CN105783292B - A kind of solar energy collector system - Google Patents
A kind of solar energy collector system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105783292B CN105783292B CN201610246092.0A CN201610246092A CN105783292B CN 105783292 B CN105783292 B CN 105783292B CN 201610246092 A CN201610246092 A CN 201610246092A CN 105783292 B CN105783292 B CN 105783292B
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- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 56
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910010038 TiAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D15/00—Other domestic- or space-heating systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
- F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
- F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
- F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
- F28F1/14—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N11/00—Generators or motors not provided for elsewhere; Alleged perpetua mobilia obtained by electric or magnetic means
- H02N11/002—Generators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of solar energy collector systems, the system comprises temperature difference electricity generation devices and radiator, first valve, second valve, 3rd valve, temperature sensor, the heat collector connects to form circulation loop with temperature difference electricity generation device, heat collector connects to form circulation loop with radiator, pipeline where temperature difference electricity generation device and radiator is in parallel, heat collector absorbs solar energy, heat the water in heat collector, water after heating respectively enters temperature difference electricity generation device and radiator by outlet pipeline, it generates electricity in temperature difference electricity generation device, it exchanges heat in radiator, the water flowed out in temperature difference electricity generation device and in radiator, which enters in process water return pipeline in heat collector, to exchange heat.The present invention can make full use of solar energy, avoid the loss of solar heat, and extra solar energy is stored in the form of electric energy, subsequently to use.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of solar energy more particularly to a kind of solar energy collector systems.
Background technology
With the rapid development of modern social economy, the mankind are increasing to the demand of the energy.However coal, oil, day
The traditional energies storage levels such as right gas constantly reduce, are increasingly in short supply, cause rising steadily for price, while conventional fossil fuel causes
Problem of environmental pollution it is also further serious, these all limit the development of society and the raising of human life quality significantly.The energy
Problem has become most one of distinct issues of contemporary world.Thus seek the new energy, particularly free of contamination cleaning energy
Source has become the hot spot of present people's research.
Solar energy is a kind of inexhaustible clean energy resource, and stock number is huge, and earth surface is received every year
Solar radiant energy total amount be 1 × 1018KWh, for more than 10,000 times of the world year consumption gross energy.Countries in the world are all too
It is positive can by the use of as important one of new energy development, the Chinese government exists《The government work report》Also clearly propose to accumulate already
New energy is developed in pole, and wherein the utilization of solar energy is especially in occupation of prominent position.It is reached yet with solar radiation tellurian
Energy density is small（About one kilowatt every square metre）, and be discontinuous again, this brings certain tired to large-scale utilization
It is difficult.Therefore, in order to utilize solar energy extensively, not only to solve the problems, such as technical, but also economically must be able to conventional energy
Source mutually competes.
The solar energy that solar thermal collector absorbs is now in some cases there may be surplus, this part solar energy can at this time
It can lose, it is therefore desirable to a kind of that superfluous heat is made full use of.
No matter the solar thermal collector of which kind of form and structure, will there are one the absorption portions for being used for absorbing solar radiation
Part, the structure of heat collector play an important role the absorption of solar energy.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of new solar energy collector system, so as to effective profit
Use solar energy.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme is as follows：A kind of solar energy collector system, including thermal-arrest
Pipe, speculum and collecting plate are connected by collecting plate between adjacent two thermal-collecting tubes, so that multiple thermal-collecting tubes and adjacent
Tube plate structure is formed between collecting plate；The tube plate structure parabolically shape structure or arc-shaped structure, the parabola or circle
The bending direction of arc and the parabolic structure of speculum on the contrary, the focus of tube plate structure and the focus of speculum on a point.
Protrusion for augmentation of heat transfer is set on the thermal-collecting tube lower wall surface opposite with speculum, to strengthen the suction to solar energy
It receives, extends along thermal-collecting tube middle part to both sides, the height of projection of the lower wall surface of thermal-collecting tube is more and more lower.
Protrusion for augmentation of heat transfer is set on the thermal-collecting tube lower wall surface opposite with speculum, to strengthen the suction to solar energy
It receives, extends along thermal-collecting tube middle part to both sides, the density of protrusions of the lower wall surface of thermal-collecting tube is more and more lower.
