CN105756850B - A kind of middling speed high pulling torque radial plunger type motor - Google Patents

A kind of middling speed high pulling torque radial plunger type motor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105756850B
CN105756850B CN201610242447.9A CN201610242447A CN105756850B CN 105756850 B CN105756850 B CN 105756850B CN 201610242447 A CN201610242447 A CN 201610242447A CN 105756850 B CN105756850 B CN 105756850B
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China
Prior art keywords
ring
housing
oil
type motor
plunger type
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CN105756850A (en
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叶春浓
蒋志坚
葛正菊
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INTRA-ITALIA HYDRAULICS (FOSHAN SHUNDE) Co Ltd
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INTRA-ITALIA HYDRAULICS (FOSHAN SHUNDE) Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201610242447.9A priority Critical patent/CN105756850B/en
Publication of CN105756850A publication Critical patent/CN105756850A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2017/080515 priority patent/WO2017181907A1/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03CPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINES DRIVEN BY LIQUIDS
    • F03C1/00Reciprocating-piston liquid engines
    • F03C1/22Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with movable cylinders or cylinder

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Motors (AREA)
  • Support Of The Bearing (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of middling speed high pulling torque radial plunger type motor, including housing(1), bent axle(2), roller(3), bearing holder (housing, cover)(4)And cylinder cap(5), along bearing holder (housing, cover)(4)Radial distribution and upper and lower side respectively with cylinder cap(5)Spherical outside surface(501)And bearing holder (housing, cover)(4)Spherical outside surface(402)The extension sleeve to offset(6), by extension sleeve(6)Lower end be close to bearing holder (housing, cover) all the time(4)Spherical outside surface(402)Retaining ring(7), by extension sleeve(6)Upper end be close to cylinder cap spherical outside surface all the time(501)Peg(8), both ends respectively with bent axle(2)And oil distribution mechanism(9)The power transmission shaft of connection(10), roller(3)Inside it is placed on bearing holder (housing, cover)(4)Endoporus(401)It is interior, bent axle(2)Including gearratio of cycloid axle formation(201).Compared with prior art, the radial plunger type motor have can significantly improve rotating speed and it is compact-sized the advantages of.

Description

A kind of middling speed high pulling torque radial plunger type motor
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of hydraulic elements, specifically a kind of middling speed high pulling torque radial plunger type motor.
Background technology
Radial plunger type motor typical construction be plunger along drive shaft in radial be distributed, plunger motion plane and Drive shaft is vertical, and its remarkable advantage is that discharge capacity is big, and moment of torsion is big, can directly start with dynamic load, be particularly suitable for low-speed big Application scenario.
However, actual use shows that common radial plunger type motor is less than 300r/ using rotating speed on market today min.By hydraulic motor industry using 500r/min as boundary, it will be above 500r/min and be classified as high-speed motor, be classified as less than 500r/min Zero motor it is sanctified by usage from the viewpoint of, the radial plunger type motor sold on market today should largely be classified as low speed High pulling torque radial plunger type motor, the high-speed motor higher than 500r/min are moment of torsion axial plunger piston hydraulic horse less than normal mostly Reach, generally require and could be started by deceleration link with dynamic load.With the development of science and technology market occurs to turn up 300 ~1000r/min, corresponding 4000~200mL/r of discharge capacity, can middling speed high-torque hydraulic motor that directly bringing onto load starts it is vigorous Demand.
From above-mentioned to hydraulic motor simple analysis, can meet the direct bringing onto load startup of middling speed high pulling torque can only be footpath To piston structure, and all kinds of low-speed big radial plunger type motors can all occur each with the raising using rotating speed now The problem of kind of various kinds, it is impossible to meet requirement, can deserve to be called the hydraulic motor of middling speed high pulling torque individually even if having there is also each Kind defect.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is that a kind of structure of crankshaft connecting low-speed big radial plunger type motor of prior art is shown It is intended to, its structural representation can be indicated in the product sample of relevant manufacturers.Including housing 1, protecgulum 2, bent axle 3, roller 4, bearing Seat 5, connecting rod 6, retaining ring 7, piston 8, cylinder cap 9, oil distribution mechanism 10.Bent axle 3, roller 4, bearing block 5 form a roller bearing knot Structure, connecting rod 6 are rigidly connected on the external cylindrical surface 501 of bearing block 5 by each retaining ring 7 in both sides, and the bulb 602 of connecting rod 6 is set It is placed in the ball-and-socket 801 of piston 8, piston 8 is arranged in the Cylinder inner bore 901 of cylinder cap 9.During work, oil distribution mechanism is by hydraulic oil (Do not noted in figure)The each cavity volume surrounded by piston 8 and the inner chamber 902 of cylinder cap 9 is assigned to successively, and hydraulic oil promotes piston 8 in cylinder cap Slide downward in 9 Cylinder inner bore 901, the piston 8 of slide downward promotes connecting rod 6 to move downward, while connecting rod 6 moves downward Swung around the centre of sphere edge of its bulb 602 perpendicular to the axis x directions of bent axle 3 and pass through bearing block 5, roller 4 promotes bent axle 3 to revolve Turn.Crankshaft connecting low-speed big radial plunger type motor is cheap, is applied widely in speed operation field, It is one of low speed high torque hydraulic motor that yield is maximum in the world, but with the raising of rotating speed, the hydraulic pressure horse of the structure type Up to following shortcomings being present:
1st, the outer surface 501 of bearing block 5 is a face of cylinder, the inner concave of the connecting rod 6 coordinated with the face of cylinder 501 of bearing block 5 603 be still the face of cylinder, and the free degree that can not be constrained along cylinder axis direction, i.e. axle y directions is bonded between the face of cylinder.Therefore, with The raising of working speed, the stationkeeping ability of connecting rod 6 is poor, and stability is poor.
2nd, connecting rod 6 and retaining ring 7 are entirely being rigidly connected for mechanical component, groove 601 and the retaining ring endoporus of connecting rod 6 Gap between 701 be present, with the raising of rotating speed, centrifugal force increase, mechanical impact between connecting rod 6 and retaining ring 7 be present, produce Noise.
