CN105755389A - Treatment technology of corrosion-resistant material for heat exchanger - Google Patents
Treatment technology of corrosion-resistant material for heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
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- CN105755389A CN105755389A CN201610295571.1A CN201610295571A CN105755389A CN 105755389 A CN105755389 A CN 105755389A CN 201610295571 A CN201610295571 A CN 201610295571A CN 105755389 A CN105755389 A CN 105755389A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/14—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for soldering seams
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/26—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 400 degrees C
- B23K35/262—Sn as the principal constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/007—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silver
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- C22C38/008—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tin
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- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/31—Coating with metals
- C23C18/32—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/12—Aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/34—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the material to be treated
- C23C2/36—Elongated material
- C23C2/38—Wires; Tubes
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Abstract
The invention relates to a treatment technology of a corrosion-resistant material for a heat exchanger. The treatment technology comprises the following steps: selecting an alloy material, performing melting, performing refining deslagging with a refining agent, performing degassing refining, producing pipe materials, and performing welding, aluminum plating, and secondary chemical composite plating. According to the corrosion-resistant material produced according to the treatment technology disclosed by the invention, two refining processes of refining deslagging with the refining agent and degassing refining with argon gas are performed, so that the raw materials are thoroughly deslagged and refined; twice refining and twice melting are matched, and the quality of the alloy material is greatly improved, so that the service life of the heat exchanger is prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the process technique of a kind of heat exchanger resistant material, belong to metal working technical area.
Background technology
Heat exchanger is a kind of energy-saving equipment realizing the transmission of heat between material between two or more fluid of different temperatures, it is to make heat be passed to, by the fluid that temperature is higher, the fluid that temperature is relatively low, fluid temperature (F.T.) is made to reach the index of flow specification, to meet the needs of process conditions, it the most also it is one of capital equipment improving energy utilization rate.Heat exchanger occupies critical role in chemical industry, oil, power, food and other many industrial production, and its heat exchanger in Chemical Manufacture can be widely used as heater, cooler, condenser, evaporimeter and reboiler etc..
Due to being widely used of heat exchanger, being frequently used in the operating mode of high temperature, full corrosive substance, this just requires that the material of heat exchanger must have good decay resistance.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, not enough for prior art, proposes the process technique of a kind of heat exchanger resistant material.
The present invention solves that the technical scheme that above-mentioned technical problem proposes is: the process technique of a kind of heat exchanger resistant material, comprise the following specific steps that:
null(i): select alloy material as requested，Its each weight percentages of components is: C:0.01-0.08%，Al:0.78-0.96%,Zn:0.43-0.56%,Si:0.13-0.27%，Mn:0.47-0.63%，S :≤0.03%，P :≤0.03%，Cr:0.03-0.08%，Ni:0.22-0.34%，Cu:0.12-0.23%，V:0.02-0.08%，Mo:0.14-0.19%，Ti:0.33-0.49%，B:0.05-0.08%，Pd:0.01-0.08%,Pt:0.06-0.09%,W:0.31-0.43%,Ta:0.01-0.02%,Nd:0.02-0.04%,Ce:0.05-0.08%,Eu:0.02-0.03%,Lu:0.12-0.18%，Au:0.17-0.26%，Ag:0.41-0.52%，Ga:0.03-0.05%，Y:0.13-0.18%，Sn:0.23-0.32%，Zr:0.12-0.15%，Re:0.08-0.13%，Os:0.02-0.05%，Hf:0.02-0.03%，Bi:0.15-0.23%，Gd:0.05-0.08%，Pr:0.03-0.05%，Dy:0.07-0.09%，Ac:0.12-0.18%，Sm:0.11-0.13%，La:0.11-0.13%,Calcium oxide: 0.12-0.16%,Magnesia: 0.09-0.15%,Cupric oxide: 0.15-0.28%,Iron oxide: 0.14-0.21%,Manganese dioxide: 0.16-0.24%,Kocide SD: 0.09-0.15%,Iron hydroxide: 0.05-0.14%,Calcium hydroxide: 0.04-0.13%,Barium hydroxide: 0.04-0.11%,Calcium carbonate: 0.06-0.11%,Potassium nitrate: 0.11-0.16%,Magnesium chloride: 0.12-0.16%,Potassium chlorate: 0.06-0.12%，Barium sulfate: 0.13-0.23%，Copper sulphate: 0.12-0.17%，Surplus is Fe；