Surfaces of collector tubes applies heat-sink shell, and the heat-sink shell includes infrared reflection coating from thermal-collecting tube, inhales successively from inside to outside
The thickness of hot coating and antireflection coatings, wherein infrared reflection coating, heat absorbing coating and antireflection coatings be respectively 0.17um,
0.65um、0.15um；The infrared reflection coating is from inside to outside Cu, Ag two layers, and two layers of thickness proportion is 11:5；Heat absorption applies
Layer includes NbN, TiAl, Cr successively from inside to outside2O3Three layers, three layers of thickness proportion is 10:3:4；Antireflection coatings are from interior
Outwards it is Nb successively2O5, Al2O3, SiO2And Si3N4Four layers, wherein four layers of thickness proportion is 5:4:4:2.
Extend in the middle part of along thermal-collecting tube to both sides, the caliber of thermal-collecting tube can be less and less.
Extend in the middle part of along thermal-collecting tube to both sides, the width of the collecting plate between two thermal-collecting tubes of connection is increasing.
Solar energy collector system, further includes the radiator being connected with heat collector by pipeline, and radiator includes upper header
Finned tube with lower collector pipe and positioned at upper lower collector pipe, the finned tube are cylindricality finned tube, and the finned tube includes being located at
The cuboid of center and the fins set positioned at cuboid periphery, the cross section of the cuboid are squares, from transversal
It is seen on face, the fins set includes from four square diagonal outwardly extending main fins and from main fin outwardly extending the
One secondary fin, the fins set are further included from the outwardly extending second secondary fin of four sides of square, the same main fin
The the first secondary fin extended to same direction is parallel to each other, and the with extending to same direction second secondary fin is parallel to each other,
The end of the main fin and secondary fin extension forms equilateral octagon.
Angle between the secondary fin of described first and main fin is 45 °, and the distance of the adjacent secondary fin is L1,
The length of side of the square is L0, and the height of the main fin is L2, and the relation of above-mentioned three meets equation below：
L1/L0=a*ln (L2/L0)+b, wherein ln is logarithmic function, 0.22<a<0.24,0.20<b<0.23,
40mm<=L0<=60mm,10mm<=L1<=25mm,55mm<=L2<=80mm;
0.2<L1/L0<0.42,1.2<L2/L0<2.0;0.03<L1/H<=0.15,
The height of finned tube is H, 100mm<H<300mm.
The solar energy collector system, including the temperature difference electricity generation device being connected with heat collector progress pipeline, temperature difference hair
Electric installation includes babinet, heat pipe, thermoelectric generation film, thermo-electric generation sheet heat radiator, controller and accumulator, and heat is set in babinet
Pipe, one end of thermoelectric generation film are connected with heat pipe, and the other end is connected with radiator, and thermoelectric generation film also passes through controller and electric power storage
Pond is connected.
The solar energy collector system includes temperature difference electricity generation device and radiator, the first valve, the second valve, the 3rd
Valve, temperature sensor, the heat collector connect to form circulation loop with temperature difference electricity generation device, and heat collector connects shape with radiator
Into circulation loop, the pipeline where temperature difference electricity generation device and radiator is in parallel, and heat collector absorbs solar energy, heats in heat collector
Water, the water after heating respectively enter temperature difference electricity generation device and radiator by outlet pipeline, are sent out in temperature difference electricity generation device
Electricity exchanges heat in radiator, and the water flowed out in temperature difference electricity generation device and in radiator is entering collection by water return pipeline
It exchanges heat in hot device.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantage that：
1）Solar energy can be made full use of, avoids the loss of solar heat, by extra solar energy in the form of electric energy
It stores, subsequently to use.
2) a kind of new temperature difference electricity generation device is provided, meets the needs of solar energy；
3）The present invention is obtained an optimal radiator optimum results, and is carried out by experiment by test of many times
Verification, so as to demonstrate the accuracy of result.
4）It by central controller, realizes and valve is automatically controlled, so as to fulfill efficiently using for solar energy.