3rd, as shown in Fig. 2 as the centre of sphere of the connecting rod 6 around its bulb 602 is swung along perpendicular to the axis x directions of bent axle 3, even There is the angle of cut θ of mechanical periodicity in the axis m of the bar 6 and axis n of piston 8, piston 8 has periodic side force, the side force The Cylinder inner bore 901 of cylinder cap 9 is set to produce irregular abrasion, after abrasion, circle becomes ovalisation, as shown in figure 3, rotating speed is got over Height, pressure is higher, and oval abrasion is more serious.
4th, from the characteristics of motion of above-mentioned connecting rod 6, connecting rod 6 has the ripple changed by cosine rule to the motive force of bent axle 3 Dynamic, i.e. motive force is equal to Fcos θ, wherein F by the diameter of piston 8 and hydraulic oil pressure it is powerful it is small together decide on, it follows that bent axle 3 Fluctuation be present in output torque.
5th, in addition to the defects of said structure principle, also there is technologic deficiency in the motor of the structure type.On bent axle 3 Two are set to be used to constrain the distance between step 301 of the roller 4 along the axle y directions free degree, 302, two steps 301 and 302 chi Very little tolerance and surface smoothness have higher requirement, and inconvenience is brought to processing, similarly, the step 502,503 of bearing block 5 Inconvenience is brought to processing.
Fig. 4 invents for Italian Calzoni companies, and the favorite hydraulic pressure Co., Ltd in Foshan Shuande obtains showing for its production permit There are a kind of structural representation of slip expansion pendulum cylinder-type low-speed big radial plunger type motor of technology, including housing 1, it is preceding Lid 2, bent axle 3, oil cylinder 4, piston 5, spring 6, cylinder cap 7, spring cup 8, spring base 9, oil distribution mechanism 10.Bent axle 3, cylinder cap 7 are distinguished Provided with spherical outside surface 301,701, oil cylinder 4, piston 5 is respectively equipped with Internal Spherical Surface 401,501.Spring 6 is divided by spring base 9, spring cup 8 The Internal Spherical Surface 401 of oil cylinder 4 and the spherical outside surface 301 of bent axle 3 and the Internal Spherical Surface 501 of piston 5 and the spherical outside surface 701 of cylinder cap 7 are not pasted Tightly.Oil cylinder 4 and the coaxial cooperation of piston 5, cooperation axis are y, form one and are only capable of doing telescopic slide along axis y and are hung down with axis x Around the centre of sphere O of the sphere 701 of cylinder cap 7 in straight plane1The telescopic oscillating tube-in-tube structure of swing.Cylinder cap 7, piston 5, oil cylinder 4, bent axle 3 Form a sealed volume, during work, the hydraulic oil being assigned to successively by oil distribution mechanism 10 enters the sealed volume, the liquid that cavity volume surrounds Force feed post pushes directly on bent axle 3 and rotated.Bent axle 3 rotates a circle, and is stretched once between oil cylinder 4 and piston 5, spring 6, which also follows, to be stretched Contracting is once.Compared with above-mentioned crankshaft connecting low-speed big radial plunger type motor, the big torsion of slip expansion pendulum cylinder-type low speed Square radial plunger type motor has obvious advantage:
1st, between oil cylinder 4 and piston 5 only along the flexible of axis y and with axis x vertical planes in around the sphere of cylinder cap 7 701 centre of sphere O1The telescopic oscillating motion of swing, oil cylinder 4 remains coaxial with piston 5, between the two in the absence of side force, This means worn in the absence of ellipse.
2nd, hydraulic oil pushes directly on bent axle 3 and rotated, and thrust size is together decided on by the diameter of piston 5 and hydraulic oil pressure, no Crankshaft connecting low-speed big radial plunger type motor power and torsion caused by the inherent characteristic of organisation conversion principle be present The fluctuation of square.
But with the raising of rotating speed, the slip expansion pendulum cylinder-type low-speed big radial plunger liquid of prior art shown in Fig. 4 Pressure motor still suffers from following shortcomings:
1st, as the above analysis, bent axle 3 rotates a circle, and spring 6 is flexible once, and rotating speed is higher, and the stretching frequency of spring 6 is got over Height, easier fatigue fracture, therefore, spring 6 is into one of bottleneck for improving motor rotary speed.
2nd, stretching with spring 6, between oil cylinder 4 and bent axle 3, the contact stress generating period between piston 5 and cylinder cap 7 Property change, from contact mechanics knowledge, it is tired that alternation contact stress than Static Contact stress is easier to make contact surface to produce Destroy.
3rd, a sliding friction pair is formed between oil cylinder Internal Spherical Surface 401 and bent axle spherical outside surface 301, from tribology principle, The material wear-resistant limit between by friction pair PV values restricted, normal pressures of the wherein P between friction pair, V is between friction pair Relative sliding velocity.With the raising of rotating speed, V increases therewith, abrasion aggravation, therefore friction pair abrasion is to improve the structure type The bottleneck of motor rotary speed most serious.
The shortcomings that for above-mentioned slip expansion pendulum cylinder-type low-speed big radial plunger type motor, relevant manufacturers are carried out Various improvement:
On 2 4th, 2015 application publication numbers announced disclose a kind of flexible pendulum cylinder-type hydraulic pressure horse for CN104329217A Reach and its eccentric shaft sphere processing method, the invention by process meanses, processed on bent axle sphere tiny liquid storage hole with Its self-lubricating property is improved, though friction can be reduced to a certain extent, improves rotating speed, sliding friction between oil cylinder and bent axle sphere The physics fact do not change, still restricted by friction pair PV values.
The application publication number that on April 3rd, 2013 announces discloses one kind in bent axle axial plane thermal spraying for CN103014587A The method of molybdenum coating, the invention on bent axle sphere by spraying layer of metal coating, to increase its self lubricity and wearability, This method is in huge discharge(3600ml/r and more than)Good effect is obtained on hydraulic motor, but it is public with above-mentioned CN104329217A The inventive method of cloth is the same, and the physics fact of sliding friction between oil cylinder and bent axle sphere does not change, still by friction pair PV The restriction of value, it can not still be competent at middling speed operating mode.