(ii): melting:
A, being put in smelting furnace by above-mentioned alloy material, the temperature in smelting furnace is brought up to 1460 DEG C-1500 DEG C, raw material is smelted formation alloy solution, is then sufficiently stirred for, and is incubated 1-3h at 1460 DEG C-1500 DEG C；
B, alloy solution obtained in the previous step is cooled down, during cooling, water-cooled is combined with air cooling, first use water-cooled, with the cooldown rate of 25-28 DEG C/s, to 520-550 DEG C, alloy solution water-cooled is formed alloy, then air cooling is to 350-380 DEG C, then use water-cooled with the cooldown rate of 6-9 DEG C/s by alloy water-cooled to room temperature；
C, heating, the alloy after previous step being cooled down carries out secondary smelting in adding smelting furnace, the temperature in smelting furnace brings up to 1570 DEG C to 1600 DEG C, and alloy is formed alloy solution by secondary smelting；
(iii): be sufficiently stirred for when alloy liquid greenhouse cooling to 1230 DEG C-1250 DEG C, refining agent refining slagging-off 30min-40min and is added at 1230 DEG C-1250 DEG C；
(iv): after slagging-off processes, alloy liquid temperature be down to 1160-1170 DEG C and be incubated 20min-30min, then furnace temperature being down to 1130-1140 DEG C, at temperature 1130-1140 DEG C, add refining agent, carry out refinery by de-gassing 15min-20min with argon gas；
(v): alloy liquid temperature constant cast at 1100-1120 DEG C, carrying out the most successively extruding, sawing, align, roll. system, dish draw, rewinding, annealing and drawing process, and obtain tubing；
(vi): aforementioned tubes is welded, with argon shield weld seam front, weld root be in the welding region of more than 200 DEG C during welding, welding process carries out weld seam front protecting and back of weld protection；
nullThe percentage by weight of selection solder chemical composition is: Zn:1.23-1.56%，Si:0.45-0.59%，Ge:0.15-0.23%，Mg:0.65-0.76%，Ti:0.31-0.43%，Cu:0.45-0.55%，C:0.05-0.14%，In:0.26-0.38%,Ga:0.11-0.23%，Al:0.82-1.16%，Mn:0.62-0.75%，Fe:0.55-0.64%，Cr:0.03-0.07%，Ni:0.65-0.75%，Zr:0.25-0.36%，V:0.07-0.13%，Mo:0.02-0.05%，Re:0.02-0.06%，Pt:0.12-0.18%，Bi:0.15-0.19%，Au:0.27-0.35%，W:0.44-0.52%，Rare earth element: 0.88-1.26%，Remaining is Sn；
(vii): aluminize:
A, aforementioned tubes are aluminized in aluminum pot, and temperature controls at 620-640 DEG C, and the time is 75-80 minute, form the aluminum layer of 95-105 μm on the surface of tubing；
B, tubing after aluminizing carry out cooling process, and holding furnace temperature is 100 DEG C, carries out being incubated and Slow cooling；
C, in salt pan eliminate residual stress, temperature 500 DEG C, the 8 hours time, it is achieved high annealing；
(viii): Ni-P for the second time:
A, tubing carrying out under normal temperature, condition of normal pressure the amorphous Ni-P Technology of Chemical Composite Plating with molybdate as additive, the component of coating and content is: nickel sulfate: 35～42g/L；Sodium dihydrogen phosphate: 15～18g/L；Sodium citrate: 24～32g/L；Ammonium acetate: 20～25g/L；Ammonium fluoride: 4～6g/L；Sodium molybdate: 7～12mg/L；Its pH value of plating solution including above component is 7～9；Its thickness of Amorphous Ni-P Alloy chemical composite plating with molybdate as additive is 50～85 μm；
B, tubing is carried out overlay coating annealing dehydrogenation and recrystallization annealing process prepare heat exchanger resistant material.
nullThe improvement of technique scheme is: step (i) in each weight percentages of components be: C:0.01%，Al:0.78%,Zn:0.45%,Si:0.14%，Mn:0.48%，S :≤0.03%，P :≤0.03%，Cr:0.04%，Ni:0.23%，Cu:0.14%，V:0.03%，Mo:0.15%，Ti:0.36%，B:0.05%，Pd:0.02%,Pt:0.06%,W:0.32%,Ta:0.01%,Nd:0.02%,Ce:0.06%,Eu:0.02%,Lu:0.13%，Au:0.18%，Ag:0.42%，Ga:0.03%，Y:0.14%，Sn:0.25%，Zr:0.12%，Re:0.08%，Os:0.02%，Hf:0.02%，Bi:0.16%，Gd:0.05%，Pr:0.03%，Dy:0.07%，Ac:0.12%，Sm:0.11%，La:0.11%,Calcium oxide: 0.13%,Magnesia: 0.09%,Cupric oxide: 0.16%,Iron oxide: 0.15%,Manganese dioxide: 0.17%,Kocide SD: 0.11%,Iron hydroxide: 0.06%,Calcium hydroxide: 0.05%,Barium hydroxide: 0.07%,Calcium carbonate: 0.09%,Potassium nitrate: 0.13%,Magnesium chloride: 0.12%,Potassium chlorate: 0.06%，Barium sulfate: 0.15%，Copper sulphate: 0.13%，Surplus is Fe.
