small;Using copper sheet energy high temperature resistant, and in ion bombardment, sputtering amount is small, and then keeps measurement sensitiveer;
6, the present invention has the device for measuring micro-thrust of damping system, the movement of spring beam is not interfered, in sensor
Optical path between measurement end, receiving end and spring beam is unobstructed, not the normal work of interference measurement system;
7, the present invention has the device for measuring micro-thrust of damping system, can guarantee that thrust frame is quickly steady by damper
It is fixed, accurately measure thrust magnitude;
8, the present invention has the damper in the device for measuring micro-thrust of damping system, relatively and not using damping fin
For damper, it will can effectively damp area and improve 20 times;
9, the present invention has the device for measuring micro-thrust of damping system, can guarantee that damper will not be original to engine
Magnetic field interfere.
10, invention has in the device for measuring micro-thrust of damping system, opposite between damper and thrust frame moving frame
Position can be accurately adjusted, it means that the damping intensity of damper can be accurately adjusted, and bring very big convenience for measurement.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is device for measuring micro-thrust overall structure diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is magnet strip mounting means schematic diagram in device for measuring micro-thrust of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is mounting base mounting means and position adjustment mode diagram in device for measuring micro-thrust of the present invention.
1- target system 2- displacement sensor system 3- target mounting blocks
The vertical aluminum corner brace of 101- target 102- spring beam 103-
104- positioning step 105- positioning groove 201- sensor mounting rod
202- sensor mounting plate 203- displacement sensor 401- damping fin
402- soft iron block 403- bar magnet 404- fastening strip
405- magnetic receiver 406- mounting base 407- inserting column
408- adjusting screw 409- holding screw 410- fixing screws
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings.
The present invention has the device for measuring micro-thrust of damping system, including target system 1, displacement sensor system 2 and target
Mounting blocks 3 and damper 4, as shown in Figure 1;Wherein, target system 1 includes target 101, spring beam 102 and vertical aluminum corner brace 103;Displacement
Sensing system 2 includes sensor mounting rod 201, sensor mounting plate 202 and displacement sensor 203;Target mounting blocks 3 are target systems
The installation foundation of system 1 and sensing system 2, for realizing the shifting of both target system 1 and sensing system 2 with external displacement mechanism
Fixation between moving platform.
In the target system 1, it is L-type aluminum component that vertical aluminum corner brace 103, which is by the section that transverse slat and stringer board are constituted, for realizing bullet
It is relatively fixed between property beam 102 and target mounting blocks 3.The transverse slat of vertical aluminum corner brace 103 is bonded with the lower surface of target mounting blocks 3, transverse slat
104 side of positioning step designed on end face and target mounting blocks 3 is bonded, and realizes vertical aluminum corner brace 103 front and back on target mounting blocks 3
Upward positioning.It is provided with vertically oriented groove on the lateral surface of stringer board, is used to positioning elastic beam 102.Spring beam 102 and positioning are recessed
Slot is equipped in positioning groove, and 102 top of spring beam is made to withstand 3 bottom surface of target mounting blocks, realizes determining for spring beam 102
Position, will be fixed between spring beam 102 and stringer board by screw.Will be fixed between transverse slat and target mounting blocks 3 by screw, realize spring beam
Fixation between 102 and target mounting blocks 3, and can guarantee by vertical aluminum corner brace 103 verticality of spring beam 102 with positioning step 104.
102 bottom end of spring beam is equipped with target 101;The covering skeleton construction that target 101 is made of copper sheet and aluminum alloy framework;Skeleton is fixed
In 102 bottom end of spring beam;Copper sheet is vertically arranged, and is fixed on skeleton.Above-mentioned spring beam 102, which carries out heat by temperature barrier, to be prevented
Shield prevents hot environment when engine operation from beam temperature is increased, and causes the variation of coefficient of elasticity, or even because overheat hair
Heat deforms and influences thrust measurement.
