CN1057506A - 能够减少二次损失的冲动式涡轮机级 - Google Patents

能够减少二次损失的冲动式涡轮机级 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1057506A
CN1057506A CN91103783A CN91103783A CN1057506A CN 1057506 A CN1057506 A CN 1057506A CN 91103783 A CN91103783 A CN 91103783A CN 91103783 A CN91103783 A CN 91103783A CN 1057506 A CN1057506 A CN 1057506A
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Prior art keywords
impeller
leaf grating
dividing plate
turbine
conduit
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CN91103783A
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弗朗科斯·迪坦恩
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Alstom Holdings SA
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GEC Alsthom SA
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Publication of CN1057506A publication Critical patent/CN1057506A/zh
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D1/00—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines
    • F01D1/02—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines with stationary working-fluid guiding means and bladed or like rotor, e.g. multi-bladed impulse steam turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/001—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between stator blade and rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/14—Form or construction
    • F01D5/141—Shape, i.e. outer, aerodynamic form
    • F01D5/145—Means for influencing boundary layers or secondary circulations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S415/00—Rotary kinetic fluid motors or pumps
    • Y10S415/914—Device to control boundary layer

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

冲动式涡轮机级，它包括与涡轮机定子(3)联接 的静叶(2)的叶栅(1)，叶栅固定在隔板(4)上，且位于 动叶(8)的叶栅(7)之前，叶栅(7)是装在与涡轮机转 子(6)相联的叶轮(9)上的，其特征是，所述的叶轮(9) 上装有平行于转子轴线的横向导管(12)，并在隔板 (40)和叶轮(9)之间的空间内的导管(12)的前端处有 一勺形部分(15)，以使流体流入导管(12)中。

Description

本发明涉及冲动式涡轮机级，它包括同涡轮机定于相连的静叶叶栅，该涡轮机定子支撑隔板，所述隔板位于动叶叶栅之前，该动叶叶栅装在叶轮上与涡轮转子相连。
一般来说，流入静叶叶栅和动叶叶栅的泄漏流体再次注入到动叶的根部。泄漏流体的再次加入扰乱了原本在叶片根部已经很紊乱的流体，尤其对短的叶片就更是如此，产生二次损失，降低了效率值。
1985年4月11日公开的日本专利文件JA-B-1461/85中披露了一种冲动式涡轮机级，其中转动叶轮上装有与转子轴线平行的横向导管。
但是这一解决方案不适用于那些支撑动叶叶轮的两个表面间不存在压差的冲动式涡轮机。
本发明的冲动式涡轮机级能够减少泄漏流体的再次注入，并增加效率，其特征是，在所述的叶轮上安装平行于转子轴线的横向导管，并且在隔板和叶轮之间的空间内的导管前端设有沿转动方向侧向开启的勺形部分，以使流体流入导管中。
参照如下的附图可以清楚地说明本发明，其中：
图1表示现有技术的冲动式涡轮机级。
图2表示本发明的涡轮机级。
图3是图2中的圆筒形的局部剖视图。
图4是图3中的径向的局部剖视图。
参见图1，现有的冲动式涡轮机级包括一个联在定子3上的静叶2的叶栅1。叶栅1固定在一个隔板4上，隔板上装有对涡轮机转子6进行密封的密封件5。
叶栅1位于由转子6联接的叶轮9支撑的动叶8的叶栅7的前面。
隔板4的上游处的泄漏流体10通过密封件5流出，沿着动叶8的根部喷出流体11。该流体11扰乱了主流体，且因此而使效率降低。展弦比小的叶片8对效率的这种降低就更加敏感（展弦比是叶片高与叶片弦之比）。
参见图2，在本发明的涡轮机级中，与现有的涡轮机相同的部分由相同的标号标出。
叶轮9上装有横向导管12，该导管与转子的轴线等距离且平行地安装，其间距离为R，导管设有空心衬套13，衬套与叶轮的下游表面对齐，但超出叶轮的上游表面。
超出叶轮上游表面的管底14部分和空心管13的部分圆筒是沿着涡轮机的一个轴向平面的收起的，以便在每个导管上设置一个勺形部分15。沿转动方向侧向开启的勺形部分15设置在隔板4和叶轮9之间的空间内的导管12的前端，以使流体流入导管12。该勺形部分15由固定在导管12的空心衬套13的端部和管底14的一部分以及穿过叶轮9的部分圆筒构成，其沿着涡轮机轴向平面收起。
勺形部分15的开口16设置在叶轮9如图3箭头所指的转动方向上，回收增压的能量，该能量相应于经过叶轮9的泄漏速度值为1/2ρ（v-μ）2，其中：
v是流入隔板和叶轮的流体速度，
μ＝Rω是在导管高度上的叶轮速度，ω是叶轮的角速度、
ρ是蒸汽的密度。
增压作用使流体在导管12内从叶轮的上游面运动到其下游面。
在隔板4上对着勺形部分15处所开的圆周槽17，能够增加勺形部分15的使用效果。
在支撑动叶8的叶轮9的高度处和隔板4相应的部分之间的靠近叶片2，8的根部处的密封装置18能再一次减少动叶叶栅中的部分第二种漏泄的注入造成的损失。该密封件还能够将来自静叶叶栅2的高速度（速度为μ到2μ之间）与速度为0.4μ数量级的泄漏流体分开。类似的泄漏流体由叶轮9和隔板4之间的勺形部分15的进口抽吸。勺形部分15的作用又进一步得以提高。
从导管12流出的流体流到下一级隔板的密封件，一般来说，相似部分的总流量与导管12出口处流量19是相等的。

