CN105762365A - Current collector for lithium ion battery and preparation method of current collector - Google Patents
Current collector for lithium ion battery and preparation method of current collector Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105762365A CN105762365A CN201610274992.6A CN201610274992A CN105762365A CN 105762365 A CN105762365 A CN 105762365A CN 201610274992 A CN201610274992 A CN 201610274992A CN 105762365 A CN105762365 A CN 105762365A
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- lithium ion
- ion battery
- coating
- collector
- metal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/661—Metal or alloys, e.g. alloy coatings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/665—Composites
- H01M4/667—Composites in the form of layers, e.g. coatings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a current collector for a lithium ion battery and a preparation method of the current collector.The current collector is composed of metal coatings and a microporous film layer.The microporous film layer is coated with the metal coatings in a double-face symmetry mode.The mass density of the current collector is only 1/3 to 1/2 that of conventional aluminum foil and copper foil metal, the mass of the lithium ion battery is obviously reduced, the energy density of the battery is improved, and the problem of short runtime of a power battery is solved.The surface roughness of the current collector is increased through the coatings, and the current collector can fully make contact with active matter; the capacity of the active matter is evenly released through the double-face symmetry coating structure, electrochemical polarization of the battery in the charge and discharge process is relieved, and the cycle performance of the battery is stable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of lithium ion battery, particularly relate to a kind of lithium ion battery collector and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Along with the continuous progress of lithium ion battery technology, the lithium ion application prospect in electrokinetic cell field high-power, high-octane is the most considerable.Power lithium ion battery energy density and safety are proposed requirements at the higher level.
The improvement of lithium ion battery is showed themselves in that by prior art to be sought high-energy both positive and negative polarity active material, improves electrolyte and barrier film, improvement processing technology, improves collector etc. and improve battery performance, and prior art shows as collection liquid surface coating conductive carbon black etc. to reduce the internal resistance of cell to the modification of collector.
The surface of collector processes, coating modification technology, if the modified collector two sides asymmetric meeting of structure causes collector two sides active matter coating layer touch resistance asymmetric, makes two sides active matter capacity uniformly not discharge；Also result in two sides active matter binding strength of coating inconsistent simultaneously, and make charge and discharge circulation life serious unbalance, accelerate battery capacity decay.
Therefore, prior art has yet to be improved and developed.
Summary of the invention
In view of above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of lithium ion battery collector and preparation method thereof, aiming to solve the problem that existing collector two sides structure is asymmetric causes collector two sides active matter coating layer touch resistance asymmetric, and the problem that two sides active matter binding strength of coating is inconsistent.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of lithium ion battery collector, described collector is made up of metal coating and microporous film layer, wherein, is coated on microporous film layer described metal coating double-sided symmetrical.
Described lithium ion battery collector, wherein, described metal coating is metallic aluminium coating or metallic copper coating.
Described lithium ion battery collector, wherein, in metal coating, metal is powdery metal aluminum or powdery metal copper, and the middle particle size range of described powdery metal aluminum or powdery metal copper is 15-25nm.
Described lithium ion battery collector, wherein, the thickness of described metal coating is 1-10 μm.
Described lithium ion battery collector, wherein, the thickness of described metal coating is 2-6 μm.
Described lithium ion battery collector, wherein, described microporous film layer is the one in many microporous nonwoven cloth, many micropores polymer membrane and many microporous carbon fiber paper.
Described lithium ion battery collector, wherein, the thickness of described microporous film layer is 8-50 μm.
Described lithium ion battery collector, wherein, the thickness of described microporous film layer is 20-50 μm.
Described lithium ion battery collector, wherein, described many micropores polymer membrane is monolayer PP, monolayer PE, double-deck PP/PE, one in double-deck PP/PP, three layers of PP/PE/PP.
A kind of preparation method of arbitrary described lithium ion battery collector, wherein, including step:
A, by metal in coating before 100 120 DEG C drying 1 2h；
B, go to degrease to matrix microporous film layer surface acetone or alcohol washes；
C, to clean after matrix microporous film layer preheat at 60 80 DEG C；
D, the metal double-side after step A is coated on symmetrically on the matrix microporous film layer after step C, obtains collector.
