CN105762834A - Photovoltaic inverter intelligent starting control system - Google Patents
Photovoltaic inverter intelligent starting control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105762834A CN105762834A CN201610141917.2A CN201610141917A CN105762834A CN 105762834 A CN105762834 A CN 105762834A CN 201610141917 A CN201610141917 A CN 201610141917A CN 105762834 A CN105762834 A CN 105762834A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 208000033999 Device damage Diseases 0.000 description 2
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- H02J3/383—
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a photovoltaic inverter intelligent starting control system, comprising a boost circuit, an inverter bridge, a grid connected switch and a controller. The output of the boost circuit is in connection with the inverter bridge through a DC bus; the output of the inverter bridge is in connection with the grid connected switch through a filter; the grid connected switch is connected to a power grid system; the controller samples a bus voltage. The system employs the inverter bridge to generate higher harmonics, improves loss of a main switch devices, a filtering inductor and a filtering capacitor, saves a routine starting resistor, and improves self loss of an inverter under no load conditions, thereby realizing testing of the loading capacity of a solar panel, avoiding inverter frequent starting in the morning, guaranteeing the operation life of the grid connected switch, and reducing a failure rate of a photovoltaic inverter system. The method is realized by a digital controller, does not need to be provided with extra hardware, and possesses the characteristics of intelligence, low cost and strong versatility.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter field, especially a kind of photovoltaic inverter intelligent opens machine and controls system.
Background technology
Existing photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is broadly divided into industrial electro site type and distributed two kinds, use respectively A.C. contactor and relay (calling grid-connected switch in the following text) realize with electrical network separate control.These devices belong to mechanical action switch, and service life is limited, be generally several thousand up to ten thousand time not etc..In order to ensure inverter service life of more than 10 years, just photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter must be started shooting in the morning and shutdown in evening carries out a switch motion, the every many once-through operations of other times section, service life will reduce by half.
Morning, sunray was more weak, although cell panel output voltage is higher than civil power peak value, but drove underpower.Inverter, typically via detecting the busbar voltage being connected with cell panel as the condition being incorporated into the power networks, when this voltage is higher than civil power peak value, namely can enter and generate electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems.But inverter exists minimum operation power, and (under small-power, inverter can produce a large amount of harmonic wave, minimum start power can be set for this), plus the device loss of self, owing to battery drives underpower when just having opened machine, voltage can be pulled low and make inverter exit and net state.Thus cause opening machine-shutdown frequently, the continuous action of grid-connected switch and reduce service life.
Owing to there are the problems referred to above, it is incorporated into the power networks after needing to judge that solar panel output is enough to support inverter own loss and leave certain desire amount before, just can carry out the grid-connected switch of adhesive.Conventional way has following several:
The first is to access at photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter input side to start resistance, when solar panel output is enough to support the energy expenditure of resistance, and when still having stable output voltage, then cuts off startup resistance the grid-connected switch of adhesive.This kind of electric routing resistance, relay and other additional devices composition, relatively costly, the relay simultaneously carried also has the life-span to limit.
The second is that with shutdown voltage, the electromechanics pressure that rises of photovoltaic combining inverter is formed a stagnant ring.Shutdown voltage when starting minimum voltage and run of photovoltaic combining inverter is formed a stagnant ring, avoids switching on and shutting down frequently.This mode essence is to improve start electrical voltage point to guarantee that solar panel is opening machine after having enough power output, although eliminating hardware circuit, but to postpone available machine time loss generated energy for cost, this stagnant ring size can be subject to cell panel kind, the power grade of configuration has relation simultaneously, and therefore the use scope of this method is limited.
The third is to be produced with electrical network with frequency, homophase with after the voltage of amplitude by inverter bridge, it is judged that whether busbar voltage is higher than the mode of civil power peak value as starting method.Although the method reduces the number of times frequently opening machine, but system loss when not accounting for grid-connected, minimum operation power, there is check frequency, it is impossible to be fully solved the problems referred to above.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of utilize inverter its own switch device, filtering device loss to the photovoltaic inverter intelligent judging the driving force of solar panel open machine control system, with solve in above-mentioned background technology propose problem.