In institute's displacement sensors system 2, sensor mounting rod 201 is used to connect displacement sensor 203 and target mounting blocks
3;Sensor mounting rod 201 is cylindrical bar, and is relatively large in diameter, and stiffness coefficient is much larger than the stiffness coefficient of spring beam 102;Cause
This, it is believed that displacement sensor 203 and the mobile platform of external displacement mechanism are rigidly connected.Sensor mounting rod 201 is perpendicular
Straight setting, top are protruded into the fixation blind hole opened up on 3 bottom surface side wall of target mounting blocks, are bonded end face with fixed blind hole bottom surface,
Realize the positioning of the vertical direction of sensor mounting rod 201.It is provided with positioning groove on 201 top side wall of sensor mounting rod, is led to
It crosses screw and positioning groove is screwed by the threaded hole that 3 side of target mounting blocks opens up, by 201 top of sensor mounting rod and positioning groove
It is interior to hold out against, realize the fixation between sensor mounting rod 201 and target mounting blocks 3.The sensor mounting rod 201 and displacement sensing
It is connected between device 203 by sensor mounting plate 202,201 bottom end of sensor mounting rod is equipped with position by sensor mounting plate 202
Displacement sensor 201, and the front-rear direction position of displacement sensor 203 is adjusted, concrete mode are as follows: 201 bottom of sensor mounting rod
End face is held to be provided with threaded hole along axial direction, 202 center of sensor mounting plate is provided with bar shaped stepped hole, by screw by sensor
Bar shaped stepped hole is passed through below mounting plate 203, screw thread is connect with 202 bottom end threaded hole of sensor mounting rod.Sensor mounting plate
Displacement sensor 201 is installed on 203 lower surfaces;Displacement sensor can be achieved in the location of stepped hole by screw as a result,
201 position in the front-back direction adjust.Upper displacement sensors 201 use laser displacement sensor, this working sensor
There is suitable gap between Shi Yaoqiu measured object and sensor, and Laser emission window is wanted in the middle part of face spring beam, Laser emission
Direction will be maintained at 35mm or so perpendicular to target, the distance of launch window to spring beam;And displacement sensor 201 is in plume direction
On sectional area it is smaller, area is only the 5% of target, and the location of displacement sensor 201 has moved away from the center of plume
Region, the displacement of displacement sensor 201 is negligible under the action of plume as a result,.
The end of above-mentioned spring beam 102 is connected with damper 4.The damper 4 is by movable part and fixed part two
Divide and constitute, as shown in Figure 1;Movable part is damping fin 401.Fixed part is the major part of damper, is fixed on thrust
On the pedestal of frame;Fixed part include soft magnet 402, bar magnet 403, fastening strip 404, magnetic receiver 405, mounting base 406 with
Inserting column 407.Wherein, damping fin 401 is fixed together for two with 102 end of spring beam, is located at 102 liang of spring beam
Side is parallel to the swinging plane of spring beam 102, can move with the swing of spring beam 102, and 401 material of damping fin is aluminium conjunction
Gold;The lateral area of damping fin 401 improves 20 times or more relative to the lateral area of spring beam, can significantly increase the effect in magnetic field
Area enhances damping.Soft magnet 402 is arranged alternately with bar magnet 403, is alternately present the pole strip magnet NS;It is adjacent
Soft magnet 402 and bar magnet 403 between fixed by glue, formed magnet strip, the magnetic field of magnet strip is self-enclosed, so that separate
The magnetic field of 4 position of damper is very faint, therefore the influence to ambient enviroment can drop to very low degree.Magnet strip is located at
In the gap formed between two damping fins 401, and then make magnet strip top and projection weight of the damping fin lower part on perpendicular
It closes;And when relative motion between magnet strip and damping fin 401, the two is not directly contacted with.Above-mentioned magnet strip is used to generate magnetic field, this
Kind magnetic field has good polymerism, that is, very strong in magnet strip surrounding magnetic field, and in the position far from magnet strip, magnetic field can be fast
Speed decaying not only can guarantee that sufficiently strong magnetic field generated damping in this way, but also the magnetic field of damper 4 can be prevented to magnetosensitive around
Sensing unit interferes.Spacing between magnet strip and damping fin 401 in the horizontal direction is no more than 3mm, and the gap of damper 4