Beneficial effect: collector of the present invention is that metal double-side is coated on microporous film layer lightweight collector symmetrically that make.Lightweight collector mass density of the present invention be only conventional aluminium foil, the 1/3 ~ 1/2 of Copper Foil metal quality density, hence it is evident that reduce lithium ion battery quality, improve the energy density of battery, and the stable cycle performance of battery.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of lithium ion battery collector preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of lithium ion battery collector and preparation method thereof, and for making the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and effect clearer, clear and definite, the present invention is described in more detail below.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of lithium ion battery collector preferred embodiment of the present invention, as it is shown in figure 1, described collector is made up of metal coating 2 and microporous film layer 1, wherein, is coated on microporous film layer 1 described metal coating 2 double-sided symmetrical.Collector of the present invention is that metal double-side is coated on microporous film layer lightweight collector symmetrically that make.Lightweight collector mass density of the present invention be only conventional aluminium foil, the 1/3 ~ 1/2 of Copper Foil metal quality density, hence it is evident that reduce lithium ion battery quality, improve the energy density of battery, and the stable cycle performance of battery.
Preferably, described metal coating is metallic aluminium coating or metallic copper coating.It is highly preferred that metal is powdery metal aluminum or powdery metal copper in metal coating, the middle particle size range of described powdery metal aluminum or powdery metal copper is 15-25nm.
Preferably, the thickness of described metal coating is 1-10 μm.It is highly preferred that the thickness of described metal coating is 2-6 μm.
Preferably, the one during described microporous film layer is many microporous nonwoven cloth, many micropores polymer membrane and many microporous carbon fiber paper.
Preferably, the thickness of described microporous film layer is 8-50 μm.It is highly preferred that the thickness of described microporous film layer is 20-50 μm.
Preferably, described many micropores polymer membrane be monolayer PP, monolayer PE, double-deck PP/PE, one in double-deck PP/PP, three layers of PP/PE/PP.
Based on above-mentioned lithium ion battery collector, the present invention also provides for the preparation method of arbitrary a kind of described lithium ion battery collector, wherein, including step:
S1, by metal in coating before 100-120 DEG C drying 1-2h；
Such as, when described metal is aluminum or copper, then high-purity aluminium powder or copper powder are dried 1-2h at 100-120 DEG C before coating, standby.
S2, go to degrease to matrix microporous film layer surface acetone or alcohol washes；
S3, to clean after matrix microporous film layer preheat at 60-80 DEG C；
S4, the metal double-side after step S1 is coated on symmetrically on the matrix microporous film layer after step C, obtains collector.
Wherein, described step S4 specifically includes:
S41, the metal of the powder after step S1 is put in the powder feeder of coating unit；
S42, the matrix microporous film layer after step C is contained on fixture, debugging routine, prepares coating；
S43, coating processes parameter is set, voltage: 35-65V；Electric current: 500-700A；Argon gas flow: 30-50L/min；Powder feeding rate: 2-6g/min；Coating distance: 80-150mm；Coating speed 50-80cm/min.
Metal double-side is coated on microporous film layer and makes collector by the present invention symmetrically, described collector mass density be only conventional aluminium foil, the 1/3 ~ 1/2 of Copper Foil metal quality density, significantly reduce lithium ion battery quality, improve the energy density of battery, and the stable cycle performance of battery.
Below by specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
Being that many microporous nonwoven cloth matrix surface acetone or the alcohol washes of 8 m goes to degrease to thickness, the matrix after cleaning preheats at 70 DEG C, is contained on fixture by the matrix handled well, debugging routine, prepares coating；High-purity aluminium powder that D50 is 23nm is dried 1h at 100 DEG C before coating, puts in powder feeder；Coating processes parameter is set, voltage: 35V；Electric current: 500A；Argon gas flow: 30L/min；Powder feeding rate: 2g/min；Coating distance: 150mm；Coating speed 50cm/min；Execution program, is coated；Metal coating one side thickness is 2 m, and metal coating gross thickness is 4 m.The mass density of the collector of double-sided symmetrical coated with aluminum prepared by above-mentioned technique is 1.4
g/cm3。
Being that many micropores high molecular polymer bilayer PP/PE matrix surface acetone or the alcohol washes of 12 m goes to degrease to thickness, the matrix after cleaning preheats at 60 DEG C, is contained on fixture by the matrix handled well, debugging routine, prepares coating；High-purity copper powder that D50 is 23nm is dried 2h at 120 DEG C before coating, puts in powder feeder；Coating processes parameter is set, voltage: 60V；Electric current: 650A；Argon gas flow: 45L/min；Powder feeding rate: 5g/min；Coating distance: 100mm；Coating speed 60cm/min；Execution program, is coated；Coating one side thickness is 3 m, and total coating thickness is 6 m.The mass density of the collector of double-sided symmetrical coated copper prepared by above-mentioned technique is 3.9g/cm3。
With the battery of the lithium iron phosphate/carbon system that above-mentioned collector makes, energy density is 153Wh/Kg(@0.2C)；Circulating 500 times, capability retention is 95.6%.