5）By the shape of the parabolical flat tube of the thermal-collecting tube of heat collector, the absorption solar energy being optimal.
6）The present invention carries out meticulous selection and experiment to the material and thickness of heat-sink shell, has reached the skill of best heat absorption
Art effect.
7）The structure of heat collector is reasonably designed, heat collector local temperature is avoided to overheat.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of solar energy collector system
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of temperature difference electricity generation device
Fig. 3 is fin tube structure schematic diagram
Fig. 4 is heat spreader structures schematic diagram
Fig. 5 is collector structure schematic diagram
Fig. 6 is the partial schematic diagram of the fin tube structure of Fig. 3
Fig. 7 is the side view of the finned tube of Fig. 3
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of adjacent fins pipe connection
Reference numeral is as follows：
1 heat collector, 2 temperature difference electricity generation devices, 3 radiators, 4 valves, 5 valves, 6 temperature sensors, 7 temperature difference electricity generation devices enter
Mouth pipe, 8 heat collector outlet pipelines, 9 cuboid base tubes, 10 base tubes, 11 main fins, 12 second secondary fins, 13 first secondary fins, 14
Babinet, 15 controllers, 16 radiator inlet pipes, 17 heat collector water return pipelines, 18 valves, 19 temperature sensors, 20 thermal-collecting tubes, 21
Speculum, 21 thermal-collecting tube lower wall surfaces, 22 collecting plates, 23 heat pipes, 24 thermoelectric generation films, 25 thermo-electric generation sheet heat radiators, 26 electric power storages
Pond, 27 users.
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
A kind of solar energy collector system, as shown in Figure 1, the system comprises heat collector 1, temperature difference electricity generation device 2 and dissipating
Hot device 3, valve 4, valve 5, valve 18, temperature sensor 6, the heat collector 1 connect formation with temperature difference electricity generation device 2 and are recycled back to
Road, heat collector 1 connect to form circulation loop with radiator 3, and the pipeline where temperature difference electricity generation device 2 and radiator 3 is in parallel, thermal-arrest
Device 1 absorbs solar energy, heats the water in heat collector 1, and the water after heating respectively enters temperature difference electricity generation device 2 by outlet pipeline 8
It with radiator 3, generates electricity in temperature difference electricity generation device 2, exchanges heat in radiator 3, in temperature difference electricity generation device 2 and dissipate
The water flowed out in hot device 3, which enters in process water return pipeline 17 in heat collector 1, to exchange heat.
In above system, while power generation by solar energy in temperature difference electricity generation device 2, can utilize radiator to
Outer heat dissipation.Certainly, radiator and temperature difference electricity generation device can be with one of independent operatings or isolated operation.
As shown in Figure 1, valve 4 is arranged on outlet pipe, for controlling into the total of temperature difference electricity generation device 2 and radiator 3
Water, valve 5 is arranged on the position of the inlet tube 16 of the pipeline where radiator 3, for controlling into the water of radiator 3
Flow, valve 18 is arranged on the position of the inlet tube 7 of the pipeline at 2 place of temperature difference electricity generation device, for controlling into thermo-electric generation
The flow of the water of device 2, temperature sensor 6 are arranged at the position of the entrance of radiator 3, for measuring into radiator 3
The temperature of water.The system also includes central controller, the central controller and valve 4, valve 5, valve 18, temperature sensing
Device 6 carries out data connection.
Preferably, when the temperature that temperature sensor 6 measures is less than certain temperature, central controller controls valve
5 increase aperture, while control valve 18 reduces aperture, to increase into the flow of the hot water of radiator 3 to increase heat dissipation capacity.When
When the temperature that temperature sensor 6 measures is higher than certain temperature, central controller controls valve 5 reduces aperture, same to time control
Valve 18 processed increases aperture, to reduce into the flow of the hot water of radiator 3 to increase heat dissipation capacity.