For achieving the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of photovoltaic inverter intelligent opens machine and controls system, including booster circuit, inverter bridge, grid-connected switch and controller, described booster circuit includes inductance L1 and the switching device A being made up of audion Q1 and diode D1, described inverter bridge includes the switching device B being made up of audion Q2 and diode D2, described wave filter includes inductance L2, inductance L3 and electric capacity C1, inductance L2 connects inductance L3 and electric capacity C1 respectively, and grid-connected switch includes switch K1 and switch K2；The output of described booster circuit is connected with inverter bridge by dc bus, and inverter bridge exports and is connected with grid-connected switch after device after filtering, and grid-connected switch is linked into network system, and controller is sampled busbar voltage UDC.
Described photovoltaic inverter intelligent opens machine and controls the startup method of system, comprise the following steps: machine control is opened in the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter entrance that powers on, start to open machine self-inspection, for the two-stage photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter with booster circuit, first worked by booster circuit, whether controller detection busbar voltage is able to maintain that in presetting value, if being unable to maintain that busbar voltage is stable, then exits and opens machine control；If busbar voltage maintains presetting value, then the controller of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter calculates harmonic reference voltage as modulating wave, compares with DSP carrier wave enumerator, produces high-frequency PWM signal and drives inverter bridge work；Controller detects whether busbar voltage is able to maintain that in presetting value again, if being unable to maintain that busbar voltage is stable, then exits and opens machine control, stablize and more than civil power peak value if busbar voltage maintains, the grid-connected switch of adhesive, enters cutting-in control.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention produces higher hamonic wave by controlling inverter bridge, improve main switching device, filter inductance, the loss of filter capacitor, system loss when running closer to grid-connected inverters and minimum operation power, what eliminate routine opens dynamo-electric resistance, save the device cost of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter and reduce the risk opening dynamo-electric resistance and related device damage, high-frequency harmonic mode is produced by photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, improve the own loss of inverter under zero load thus reaching test solar panel load capacity, prevent the problem that inverter frequently opens machine in the morning, ensure that the service life of grid-connected switch, reduce the fault rate of photovoltaic inverter system, the method is realized by digitial controller, extra hardware need not be increased, there is intellectuality, low cost, the feature of highly versatile.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the switching loss schematic diagram of breaker in middle device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the loss schematic diagram of inductance in the present invention, electric capacity.
Fig. 4 is the harmonic voltage current simulations figure under 50Hz voltage of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the harmonic voltage current simulations figure under 350Hz voltage of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the schematic flow sheet of the present invention.
In figure: 101-booster circuit；102-inverter bridge；103-wave filter；The grid-connected switch of 104-；105-controller.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art obtain under not making creative work premise, broadly fall into the scope of protection of the invention.
Refer to Fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of photovoltaic inverter intelligent opens machine and controls system, suitable in twin-stage photovoltaic inverter system and single-stage photovoltaic inverter system, twin-stage photovoltaic inverter system is generally the low profile photovoltaic inverter of Distributed Application, and single-stage photovoltaic inverter system is generally concentrated large-sized photovoltaic inverter.
Twin-stage photovoltaic inverter intelligent opens machine control system and includes booster circuit 101, inverter bridge 102, grid-connected switch 104 and controller 105, booster circuit 101 includes inductance L1 and the switching device A being made up of audion Q1 and diode D1, inverter bridge 102 includes the switching device B being made up of audion Q2 and diode D2, wave filter 103 includes inductance L2, inductance L3 and electric capacity C1, inductance L1 connects inductance L2 and electric capacity C1 respectively, and grid-connected switch 104 includes switch K1 and switch K2；Booster circuit 101 is exported and is connected with inverter bridge 102 by dc bus, inverter bridge 102 exports after filtering after device 103, it is connected with grid-connected switch 104, grid-connected switch 104 is linked into network system, controller 105 judges whether the grid-connected switch 104 of adhesive according to sampling busbar voltage UDC, complete to open machine control, inverter bridge 102 and wave filter 103 can be monophase system, it can also be three-phase system, controller 105 detects busbar voltage UDC, when it exceedes line voltage peak value, starting booster circuit 101 and inverter bridge 102 works, now system enters and opens machine control.