Embodiment 2:
Being that many micropores high molecular polymer bilayer PP/PP matrix surface acetone or the alcohol washes of 9 m goes to degrease to thickness, the matrix after cleaning preheats at 60 DEG C, is contained on fixture by the matrix handled well, debugging routine, prepares coating；High-purity aluminium powder that D50 is 18nm is dried 1h at 100 DEG C before coating, puts in powder feeder；Coating processes parameter is set, voltage: 35V；Electric current: 500A；Argon gas flow: 30L/min；Powder feeding rate: 2g/min；Coating distance: 150mm；Coating speed 50cm/min；Execution program, is coated；Coating one side thickness is 1 m, and total coating thickness is 2 m.The mass density of the collector of double-sided symmetrical coated with aluminum prepared by above-mentioned technique is 0.8 g/cm3。
Being that many microporous nonwoven cloth matrix surface acetone or the alcohol washes of 16 m goes to degrease to thickness, the matrix after cleaning preheats at 70 DEG C, is contained on fixture by the matrix handled well, debugging routine, prepares coating；High-purity copper powder that D50 is 15nm is dried 2h at 120 DEG C before coating, puts in powder feeder；Coating processes parameter is set, voltage: 60V；Electric current: 650A；Argon gas flow: 45L/min；Powder feeding rate: 5g/min；Coating distance: 100mm；Coating speed 60cm/min；Execution program, is coated；Coating one side thickness is 5 m, and total coating thickness is 10 m.The mass density of the collector of double-sided symmetrical coated copper prepared by above-mentioned technique is 4.5g/cm3。
The energy density of the battery of the LiMn2O4/lithium titanate system made with above-mentioned collector is 87 Wh/Kg(@0.2C)；Circulate 500 times, capability retention 92.7%.
Embodiment 3:
Being that many microporous carbon fiber paper matrix surface acetone or the alcohol washes of 20 m goes to degrease to thickness, the matrix after cleaning preheats at 80 DEG C, is contained on fixture by the matrix handled well, debugging routine, prepares coating；High-purity aluminium powder that D50 is 18nm is dried 1h at 100 DEG C before coating, puts in powder feeder；Coating processes parameter is set, voltage: 40V；Electric current: 550A；Argon gas flow: 35L/min；Powder feeding rate: 3g/min；Coating distance: 80mm；Coating speed 80cm/min；Execution program, is coated；Coating one side thickness is 1.5 m, and total coating thickness is 3 m.The mass density of the collector of double-sided symmetrical coated with aluminum prepared by above-mentioned technique is 1.3g/cm3。
Being that many microporous carbon fiber paper matrix surface acetone or the alcohol washes of 20 m goes to degrease to thickness, the matrix after cleaning preheats at 80 DEG C, is contained on fixture by the matrix handled well, debugging routine, prepares coating；High-purity copper powder that D50 is 25nm is dried 2h at 120 DEG C before coating, puts in powder feeder；Coating processes parameter is set, voltage: 65V；Electric current: 700A；Argon gas flow: 50L/min；Powder feeding rate: 6g/min；Coating distance: 80mm；Coating speed 80cm/min；Execution program, is coated；Coating one side thickness is 0.5 m, and total coating thickness is 1 m.The mass density of the collector of double-sided symmetrical coated copper prepared by above-mentioned technique is 2.9g/cm3。
With the battery of the lithium iron phosphate/carbon system that above-mentioned collector makes, energy density is 146Wh/Kg(@0.2C)；Circulating 500 times, capability retention is 97.4%.
Comparative example 1
The energy density of the battery of the lithium iron phosphate/carbon system made with 12 m aluminium foils, 18 m Copper Foils for positive and negative electrode collector respectively is for 115Wh/Kg(@0.2C)；Circulating 500 times, capability retention is 97.6%.
Comparative example 2
The energy density of the battery of the LiMn2O4/lithium titanate system made with 11 m aluminium foils, 26 m Copper Foils for positive and negative electrode collector respectively is for 63
Wh/Kg(@0.2C)；Circulate 500 times, capability retention 95.8%.
