CN105776414B - 一种采用Ag/TiO2与腐殖酸共同去除水体中含氮物质的装置 - Google Patents
一种采用Ag/TiO2与腐殖酸共同去除水体中含氮物质的装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种采用Ag/TiO2与腐殖酸共同去除水体中含氮物质的装置，包括上下依次连接的集水罩和反应器箱体，集水罩顶部开口，集水罩底板上设有多个圆形通孔，集水罩与反应器箱体通过圆形通孔连通；反应器箱体内设有紫外灯和催化剂填料，还设有腐殖酸颗粒，腐殖酸颗粒铺设在反应器箱体的底部，紫外灯竖直设置在反应器箱体的中心，催化剂填料为负载有银掺杂二氧化钛催化剂的泡沫陶瓷，催化剂填料套设在紫外灯上；集水罩内还设有防水管，防水管上端口伸出集水罩外，防水管下端口连接紫外灯；还包括潜水泵，潜水泵一端通过出水管道与反应器箱体连通，潜水泵另一端通过回水管道与集水罩连通。本发明装置体积小，应用方便。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种采用Ag/TiO2与腐殖酸共同去除水体中含氮物质的装置，属于光催化技术领域。
背景技术
鱼类或水生植物的生长代谢都会水体中产生对养殖对象有毒性的氨氮，氨氮在氨氧化细菌作用下先被氧化为相对低毒性的亚硝酸盐，进而再被亚硝酸盐氧化细菌氧化为毒性更低的硝酸盐，虽然硝酸盐毒性低，但其积累到一定程度仍会对生物造成伤害。所以，家庭在养鱼过程中，每隔一段时间需要将鱼缸中水换掉，目的就是稀释缸内高浓度硝酸盐的水。
光化学及光催化氧化法是目前研究较多的一项高级氧化技术。所谓光催化反应，就是在光的作用下进行化学反应。光化学反应需要分子吸收特定波长的电磁辐射，受激产生分子激发态，然后发生化学反应生成新的物质，或者变成引发热反应的中间化学产物。研究表明，目前有多种半导体纳米材料能处理多种无机物，但纳米光催化材料对养殖水体中无机氮处理方面没有广泛应用，主要原因是粉末催化剂分离回收困难；反应条件极端，多需要在强酸或强碱下进行。
发明内容
发明目的：本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种采用Ag/TiO2与腐殖酸共同去除渔业养殖水体中含氮物质的装置，该装置体积小，应用方便，首次将负载型催化剂与腐殖酸联用一起去除渔业养殖水体中的含氮物质。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明所采用的技术方案为：
一种采用Ag/TiO2与腐殖酸共同去除水体中含氮物质的装置，包括上下依次连接的集水罩和反应器箱体，所述集水罩顶部开口，集水罩底板上设有多个圆形通孔，所述集水罩与反应器箱体通过圆形通孔连通；所述反应器箱体内设有紫外灯和催化剂填料，还设有腐殖酸颗粒，所述腐殖酸颗粒铺设在反应器箱体的底部，所述紫外灯竖直设置在反应器箱体的中心，所述催化剂填料为负载有银掺杂二氧化钛催化剂的泡沫陶瓷，所述催化剂填料套设在紫外灯上；所述集水罩内还设有防水管，所述防水管上端口伸出集水罩外，所述防水管下端口连接紫外灯；还包括潜水泵，所述潜水泵一端通过出水管道与反应器箱体连通，所述潜水泵另一端通过回水管道与集水罩连通。
其中，所述催化剂填料由多个环形泡沫陶瓷通过线或铁丝串联在一起。
其中，所述反应器箱体的内壁上设有环形凹槽，所述催化剂填料嵌入凹槽内固定
其中，所述紫外灯的电线通过防水管与外部电源连接。
水产养殖中腐殖酸可提高饲料利用率，促进动物生长；增强机体免疫力，防病治病；改善水质环境；腐殖酸含有的多种官能团，使其具有较强的阳离子交换能力、络合能力和吸附能力，可螯合/络合水体中有毒有害物质，净化水环境；在光催化法还原硝酸盐时，腐殖酸作为空穴清除剂；因此腐殖酸在本发明装置中既能作为空穴清除剂，又能净化水质。
有益效果：本发明装置主要用于去除渔业养殖水体中的含氮物质，其采用循环运行模式，用腐殖酸作为空穴清除剂，用银掺杂改性的二氧化钛作为催化剂，在光照条件下将有机氮氧化成无机氮，将硝酸盐还原成N2，从而有效减少了水体中的总氮含量，避免了含氮物质在水体中的累积造成的水生生物的毒害；本发明装置体积小，应用方便；另外，本发明装置采用的是负载型催化剂填料，有效解决了粉末状催化剂分离回收的问题。
附图说明
图1为本发明用于去除水体中含氮物质装置的结构示意图；
图2为本发明用于去除水体中含氮物质装置应用在鱼缸中的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的技术方案做进一步说明，但是本发明要求保护的范围并不局限于此。
本发明银掺杂的二氧化钛催化剂的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤1，将2.5g P25型二氧化钛与0.0394g硝酸银加入600ml去离子水中，同时再往水中加入40mL乙醇混合，乙醇作为空穴清除剂；
