A kind of multilamellar polylactic acid compound intercepts high-strength membrane
Technical field
The preparation method that the present invention relates to a kind of film, the preparation method particularly relating to a kind of polylactic acid environmental protection composite membrane with excellent in strength, excellent barrier.
Background technology
Although plastic material has more excellent performance and wide applicability; but it derives from oil product and cannot degrade; in today that crisis of resource and environmental pollution are serious all the more, find function admirable and reproducible substitution material then becomes the most important thing that current Material Field is studied.
At present, film consumption is increasing, although and widely used plastic foil such as PE film, PP film, PET film etc. have good mechanical property, and prepare simple and easy, but cannot degrade, cause serious white pollution.
In degradation material, starch is furtherd investigate because of its cheap price and originating widely and is prepared for multiple life and industrial goods by modified with compound, such as starch basement membrane, starch dishware etc..But starch has the defect that it is natural, its poor mechanical property, unstable properties, the field that mechanical property requirements is low can only be applied to.And the appearance of polylactic acid changes this present situation.Polylactic acid (PLA) is aliphatic polyester, with lactic acid (2 hydroxy propanoic acid) for basic structural unit.PLA can pass through the natural materials such as fermented maize and prepare, it is possible to adopt lactic acid polycondensation to prepare.PLA and end product thereof can become CO in natural decomposition under composting conditions2And water, reduce solid waste discharge amount, be the biogenic material of a kind of environmental protection.Although polylactic acid has good biodegradability, machinability, excellent mechanical property, but its property is crisp frangible, lacks flexibility and pliability, largely limits the application of polylactic acid membrane.
For needing with regard to film, except mechanical property is had higher requirements, also proposed functional requirement at some special dimension, as needed waterproof at food and medicine packaging field, trapping, antibacterial, antirust etc., simple degradation material film is difficulty with functionalization.The multifunctional membrane adopting multi-layer co-extruded mode processability excellent is a kind of means common in field of film preparation, a kind of medical multilayer co-extrusion film manufacturing method as disclosed in CN104191584A, by the compound of interior sealing, core layer and heat-resistant layer, provide good mechanics and heat resistance for film.CN103481616A discloses a kind of antistatic PP TYPE and preparation method thereof, and this composite membrane adopts the melted co-extrusion film forming of the multiple organic collocation of obstruct anti-static material to make composite membrane be provided with excellent intensity and intercept antistatic behaviour.
By the mode that multilamellar coordinates, in conjunction with the characteristic superposition of different layers, realize including better intensity, toughness or other functional as a kind of beyond doubt in elasticity, barrier, anti-flammability etc. very simply method of practicality.In the present invention, by the collocation of the functional polylactic acid membrane of multilamellar, realize film-strength and the barrier of excellence.
Summary of the invention
The invention aims to monolayer polylactic acid membrane intensity difference and the defect of barrier cannot be realized, it is provided that the preparation method of a kind of composite membrane with excellent in strength and barrier.
It is an object of the invention to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of multilamellar polylactic acid compound intercepts high-strength membrane, MULTILAYER COMPOSITE obtain, and including the polylactic acid hydrophobic film layer of outer layer, intermediate layer polylactic acid intercepts rete, bottom polylactic acid strengthens rete.Being further characterized in that: the polylactic acid hydrophobic film layer of outer layer and intermediate layer polylactic acid intercept rete, intermediate layer polylactic acid intercepts and is equipped with PUR rete between rete and bottom polylactic acid enhancing rete.
Further, described polylactic acid hydrophobic film layer is with polylactic acid, polylactic acid graft glycidyl methacrylate, POSS modifier, enhancing thing for primary raw material, adds a small amount of auxiliary agent and includes antioxidant, waterproofing agent, anti ultraviolet agent film forming;Wherein, in major ingredient, the mass fraction of polylactic acid is between 40%-80%, the mass fraction of polylactic acid graft glycidyl methacrylate is between 8%-15%, the mass fraction of POSS modifier is between 2%-5%, strengthen the mass fraction of thing between 8%-25%, auxiliary agent antioxidant, waterproofing agent, anti ultraviolet agent consumption be all between the 2-4% of polylactic acid quality.
