CN105728729A - Metal/ceramic powder molding method - Google Patents

Metal/ceramic powder molding method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105728729A
CN105728729A CN201610143756.0A CN201610143756A CN105728729A CN 105728729 A CN105728729 A CN 105728729A CN 201610143756 A CN201610143756 A CN 201610143756A CN 105728729 A CN105728729 A CN 105728729A
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Prior art keywords
metal
blank
forming method
ceramic
ceramic powder
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CN201610143756.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李宏书
罗建旭
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SHENZHEN SOONGON TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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SHENZHEN SOONGON TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201610143756.0A priority Critical patent/CN105728729A/en
Publication of CN105728729A publication Critical patent/CN105728729A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/22—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip
    • B22F3/227—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip by organic binder assisted extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/22—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip
    • B22F3/225—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip by injection molding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/001—Rapid manufacturing of 3D objects by additive depositing, agglomerating or laminating of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/008—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material made from two or more materials having different characteristics or properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
    • C04B35/632—Organic additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
    • C04B35/632—Organic additives
    • C04B35/634—Polymers
    • C04B35/63404—Polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C04B35/63408—Polyalkenes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
    • C04B35/632—Organic additives
    • C04B35/634—Polymers
    • C04B35/63404—Polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C04B35/63416—Polyvinylalcohols [PVA]; Polyvinylacetates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
    • C04B35/632—Organic additives
    • C04B35/634—Polymers
    • C04B35/63448—Polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C04B35/63472—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
    • C04B35/638—Removal thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/64—Burning or sintering processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
    • C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a metal/ceramic powder molding method. The metal/ceramic powder molding method includes the following steps that a thermoplastic bonding agent and metal powder or ceramic powder are mixed, and a printing material for fusing a sedimentary type 3D printer is obtained through extrusion molding. According to the metal/ceramic powder molding method, the thermoplastic bonding agent and the metal powder or the ceramic powder are mixed, and the printing material is obtained through extrusion molding; and when the printing material is used for fusing the sedimentary type 3D printer, a product containing metal or ceramic can be printed and molded through the sedimentary type 3D printer, and therefore the limitation that the sedimentary type 3D printer can only be used for printing and molding plastic products is avoided.

Description

Metal/ceramic powder forming method
Technical field
The present invention relates to forming technique field, particularly relate to a kind of metal/ceramic powder forming method.
Background technology
Existing fusion sediment type 3D printer generally uses PLA (polylacticacid, polylactic acid) or ABS (AcrylonitrilebutadieneStyrenecopolymers, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer) printed material of material carries out 3D printing, and then fusion sediment type 3D printer can only printing shaping plastic, cannot the goods of other materials of printing shaping, cause that its application is restricted.
Summary of the invention
A kind of metal/ceramic powder forming method of offer is provided, it is intended to the preparation printed material containing metal or pottery and increase the kind of the material of existing fusion sediment type 3D printer moulded products.
For achieving the above object, metal/ceramic powder forming method provided by the invention, comprise the following steps that
Thermoplastic adhesive is mixed with metal dust or ceramic powders, and extrusion molding is for the printed material of fusion sediment type 3D printer.
Preferably, described metal/ceramic powder forming method also comprises the following steps that
Fusion sediment type 3D printer adds described printed material printing shaping blank.
Preferably, described metal/ceramic powder forming method also comprises the following steps that
Blank described in ungrease treatment, to remove the described thermoplastic adhesive of part；
Blank after sintering ungrease treatment.
Preferably, described thermoplastic adhesive is mixed with metal dust or ceramic powders, and extrusion molding is for the step of the printed material of fusion sediment type 3D printer, including:
Thermoplastic adhesive is added in extruder with metal dust or ceramic powders, and the printed material of extrusion molding wire；
Described printed material pitch of the laps is arranged by Winder.
Preferably, described metal dust is 0.088～0.09:1 with the mass ratio of described printed material；Or,
The mass ratio of described ceramic powders and described printed material is 0.14～0.15:1.
Preferably, described metal dust comprises at least one in powder of stainless steel, copper powder, aluminium powder, tungsten powder, nikel powder and chromium powder.
Preferably, described ceramic powders comprises at least one in zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide, silicon nitride, aluminium nitride and carborundum.