American documentation literature US5967018 discloses a solution, such as Fig. 5.Set between cylinder cap 1 and bent axle 2 A set of radial expansion sleeve 3, extension sleeve 3 contain oil cylinder 4. and piston 5, and oil cylinder 4 and piston 5 respectively set an Internal Spherical Surface, the He of cylinder cap 1 Bent axle 2 respectively sets a spherical outside surface;Spring 6 applies elastic force to oil cylinder 4, the Internal Spherical Surface of oil cylinder 4 is adjacent to the spherical outside surface of bent axle 2;Spring 7 Elastic force is applied to piston 5, the Internal Spherical Surface of piston 5 is adjacent to the spherical outside surface of cylinder cap 1;Spring 6 and spring 7 not with the rotation of bent axle 2 and Change decrement, it is therefore constant to the pretightning force of contact surface, improve the force-bearing situation of contact surface correlated parts, avoid with There is fatigue fracture and aggravation sphere abrasion phenomenon in the raising spring of rotating speed.But the program still suffers from following shortcomings:
1st, spring 6 and spring 7 are arranged at the periphery of extension sleeve 3, add motor dimension, especially significantly increase The size of cylinder cap 1.
2 as aforementioned schemes, and the physics fact of sliding friction does not change between oil cylinder 4 and the sphere of bent axle 2, still Restricted by friction pair PV values, can not still be competent at middling speed operating mode.
American documentation literature US7267042B2 is the disclosed another solution party after american documentation literature 5967018 Case, such as Fig. 6.The spring that american documentation literature 5967018 is arranged at outside piston by the program moves to internal piston, passes through extension The components such as bar, peg ring carry out pretension to spring, reduce motor dimension, but during motor running, oil cylinder and bent axle contact surface institute The friction pair of composition is still sliding friction pair, can not be competent at middling speed operating mode.
Fig. 7 is a kind of structural representation of pendulum cylinder-type high pulling torque radial plunger type motor of Italian Sai companies production, Including bent axle 1, roller 2, bearing holder (housing, cover) 3, tilt cylinder 4, piston 5, retaining ring 6, butterfly spring 7, procapsid 8, back casing 9, oil distributor Structure 10 etc..Tilt cylinder 4 is supported in procapsid 8 and the hole of back casing 9 by two gudgeons 401,402, and during work, tilt cylinder 4 is around gudgeon 401,402 swing, and piston 5 only does relative stretching motion with tilt cylinder 4, so as to eliminate lateral pressure of the piston 5 to tilt cylinder 4, Friction is reduced, eliminates oval wear phenomenon, improves mechanical efficiency.Become above-mentioned using roller bearing structure between piston 5 and bent axle 1 The sliding friction of link-type and slip expansion pendulum cylinder-type motor is rolling friction, substantially reduces frictional force and caloric value.Bearing holder (housing, cover) 3 Both ends respectively set a butterfly spring 7, and butterfly spring 7 applies elastic force to retaining ring 6, retaining ring 6 is fastened into the groove in piston 5 On, prevent piston 5 from departing from bearing holder (housing, cover) 3.Piston 5 and bearing holder (housing, cover) 3 are sphere-contact, improve centering and stability.The knot Configuration formula motor obtains preferable application effect in middling speed field, but still following shortcomings be present:
1st, tilt cylinder is swung around the gudgeon that is supported in forward and backward housing, and for oscillation center in enclosure interior, pendulum radius is small, according to Chen Zhuoru is taught in its monograph《Low speed high torque hydraulic motor Theoretical Design is with calculating》Analysis, pendulum radius is smaller, and motor is turned round Square and speed ripple are bigger.
2nd, gudgeon is cantilever beam structure, bending stress be present, and mechanical characteristic is bad.
3rd, it is the contact stress of less tilt cylinder gudgeon, trunnion diameter is larger, and weight is big, adds tilt cylinder movement inertia, turns Speed is higher, and its negative effect is bigger.
4th, internal piston sets a damping hole, piston and non-fully hollow thin-wall construction, and weight is big, and its shortcoming is as described above Shortcoming 3.
The 5th, two cantilever trunnions are set on cylindrical type tilt cylinder, axiality, finish, the case hardness of two gudgeons have compared with High requirement, therefore processing technology is bad.
6th, the spring to retaining ring offer elastic force is butterfly spring, though it is compacter than helical spring, but still have improved space, Motor dimension can be made more compact.
American documentation literature US8206130B2 discloses a kind of radial plunger type motor with high speed capability, its General structure and operation principle are similar to the pendulum cylinder-type high pulling torque radial plunger type motor that above-mentioned Sai companies produce, in gudgeon If dry sump is opened up on, forced feed lubrication is carried out to gudgeon, while lubrication groove has also been opened up on oil distribution casing, two measures change It has been apt to friction lubricating characteristic.But structure as shown in Figure 7 above, trunnion configuration inherent defect do not change, and oil distribution mechanism is not Possesses automatic compensation ability.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is:The defects of for prior art, there is provided a kind of middling speed high pulling torque is radially Plunger piston hydraulic motor.
The technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way:A kind of middling speed high pulling torque radial plunger type motor, including housing, The bent axle of external output speed and moment of torsion, be coated at the roller of the gearratio of cycloid axle formation of bent axle, be placed in the endoporus of bearing holder (housing, cover) in roller, Radial direction star is uniformly anchored on the cylinder cap of housing, along bearing block radial distribution and the upper and lower side spherical outside surface and bearing with cylinder cap respectively Extension sleeve that the spherical outside surface of set offsets, the lower end of extension sleeve is close to all the time bearing holder (housing, cover) spherical outside surface retaining ring, will All the time it is close to the transmission that the peg of cylinder cap spherical outside surface, both ends are connected with bent axle and oil distribution mechanism respectively in the upper end of extension sleeve Axle.The extension sleeve includes oil cylinder and piston, and the oil cylinder and the piston coaxial coordinate, axis z all the time by cylinder cap it The centre of sphere O of spherical outside surface1With the centre of sphere O of the spherical outside surface of bearing holder (housing, cover)2, during work, oil cylinder and piston are along z-axis stretching motion and around cylinder cap Sphere centre of sphere O1Swing.The bent axle, roller, bearing holder (housing, cover) form a rolling bearing structure.Also include retaining ring, retaining ring Pressing plate, it is arranged at retaining ring and keeps the elastic rubber ring between ring-shaped pressuring plate, with keeps ring-shaped pressuring plate to be close to and being fastened in the axle The Internal Spherical Surface of oil cylinder and the spherical outside surface of bearing holder (housing, cover) are adjacent to by the circlip in bearing sleeve groove, the circlip;Also include support Disk, self-locking nut, peg, peg ring, butterfly spring, spring base, circlip, the pallet, self-locking nut, peg, peg Piston Internal Spherical Surface and cylinder cap spherical outside surface are adjacent to by ring, butterfly spring, spring base, circlip;Also include oil distribution mechanism, it is described to match somebody with somebody Oil machine structure includes oil-distributing plate, oil distribution casing, floating ring, butterfly spring, bonnet, the power transmission shaft that one end and bent axle are hinged through housing and The oil-distributing plate other end is hinged with oil distribution casing, and during work, bent axle, power transmission shaft, oil distribution casing synchronously rotate forward or backwards around axle x, and one Floating ring is directly pressed on oil distribution casing by end and the bonnet butterfly spring that the other end and floating ring offset that offsets, and then indirectly will Oil distribution casing is pressed on oil-distributing plate, plays initial sealing and wear-compensating effect, i.e., when between floating ring and oil distribution casing or with oil After there is abrasion between disk and oil-distributing plate, under the elastic force effect of butterfly spring, between floating ring and oil distribution casing, oil distribution casing is with matching somebody with somebody Remain in that and be adjacent between oiled-plate method.The bearing holder (housing, cover) left and right ends step surface and protecgulum left side gap phase with housing respectively Support, i.e. the free degree of the bearing holder (housing, cover) along axle y directions is constrained by the step surface and the left side, but bearing holder (housing, cover) again can and bent axle Rotated freely together around axle x.
Further, external diameter of the oil cylinder close to Internal Spherical Surface one end sets a groove, and the diameter A of the groove compares oil cylinder Internal diameter B is smaller.
Further, the ratio between the diameter A of the groove and oil cylinder internal diameter B are approximately equal to 0.8~0.85, the truncated-spherical chi of oil cylinder The ratio between very little C and groove diameter A is not less than 0.5.
Further, the ratio between diameter A of the truncated-spherical size C of the oil cylinder and groove is 0.7~0.8.
Further, the piston is arranged to hollow and thin-walled cylindrical structure.
Further, convex annular step of the gearratio of cycloid axle formation left end setting one of the bent axle around axle y.
Further, the gearratio of cycloid axle formation of the bent axle sets 2-4 roads compensating groove.
Further, the endoporus of the bearing holder (housing, cover) is arranged to a unthreaded hole without boss rank.
Further, the endoporus of the bearing holder (housing, cover) sets 2 compensating grooves.
Further, an elastic rubber ring is set between the retaining ring and holding ring-shaped pressuring plate and places elastic rubber ring Groove, groove both may be disposed in retaining ring, may also set up on holding ring-shaped pressuring plate.
Further, it is nitrile rubber to be arranged at retaining ring and keep the elastic rubber ring material between ring-shaped pressuring plate, elasticity Rubber ring cross section can be circular, square, star or other shapes.
Further, the retaining ring sets an endoporus, keeps ring-shaped pressuring plate to set a boss, the endoporus of retaining ring and holding The boss of ring-shaped pressuring plate coordinates, and cooperation axis is axle y.
Further, the periphery of the oil cylinder lower end, i.e., the periphery of the one end that offseted with spheric seat set a groove, retaining ring It is fastened on the groove of oil cylinder lower end periphery, passes through retaining ring, the elastic caoutchouc being arranged between retaining ring and holding ring-shaped pressuring plate Circle, keep ring-shaped pressuring plate, with keep ring-shaped pressuring plate to be close to and the circlip that is fastened in bearing holder (housing, cover) groove by the Internal Spherical Surface of oil cylinder with The spherical outside surface of bearing holder (housing, cover) is adjacent to.
Further, the piston inner hole sets a ring-shaped step, by the pallet to be offseted with ring-shaped step, with peg The self-locking nut that screw thread coordinates, peg, peg ring, butterfly spring, spring base, circlip are by piston Internal Spherical Surface and cylinder cap ectosphere Face is adjacent to.
Further, peg and the peg ring sets a spherical outside surface and Internal Spherical Surface respectively, and two spheres offset, and can do relative Slide.
Further, the peg sets 2-4 oil-through-hole, and the size and quantity in hole are according to depending on motor displacement size.
Further, the centre of sphere O of the spherical outside surface of the cylinder cap1It is arranged on the outside of cylinder cap entity.
Further, the cylinder cap, peg, peg ring, four parts of piston sphere the centre of sphere it is concentric.
Further, the oil distribution casing and the oil-distributing plate plane that offsets are provided with three concentric ring bands, are respectively Outer ring seal band, middle ring band, inner ring seal band, it is outer on the outer ring seal band in be staggeredly provided with two row's oilholes and, It is 2 or more than 2 often to arrange oilhole quantity, and the external envelope radius of circle of interior row's oilhole is than the outer shroud lubricating oil The interior envelope radius of circle in hole is big, i.e. R1> R2
Further, interior outside on the middle ring band to be staggeredly provided with two row's oilholes, it is 2 often to arrange oilhole quantity Individual or more than 2, the external envelope radius of circle of interior row's oilhole is bigger than the interior envelope radius of circle of the outer shroud oilhole, That is R3> R4
Further, interior outside on the inner ring seal band to be staggeredly provided with two row's oilholes, it is 2 often to arrange oilhole quantity Individual or more than 2, the external envelope radius of circle of interior row's oilhole is bigger than the interior envelope radius of circle of the outer shroud oilhole, That is R5 > R6.
The present invention compared with prior art, has advantages below and beneficial effect:
1st, the present invention uses extension sleeve structure, forms the oil cylinder piston coaxial cooperation of extension sleeve, does relative telescopic fortune Dynamic oil cylinder and piston its axis overlap all the time, eliminate link-type motor because of the relative motion axis along with piston and connecting rod There is an angle of cut and caused side force and the phenomenon of ellipse abrasion.