nullThe improvement of technique scheme is: step (i) in each weight percentages of components be: C:0.07%，Al:0.93%,Zn:0.55%,Si:0.24%，Mn:0.62%，S :≤0.03%，P :≤0.03%，Cr:0.07%，Ni:0.33%，Cu:0.21%，V:0.07%，Mo:0.18%，Ti:0.47%，B:0.07%，Pd:0.06%,Pt:0.08%,W:0.42%,Ta:0.02%,Nd:0.04%,Ce:0.07%,Eu:0.03%,Lu:0.17%，Au:0.24%，Ag:0.51%，Ga:0.04%，Y:0.16%，Sn:0.29%，Zr:0.14%，Re:0.12%，Os:0.04%，Hf:0.03%，Bi:0.21%，Gd:0.07%，Pr:0.04%，Dy:0.08%，Ac:0.17%，Sm:0.12%，La:0.13%,Calcium oxide: 0.15%,Magnesia: 0.13%,Cupric oxide: 0.26%,Iron oxide: 0.21%,Manganese dioxide: 0.24%,Kocide SD: 0.14%,Iron hydroxide: 0.12%,Calcium hydroxide: 0.11%,Barium hydroxide: 0.09%,Calcium carbonate: 0.08%,Potassium nitrate: 0.16%,Magnesium chloride: 0.15%,Potassium chlorate: 0.11%，Barium sulfate: 0.22%，Copper sulphate: 0.16%，Surplus is Fe.
The improvement of technique scheme is: step (ii) in:
A, being put in smelting furnace by above-mentioned alloy material, the temperature in smelting furnace is brought up to 1480 DEG C, raw material is smelted formation alloy solution, is then sufficiently stirred for, and is incubated 3h at 1480 DEG C；
B, alloy solution obtained in the previous step is cooled down, during cooling, water-cooled is combined with air cooling, first using water-cooled, with the cooldown rate of 28 DEG C/s, alloy solution water-cooled to 550 DEG C is formed alloy, then air cooling is to 380 DEG C, then use water-cooled with the cooldown rate of 8 DEG C/s by alloy water-cooled to room temperature；
C, heating, the alloy after previous step being cooled down carries out secondary smelting in adding smelting furnace, the temperature in smelting furnace is brought up to 1580 DEG C, and alloy is formed alloy solution by secondary smelting.
The improvement of technique scheme is: step (iii) in: be sufficiently stirred for when alloy liquid greenhouse cooling to 1240 DEG C, and at 1240 DEG C add refining agent refining slagging-off 40min.
The improvement of technique scheme is: step (iv) in: slagging-off process after, alloy liquid temperature be down to 1170 DEG C and be incubated 30min, then furnace temperature being down to 1140 DEG C, at temperature 1140 DEG C add refining agent, carry out refinery by de-gassing 20min with argon gas.
The improvement of technique scheme is: step (vi) in: the chemical composition weight/mass percentage composition of rare earth element is: Lu:4-7%, Nd:12-15%, Ce:16-19%, Er:2-6%, Pr:5-11%, Pm:22-26%, and surplus is La.
The improvement of technique scheme is: step (vi) in: select solder chemical composition percentage by weight be: Zn:1.35%, Si:0.49%, Ge:0.22%, Mg:0.74%, Ti:0.37%, Cu:0.48%, C:0.12%, In:0.33%, Ga:0.21%, Al:1.12%, Mn:0.72%, Fe:0.62%, Cr:0.05%, Ni:0.68%, Zr:0.33%, V:0.12%, Mo:0.03%, Re:0.04%, Pt:0.16%, Bi:0.18%, Au:0.33%, W:0.51%, rare earth element: 1.23%, remaining is Sn；The chemical composition weight/mass percentage composition of its rare earth elements is: Lu:6%, Nd:14%, Ce:17%, Er:5%, Pr:8%, Pm:24%, and surplus is La.