Preferably, described thermoplastic adhesive includes polyformaldehyde, polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and stearic acid.
Preferably, the step of blank described in described ungrease treatment, including:
It is placed in the nitric acid vapor of 110～140 DEG C by described blank defat 2～10 hours；Or,
It is placed in the organic solvent of 40～50 DEG C by described blank defat 3～20 hours.
Preferably, the step of the blank after described sintering ungrease treatment, including:
The blank of metal material is inserted in the sintering furnace of vacuum, hydrogen atmosphere or argon gas atmosphere, and in 5～8 hours, be warming up to 1300～1400 DEG C, and be incubated 1～3 hour；Or,
The blank of ceramic material is inserted in the sintering furnace of air atmosphere, and in 5～8 hours, be warming up to 1350～1500 DEG C, and be incubated 1～3 hour.
Technical solution of the present invention, by thermoplastic adhesive is mixed with metal dust or ceramic powders, and extrusion molding printed material, when this printed material is applied to fusion sediment type 3D printer, this fusion sediment type 3D printer can contain the goods of metal or pottery by printing shaping, it is to avoid fusion sediment type 3D printer can only the limitation of printing shaping plastic.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art will be briefly described below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the premise not paying creative work, it is also possible to the structure according to these accompanying drawings obtains other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the process chart of metal/ceramic powder forming method one embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the 3D printer used in metal/ceramic powder forming method in Fig. 1.
Drawing reference numeral illustrates:
Label Title Label Title
2 3D printer 20 Casing
22 Feed arrangement 24 Material-spraying device
26 Marker's station
The realization of the object of the invention, functional characteristics and advantage will in conjunction with the embodiments, are described further with reference to accompanying drawing.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art obtain under not making creative work premise, broadly fall into the scope of protection of the invention.
Need explanation, directional instruction in the embodiment of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, before and after ...) is only for explaining relative position relation between each parts, motion conditions etc. under a certain particular pose (as shown in drawings), if this particular pose changes, then directionality instruction also correspondingly changes therewith.
It addition, in the present invention such as relating to the description of " first ", " second " etc. only for descriptive purposes, and it is not intended that instruction or imply its relative importance or the implicit quantity indicating indicated technical characteristic.Thus, define " first ", the feature of " second " can express or implicitly include at least one this feature.Additionally; technical scheme between each embodiment can be combined with each other; but must be based on those of ordinary skill in the art are capable of; when technical scheme combination occur conflicting maybe cannot realize time will be understood that the combination of this technical scheme is absent from, also not within the protection domain of application claims.
The present invention provides a kind of metal/ceramic powder forming method.
Refer to the process chart that Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, Fig. 1 are metal/ceramic powder forming method one embodiment of the present invention；Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the 3D printer used in metal/ceramic powder forming method in Fig. 1.
In embodiments of the present invention, this metal/ceramic powder forming method comprises the following steps that
S1, thermoplastic adhesive is mixed with metal dust or ceramic powders, and extrusion molding is for the printed material of fusion sediment type 3D printer.
The metal/ceramic powder forming method of the present embodiment is by mixing thermoplastic adhesive with metal dust or ceramic powders, and extrusion molding printed material, when this printed material is applied to fusion sediment type 3D printer, this fusion sediment type 3D printer can contain the goods of metal or pottery by printing shaping, it is to avoid fusion sediment type 3D printer can only the limitation of printing shaping plastic.
In the present embodiment, further, this metal/ceramic powder forming method also comprises the following steps that
S2, in fusion sediment type 3D printer 2, add printed material, and printing shaping blank.
Printed material is added in fusion sediment type 3D printer 2 by the present embodiment metal/ceramic powder forming method, and by fusion sediment type 3D printer 2, printed material is printed as blank, this manufacturing process is compared to existing powder nearly forming technique only, it is not necessary to uses mould, reduces shaping cost；And compared to the PIM (Powderinjectionmolding of powder nearly forming technique only, powder injection-molded) technology requires that powder particle is little, powder average particle size 1～10um, spherical powder, powder stock cost is high, but, the manufacturing process of the present embodiment is low to the requirement of printed material, reduces material cost；PEM (PowderExtrusionMolding compared to powder nearly forming technique only, powder extrusion forming) shape of part mainly producing long and thin goods and cause PEM technology to shape in technology is limited, but, the shape of the manufacturing process molding blank of the present embodiment is unrestricted, it is possible to shape variously-shaped product.