2nd, the hydraulic pressure oil column formed is surrounded by bearing block, oil cylinder, piston, cylinder cap and pushes directly on bearing block and bent axle rotation, Compared with the link-type of prior art and the pendulum cylinder-type motor of Italian Sai companies, mechanical efficiency and reliability are improved.
3rd, oil cylinder, piston are thin-wall tubular structure, and compared with prior art, quality is lighter, and movement inertia is smaller, therefore It is more suitable for high speed operating mode, meanwhile, its processing technology is simpler.
4th, it is sphere-contact between oil cylinder and bearing block, between piston and cylinder cap, coordinates with the face of cylinder of link rod structure Compare, centering and stability are more preferable, and compared with trunnion configuration, mechanical characteristic is more preferable.
5th, Italian Calzoni companies are become using roller bearing structure between oil cylinder and bent axle and Foshan Shuande is favorite limited The sliding friction of the slip expansion pendulum cylinder-type motor of company's prior art is rolling friction, substantially reduces frictional force and caloric value, It is but again different with the prior art of crankshaft connecting rod type with Italian Sai companies in specific implementation details.
6th, replace butterfly spring to apply pretension to retaining ring using elastic rubber ring, compared with prior art, reduce horse Up to axial dimension, motor is more compact, meanwhile, rubber ring has the damping action for absorbing energy, can play absorption vibration and noise Good effect.
The 7th, the oscillation center of extension sleeve is arranged on to the outside of cylinder cap entity, increase the pendulum radius of extension sleeve, with Prior art is compared, and reduces motor rotary speed and torque ripple.
8th, bent axle and bearing block are in the axial direction without relative position constraint relation, and the axially and radially free degree of bent axle is by setting The two bearings for being placed in housing and protecgulum are constrained, and bearing block axial freedom is constrained by housing boss face and protecgulum left side, therefore The boss rank that roller and bearing block are constrained on crankshaft eccentric shaft part can be removed, a boss rank of crankshaft eccentric shaft part is only to fill Positioning and set temporarily during with dismounting, do not serve during work functional, dimensional accuracy and surface smoothness requirements are not high, because This Crankshaft Machining is convenient.
9th, forced feed lubrication oilhole and counterbalance spring are offered on oil distribution casing, greasy property is more preferable, and reliability is higher.
Brief description of the drawings
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of crankshaft connecting low-speed big radial plunger type motor structural representation of prior art.
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 A-A sectional views.
Fig. 3 is crankshaft connecting low-speed big radial plunger type motor ellipse abrasion schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is a kind of slip expansion pendulum cylinder-type low-speed big radial plunger type motor structural representation of prior art Figure.
Fig. 5 is a solution structural representation disclosed in american documentation literature US5967018.
Fig. 6 is a solution structural representation disclosed in american documentation literature US7267042B2.
Fig. 7 is a kind of structural representation of pendulum cylinder-type high-torque hydraulic motor of Italian Sai companies production.
Fig. 8 is a kind of structural representation of middling speed high pulling torque radial plunger type motor of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is cylinder structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Figure 10 is hook rail structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Figure 11 is crankshaft structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Figure 12 is Fig. 8 partial enlarged drawing I.
Figure 13 is oil distribution casing structural representation of the present invention.
Figure 14 is Figure 13 A-A sectional views.
Figure 15 is Figure 14 partial enlarged drawing II.
Figure 16 is oil distribution casing oilhole arrangement schematic diagram of the present invention.
Wherein in figure:
1. the casing step face of housing 101.
2. the compensating groove of 203. step end face of bent axle 201. gearratio of cycloid axle formation, 202. convex annular step 204.
3. roller
4. the bearing holder (housing, cover) spherical outside surface of 401. endoporus of bearing holder (housing, cover) 402.
5. the cylinder cap spherical outside surface of cylinder cap 501.
6. extension sleeve
7. retaining ring
8. the oil-through-hole of 801. screw thread of peg, 802. spherical outside surface 803.
9. oil distribution mechanism
10. power transmission shaft
11. the groove of 1101. oil cylinder Internal Spherical Surface of oil cylinder 1102.
12. the ring-shaped step of 1201. piston Internal Spherical Surface of piston 1202.
13. keep ring-shaped pressuring plate
14. elastic rubber ring
15. the circlip in bearing holder (housing, cover) groove
16. pallet
17. self-locking nut
18. the Internal Spherical Surface of peg ring 1801.
19. butterfly spring
20. spring base
21 circlips
22. oil-distributing plate
23. the inner ring seal band of 2301. outer ring seal band of oil distribution casing, 2302. middle ring band 2303.
2304. the oilhole of 2305. oilhole of oilhole 2306.
The oilhole of 2307. oilhole, 2308. oilhole 2308
2312. oilhole breach of the oil distribution casing of 2310. guiding gutter 2311. periphery
24. floating ring
25 oil distribution mechanism butterfly springs
26. bonnet
27. the protecgulum left side of protecgulum 2701.
O1Cylinder cap spherical outside surface centre of sphere O2The bearing holder (housing, cover) spherical outside surface centre of sphere
X. axis y. axis z. axis e. offset distances.
Embodiment
In order that technical characteristic, purpose and the beneficial effect of the present invention become apparent from understanding, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to this hair Bright embodiment is described in detail.
As shown in figure 8, a kind of middling speed high pulling torque radial plunger type motor, including housing 1, external output speed and moment of torsion Bent axle 2, be arranged at the bearing 29 of housing 1 and the endoporus of protecgulum 27, the roller 3 for being coated at the gearratio of cycloid axle formation 201 of bent axle 2, in roller 3 It is placed in the endoporus 401 of bearing holder (housing, cover) 4, radial direction star is uniformly anchored on the cylinder cap 5 of housing 1, along the radial distribution of bearing block 4 and up and down Hold the extension sleeve 6 to be offseted respectively with the spherical outside surface 501 of cylinder cap 5 and the spherical outside surface 402 of bearing holder (housing, cover) 4, the lower end by extension sleeve 6 All the time it is close to the retaining ring 7 of the spherical outside surface 402 of bearing holder (housing, cover) 4, cylinder cap spherical outside surface is close in the upper end of extension sleeve 6 all the time The power transmission shaft 10 that 501 peg 8, both ends are connected with the left end of bent axle 2 and oil distribution mechanism 9 respectively.