When the temperature that temperature sensor 6 measures it is low to a certain extent when, radiator externally exchanges heat at this time ability meeting
It is deteriorated, normal heating demands can not be met, this shows that the thermal-arrest ability of solar thermal collector also goes wrong, such as sunlight
It is not now when not having the sun in very strong or evening, valve 4 can be automatically closed at this time, and valve 5 and valve 18 can be beaten completely
It opens, the pipeline where temperature difference electricity generation device and radiator forms a circulation line, and water enters temperature difference electricity generation device, thermo-electric generation
To being heated into water in temperature difference electricity generation device, the water of heating enters in radiator 3 to radiate the electric energy of device storage.
By above-mentioned operation, it can meet the heat-sinking capability of radiator 3 when sunray is strong, that is, meeting
After user's radiating requirements, by more than heat generated electricity by temperature difference electricity generation device 2, solar thermal collector 1 supply thermal energy
In the case of hypodynamic, using the electric energy heating recirculated water of temperature difference electricity generation device storage, to meet the radiating requirements of radiator 3.
Solar energy can be so made full use of, avoids the waste of excessive heat.
Preferably, the temperature into the water in radiator 3 can not be utilized to automatically control the flow of water, may be employed
The environment temperature on radiator periphery is measured, for example, the indoor temperature of measurement radiator（By setting indoor temperature transmitter）Come
The flow into the water of radiator is automatically controlled, if indoor temperature is too low, increases the flow of the water into radiator 3, such as
Fruit indoor temperature is excessively high, then reduces the flow of the water into radiator 3.
Certainly, one of flow is controlled by indoor temperature on condition that the temperature that temperature sensor 6 measures is needed higher than one
Otherwise constant temperature degree, when the thermal-arrest of solar thermal collector is less able, increases flow, heat dissipation effect all will not anyway
Very well.
When the pipeline where temperature difference electricity generation device and radiator forms a circulation line, when temperature sensor 6
When the temperature of measurement is less than certain temperature, controller 15 controls accumulator 26, improves the output power of accumulator 26, with
Improve the temperature for flowing through the water in temperature difference electricity generation device.When the temperature that temperature sensor 6 measures is higher than certain temperature,
Controller 15 controls accumulator 26, reduces the output power of accumulator 26, to improve the temperature for flowing through the water in temperature difference electricity generation device
Degree.
Control in this way can rationally utilize the electricity of accumulator, avoid the loss of electricity.
The structure of the temperature difference electricity generation device 2 is as shown in Fig. 2, the temperature difference electricity generation device 2 includes babinet 14, heat pipe
23rd, thermoelectric generation film 24, thermo-electric generation sheet heat radiator 25, controller 15 and accumulator 26, babinet is interior to set heat pipe 23, temperature difference hair
One end of electric piece 24 is connected with heat pipe, and the other end is connected with radiator 25, and thermoelectric generation film 24 also passes through controller 15 and electric power storage
Pond 26 is connected.
Preferably, thermoelectric generation film 24 is also connected by controller 15 with user, the required electric energy of user has been provided.
Preferably, controller 15 controls temperature difference electricity generation device is limited to meet user power utilization demand, controller determines first
Electricity needed for user, after the electricity for then sending thermoelectric generation film subtracts the electricity of user again, remaining electricity is stored in
It is spare in accumulator 26.
Although Fig. 2 shows only a thermoelectric generation film, but be not limited to one in practice, can set multiple with full
The demand to generate electricity enough.
Preferably, the radiator is finned tubular radiator, and concrete structure is referring to Fig. 4.Finned tube includes upper header 10
With lower collector pipe 10 and the finned tube positioned at upper lower collector pipe.The finned tube is cylindricality finned tube, and the finned tube includes position
Cuboid 9 in center and the fins set positioned at cuboid periphery, the cross section of the cuboid 9 is square, from
It is seen on cross section, the fins set includes from four square diagonal outwardly extending main fins 11 and outside from main fin 11
The secondary fin 13 of the first of extension, the fins set is further included from the outwardly extending second secondary fin 12 of four sides of square, described
The the first secondary fin 13 extended to same direction of same main fin 11 is parallel to each other, and second with extending to same direction
Secondary fin 12 is parallel to each other, and the end that the main fin 11 and secondary fin 12,13 extend forms equilateral octagon.