Further, described POSS modifier is eight arms (3-hydroxy-3-methyl Butyldimethyl siloxy group) POSS, English by name: Octa (3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyldimethylsiloxy) POSS, POSS is a kind of silica structure with octahedra cage structure, and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) exists 8 group R that can be modified on the corner of cage structure.In the present invention, R group is 3-hydroxyl-3 methyl butyl dimethyl siloxane, and its molecular structural formula is as follows:
Further, described polylactic acid graft glycidyl methacrylate is access glycidyl methacrylate segment on polylactic acid surface.Cut-in method can adopt melted access method, namely with polylactic acid and glycidyl methacrylate for raw material, with dibenzoyl peroxide for catalyst, double screw extruder is added after blended, the fusion-grafting copolymerization of 210 DEG C of extrusions, grafting degree is between 0.8%-2%, it is preferred that grafting degree is between 1.2%-1.8%.After grafting, this material has good toughness and the compatibility excellent with polylactic acid, can be effectively improved the toughness of polylactic acid, and composite has toughness and the notched-impact resistance of excellence.
Further, described enhancing thing is one or more in vistanex, and typically, vistanex is polyvinyl resin, linear low density polyethylene resin, polystyrene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer etc..
Further, it is with polylactic acid, Graphene graft, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer resin for primary raw material that described polylactic acid intercepts rete, add a small amount of auxiliary agent and include antioxidant, waterproofing agent, anti ultraviolet agent film forming, wherein, in major ingredient, the mass fraction of polylactic acid is between 40%-80%, the mass fraction of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer resin is between 20%-40%, the mass fraction of Graphene graft between 2.5%-4%, auxiliary agent antioxidant, waterproofing agent, anti ultraviolet agent consumption be all between the 2-4% of polylactic acid quality.
Described Graphene graft is Graphene grafting polyisoprene, its typical preparation method is: prepare the polyisoprene of acid anhydride end-blocking, namely by controlling n-BuLi rate of charge different from monomer thus preparing the polyisoprene of different molecular weight in the building-up process of polyisoprene, adding acid anhydride molecule when same anhydrous and oxygen-free and polyisoprene chain is terminated;Thereafter, the polyisoprene chain that Graphene and acid anhydride terminate in solution environmental carries out the Non-covalent binding of pi-pi bond accumulation, thus the Graphene grafting polyisoprene that preparation is required.Wherein, the grafting degree (adopting mass ratio to calculate) of polyisoprene is between 0.5%-1.2%.This Graphene graft also can synthesize by other living polymerization modes.
A kind of multilamellar polylactic acid composite barrier film as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: it is with polylactic acid that described polylactic acid strengthens rete, polycaprolactone, nanometer strengthen thing, polylactic acid grafted maleic anhydride is primary raw material, add a small amount of auxiliary agent and include antioxidant, waterproofing agent, anti ultraviolet agent film forming, wherein, in major ingredient, the mass fraction of polylactic acid is between 30%-60%, the mass fraction of polycaprolactone is between 30%-60%, nanometer strengthen thing mass fraction between 2.5%-4%, the mass fraction of polylactic acid grafted maleic anhydride is between 10-20%, auxiliary agent antioxidant, waterproofing agent, the consumption of anti ultraviolet agent is all between the 2-4% of polylactic acid quality.Wherein, described nanometer strengthens thing can be any one in nano imvite, nano titanium oxide, nano-cellulose.
Further, the polylactic acid that each layer of heretofore described composite membrane adopts is Pfansteihl, D-ALPHA-Hydroxypropionic acid or L, D-ALPHA-Hydroxypropionic acid compositions, and molecular weight the best of this polylactic acid is 300000-500000g/mol, it is 150000-300000g/mol again, is 80000-150000g/mol again.