The improvement of technique scheme is: step (vii) in:
A, aforementioned tubes are aluminized in aluminum pot, and temperature controls at 630 DEG C, and the time is 80 minutes, forms the aluminum layer of 100 μm on the surface of tubing；
B, tubing after aluminizing carry out cooling process, and holding furnace temperature is 100 DEG C, carries out being incubated and Slow cooling；
C, in salt pan eliminate residual stress, temperature 500 DEG C, the 8 hours time, it is achieved high annealing.
The improvement of technique scheme is: step (viii) in:
A, tubing carrying out under normal temperature, condition of normal pressure the amorphous Ni-P Technology of Chemical Composite Plating with molybdate as additive, the component of coating and content is: nickel sulfate: 38g/L；Sodium dihydrogen phosphate: 17g/L；Sodium citrate: 28g/L；Ammonium acetate: 25g/L；Ammonium fluoride: 5g/L；Sodium molybdate: 9mg/L；Its pH value of plating solution including above component is 7；Its thickness of Amorphous Ni-P Alloy chemical composite plating with molybdate as additive is 80 μm；
B, tubing is carried out overlay coating annealing dehydrogenation and recrystallization annealing process prepare heat exchanger resistant material.
The present invention uses technique scheme to provide the benefit that: (1), when step (i) middle selection alloy material, adds the raw materials such as Al, Zn and Ni, substantially increases the decay resistance of alloy material；(2) owing to when step (i) middle selection alloy material, being also added into the raw materials such as Mn, Ti and W, substantially increasing the intensity of alloy material, extending the service life of material；(3) alloy material is also added into Cu, improves the heat-conductive characteristic of material, can be effectively improved the heat exchange efficiency of heat exchanger；(4) owing to the raw material of alloy material being also added into calcium oxide, magnesia, cupric oxide, iron oxide, manganese dioxide, Kocide SD, iron hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, potassium nitrate, magnesium chloride, potassium chlorate, barium sulfate and copper sulphate, during the heating and cooling of raw material, these raw materials can combine the complex oxide film forming densification in alloy appearance, is greatly improved the decay resistance of material；(5) step of the present invention (ii) in raw material melting time, use water-cooled to be combined quickly cooling with air cooling for the first time after melting, after carry out second time melting, lowered the temperature and secondary smelting by quick, greatly reduce the impurity in raw material, improve the quality of final material；(6) step of the present invention (iii) and (iv) in, twice refining process of refinery by de-gassing is carried out by refining agent refining slagging-off and argon gas, make raw material deslagging refining more thorough, twice refining matching step (ii) in twice melting, the quality making alloy material is greatly improved, thus extends the service life of heat exchanger；(7) step uses cored solder when (vi) welding, fill a prescription by changing tinbase cored solder, mix Group IVB element and replace the B element in conventional formulation, improve tinbase cored solder strength and toughness, on the premise of not improving brazing temperature, improve soldering strength further, it is ensured that the mechanical property of weld；(8) the heat exchanger resistant material of the present invention has carried out second time Ni-P after appearance is aluminized again, the decay resistance of alloy material itself is added by two-layer coating, make final heat exchanger resistant material have prominent decay resistance, substantially prolongs the service life of heat exchanger；(9) owing to tubing to be carried out during second time Ni-P overlay coating annealing dehydrogenation and recrystallization annealing process, it is ensured that the intensity of coating, effectively prevent the peeling of coating.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment one
The process technique of the heat exchanger resistant material of the present embodiment, comprises the following specific steps that:
null(i): select alloy material as requested，Its each weight percentages of components is: C:0.01%，Al:0.78%,Zn:0.45%,Si:0.14%，Mn:0.48%，S :≤0.03%，P :≤0.03%，Cr:0.04%，Ni:0.23%，Cu:0.14%，V:0.03%，Mo:0.15%，Ti:0.36%，B:0.05%，Pd:0.02%,Pt:0.06%,W:0.32%,Ta:0.01%,Nd:0.02%,Ce:0.06%,Eu:0.02%,Lu:0.13%，Au:0.18%，Ag:0.42%，Ga:0.03%，Y:0.14%，Sn:0.25%，Zr:0.12%，Re:0.08%，Os:0.02%，Hf:0.02%，Bi:0.16%，Gd:0.05%，Pr:0.03%，Dy:0.07%，Ac:0.12%，Sm:0.11%，La:0.11%,Calcium oxide: 0.13%,Magnesia: 0.09%,Cupric oxide: 0.16%,Iron oxide: 0.15%,Manganese dioxide: 0.17%,Kocide SD: 0.11%,Iron hydroxide: 0.06%,Calcium hydroxide: 0.05%,Barium hydroxide: 0.07%,Calcium carbonate: 0.09%,Potassium nitrate: 0.13%,Magnesium chloride: 0.12%,Potassium chlorate: 0.06%，Barium sulfate: 0.15%，Copper sulphate: 0.13%，Surplus is Fe；