Preferably, as shown in figure 3, the plane mirror symmetry that finned tube is formed along square diagonal, while along
The plane that line where the midpoint of two opposite side of square is formed is also mirror symmetry.
Preferably, as shown in figure 3, the center line of main fin 11 it is vertical with equilateral octagonal a line and with equilateral eight side
The tie point of shape is located at the midpoint on equilateral octagonal side.
As shown in Figure 3, it is preferred that the second secondary fin 2 ", 2 ' is arranged at the diagonal position of square.
As shown in figure 3,1 ', 2 ', 1 ", 2 " signified secondary fins are the second secondary fin, 3 ', 4 ', 5 ', 3 ", 4 ", 5 " institutes
The secondary fin of finger is the first secondary fin.
The length of first secondary fin is with shorter and shorter apart from the diagonal distance of main fin.
In the case that the length on the side of square is certain, main fin and secondary fin are longer, then theoretically heat transfer effect is better,
It is found during experiment, when main fin reaches certain length with secondary fin, then heat transfer effect just increases very unknown
It is aobvious, it is primarily due to increase with main fin and secondary finned length, it is also more and more lower in the temperature of flight tip, as temperature reduces
To a certain extent, then it can cause heat transfer effect unobvious, also add the cost of material on the contrary, meanwhile, in heat transfer process, if
Finned tube height is too high or secondary fin between spacing it is too small, the deterioration of heat transfer effect is also be easy to cause, because with height
Increase, boundary layer is thickening, and boundary layer mutually coincides between causing adjacent fins, deteriorate heat transfer, finned tube height it is too low or
Spacing between secondary fin causes heat exchange area to reduce very much greatly, affects the transmission of heat, thus adjacent secondary fin away from
Meet the size relationship of an optimization from, the length of side of square, between the length of main fin and the height of finned tube.
Therefore, the present invention is the optimal wing summed up by thousands of secondary test datas of the finned tube of multiple and different sizes
The dimensionally-optimised relation of piece pipe.
Angle between the secondary fin of described first and main fin is 45 °, and the distance of the adjacent secondary fin is L1,
The length of side of the square is L0, and the height of the main fin is L2, and the relation of above-mentioned three meets equation below：
L1/L0=a*ln (L2/L0)+b, wherein ln is logarithmic function, 0.22<a<0.24,0.20<b<0.23,
40mm<=L0<=60mm,10mm<=L1<=25mm,55mm<=L2<=80mm;
0.2<L1/L0<0.42,1.2<L2/L0<2.0;0.03<L1/H<=0.15。
Preferably, the height of finned tube is H, 100mm<H<300mm.It is preferred that 150-220mm.
As shown in fig. 7, the height H of finned tube only calculates the height of the part with fin.
Preferred a=0.24, b=0.22,10mm<=L1<=14mm.
It should be noted that the distance L1 of adjacent pair fin is the distance counted since the center of secondary fin.
By being tested again after result of calculation, by calculating the numerical value on border and median, the result of gained is basic
Upper to match with formula, error is substantially within 3%, and maximum relative error is no more than 5%, and mean error is 1.8%.
Preferably, the distance of the adjacent secondary fin is identical.Between wherein first secondary fin 13 and main fin 12
Angle, which is 45 °, means secondary fin 13 perpendicular to the diagonal a line of main fin, simultaneously as secondary fin is parallel to each other so that the
Second mate's fin is perpendicular to the side of its square extended.Mainly fully radiate to reduce flow dead zone, prismatic finned tube week
The form that the fin design enclosed is respectively perpendicular into four sides with intermediate cuboid.
Preferably, the width of main fin is greater than the width of secondary fin.
Preferably, the width of main fin is b4, and the width of secondary fin is b2, wherein 2.5*b2<b4<3.5*b2;
Preferably, the width of main fin and the length relation on the side of square are 0.06*L0<b4<0.10*L0.
Preferably, the pipe thickness of 9 pipe of cuboid is 1-3mm, preferably 2mm.
Preferably, as shown in figure 8, adjacent fins pipe is leaning closely against together, also interconnected between corresponding fin, from
And form the passage of air.