Extension sleeve 6 includes 12 two parts of oil cylinder 11 and piston, oil cylinder 11 and the coaxial cooperation of piston 12, axis z, axle Line z passes through the centre of sphere O of the spherical outside surface 501 of cylinder cap 5 all the time1With the centre of sphere O of the spherical outside surface 402 of bearing holder (housing, cover) 42, during work, oil cylinder 11 With the centre of sphere O of sphere 501 of the piston 12 along z-axis stretching motion and around cylinder cap 51Swing.
Bent axle 2, roller 3, bearing holder (housing, cover) 4 form a rolling bearing structure, during work, by between oil cylinder 11 and bearing holder (housing, cover) 4 The relative rolling being converted between bearing holder (housing, cover) 4 and bent axle 2 is slided, force of sliding friction is far smaller than according to tribology force of rolling friction General principle, the scheme substantially improves the frictional behavior of the middling speed high pulling torque radial plunger type motor.
By retaining ring 7, ring-shaped pressuring plate 13 is kept, be arranged at retaining ring 7 and keeps the elastic rubber ring between ring-shaped pressuring plate 13 14th, with keep ring-shaped pressuring plate 13 be close to and the circlip 15 that is fastened in the groove of bearing holder (housing, cover) 4 by the Internal Spherical Surface 1101 of oil cylinder 11 with The spherical outside surface 402 of bearing holder (housing, cover) 4 is adjacent to, and the face of being adjacent to seals.
Be tod by pallet 16, self-locking nut 17, peg 8, peg ring 18, butterfly spring 19, spring base 20, circlip 21 Piston Internal Spherical Surface 1201 is adjacent to cylinder cap spherical outside surface 501, and the effect of being slidingly sealed is played in the face of being adjacent to.
Oil distribution mechanism 9 includes oil-distributing plate 22, oil distribution casing 23, floating ring 24, butterfly spring 25, bonnet 26, one end and bent axle 3 Be hinged power transmission shaft 10 is be hinged with oil distribution casing 23 through housing 1 and the other end of oil-distributing plate 22, during work, bent axle 2, power transmission shaft 10, Oil distribution casing 23 is synchronous to be rotated forward or backwards around axle x, and one end and bonnet 26 offset the butterfly bullet that the other end offsets with floating ring 24 Floating ring 24 is directly pressed on oil distribution casing 23 by spring 25, and then oil distribution casing 23 is pressed on oil-distributing plate 22 indirectly, is played just Begin to seal and wear-compensating acts on, i.e., ground when between floating ring 24 and oil distribution casing 23 or between oil distribution casing 23 and oil-distributing plate 22 After damage, butterfly spring 25 elastic force effect under, between floating ring 24 and oil distribution casing 23, between oil distribution casing 23 and oil-distributing plate 22 still So keep being adjacent to.
The left and right ends of bearing block 4 offset with the step surface 101 of housing 1 and the gap of 27 left side of protecgulum 2701 respectively, That is the free degree of the bearing block 4 along axle y directions is constrained by the step surface 101 and the left side 2701, but bearing block 4 again can Rotated freely together around axle x with bent axle 2.
During work, hydraulic oil is assigned to housing 1 and the runner of cylinder cap 5 successively by oil distribution structure 9, into by cylinder cap 5, oil cylinder 11st, the cavity volume that piston 12, spheric seat 4 are surrounded, the hydraulic pressure oil column that the cavity volume surrounds produces thrust to spheric seat 4, described to push away Line of force passes through O all the time2, because of O2There is an offset distance e with the axis x of bent axle 2, so the thrust produces torque to bent axle 2, cause Make bent axle 2 around axis x rotate, external output speed and moment of torsion, spheric seat 4 around axle x revolve round the sun while around axle y rotations.
As the present embodiment more specifically technical scheme:
Such as Fig. 9, oil cylinder 11 is arranged to hollow and thin-walled cylindrical structure, lower end(I.e. close to the one end of Internal Spherical Surface 1101)External diameter is set One groove 1102, to reduce motor axial dimension, the diameter A of groove 1102 is more smaller than oil cylinder internal diameter B, and A/B is approximately equal to 0.8~ 0.85;Consider that the contact with the spherical outside surface 402 of bearing block 4 of the mechanical strength of oil cylinder 11 and the spherical outside surface 1101 of oil cylinder 11 should simultaneously Power, the size C of oil cylinder 11 should not be too small, and C/A is no less than 0.5, it is preferred that 0.7~0.8.The purpose of design of above-mentioned oil cylinder 11 It is the physical dimension that minimum is obtained on the premise of mechanical strength is ensured, reduces movement inertia, this is to improving motor rotary speed It is particularly important.
Because the spherical outside surface 802 of peg 8 is close to the Internal Spherical Surface 1801 of peg ring 18, to avoid hydraulic oil from producing impact to peg 8, As shown in Figure 10, some oil leak holes 803 are opened on peg 8, it is big that the quantity and diameter of oil leak hole 803 depend on motor displacement It is small.
As shown in figure 11, bent axle 2 the left end of gearratio of cycloid axle formation 201 set one around axle y convex annular step 202, for assembling and Position use during dismounting temporarily, do not serve during work functional.Therefore, size L precision and the finish of step end face 203 are equal Without too high requirement, therefore Crankshaft Machining is convenient;To reduce or eliminate stress concentration, if setting arterial highway in gearratio of cycloid axle formation 201 Compensating groove 204.