Neighbouring magnetic field is very strong, so significant damping can be generated.Magnetic receiver 405 equally uses strip structure, and length is greater than magnet
The length of item.405 top surface of magnetic receiver is axially provided with groove along magnetic receiver 405, for installing magnet strip.Since magnet strip is by soft iron
Block and magnet strip are bonded, and intensity is very poor, if directly withstanding magnet strip with screw, can destroy its structure, therefore in magnet strip
Two sides lower part is axially provided with fastening strip 404 along magnet strip, by fastening strip 404 plus firmly magnet strip, and by fastening strip 404 with
Magnet strip is installed on together in 405 top surface groove of magnetic receiver.405 two sides of magnetic receiver are provided with threaded hole, by fixing screws 410 with
Threaded hole cooperation is screwed in and is tightened, and so that 410 end of fixing screws is compressed two fastening strips 404, and then realize magnet strip and magnet
Fixation between seat 405.The mounting base 406 be two, be respectively arranged at 405 both ends of magnetic receiver, between magnetic receiver 405 without
It is fixed, but inserting column 406 is installed in mounting base 406;Pilot hole is opened up at 404 both ends of magnetic receiver simultaneously, passes through pilot hole
Magnetic receiver both ends are inserted in respectively on the inserting column 406 in mounting base, realize the positioning between magnetic receiver 404 and mounting base 405.Peace
Dress seat 405 is used to for damper 4 being fixed on the pedestal of thrust frame;405 bottom surface of mounting base is provided with groove 407, and groove 407 is used to
Cooperate grafting with the boss on thrust frame;And 405 side of mounting base is provided with threaded hole, screws in threaded hole by holding screw 409
And tighten, make 409 end compression boss of holding screw, realizes the fixation between mounting base 405 and thrust frame, and then realize damper
Fixation between 4 and thrust frame.
Vertical adjusting screw hole, two adjusting screws 408 and adjusting screw hole are also provided in the present invention at 405 both ends of magnetic receiver
Matching thread connection, makes 408 end of adjusting screw withstand 405 top surface of mounting base.The length of adjusting screw 408 is greater than adjustment screw hole
Length, and then by screwing adjusting screw 408 after, can make magnetic receiver 405 move up and down, change magnet strip and damping fin
The spacing between magnet strip and damping fin in the vertical direction is adjusted in 0~-45mm range in overlapping area between 401, real
Existing damping intensity is adjusted, and brings very big convenience for measurement.During magnetic receiver 405 moves upwards, pacify in mounting base 405
The inserting column 406 of dress can play guiding role, and the bottom surface of magnetic receiver 404 is made to remain parallel with the top surface of mounting base 405.
When measuring using thrust-measuring device of the present invention, target mounting blocks 3 are fixed on to the movement of external displacement mechanism
On platform, the shock of engine plume is born using target 101, since target 101 and spring beam 102 are connected, and spring beam 102
Stiffness coefficient is smaller, is easy to happen bending, therefore apparent movement will occur after being hit by plume for target 101.It is located at
The displacement sensor 201 at 101 rear of target is the displacement for measuring the generation of spring beam 102;Displacement sensor 201 can measure it
Itself can measure elasticity to the spacing between front obstacle (spring beam 102) when spring beam 102 bends in this way
The displacement of beam 102.Since engine plume has certain decaying during injection, it is possible to different by measurement
Then thrust at position analyzes the value of truer thrust.When spring beam 102 is swung, damping fin 401 is with spring beam 102
Swing and move, due to damping fin 401 be in magnet strip generation magnetic field in, damping fin 401 will receive the damping in magnetic field, and
Fast and stable finally reduces experimental period so that reducing thrust frame stablizes the time, and reducing thermal deformation bring influences.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of device for measuring micro-thrust with adjustable poly- magnetic high damper, including target system, displacement sensor
System and target mounting blocks;In target system, spring beam upper end is fixedly mounted on target mounting blocks, and target is installed in lower end;Displacement sensor
In system, sensor mounting rod upper end is fixedly mounted on target mounting blocks, and lower end is equipped with displacement sensor;It is characterized by:
The end of the spring beam is connected with damper;
Damper is made of movable part and fixed part two parts, and movable part is damping fin;Fixed part include soft magnet,
Bar magnet, fastening strip, magnetic receiver, mounting base and inserting column;Wherein, damping fin is fixed with spring beam end, is parallel to elasticity
The swinging plane of beam;Soft magnet is arranged alternately and fixes with strip magnet, forms magnet strip;Magnet strip top and damping fin lower part
Projection on perpendicular is overlapped;Magnet strip is fixedly installed on magnetic receiver;Magnetic receiver bottom surface is equipped with mounting base, mounting base
For being fixed with thrust frame;
The mounting base is two, magnetic receiver both ends is respectively arranged at, without fixation between magnetic receiver, but in mounting base
Inserting column is installed;Pilot hole is opened up at magnetic receiver both ends simultaneously, is inserted at magnetic receiver both ends in mounting base respectively by pilot hole
Inserting column on, realize the positioning between magnetic receiver and mounting base;Mounting base is used to for damper being fixed on the pedestal of thrust frame;
Mounting base bottom surface is provided with groove, and groove is used to cooperate grafting with the boss on thrust frame;And mounting base side is provided with threaded hole, leads to
It crosses holding screw to screw in threaded hole and tighten, makes holding screw end compression boss, realize the fixation between mounting base and thrust frame,
And then realize the fixation between damper and thrust frame;Magnetic receiver both ends are also provided with vertical adjusting screw hole, two adjusting screws with
The connection of screw hole matching thread is adjusted, adjusting screw end is made to withstand mounting base top surface;The length of adjusting screw is greater than adjustment screw hole
Length, and then by screwing adjusting screw after, magnetic receiver can be made to move up and down, change being overlapped between magnet strip and damping fin
The spacing between magnet strip and damping fin in the vertical direction is adjusted in 0~-45mm range in area, realizes damping intensity
It adjusts, brings very big convenience for measurement;During magnetic receiver moves upwards, the inserting column installed in mounting base can be played
Guiding role makes the bottom surface of magnetic receiver remain parallel with the top surface of mounting base.
2. a kind of device for measuring micro-thrust with adjustable poly- magnetic high damper as described in claim 1, feature
Be: damping fin is two, is located at spring beam two sides.
3. a kind of device for measuring micro-thrust with adjustable poly- magnetic high damper as described in claim 1, feature
Be: damping fin material is aluminium alloy.
4. a kind of device for measuring micro-thrust with adjustable poly- magnetic high damper as described in claim 1, feature
Be: magnet strip and damping distance between commutator segments are no more than 3mm.
5. a kind of device for measuring micro-thrust with adjustable poly- magnetic high damper as described in claim 1, feature
It is: the mounting means between magnet strip and magnetic receiver are as follows: magnetic receiver top surface is provided with groove, and magnet strip is set between groove, and two
Fastening strip is provided between side and groove;It is tightened after screwing in the threaded hole that magnetic receiver two sides open up by fixing screws, by fastening strip
It compresses, realizes the fixation between magnet strip and magnetic receiver.
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CN107543642B (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2018-09-21 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of target method measures the device and milli ox grade vacuum plume aerodynamic force system of electric thruster thrust |
CN110413015B (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2023-08-01 | 北京控制工程研究所 | Micro-bovine-magnitude micro-thrust dynamic test board based on closed-loop control and test method |
CN110333019A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-10-15 | 北京航空航天大学 | It is a kind of for measuring the pressure probe and measuring system of electric thruster dynamic pressure performance |
CN110488209B (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2020-08-07 | 南京航空航天大学 | Permanent magnet loss rate measuring device |
CN112284589B (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2021-12-07 | 上海新力动力设备研究所 | Symmetrical pendulum type micro-thrust measuring device |
CN114486029B (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2023-08-25 | 西安航天动力研究所 | Cantilever type micro-thrust measurement system and electromagnetic standard force calibration method thereof |
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