Preferably, the structure of heat collector is as shown in figure 5, including thermal-collecting tube 20, speculum 21 and collecting plate 22, and adjacent two
It is connected between a thermal-collecting tube 20 by collecting plate 22, so that forming tube sheet knot between multiple thermal-collecting tubes and adjacent collecting plate
Structure；The bending direction and speculum of the tube plate structure parabolically shape structure or arc-shaped structure, the parabola or circular arc
21 parabolic structure on the contrary, the focus of tube plate structure and the focus of speculum 21 on a point.By setting such structure,
The endotherm area of thermal-collecting tube can be expanded, the wide part that speculum reflects is made all to be reflected into thermal-collecting tube or coupled collection
On hot plate, while the reflected light of thermal-collecting tube is reflected into thermal-collecting tube and collecting plate again by speculum, absorbs thermal-collecting tube more
Heat.
Preferably, along thermal-collecting tube middle part（That is A points）To both sides（That is 2 points of B, C）Extension, the caliber of thermal-collecting tube can be more next
It is smaller.Main cause is that middle part is heated most, and is extended from middle part to both sides, absorbs heat and continuously decreases.By caliber not
Disconnected reduction can cause being heated evenly for water in entire thermal-collecting tube, avoid that medium temperature is excessively high and both sides temperature is too low.So
The material of intermediate thermal-collecting tube can also be avoided to be easily damaged at high temperature, the temperature that can keep entire thermal-collecting tube is equal
It is even, prolong the service life.
Preferably, along thermal-collecting tube middle part（That is A points）To both sides（That is 2 points of B, C）The distance between extension, thermal-collecting tube are more
The width for carrying out more remote, i.e., collecting plate between two thermal-collecting tubes of connection is increasing.Main cause is that middle part is heated most, and from
Middle part extends to both sides, absorbs heat and continuously decreases.By the continuous increase of collecting plate width, it can cause entire thermal-collecting tube
Middle water is heated evenly, and avoids that medium temperature is excessively high and both sides temperature is too low.The material of intermediate thermal-collecting tube can also so be avoided
Material is easily damaged at high temperature for a long time, and the temperature that can keep entire thermal-collecting tube is uniform, prolongs the service life.
The lower wall surface of thermal-collecting tube（The face opposite with speculum 21）The upper protrusion set for augmentation of heat transfer, to strengthen to too
The absorption of positive energy.To both sides in the middle part of along thermal-collecting tube（That is the left and right sides direction of Fig. 5 thermal-collecting tubes 20）Extension, the lower wall of thermal-collecting tube
The height of projection in face is more and more lower.Main cause is that middle part is heated most, and is extended from middle part to both sides, absorbs heat and gradually drops
It is low.By the continuous reduction of height of projection, it can cause being heated evenly for water in entire thermal-collecting tube, avoid medium temperature excessively high
And both sides temperature is too low.The material of intermediate thermal-collecting tube can also so be avoided to be easily damaged at high temperature, can be kept
The temperature of entire thermal-collecting tube is uniform, prolongs the service life.
Preferably, along in the middle part of thermal-collecting tube to both sides（That is the left and right sides direction of Fig. 5 thermal-collecting tubes 20）Extension, thermal-collecting tube
Lower wall surface density of protrusions it is more and more lower.Main cause is that middle part is heated most, and is extended from middle part to both sides, absorbs heat
It continuously decreases.By the continuous reduction of density of protrusions, it can cause being heated evenly for water in entire thermal-collecting tube, avoid intermediate temperature
It spends high and both sides temperature is too low.The material of intermediate thermal-collecting tube can also so be avoided to be easily damaged at high temperature, it can
To keep the temperature of entire thermal-collecting tube uniform, prolong the service life.
20 surface of thermal-collecting tube apply heat-sink shell, the heat-sink shell from thermal-collecting tube from inside to outside successively include infrared reflection coating,
The thickness of heat absorbing coating and antireflection coatings, wherein infrared reflection coating, heat absorbing coating and antireflection coatings is respectively
0.17um、0.65um、0.15um；The infrared reflection coating is from inside to outside Cu, Ag two layers, and two layers of thickness proportion is 11:
5；Heat absorbing coating includes NbN, TiAl, Cr successively from inside to outside2O3Three layers, three layers of thickness proportion is 10:3:4；Antireflective
Coating is Nb successively from inside to outside2O5, Al2O3, SiO2And Si3N4Four layers, wherein four layers of thickness proportion is 5:4:
4:2。
In above layers, by increasing the thickness of the thickness proportion of heat absorbing coating, reduction infrared reflecting layer and antireflection layer,
The absorption to solar energy can be significantly increased, meanwhile, by adjusting infrared reflecting layer and the material of each layer of antireflection layer
Thickness proportion, can also realize the degree reduced to the reflection of sunlight.
Above-mentioned dimension scale is the optimal result got by nearly hundred kinds of different thickness proportion experiments.Pass through reality
It tests, for the ingredient and thickness using each independent stratum in above-mentioned absorber coatings, the absorptance that can make the absorber coatings of preparation is big
In 0.95, and realize 0.04 emissivity.
For the manufacturing method of above-mentioned coating, can use this field pass through frequently with vacuum magnetron sputtering coating film technique system
It is standby.
Although the present invention has been disclosed in the preferred embodiments as above, present invention is not limited to this.Any art technology
Personnel without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can make various changes or modifications, therefore protection scope of the present invention should
When being subject to claim limited range.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of solar energy collector system including thermal-collecting tube, speculum and collecting plate, passes through between adjacent two thermal-collecting tubes
Collecting plate connects, so that forming tube plate structure between multiple thermal-collecting tubes and adjacent collecting plate；The tube plate structure is in parabolic
Linear structure or arc-shaped structure, the parabolic structure of the bending direction and speculum of the parabola or circular arc is on the contrary, tube sheet
The focus of structure and the focus of speculum are on a point；It is characterized in that the system comprises temperature difference electricity generation devices and heat dissipation
Device, the first valve, the second valve, the 3rd valve, temperature sensor, the heat collector connect to form Xun Huan with temperature difference electricity generation device
Circuit, heat collector connect to form circulation loop with radiator, and the pipeline where temperature difference electricity generation device and radiator is in parallel, heat collector
Solar energy is absorbed, heats the water in heat collector, the water after heating respectively enters temperature difference electricity generation device and heat dissipation by outlet pipeline
Device generates electricity in temperature difference electricity generation device, exchanges heat in radiator, flows out in temperature difference electricity generation device and in radiator
Water enter in heat collector and exchange heat by water return pipeline；
Radiator includes upper header and lower collector pipe and the finned tube positioned at upper lower collector pipe, and the finned tube is cylindricality fin
Pipe, the finned tube include the cuboid positioned at center and the fins set positioned at cuboid periphery, the cuboid
Cross section is square, and from cross section, the fins set is included from four square diagonal outwardly extending main fins
With from the outwardly extending first secondary fin of main fin, the fins set further includes secondary from four sides of square outwardly extending second
Fin, the first secondary fin extended to same direction of the same main fin is parallel to each other, and with extending to same direction
The second secondary fin it is parallel to each other, the end of the main fin and secondary fin extension forms equilateral octagon；
Angle between the secondary fin of described first and main fin is 45 °, and the distance of the adjacent secondary fin is L1, described
The length of side of square is L0, and the height of the main fin is L2, and the relation of above-mentioned three meets equation below：
L1/L0=a*ln (L2/L0)+b, wherein ln is logarithmic function, 0.22<a<0.24,0.20<b<0.23,
40mm<=L0<=60mm,10mm<=L1<=25mm,55mm<=L2<=80mm;
0.2<L1/L0<0.42,1.2<L2/L0<2.0;0.03<L1/H<=0.15。
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| CN201410339674.4A CN104075463B (en) | 2014-07-17 | 2014-07-17 | A kind of arc tube plate-type solar thermal collector system |
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| CN110068163B (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2020-08-21 | 安徽太极计算机有限公司 | Solar system of intelligent communication control circulating pump |
| CN111707011B (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2021-09-03 | 青岛乾福圣耀商贸有限公司 | Design method of condensation end of temperature equalizing pipe of solar system |
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