Single-stage photovoltaic inverter intelligence opens machine control system and does not possess booster circuit 101, and other structures are identical with twin-stage photovoltaic inverter system.
Machine control principle and the control method of opening disclosed by the invention is as follows:
Photovoltaic inverter intelligent opens the loss of machine control system self and mainly includes inductance L1, switching device A, switching device B, inductance L2, inductance L3, electric capacity C1, controller 105 and attached device.Except controller 105 and other appendages parts, dominant loss concentrates on switching device A, switching device B, inductance L1, inductance L2, inductance L3 and electric capacity C1.
Referring to Fig. 2, the switching loss rating formula of switching device is as follows:
(1)
(2)
The open and close loss that formula (1) is switching device, accounts for major part, wherein t1-t2 be the switch of switching device initial, by the time, Is is current value, and Us is terminal voltage value；Formula (2) is conduction loss, accounts for secondary part, and wherein Rs is the conducting resistance of switching device.
The loss power computing formula referring to Fig. 3, inductance and electric capacity is as follows:
(3)
(4)
Formula (3) is inductor loss power, the loss power that formula (4) is electric capacity, and IL and IC is the current value respectively through inductance and electric capacity, the conducting resistance of Lr and Cr respectively inductance and electric capacity.
Before grid-connected switch adhesive,
Therefore, total loss power is:
(5)
By formula (5) it can be seen that improve the loss power of switching device, inductance, electric capacity by increasing electric current I so that it is close to machine loss and initial launch power.So, it is ensured that photovoltaic inverter system will not exit because busbar voltage is pulled low after being incorporated into the power networks and net state.
Capacitance voltage, electric current physical equation:
(6)
From formula (6), can pass through to increase the output voltage frequency of inverter bridge 102, such as 13/15/17... subharmonic etc., thus improving the electric current flowing through electric capacity C1, so that the loss of above-mentioned main devices is close to machine loss and initial launch power, open loop open machine working properly after, the more grid-connected switch of adhesive 104 transfers grid-connected mode of operation to.
Referring to Fig. 4-5, Fig. 4 is the filtered electrical flow valuve of 50Hz voltage, and Fig. 5 is the filtered electrical flow valuve of 350Hz voltage, and as seen from the figure, along with the increase of overtone order, the current value flow through is proportional increase also.
Refer to Fig. 6, a kind of photovoltaic inverter intelligent opens machine and controls the startup method of system, comprise the following steps: machine control is opened in the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter entrance that powers on, start to open machine self-inspection, for the two-stage photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter with booster circuit 101, first being worked by booster circuit 101, controller 105 detects whether busbar voltage is able to maintain that in presetting value, if being unable to maintain that busbar voltage is stable, then exit and open machine control；If busbar voltage maintains presetting value, then the controller 105 of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter calculates harmonic voltage, such as following formula:
(7)
Wherein,For output voltage peak value,For fundamental voltage frequency.
Owing to photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter controller 105 is realized by digitial controller DSP, it is therefore desirable to above-mentioned sliding-model control, discrete method is as follows:
(8)
Wherein,For the sample frequency of DSP,For harmonic frequency；
Namely can calculate the harmonic voltage reference under digitized according to above-mentioned formula (7), (8), this voltage, as modulating wave, compares with DSP carrier wave enumerator, produces high-frequency PWM signal and drives inverter bridge work.Controller 105 detects whether busbar voltage is able to maintain that in presetting value again, if being unable to maintain that busbar voltage is stable, then exit and open machine control, stablize and more than civil power peak value if busbar voltage maintains, then illustrate that the output of solar panel is enough to support inverter own loss and initial operation power, photovoltaic inverter system exits and opens machine control, the grid-connected switch 104 of adhesive, enters conventional cutting-in control.