In the present embodiment, further, this metal/ceramic powder forming method also comprises the following steps that
S3, ungrease treatment blank, to remove part thermoplastic's binding agent；
Blank after S4, sintering ungrease treatment.
This metal/ceramic powder forming method processes blank further by degreasing process and sintering process, and prepares final products, improves the combination property of product.
In the present embodiment, further, this step S1 specifically includes:
Thermoplastic adhesive is added in extruder with metal dust or ceramic powders, and the printed material of extrusion molding wire；
Described printed material pitch of the laps is arranged by Winder.
By the printed material of extruder for shaping wire, improve the production efficiency of printed material；Adopting Winder that printed material is wound lopping simultaneously, facilitate storage print material, reduction takes up room.It should be noted that extruder and Winder are well known to the skilled person, do not repeat at this.
Wherein, in this step S1, the mass ratio of described metal dust and printed material is 0.088～0.09:1, and namely the quality of metal dust accounts for the 8.8%～9% of the quality of printed material.The mass ratio of described ceramic powders and printed material is 0.14～0.15:1, and namely the quality of ceramic powders accounts for the 14～15% of the quality of printed material.
Wherein, metal dust can be at least one in stainless steel powder, copper powder, aluminium powder, tungsten powder, nikel powder and chromium powder, it is preferable that metal dust comprises 361L powder of stainless steel and 17-4PH powder of stainless steel.
Wherein, this ceramic powders can be oxide ceramic powder, for instance zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide etc.；Nitride ceramics, for instance silicon nitride, aluminium nitride etc.；Carbide ceramics, for instance silicon carbide ceramics etc..This ceramic powders can also be the mixture of above-mentioned various ceramic powders.Preferably, ceramic powders comprises Zirconium oxide powder.
Wherein, thermoplastic adhesive comprises polyformaldehyde, polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and stearic acid.This thermoplastic adhesive can bond vitrified metal dust, and shape difform blank, and by follow-up technique, thermoplastic adhesive removed.
Refer to Fig. 2, in the present embodiment, fusion sediment type 3D printer 2, by the printed material heating and melting of strip, then passes through shower nozzle and squeezes and gush out, and deposition formation blank.Specifically, material-spraying device 24, the heater (sign) being located at material-spraying device 24 and the marker's station 26 being located in casing 20 that this fusion sediment type 3D printer 2 includes casing 20, the feed arrangement 22 be located in casing 20 connects with feed arrangement 22.
Printed material directly can be printed as blank by this fusion sediment type 3D printer 2, it is not necessary to the use of shaping dies, thus greatly reducing the cost of product shaping.
For meeting the fusion sediment type 3D printer 2 requirement to the shape of printed material, the preferred diameter of printed material is the thread like body of 0.8～3mm.
Further, this step S2 includes: added by the thread like body of diameter 0.8～3mm in the feed arrangement 22 of fusion sediment type 3D printer 2, this thread like body is entered in material-spraying device 24 by feed arrangement 22, heating devices heat material-spraying device 24, by thread like body heating and melting, and squeezed, by the minute nozzle (sign) of material-spraying device 24, the melted material that gushes out, and it is deposited in marker's station 26 or on material that preceding layer is cured, temperature is lower than starting after solidification temperature to solidify, and forms blank by the accumulation layer by layer of material.
In the present embodiment, further, this step S3 includes: blank is placed in the nitric acid vapor of 110～140 DEG C defat 2～10 hours, and the polyformaldehyde in thermoplastic adhesive resolves into the little molecule of formaldehyde of gaseous state in nitric acid vapor；Or, blank is placed in the organic solvent of 40～50 DEG C defat 3～20 hours, and part thermoplastic's binding agent is dissolved in organic solvent, separate with metal or ceramic material, wherein, this organic solvent is preferably at least one in normal heptane, normal hexane, gasoline and kerosene.