(ii): melting:
A, being put in smelting furnace by above-mentioned alloy material, the temperature in smelting furnace is brought up to 1480 DEG C, raw material is smelted formation alloy solution, is then sufficiently stirred for, and is incubated 3h at 1480 DEG C；
B, alloy solution obtained in the previous step is cooled down, during cooling, water-cooled is combined with air cooling, first using water-cooled, with the cooldown rate of 28 DEG C/s, alloy solution water-cooled to 550 DEG C is formed alloy, then air cooling is to 380 DEG C, then use water-cooled with the cooldown rate of 8 DEG C/s by alloy water-cooled to room temperature；
C, heating, the alloy after previous step being cooled down carries out secondary smelting in adding smelting furnace, the temperature in smelting furnace is brought up to 1580 DEG C, and alloy is formed alloy solution by secondary smelting；
(iii): be sufficiently stirred for when alloy liquid greenhouse cooling to 1240 DEG C, refining agent refining slagging-off 40min and is added at 1240 DEG C；
(iv): after slagging-off processes, alloy liquid temperature be down to 1170 DEG C and be incubated 30min, then furnace temperature being down to 1140 DEG C, at temperature 1140 DEG C, add refining agent, carry out refinery by de-gassing 20min with argon gas；
(v): alloy liquid temperature constant cast at 1100-1120 DEG C, carrying out the most successively extruding, sawing, align, roll. system, dish draw, rewinding, annealing and drawing process, and obtain tubing；
(vi): aforementioned tubes is welded, with argon shield weld seam front, weld root be in the welding region of more than 200 DEG C during welding, welding process carries out weld seam front protecting and back of weld protection；
The percentage by weight of selection solder chemical composition is: Zn:1.35%, Si:0.49%, Ge:0.22%, Mg:0.74%, Ti:0.37%, Cu:0.48%, C:0.12%, In:0.33%, Ga:0.21%, Al:1.12%, Mn:0.72%, Fe:0.62%, Cr:0.05%, Ni:0.68%, Zr:0.33%, V:0.12%, Mo:0.03%, Re:0.04%, Pt:0.16%, Bi:0.18%, Au:0.33%, W:0.51%, rare earth element: 1.23%, remaining is Sn；The chemical composition weight/mass percentage composition of its rare earth elements is: Lu:6%, Nd:14%, Ce:17%, Er:5%, Pr:8%, Pm:24%, and surplus is La；
(vii): aluminize:
A, aforementioned tubes are aluminized in aluminum pot, and temperature controls at 630 DEG C, and the time is 80 minutes, forms the aluminum layer of 100 μm on the surface of tubing；
B, tubing after aluminizing carry out cooling process, and holding furnace temperature is 100 DEG C, carries out being incubated and Slow cooling；
C, in salt pan eliminate residual stress, temperature 500 DEG C, the 8 hours time, it is achieved high annealing；
(viii): Ni-P for the second time:
A, tubing carrying out under normal temperature, condition of normal pressure the amorphous Ni-P Technology of Chemical Composite Plating with molybdate as additive, the component of coating and content is: nickel sulfate: 38g/L；Sodium dihydrogen phosphate: 17g/L；Sodium citrate: 28g/L；Ammonium acetate: 25g/L；Ammonium fluoride: 5g/L；Sodium molybdate: 9mg/L；Its pH value of plating solution including above component is 7；Its thickness of Amorphous Ni-P Alloy chemical composite plating with molybdate as additive is 80 μm；
B, tubing is carried out overlay coating annealing dehydrogenation and recrystallization annealing process prepare heat exchanger resistant material.
Embodiment two
nullThe process technique of the heat exchanger resistant material of the present embodiment is essentially identical with embodiment one，Difference is that each weight percentages of components is during step is (i): C:0.07%，Al:0.93%,Zn:0.55%,Si:0.24%，Mn:0.62%，S :≤0.03%，P :≤0.03%，Cr:0.07%，Ni:0.33%，Cu:0.21%，V:0.07%，Mo:0.18%，Ti:0.47%，B:0.07%，Pd:0.06%,Pt:0.08%,W:0.42%,Ta:0.02%,Nd:0.04%,Ce:0.07%,Eu:0.03%,Lu:0.17%，Au:0.24%，Ag:0.51%，Ga:0.04%，Y:0.16%，Sn:0.29%，Zr:0.14%，Re:0.12%，Os:0.04%，Hf:0.03%，Bi:0.21%，Gd:0.07%，Pr:0.04%，Dy:0.08%，Ac:0.17%，Sm:0.12%，La:0.13%,Calcium oxide: 0.15%,Magnesia: 0.13%,Cupric oxide: 0.26%,Iron oxide: 0.21%,Manganese dioxide: 0.24%,Kocide SD: 0.14%,Iron hydroxide: 0.12%,Calcium hydroxide: 0.11%,Barium hydroxide: 0.09%,Calcium carbonate: 0.08%,Potassium nitrate: 0.16%,Magnesium chloride: 0.15%,Potassium chlorate: 0.11%，Barium sulfate: 0.22%，Copper sulphate: 0.16%，Surplus is Fe.