Further, described PUR rete is EVA hot-melt adhesive.
Further, polylactic acid of the present invention obstruct rete, polylactic acid hydrophobic film layer, polylactic acid enhancing rete are adhesively fixed with PUR after all adopting independent extrusion molding.
Further, the thickness of described polylactic acid hydrophobic membrane is between 0.2-0.5mm, and polylactic acid intercepts the thickness of rete between 0.3-0.6mm, and the thickness of polylactic acid elastica is between 0.2-0.5mm, and the thickness of EVA hot-melt adhesive rete is between 0.1-0.3mm.
This beneficial effect of the invention is in that, the problem that the compound of three layers polymeric lactic acid compound film layer solves intensity and functionalization, the polylactic acid hydrophobic film layer on upper strata biases toward the obstruct of hydrophobic effect and steam, the addition of POSS can make surface hydrophobic be greatly improved, water contact angle reaches more than 110 °, the polylactic acid hydrophobic film layer in middle level forms network due to graphene sheet layer, coordinate the barrier of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, this film is made to have good barrier properties for gases, simultaneously, the existence of reinforcing membrane enhances this compound film strength, and introduce hot melt adhesive layer on the one hand owing to EVA is lower than the fusing point of each tunic of polylactic acid, Pressurized-heated can be adopted to fix each layer, it is also beneficial to compound film strength on the other hand.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the cross section structure schematic diagram of embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the cross section structure schematic diagram of embodiment 2.
Detailed description of the invention
The illustrative embodiment of the present invention described in detail below.But these implementations are only exemplary purpose, and the invention is not restricted to this.
Embodiment 1
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of multilamellar polylactic acid compound intercepts high-strength membrane, MULTILAYER COMPOSITE obtain, and including the polylactic acid hydrophobic film layer 1 of outer layer, intermediate layer polylactic acid intercepts rete 3, bottom polylactic acid strengthens rete 5.Being further characterized in that: the polylactic acid hydrophobic film layer of outer layer and intermediate layer polylactic acid intercept and be equipped with EVA hot-melt adhesive rete 2 between rete, intermediate layer polylactic acid intercepts and is equipped with EVA hot-melt adhesive rete 4 between rete and bottom polylactic acid enhancing rete.
The thickness of described polylactic acid hydrophobic film layer 1 is 0.4mm, and it is 0.5mm that polylactic acid intercepts the thickness of rete 3, and it is 0.35mm that polylactic acid strengthens the thickness of rete 5, and the thickness of EVA hot-melt adhesive rete 2,4 is 0.2mm.
Described polylactic acid hydrophobic film layer 1 is for polylactic acid, polylactic acid graft glycidyl methacrylate, (3-hydroxy-3-methyl Butyldimethyl siloxy group) POSS, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer for primary raw material, adding a small amount of auxiliary agent and include antioxidant, waterproofing agent, anti ultraviolet agent film forming;Wherein, in major ingredient, the mass fraction of polylactic acid is 65%, the mass fraction of polylactic acid graft glycidyl methacrylate is 12%, the mass fraction of (3-hydroxy-3-methyl Butyldimethyl siloxy group) POSS is 4%, the mass fraction of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is 19%, auxiliary agent antioxidant, waterproofing agent, anti ultraviolet agent consumption be all the 3% of polylactic acid quality.
It is with polylactic acid, Graphene grafting polyisoprene, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer resin for primary raw material that described polylactic acid intercepts rete 3, add a small amount of auxiliary agent and include antioxidant, waterproofing agent, anti ultraviolet agent film forming, wherein, in major ingredient, the mass fraction of polylactic acid is 60%, the mass fraction of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer resin is between 37%, and the mass fraction of Graphene graft is 3%, auxiliary agent antioxidant, waterproofing agent, anti ultraviolet agent, film former consumption be all the 3% of polylactic acid quality.