In the present embodiment, further, when the mixture that printed material is thermoplastic adhesive and metal dust, step S4 includes: the blank obtained by step S3 is inserted in the sintering furnace of vacuum, hydrogen atmosphere or argon gas atmosphere, and in 5～8 hours, be warming up to 1300～1400 DEG C, and it is incubated 1～3 hour.By high temperature sintering, remaining thermoplastic adhesive is decomposed, and make metal material densification fusion obtain metal product.Preferably, this temperature changing process is: by room temperature to 600 DEG C, with 3～5 DEG C/min of intensifications；When temperature is 600 DEG C, keep 60min；Temperature is by 600 DEG C to 1350 DEG C, with 3～5 DEG C/min of intensifications；When temperature is 1350 DEG C, keep 120-180 minute；Insulation terminates Temperature fall cooling, can come out of the stove for less than 100 degree.
When the mixture that printed material is thermoplastic adhesive and ceramic powders, step S4 includes: the blank obtained by step S3 is inserted in the sintering furnace of air atmosphere, and is warming up to 1350～1500 DEG C in 5～8 hours, and is incubated 1～3 hour.By high temperature sintering, remaining thermoplastic adhesive is decomposed, and make ceramic material densification fusion obtain ceramic product.Preferably, this temperature changing process is: by room temperature to 800 DEG C, with 3～5 DEG C/min of intensifications；When temperature is 800 DEG C, keep 1 hour；Temperature is by 800 to 1500 DEG C, with 3～5 DEG C/min of intensifications；When temperature is 1500 DEG C, keep 2 hours；Insulation terminates Temperature fall cooling, can come out of the stove for less than 100 DEG C.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every under the inventive concept of the present invention; utilize the equivalent structure transformation that description of the present invention and accompanying drawing content are made, or directly/be indirectly used in other relevant technical fields and be included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a metal/ceramic powder forming method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps that
Thermoplastic adhesive is mixed with metal dust or ceramic powders, and extrusion molding is for the printed material of fusion sediment type 3D printer.
2. metal/ceramic powder forming method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also comprise the following steps that
Fusion sediment type 3D printer adds described printed material printing shaping blank.
3. metal/ceramic powder forming method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that also comprise the following steps that
Blank described in ungrease treatment, to remove the described thermoplastic adhesive of part；
Blank after sintering ungrease treatment.
4. metal/ceramic powder forming method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described thermoplastic adhesive is mixed with metal dust or ceramic powders, and extrusion molding is used for the step of printed material of fusion sediment type 3D printer, including:
Thermoplastic adhesive is added in extruder with metal dust or ceramic powders, and the printed material of extrusion molding wire；
Described printed material pitch of the laps is arranged by Winder.
5. the metal/ceramic powder forming method as described in Claims 1-4 any one, it is characterised in that
The mass ratio of described metal dust and described printed material is 0.088～0.09:1；Or,
The mass ratio of described ceramic powders and described printed material is 0.14～0.15:1.
6. metal/ceramic powder forming method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that described metal dust comprises at least one in powder of stainless steel, copper powder, aluminium powder, tungsten powder, nikel powder and chromium powder.
7. metal/ceramic powder forming method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that described ceramic powders comprises at least one in zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide, silicon nitride, aluminium nitride and carborundum.
8. the metal/ceramic powder forming method as described in Claims 1-4 any one, it is characterised in that described thermoplastic adhesive includes polyformaldehyde, polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and stearic acid.
9. metal/ceramic powder forming method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the step of blank described in described ungrease treatment, including:
It is placed in the nitric acid vapor of 110～140 DEG C by described blank defat 2～10 hours；Or,
It is placed in the organic solvent of 40～50 DEG C by described blank defat 3～20 hours.
10. metal/ceramic powder forming method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the step of the blank after described sintering ungrease treatment, including:
The blank of metal material is inserted in the sintering furnace of vacuum, hydrogen atmosphere or argon gas atmosphere, and in 5～8 hours, be warming up to 1300～1400 DEG C, and be incubated 1～3 hour；Or,
The blank of ceramic material is inserted in the sintering furnace of air atmosphere, and in 5～8 hours, be warming up to 1350～1500 DEG C, and be incubated 1～3 hour.
CN201610143756.0A 2016-03-14 2016-03-14 Metal/ceramic powder molding method Pending CN105728729A (en)

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Application publication date: 20160706