步骤2，采用一定浓度的NaOH调节步骤1混合溶液PH至11～12，再往混合溶液中通入30minN2(除氧)；
步骤3，在持续搅拌下，用250W紫外灯照射步骤2的混合溶液10h，照射后将悬浮液通过离心机固液分离，并将所得的固体物用去离子水清洗五次，再于200℃下煅烧 6h，最后研磨成粒径为200目的细小颗粒即可。
如图1所示，本发明去除渔业养殖水体中含氮物质的装置，含氮物质包括含氮有机物和氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮和硝酸盐氮。本发明装置包括上下依次连接的集水罩7和反应器箱体1，集水罩7的横截面呈梯形，集水罩7顶部开口，集水罩7底板上设有多个均匀布置的圆形通孔，圆形通孔将集水罩7与反应器箱体1连通，用于将集水罩7内的水均匀分散流入反应器箱体1内；反应器箱体1为顶部开口的圆柱体，反应器箱体1下端设有出水口，出水口通过出水管道4与潜水泵5连通，潜水泵5还连通回水管道6，回水管道6与集水罩7连通；反应器箱体1内设有紫外灯3和催化剂填料2，还设有腐殖酸颗粒9，腐殖酸颗粒9铺设在反应器箱体1底部，紫外灯3竖直设置在反应器箱体1的中心，催化剂填料2是将银掺杂改性的二氧化钛催化剂负载在泡沫陶瓷上，催化剂填料 2是一个整体，是由多个环形的负载有催化剂的泡沫陶瓷组成，多个环形的泡沫陶瓷之间通过线或铁丝串联在一起形成一个催化剂填料2；催化剂填料2套设在紫外灯3外，反应器箱体1的内壁上设有环形凹槽，催化剂填料2嵌入凹槽内固定；集水罩7内设有防水管8，防水管8的上端口伸出集水罩7，防水管8的下端口连接紫外灯3，紫外灯3 的电线穿过防水管8，连到外部通电，防水管8用于防止紫外灯的电线进水。
将本发明装置应用在鱼缸中得到的结构如图2所示：鱼缸缸体11，缸体11包括外缸10和位于外缸10内的内缸12，本发明装置也设置在外缸10内，潜水泵5一端通过出水管道4与反应器箱体1连通，潜水泵5另一端通过回水管道6向内缸12输水；水经过内缸12内铺设海绵层的过滤之后沿内缸12的圆形出水口流入本发明装置内，水与装置内的催化剂填料2和腐殖酸颗粒9接触发生反应后，再经潜水泵5输送至内缸12，如此循环往复。
本发明装置解决了水体中无机氮浓度高且不易去除的问题，从根本上改善了渔业养殖的水质，该装置反应迅速，节约用地。
本发明装置实现了纳米光催化材料在养殖水体无机氮处理方面的应用，将银掺杂改性的二氧化钛与腐殖酸联用能够很好的处理养殖水体中的无机氮源。
显然，上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例，而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而这些属于本发明的精神所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明的保护范围之中。
Claims (2)
1.一种采用Ag/TiO2与腐殖酸共同去除水体中含氮物质的装置，其特征在于：包括上下依次连接的集水罩和反应器箱体，所述集水罩顶部开口，集水罩底板上设有多个圆形通孔，所述集水罩与反应器箱体通过圆形通孔连通；所述反应器箱体内设有紫外灯和催化剂填料，还设有腐殖酸颗粒，所述腐殖酸颗粒铺设在反应器箱体的底部，所述紫外灯竖直设置在反应器箱体的中心，催化剂填料是由多个环形的负载有催化剂的泡沫陶瓷组成，多个环形的泡沫陶瓷之间通过线或铁丝串联在一起；催化剂填料套设在紫外灯外，反应器箱体的内壁上设有环形凹槽，催化剂填料嵌入环形凹槽内固定；泡沫陶瓷上负载的催化剂为银掺杂的二氧化钛催化剂；所述集水罩内还设有防水管，所述防水管上端口伸出集水罩外，所述防水管下端口连接紫外灯；还包括潜水泵，所述潜水泵一端通过出水管道与反应器箱体连通，所述潜水泵另一端通过回水管道与集水罩连通；
其中，银掺杂的二氧化钛催化剂采用如下方法制备而成：将2.5g P25型二氧化钛与0.0394g硝酸银加入600ml去离子水中，同时再往水中加入40mL乙醇混合，乙醇作为空穴清除剂；采用一定浓度的NaOH调节上述混合溶液pH至11～12，再往混合溶液中通入30minN2；在持续搅拌下，用250W紫外灯照射混合溶液10h，照射后将悬浮液通过离心机固液分离，并将所得的固体物用去离子水清洗五次，再于200℃下煅烧6h，最后研磨成粒径为200目的细小颗粒即可。
2.根据权利要求1所述的采用Ag/TiO2与腐殖酸共同去除水体中含氮物质的装置，其特征在于：所述紫外灯的电线通过防水管与外部电源连接。
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