As shown in partial enlargement Figure 12, retaining ring 7 is fastened on the groove 1102 of the external diameter of oil cylinder 11, is arranged at retaining ring 7 With keeping the elastic rubber ring 14 between ring-shaped pressuring plate 13 to apply elastic force to retaining ring 7, retaining ring 7 is fastened in oil cylinder 11 all the time On groove 1102, spherical outside surface 402 of the Internal Spherical Surface 1101 of oil cylinder 11 all the time with spheric seat 4 is adjacent to, is adjacent in oil cylinder 11 The hydraulic oil of empty inner chamber applies sealing.The material of elastic rubber ring 14 is the nitrile rubber of oil resistant, cross section can be it is circular, Square, star or other shapes.Compared with the butterfly spring design of prior art, because elastic rubber ring 14 can be embedded in holding In ring-shaped pressuring plate 13 or the groove of retaining ring 7, installing space is saved, size is more compact, is absorbed in addition, elastic rubber ring also has The damping action of energy, vibration and noise can be reduced to a certain extent.
With reference to figure 8,13,14, oil distribution casing 23 and oil-distributing plate 22 offset plane provided with concentric outer ring seal band 2301, in Ring band 2302, inner ring seal band 2303.Staggeredly two row's oilholes 2304 are provided with outside on the outer ring seal band 2301 With 2305, it can be 2,3,4 ... often to arrange oilhole quantity, specifically depending on motor displacement size and applying working condition, Hydraulic oil on the guiding gutter 2310 of oil distribution casing 23 and its periphery 2311 is entered by the breach 2312 of described each oilhole Each oilhole, forced feed lubrication is carried out to friction pair.The external envelope radius of circle of interior row's oilhole 2305 is outer than described The interior envelope radius of circle of ring oilhole 2304 is big, i.e. R1> R2, its object is to floating ring 22 and the outer ring seal band of oil distribution casing 23 It can be lubricated on 2301 contact surfaces.Lubrication hydraulic fluid port method to set up on middle ring band 2302 and inner ring seal band 2303 and Its purpose is identical with the oilhole method to set up on outer ring seal band 2301 and purpose, and this is no longer described in detail.
Particular embodiments described above, only preferred embodiments of the present invention, such as according to the present patent application patent The equal design that scope is done, the technology that should be the present invention are covered.

Claims (21)

1. a kind of middling speed high pulling torque radial plunger type motor, including housing(1), external output speed and moment of torsion bent axle(2), It is coated at bent axle(2)Gearratio of cycloid axle formation(201)Roller(3), roller(3)Inside it is placed on bearing holder (housing, cover)(4)Endoporus(401)Interior, footpath Housing is uniformly anchored on to star(1)Cylinder cap(5), along bearing block(4)Radial distribution and upper and lower side respectively with cylinder cap(5)It is outer Sphere(501)And bearing holder (housing, cover)(4)Spherical outside surface(402)The extension sleeve to offset(6), by extension sleeve(6)Lower end it is tight all the time It is affixed on bearing holder (housing, cover)(4)Spherical outside surface(402)Retaining ring(7), by extension sleeve(6)Upper end be close to cylinder cap spherical outside surface all the time (501)Peg(8), both ends respectively with bent axle(2)And oil distribution mechanism(9)The power transmission shaft of connection(10);
The extension sleeve(6)Include oil cylinder(11)With piston (12), the oil cylinder(11)With the piston (12) coaxial cooperation, Axis passes through cylinder cap all the time(5)Spherical outside surface(501)The centre of sphere(O1)And bearing holder (housing, cover)(4)Spherical outside surface(402)The centre of sphere(O2), During work, oil cylinder(11)With piston (12) along z-axis stretching motion and around cylinder cap(5)Sphere(501)The centre of sphere(O1)Swing;
The bent axle(2), roller(3), bearing holder (housing, cover)(4)Form a rolling bearing structure;
Also include retaining ring(7), keep ring-shaped pressuring plate(13), be arranged at retaining ring(7)With keeping ring-shaped pressuring plate(13)Between elasticity Rubber ring(14), with keeping ring-shaped pressuring plate(13)It is close to and is fastened in the bearing holder (housing, cover)(4)Circlip in groove(15), it is described Circlip(15)By oil cylinder(11)Internal Spherical Surface(1101)With bearing holder (housing, cover)(4)Spherical outside surface(402)It is adjacent to;
Also include pallet(16), self-locking nut(17), peg(8), peg ring(18), butterfly spring(19), spring base(20), bullet Property back-up ring(21), the pallet(16), self-locking nut(17), peg(8), peg ring(18), butterfly spring(19), spring base (20), circlip(21)By piston Internal Spherical Surface(1201)With cylinder cap spherical outside surface(501)It is adjacent to;
Also include oil distribution mechanism(9), the oil distribution mechanism(9)Including oil-distributing plate(22), oil distribution casing(23), floating ring(24), butterfly Shape spring(25), bonnet(26), one end and bent axle(3)Be hinged power transmission shaft(10)Through housing(1)And oil-distributing plate(22)It is another End and oil distribution casing(23)It is be hinged, during work, bent axle(2), power transmission shaft(10), oil distribution casing(23)It is synchronous to be revolved forward or backwards around x-axis Turn, one end and bonnet(26)Offset the other end and floating ring(24)The butterfly spring to offset(25)By floating ring(24)Directly compress In oil distribution casing(23)On, and then indirectly by oil distribution casing(23)It is pressed on oil-distributing plate(22)On, play initial sealing and wear-compensating Effect, that is, work as floating ring(24)With oil distribution casing(23)Between or oil distribution casing(23)With oil-distributing plate(22)Between occur abrasion after, Butterfly spring(25)Elastic force effect under, floating ring(24)With oil distribution casing(23)Between, oil distribution casing(23)With oil-distributing plate(22)It Between remain in that and be adjacent to;
The bearing holder (housing, cover)(4)Left and right ends respectively with housing(1)Step surface(101)And protecgulum(27)Left side(2701)Gap Offset, i.e. bearing holder (housing, cover)(4)The free degree along the y-axis direction is the step surface(101)With the left side(2701)Constrained, but Bearing holder (housing, cover)(4)Again can and bent axle(2)Rotated freely together around x-axis.
2. middling speed high pulling torque radial plunger type motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:Oil cylinder(11)In being arranged to Empty thin wall cylindrical structure, the oil cylinder(11)Close to Internal Spherical Surface(1101)The external diameter of one end sets a groove(1102), the ditch Groove(1102)Diameter A it is more smaller than oil cylinder internal diameter B.
3. middling speed high pulling torque radial plunger type motor according to claim 2, it is characterized in that:The groove(1102)'s The ratio between diameter A and oil cylinder internal diameter B are approximately equal to 0.8~0.85, oil cylinder(11)Truncated-spherical size C and groove(1102)Diameter A The ratio between be not less than 0.5.
4. middling speed high pulling torque radial plunger type motor according to claim 3, it is characterized in that:The oil cylinder(11)Cut Sphere size C and groove(1102)The ratio between diameter A be 0.7~0.8.
5. middling speed high pulling torque radial plunger type motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:The piston(12)Set For hollow and thin-walled cylindrical structure.
6. middling speed high pulling torque radial plunger type motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:The bent axle(2)It is inclined Mandrel section(201)Convex annular step of the left end setting one around y-axis(202).
7. middling speed high pulling torque radial plunger type motor according to claim 6, it is characterized in that:The bent axle(2)It is inclined Mandrel section(201)2-4 roads compensating groove is set.
8. middling speed high pulling torque radial plunger type motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:The bearing holder (housing, cover)(4)It Endoporus(401)It is arranged to a unthreaded hole without boss rank.
9. middling speed high pulling torque radial plunger type motor according to claim 8, it is characterized in that:The bearing holder (housing, cover)(4)It Endoporus(401)2 compensating grooves are set.
10. middling speed high pulling torque radial plunger type motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:The retaining ring(7)With Keep ring-shaped pressuring plate(13)Between an elastic rubber ring is set(14)And place elastic rubber ring(14)Groove, groove both can be set In retaining ring(7)On, it may also set up in holding ring-shaped pressuring plate(13)On.
11. middling speed high pulling torque radial plunger type motor according to claim 10, it is characterized in that:It is arranged at retaining ring (7)With keeping ring-shaped pressuring plate(13)Between elastic rubber ring(14)Material is nitrile rubber, elastic rubber ring(14)Cross section can To be circular, square, star or other shapes.
12. middling speed high pulling torque radial plunger type motor according to claim 10, it is characterized in that:The retaining ring(7) One endoporus is set, keeps ring-shaped pressuring plate(13)One boss, retaining ring are set(7)Endoporus with keep ring-shaped pressuring plate(13)Boss match somebody with somebody Close, cooperation axis is y-axis.
13. middling speed high pulling torque radial plunger type motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:The oil cylinder(11)Under The periphery at end, i.e., and spheric seat(4)The peripheral of one end that offset sets a groove, retaining ring(7)It is fastened on oil cylinder(11)Outside lower end On the groove enclosed, pass through retaining ring(7), be arranged at retaining ring(7)With keeping ring-shaped pressuring plate(13)Between elastic rubber ring(14), Keep ring-shaped pressuring plate(13), with keeping ring-shaped pressuring plate(13)It is close to and is fastened in bearing holder (housing, cover)(4)Circlip in groove(15)By oil Cylinder(11)Internal Spherical Surface(1101)With bearing holder (housing, cover)(4)Spherical outside surface(402)It is adjacent to.
14. middling speed high pulling torque radial plunger type motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:The piston(12)It is interior Hole sets a ring-shaped step(1202), by with ring-shaped step(1202)The pallet to offset(16), with peg(8)Screw thread (801)The self-locking nut of cooperation(17), peg(8), peg ring(18), butterfly spring(19), spring base(20), circlip (21)By piston Internal Spherical Surface(1201)With cylinder cap spherical outside surface(501)It is adjacent to.
15. middling speed high pulling torque radial plunger type motor according to claim 14, it is characterized in that:The peg(8)And Peg ring(18)One spherical outside surface is set respectively(802)And Internal Spherical Surface(1801), two spheres(802)With(1801)Offset, phase can be done To sliding.
16. middling speed high pulling torque radial plunger type motor according to claim 15, it is characterized in that:The peg(8)If Put 2-4 oil-through-hole(803), the size and quantity in hole are according to depending on motor displacement size.
17. middling speed high pulling torque radial plunger type motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:The cylinder cap(5)Outside Sphere(501)The centre of sphere(O1)It is arranged on cylinder cap(5)The outside of entity.
18. middling speed high pulling torque radial plunger type motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:The cylinder cap(5), hang Bar(8), peg ring(18), piston(12)The sphere of four parts(501)、(802)、(1801)、(1201)The centre of sphere it is concentric.
19. middling speed high pulling torque radial plunger type motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:The oil distribution casing(23) With the oil-distributing plate(22)The plane that offsets is provided with three concentric ring bands, is outer ring seal band respectively(2301), middle ring it is close Seal band(2302), inner ring seal band(2303), the outer ring seal band(2301)Staggeredly two row's oilholes are provided with outside upper (2304)With(2305), it is 2 or more than 2 often to arrange oilhole quantity, interior row's oilhole(2305)External envelope Radius of circle is than the outer shroud oilhole(2304)Interior envelope radius of circle it is big, i.e. R1> R2
20. middling speed high pulling torque radial plunger type motor according to claim 19, it is characterized in that:The middle ring band (2302)Staggeredly two row's oilholes are provided with outside upper(2306)With(2307), often arrange oilhole quantity be 2 or 2 with On, interior row's oilhole(2307)External envelope radius of circle than the outer shroud oilhole(2306)Interior envelope radius of circle Greatly, i.e. R3> R4
21. middling speed high pulling torque radial plunger type motor according to claim 19, it is characterized in that:The inner ring seal band (2303)Staggeredly two row's oilholes are provided with outside upper(2308)With(2309), often arrange oilhole quantity be 2 or 2 with On, interior row's oilhole(2309)External envelope radius of circle than the outer shroud oilhole(2308)Interior envelope radius of circle Greatly, i.e. R5 > R6.
CN201610242447.9A 2016-04-19 2016-04-19 A kind of middling speed high pulling torque radial plunger type motor Active CN105756850B (en)

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PCT/CN2017/080515 WO2017181907A1 (en) 2016-04-19 2017-04-14 Medium-speed high-torque radial piston hydraulic motor

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