The present invention produces higher hamonic wave by controlling inverter bridge 102, improve main switching device, inductance, the loss of electric capacity, system loss when running closer to grid-connected inverters and minimum operation power, what eliminate routine opens dynamo-electric resistance, save the device cost of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter and reduce the risk opening dynamo-electric resistance and related device damage, high-frequency harmonic mode is produced by photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, improve the own loss of inverter under zero load thus reaching test solar panel load capacity, prevent the problem that inverter frequently opens machine in the morning, ensure that the service life of grid-connected switch 104, reduce the fault rate of photovoltaic inverter system, the method is realized by digitial controller, extra hardware need not be increased, there is intellectuality, low cost, the feature of highly versatile.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to the details of above-mentioned one exemplary embodiment, and when without departing substantially from the spirit of the present invention or basic feature, it is possible to realize the present invention in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter from which point, embodiment all should be regarded as exemplary, and be nonrestrictive, the scope of the invention rather than described above limits, it is intended that all changes in the implication of the equivalency dropping on claim and scope included in the present invention.Any accompanying drawing labelling in claim should be considered as the claim that restriction is involved.
Claims (2)
1. a photovoltaic inverter intelligent opens machine control system, it is characterized in that, including booster circuit (101), inverter bridge (102), grid-connected switch (104) and controller (105), described booster circuit (101) includes inductance L1 and the switching device A being made up of audion Q1 and diode D1, described inverter bridge (102) includes the switching device B being made up of audion Q2 and diode D2, described wave filter (103) includes inductance L2, inductance L3 and electric capacity C1, inductance L1 connects inductance L2 and electric capacity C1 respectively, grid-connected switch (104) includes switch K1 and switch K2；Described booster circuit (101) output is connected with inverter bridge (102) by dc bus, inverter bridge (102) exports device (103) after filtering and is connected with grid-connected switch (104) afterwards, grid-connected switch (104) is linked into network system, controller (105) sampling busbar voltage UDC。
2. a photovoltaic inverter intelligent as claimed in claim 1 opens machine and controls the startup method of system, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps: machine control is opened in the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter entrance that powers on, start to open machine self-inspection, first worked by booster circuit (101), whether controller (105) detection busbar voltage is able to maintain that in presetting value, if being unable to maintain that busbar voltage is stable, then exits and opens machine control；If busbar voltage maintains presetting value, then the controller (105) of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter calculates harmonic reference voltage as modulating wave, compares with DSP carrier wave enumerator, produces high-frequency PWM signal and drives inverter bridge (102) work；Controller (105) detects whether busbar voltage is able to maintain that in presetting value again, if being unable to maintain that busbar voltage is stable, then exit and open machine control, stablize and more than civil power peak value if busbar voltage maintains, the grid-connected switch of adhesive (104), enters cutting-in control.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108649897A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-10-12 | 江苏佳讯纳通能源技术有限公司 | Long-range photovoltaic string formation IV curve detections system based on GPRS and detection method |
| CN109802556A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2019-05-24 | 丰郅(上海)新能源科技有限公司 | The starting method of photovoltaic generating system and inverter with photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter |
| CN112087127A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-12-15 | 传蔚电气(上海)有限公司 | Inverter startup logic method |
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| CN103227560A (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2013-07-31 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and device for starting inverter |
| CN103545841A (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2014-01-29 | 华为技术有限公司 | Control method and device of inverter and inverter system |
| CN204258620U (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2015-04-08 | 山东希格斯新能源有限责任公司 | Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter starts control device |
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2016
- 2016-03-11 CN CN201610141917.2A patent/CN105762834A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
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| CN201234142Y (en) * | 2008-06-06 | 2009-05-06 | 江苏津恒能源科技有限公司 | Bus control apparatus for solar photovoltaic grid connection DC-to-AC converter |
| CN102832840A (en) * | 2012-08-16 | 2012-12-19 | 卧龙电气集团股份有限公司 | Compound control method of photovoltaic grid-connected inverter |
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| CN103545841A (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2014-01-29 | 华为技术有限公司 | Control method and device of inverter and inverter system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109802556A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2019-05-24 | 丰郅(上海)新能源科技有限公司 | The starting method of photovoltaic generating system and inverter with photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter |
| CN108649897A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-10-12 | 江苏佳讯纳通能源技术有限公司 | Long-range photovoltaic string formation IV curve detections system based on GPRS and detection method |
| CN112087127A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-12-15 | 传蔚电气(上海)有限公司 | Inverter startup logic method |
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