The present invention is not limited to above-described embodiment.The technical scheme that all employing equivalents are formed, all falls within the protection domain of application claims.
Claims (10)
1. the process technique of a heat exchanger resistant material, it is characterised in that: comprise the following specific steps that:
null(i): select alloy material as requested，Its each weight percentages of components is: C:0.01-0.08%，Al:0.78-0.96%,Zn:0.43-0.56%,Si:0.13-0.27%，Mn:0.47-0.63%，S :≤0.03%，P :≤0.03%，Cr:0.03-0.08%，Ni:0.22-0.34%，Cu:0.12-0.23%，V:0.02-0.08%，Mo:0.14-0.19%，Ti:0.33-0.49%，B:0.05-0.08%，Pd:0.01-0.08%,Pt:0.06-0.09%,W:0.31-0.43%,Ta:0.01-0.02%,Nd:0.02-0.04%,Ce:0.05-0.08%,Eu:0.02-0.03%,Lu:0.12-0.18%，Au:0.17-0.26%，Ag:0.41-0.52%，Ga:0.03-0.05%，Y:0.13-0.18%，Sn:0.23-0.32%，Zr:0.12-0.15%，Re:0.08-0.13%，Os:0.02-0.05%，Hf:0.02-0.03%，Bi:0.15-0.23%，Gd:0.05-0.08%，Pr:0.03-0.05%，Dy:0.07-0.09%，Ac:0.12-0.18%，Sm:0.11-0.13%，La:0.11-0.13%,Calcium oxide: 0.12-0.16%,Magnesia: 0.09-0.15%,Cupric oxide: 0.15-0.28%,Iron oxide: 0.14-0.21%,Manganese dioxide: 0.16-0.24%,Kocide SD: 0.09-0.15%,Iron hydroxide: 0.05-0.14%,Calcium hydroxide: 0.04-0.13%,Barium hydroxide: 0.04-0.11%,Calcium carbonate: 0.06-0.11%,Potassium nitrate: 0.11-0.16%,Magnesium chloride: 0.12-0.16%,Potassium chlorate: 0.06-0.12%，Barium sulfate: 0.13-0.23%，Copper sulphate: 0.12-0.17%，Surplus is Fe；
(ii): melting:
A, being put in smelting furnace by above-mentioned alloy material, the temperature in smelting furnace is brought up to 1460 DEG C-1500 DEG C, raw material is smelted formation alloy solution, is then sufficiently stirred for, and is incubated 1-3h at 1460 DEG C-1500 DEG C；
B, alloy solution obtained in the previous step is cooled down, during cooling, water-cooled is combined with air cooling, first use water-cooled, with the cooldown rate of 25-28 DEG C/s, to 520-550 DEG C, alloy solution water-cooled is formed alloy, then air cooling is to 350-380 DEG C, then use water-cooled with the cooldown rate of 6-9 DEG C/s by alloy water-cooled to room temperature；
C, heating, the alloy after previous step being cooled down carries out secondary smelting in adding smelting furnace, the temperature in smelting furnace brings up to 1570 DEG C to 1600 DEG C, and alloy is formed alloy solution by secondary smelting；
(iii): be sufficiently stirred for when alloy liquid greenhouse cooling to 1230 DEG C-1250 DEG C, refining agent refining slagging-off 30min-40min and is added at 1230 DEG C-1250 DEG C；
(iv): after slagging-off processes, alloy liquid temperature be down to 1160-1170 DEG C and be incubated 20min-30min, then furnace temperature being down to 1130-1140 DEG C, at temperature 1130-1140 DEG C, add refining agent, carry out refinery by de-gassing 15min-20min with argon gas；
(v): alloy liquid temperature constant cast at 1100-1120 DEG C, carrying out the most successively extruding, sawing, align, roll. system, dish draw, rewinding, annealing and drawing process, and obtain tubing；
(vi): aforementioned tubes is welded, with argon shield weld seam front, weld root be in the welding region of more than 200 DEG C during welding, welding process carries out weld seam front protecting and back of weld protection；
nullThe percentage by weight of selection solder chemical composition is: Zn:1.23-1.56%，Si:0.45-0.59%，Ge:0.15-0.23%，Mg: 0.65-0.76%，Ti:0.31-0.43%，Cu:0.45-0.55%，C:0.05-0.14%，In:0.26-0.38%,Ga:0.11-0.23%，Al:0.82-1.16%，Mn:0.62-0.75%，Fe:0.55-0.64%，Cr:0.03-0.07%，Ni:0.65-0.75%，Zr:0.25-0.36%，V:0.07-0.13%，Mo:0.02-0.05%，Re:0.02-0.06%，Pt:0.12-0.18%，Bi:0.15-0.19%，Au:0.27-0.35%，W:0.44-0.52%，Rare earth element: 0.88-1.26%，Remaining is Sn；
(vii): aluminize:
A, aforementioned tubes are aluminized in aluminum pot, and temperature controls at 620-640 DEG C, and the time is 75-80 minute, form the aluminum layer of 95-105 μm on the surface of tubing；
B, tubing after aluminizing carry out cooling process, and holding furnace temperature is 100 DEG C, carries out being incubated and Slow cooling；
C, in salt pan eliminate residual stress, temperature 500 DEG C, the 8 hours time, it is achieved high annealing；
(viii): Ni-P for the second time:
A, tubing carrying out under normal temperature, condition of normal pressure the amorphous Ni-P Technology of Chemical Composite Plating with molybdate as additive, the component of coating and content is: nickel sulfate: 35～42g/L；Sodium dihydrogen phosphate: 15～18g/L；Sodium citrate: 24～32g/L；Ammonium acetate: 20～25g/L；Ammonium fluoride: 4～6g/L；Sodium molybdate: 7～12mg/L；Its pH value of plating solution including above component is 7～9；Described its thickness of Amorphous Ni-P Alloy chemical composite plating with molybdate as additive is 50～85 μm；
B, tubing is carried out overlay coating annealing dehydrogenation and recrystallization annealing process prepare heat exchanger resistant material.
nullThe process technique of heat exchanger resistant material the most according to claim 1,It is characterized in that: described step (i) in each weight percentages of components be: C:0.01%，Al:0.78%,Zn:0.45%,Si:0.14%，Mn:0.48%，S :≤0.03%，P :≤0.03%，Cr:0.04%，Ni:0.23%，Cu:0.14%，V:0.03%，Mo:0.15%，Ti:0.36%，B:0.05%，Pd:0.02%,Pt:0.06%,W:0.32%,Ta:0.01%,Nd:0.02%,Ce:0.06%,Eu:0.02%,Lu:0.13%，Au:0.18%，Ag:0.42%，Ga:0.03%，Y:0.14%，Sn:0.25%，Zr:0.12%，Re:0.08%，Os:0.02%，Hf:0.02%，Bi:0.16%，Gd:0.05%，Pr:0.03%，Dy:0.07%，Ac:0.12%，Sm:0.11%，La:0.11%,Calcium oxide: 0.13%,Magnesia: 0.09%,Cupric oxide: 0.16%,Iron oxide: 0.15%,Manganese dioxide: 0.17%,Kocide SD: 0.11%,Iron hydroxide: 0.06%,Calcium hydroxide: 0.05%,Barium hydroxide: 0.07%,Calcium carbonate: 0.09%,Potassium nitrate: 0.13%,Magnesium chloride: 0.12%,Potassium chlorate: 0.06%，Barium sulfate: 0.15%，Copper sulphate: 0.13%，Surplus is Fe.
nullThe process technique of heat exchanger resistant material the most according to claim 1,It is characterized in that: described step (i) in each weight percentages of components be: C:0.07%，Al:0.93%,Zn:0.55%,Si:0.24%，Mn:0.62%，S :≤0.03%，P :≤0.03%，Cr:0.07%，Ni:0.33%，Cu:0.21%，V:0.07%，Mo:0.18%，Ti:0.47%，B:0.07%，Pd:0.06%,Pt:0.08%,W:0.42%,Ta:0.02%,Nd:0.04%,Ce:0.07%,Eu:0.03%,Lu:0.17%，Au:0.24%，Ag:0.51%，Ga:0.04%，Y:0.16%，Sn:0.29%，Zr:0.14%，Re:0.12%，Os:0.04%，Hf:0.03%，Bi:0.21%，Gd:0.07%，Pr:0.04%，Dy:0.08%，Ac:0.17%，Sm:0.12%，La:0.13%,Calcium oxide: 0.15%,Magnesia: 0.13%,Cupric oxide: 0.26%,Iron oxide: 0.21%,Manganese dioxide: 0.24%,Kocide SD: 0.14%,Iron hydroxide: 0.12%,Calcium hydroxide: 0.11%,Barium hydroxide: 0.09%,Calcium carbonate: 0.08%,Potassium nitrate: 0.16%,Magnesium chloride: 0.15%,Potassium chlorate: 0.11%，Barium sulfate: 0.22%，Copper sulphate: 0.16%，Surplus is Fe.