Claims (4)

1、冲动式涡轮机级，它包括与涡轮机定子(3)相联的静叶(2)的叶栅(1)，叶栅固定到隔板(4)上，且位于动叶(8)的叶栅(7)之前，叶栅(7)是装在与涡轮机转子(6)相联的叶轮(9)上的，其特征在于，所述的叶轮(9)上装有平行于转子(6)轴线的横向导管(12)，并且在隔板(4)和叶轮(9)之间的空间内的导管(12)的前端设有沿转动方向侧向开启的勺形部分(15)，以使流体流入导管(12)中。
2、如权利要求1所述的冲动式涡轮机级，其特征在于，所述的勺形部分（15）由固定在导管（12）的空心衬套（13）的端部和管底（14）的一部分以及穿边叶轮9的部分圆筒构成，其沿着涡轮机轴向平面收起。
3、如权利要求1或2所述的冲动式涡轮机级，其特征是，在静叶（2）叶栅（1）的隔板（4）上与勺形部分（15）相对的位置上开有一个圆周槽。
4、如权利要求1或2或3所述的冲动式涡轮机级，其特征是，在静叶（2）叶栅（1）的隔板（4）和动叶（8）叶栅（7）的叶轮上的靠近叶片（2、8）的根部处，装有密封装置（18）。
CN91103783A 1990-05-14 1991-05-14 能够减少二次损失的冲动式涡轮机级 Pending CN1057506A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9005992 1990-05-14
FR909005992A FR2661946B1 (fr) 1990-05-14 1990-05-14 Etage de turbine a action avec pertes secondaires reduites.

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CN1057506A true CN1057506A (zh) 1992-01-01

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US (1) US5125794A (zh)
EP (1) EP0457241B1 (zh)
JP (1) JPH04228803A (zh)
CN (1) CN1057506A (zh)
AT (1) ATE115234T1 (zh)
CS (1) CS139491A3 (zh)
DE (1) DE69105613T2 (zh)
FR (1) FR2661946B1 (zh)
MX (1) MX166760B (zh)
ZA (1) ZA913636B (zh)

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100383364C (zh) * 2002-10-31 2008-04-23 通用电气公司 涡轮机的流道密封和流线化结构

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EP1167695A1 (de) * 2000-06-21 2002-01-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Gasturbine und Gasturbinenleitschaufel
GB0319002D0 (en) 2003-05-13 2003-09-17 Alstom Switzerland Ltd Improvements in or relating to steam turbines
US8047767B2 (en) * 2005-09-28 2011-11-01 General Electric Company High pressure first stage turbine and seal assembly
GB2440344A (en) 2006-07-26 2008-01-30 Christopher Freeman Impulse turbine design
WO2012052740A1 (en) * 2010-10-18 2012-04-26 University Of Durham Sealing device for reducing fluid leakage in turbine apparatus
IT1403416B1 (it) * 2010-12-21 2013-10-17 Avio Spa Rotore palettato di una turbina a gas per motori aeronautici e metodo per il raffreddamento di detto rotore palettato
DE102011121634B4 (de) * 2010-12-27 2019-08-14 Ansaldo Energia Ip Uk Limited Turbinenschaufel
EP2520764A1 (de) * 2011-05-02 2012-11-07 MTU Aero Engines GmbH Schaufel mit gekühltem Schaufelfuss
US9702261B2 (en) * 2013-12-06 2017-07-11 General Electric Company Steam turbine and methods of assembling the same
JP7202259B2 (ja) * 2019-05-31 2023-01-11 三菱重工業株式会社 蒸気タービン

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100383364C (zh) * 2002-10-31 2008-04-23 通用电气公司 涡轮机的流道密封和流线化结构

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DE69105613D1 (de) 1995-01-19
ATE115234T1 (de) 1994-12-15
US5125794A (en) 1992-06-30
ZA913636B (en) 1992-02-26
FR2661946A1 (fr) 1991-11-15
EP0457241B1 (fr) 1994-12-07
DE69105613T2 (de) 1995-04-27
FR2661946B1 (fr) 1994-06-10
JPH04228803A (ja) 1992-08-18
EP0457241A1 (fr) 1991-11-21
CS139491A3 (en) 1992-01-15
MX166760B (es) 1993-02-02

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