In sum, the present invention provides a kind of lithium ion battery collector and preparation method thereof, and collector of the present invention is that metallic aluminium or metallic copper double-sided symmetrical are coated on many microporous nonwoven cloth, many micropores high molecular polymer or many microporous carbon fiber paper the lightweight collector made.Lightweight collector mass density of the present invention be only conventional aluminium foil, the 1/3 ~ 1/2 of Copper Foil metal quality density, hence it is evident that reduce lithium ion battery quality, improve the energy density of battery, and the stable cycle performance of battery.It addition, coat of the present invention makes collection liquid surface roughness increase, can be fully contacted with active substance；Double-sided symmetrical coated structure makes active matter capacity uniformly discharge, and reduces the activation polarization in battery charge and discharge process, and cycle performance of battery is stable.
It should be appreciated that the application of the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned citing, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or convert, all these modifications and variations all should belong to the protection domain of claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a lithium ion battery collector, described collector is made up of metal coating and microporous film layer, it is characterised in that be coated on microporous film layer described metal coating double-sided symmetrical.
Lithium ion battery collector the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described metal coating is metallic aluminium coating or metallic copper coating.
Lithium ion battery collector the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that in metal coating, metal is powdery metal aluminum or powdery metal copper, the middle particle size range of described powdery metal aluminum or powdery metal copper is 15-25nm.
Lithium ion battery collector the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the thickness of described metal coating is 1-10 μm.
Lithium ion battery collector the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the thickness of described metal coating is 2-6 μm.
Lithium ion battery collector the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described microporous film layer is the one in many microporous nonwoven cloth, many micropores polymer membrane and many microporous carbon fiber paper.
Lithium ion battery collector the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the thickness of described microporous film layer is 8-50 μm.
Lithium ion battery collector the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the thickness of described microporous film layer is 20-50 μm.
Lithium ion battery collector the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described many micropores polymer membrane is monolayer PP, monolayer PE, double-deck PP/PE, one in double-deck PP/PP, three layers of PP/PE/PP.
10. the preparation method of the lithium ion battery collector as described in claim 1-9 is arbitrary, it is characterised in that include step:
A, by metal in coating before 100-120 DEG C drying 1-2h；
B, go to degrease to matrix microporous film layer surface acetone or alcohol washes；
C, to clean after matrix microporous film layer preheat at 60-80 DEG C；
D, the metal double-side after step A is coated on symmetrically on the matrix microporous film layer after step C, obtains collector.
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| CN201610274992.6A CN105762365A (en) | 2016-04-28 | 2016-04-28 | Current collector for lithium ion battery and preparation method of current collector |
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| CN201610274992.6A CN105762365A (en) | 2016-04-28 | 2016-04-28 | Current collector for lithium ion battery and preparation method of current collector |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108598490A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-09-28 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of three-dimensional porous metal negative electrode collector and its preparation method and application |
| CN109103503A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-12-28 | 惠州亿纬锂能股份有限公司 | The preparation method of lithium ion battery |
| CN109390590A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-02-26 | 名添科技（深圳）有限公司 | A kind of technique and battery afflux liquid preparing battery afflux liquid based on non-woven fabrics |
| CN109786667A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2019-05-21 | 北京卫蓝新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of composite high-molecular three-dimensional structure metal lithium electrode and lithium ion battery |
| CN109962243A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2019-07-02 | 香港纺织及成衣研发中心 | Collector, preparation method and the lithium ion battery comprising it |
| WO2019128658A1 (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-07-04 | The Hong Kong Polytechnic University | Electrode for battery and fabrication method thereof |
| WO2019153274A1 (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2019-08-15 | 深圳前海优容科技有限公司 | Battery, battery cell and current collector |
| CN110380058A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-10-25 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | A kind of flexible current-collecting body and its preparation method and application |
| CN113517444A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2021-10-19 | 荣盛盟固利新能源科技有限公司 | Current collector, current collector manufacturing method, electrode pole piece and lithium ion battery |
| US11374228B2 (en) | 2017-12-14 | 2022-06-28 | The Hong Kong Research Institute Of Textiles And Apparel Limited | Metallic textiles for flexible wearable lithium ion batteries |
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| CN110380058A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-10-25 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | A kind of flexible current-collecting body and its preparation method and application |
| CN113517444A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2021-10-19 | 荣盛盟固利新能源科技有限公司 | Current collector, current collector manufacturing method, electrode pole piece and lithium ion battery |
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Application publication date: 20160713 |