4. according to the process technique of the heat exchanger resistant material described in Claims 2 or 3, it is characterised in that: described step (ii) in:
A, being put in smelting furnace by above-mentioned alloy material, the temperature in smelting furnace is brought up to 1480 DEG C, raw material is smelted formation alloy solution, is then sufficiently stirred for, and is incubated 3h at 1480 DEG C；
B, alloy solution obtained in the previous step is cooled down, during cooling, water-cooled is combined with air cooling, first using water-cooled, with the cooldown rate of 28 DEG C/s, alloy solution water-cooled to 550 DEG C is formed alloy, then air cooling is to 380 DEG C, then use water-cooled with the cooldown rate of 8 DEG C/s by alloy water-cooled to room temperature；
C, heating, the alloy after previous step being cooled down carries out secondary smelting in adding smelting furnace, the temperature in smelting furnace is brought up to 1580 DEG C, and alloy is formed alloy solution by secondary smelting.
The process technique of heat exchanger resistant material the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described step (iii) in: be sufficiently stirred for when alloy liquid greenhouse cooling to 1240 DEG C, and at 1240 DEG C add refining agent refining slagging-off 40min.
The process technique of heat exchanger resistant material the most according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described step (iv) in: slagging-off process after, alloy liquid temperature is down to 1170 DEG C and is incubated 30min, then furnace temperature is down to 1140 DEG C, at temperature 1140 DEG C, add refining agent, carry out refinery by de-gassing 20min with argon gas.
The process technique of heat exchanger resistant material the most according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described step (vi) in: the chemical composition weight/mass percentage composition of described rare earth element is: Lu:4-7%, Nd:12-15%, Ce:16-19%, Er:2-6%, Pr:5-11%, Pm:22-26%, surplus is La.
nullThe process technique of heat exchanger resistant material the most according to claim 7,It is characterized in that: described step (vi) in: select solder chemical composition percentage by weight be: Zn:1.35%，Si:0.49%，Ge:0.22%，Mg: 0.74%，Ti:0.37%，Cu:0.48%，C:0.12%，In:0.33%,Ga:0.21%，Al:1.12%，Mn:0.72%，Fe:0.62%，Cr:0.05%，Ni:0.68%，Zr:0.33%，V:0.12%，Mo:0.03%，Re:0.04%，Pt:0.16%，Bi:0.18%，Au:0.33%，W:0.51%，Rare earth element: 1.23%，Remaining is Sn；The chemical composition weight/mass percentage composition of its rare earth elements is: Lu:6%, Nd:14%, Ce:17%, Er:5%, Pr:8%, Pm:24%, and surplus is La.
The process technique of heat exchanger resistant material the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: described step (vii) in:
A, aforementioned tubes are aluminized in aluminum pot, and temperature controls at 630 DEG C, and the time is 80 minutes, forms the aluminum layer of 100 μm on the surface of tubing；
B, tubing after aluminizing carry out cooling process, and holding furnace temperature is 100 DEG C, carries out being incubated and Slow cooling；
C, in salt pan eliminate residual stress, temperature 500 DEG C, the 8 hours time, it is achieved high annealing.
The process technique of heat exchanger resistant material the most according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: described step (viii) in:
A, tubing carrying out under normal temperature, condition of normal pressure the amorphous Ni-P Technology of Chemical Composite Plating with molybdate as additive, the component of coating and content is: nickel sulfate: 38g/L；Sodium dihydrogen phosphate: 17g/L；Sodium citrate: 28g/L；Ammonium acetate: 25g/L；Ammonium fluoride: 5g/L；Sodium molybdate: 9mg/L；Its pH value of plating solution including above component is 7；Described its thickness of Amorphous Ni-P Alloy chemical composite plating with molybdate as additive is 80 μm；
B, tubing is carried out overlay coating annealing dehydrogenation and recrystallization annealing process prepare heat exchanger resistant material.
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