It is with polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, nano imvite, polylactic acid grafted maleic anhydride for primary raw material that described polylactic acid strengthens rete 5, add a small amount of auxiliary agent and include antioxidant, waterproofing agent, anti ultraviolet agent film forming, wherein, in major ingredient, the mass fraction of polylactic acid is 45%, the mass fraction of polycaprolactone is 40%, the mass fraction of nano imvite is 3%, the mass fraction of polylactic acid grafted maleic anhydride is 12%, auxiliary agent antioxidant, waterproofing agent, anti ultraviolet agent, film former consumption be all the 3% of polylactic acid quality.
Embodiment 2
With reference to Fig. 2, a kind of multilamellar polylactic acid compound intercepts high-strength membrane, MULTILAYER COMPOSITE obtain, and including the polylactic acid hydrophobic film layer 1 ' of outer layer, intermediate layer polylactic acid intercepts rete 3 ', bottom polylactic acid strengthens rete 5 '.Being further characterized in that: the polylactic acid hydrophobic film layer of outer layer and intermediate layer polylactic acid intercept and be equipped with EVA hot-melt adhesive rete 2 ' between rete, intermediate layer polylactic acid intercepts and is equipped with EVA hot-melt adhesive rete 4 between rete and bottom polylactic acid enhancing rete.
The thickness of described polylactic acid hydrophobic film layer 1 ' is 0.35mm, and it is 0.55mm that polylactic acid intercepts the thickness of rete 3 ', and it is 0.3mm that polylactic acid strengthens the thickness of rete 5 ', and the thickness of EVA hot-melt adhesive rete 2 ', 4 ' is 0.15mm.
Described polylactic acid hydrophobic film layer 1 ' is for polylactic acid, polylactic acid graft glycidyl methacrylate, (3-hydroxy-3-methyl Butyldimethyl siloxy group) POSS, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer for primary raw material, adding a small amount of auxiliary agent and include antioxidant, waterproofing agent, anti ultraviolet agent film forming;Wherein, in major ingredient, the mass fraction of polylactic acid is 62%, the mass fraction of polylactic acid graft glycidyl methacrylate is 12%, the mass fraction of (3-hydroxy-3-methyl Butyldimethyl siloxy group) POSS is 4%, the mass fraction of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is 22%, auxiliary agent antioxidant, waterproofing agent, anti ultraviolet agent consumption be all the 3% of polylactic acid quality.
It is with polylactic acid, Graphene grafting polyisoprene, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer resin for primary raw material that described polylactic acid intercepts rete 3 ', add a small amount of auxiliary agent and include antioxidant, waterproofing agent, anti ultraviolet agent film forming, wherein, in major ingredient, the mass fraction of polylactic acid is 70%, the mass fraction of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer resin is between 27%, and the mass fraction of Graphene graft is 3%, auxiliary agent antioxidant, waterproofing agent, anti ultraviolet agent, film former consumption be all the 3% of polylactic acid quality.
It is with polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, nano titanium oxide, polylactic acid grafted maleic anhydride for primary raw material that described polylactic acid strengthens rete 5 ', add a small amount of auxiliary agent and include antioxidant, waterproofing agent, anti ultraviolet agent film forming, wherein, in major ingredient, the mass fraction of polylactic acid is 50%, the mass fraction of polycaprolactone is 36%, the mass fraction of nano imvite is 3%, the mass fraction of polylactic acid grafted maleic anhydride is 11%, auxiliary agent antioxidant, waterproofing agent, anti ultraviolet agent, film former consumption be all the 3% of polylactic acid quality.
Embodiment 2 relatively embodiment 1 more strengthens the thickness of middle polylactic acid hydrophobic film layer, is conducive to the raising of composite membrane barrier, and its intensity is substantially similar, and the two concrete data of embodiment are as follows: