CN105722296B - Target system and the system for generating neutron and/or neutrino with target system - Google Patents
Target system and the system for generating neutron and/or neutrino with target system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105722296B CN105722296B CN201610181495.1A CN201610181495A CN105722296B CN 105722296 B CN105722296 B CN 105722296B CN 201610181495 A CN201610181495 A CN 201610181495A CN 105722296 B CN105722296 B CN 105722296B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H6/00—Targets for producing nuclear reactions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H3/00—Production or acceleration of neutral particle beams, e.g. molecular or atomic beams
- H05H3/06—Generating neutron beams
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- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
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Abstract
A kind of system for generating neutron and/or neutrino the invention discloses target system and with the target system, the target system are used at least one of neutron generation system and neutrino generation system, and the target system includes：Solid particle as target body；And first passage component, the first passage component have for solid particle by first passage inclined relative to horizontal direction, the first passage component has the first bottom wall, in two the first side walls that two lateral edge portions of the first bottom wall are arranged, solid particle leaves first passage component along the first bottom wall from the lower end of first passage, interacts for line and the solid particle for leaving first passage component.According to the embodiment of the present invention, for example, can be with Optimum utilization particle stream between two ramp ways jet stream, produce neutron and/or neutrino, and effectively reduce hot pollution problem.
Description
Technical field
The embodiment of the present invention be related to a kind of target system and with the target system for generating neutron and/or neutrino
System
Background technology：
What spallation target can be applied to apply from basic research to tip as a kind of efficient neutron source and neutrino source
Different field.Nowadays every big science engineering is very urgent for the demand of high power neutron source in the world, but be limited to material,
The problems such as heat dissipation, using traditional neutron source technology it is difficult to there is further breakthrough again on improving spallation target power output.In fusion
In heap material radiation damage research, correlative study, traditional accelerator deuterium tritium are used for without suitable neutron source in the world at present
The neutron flux that neutron source generates is limited, is exclusively used in neutron source item IFMIF (the international fusion reactor materials of fusion reactor material research
Irradiation devices) although higher neutron flux and the total yield of neutron can be generated, its technical difficulty and investment are all very huge,
And the lead time is very long.In addition, as the research of neutrino is as the hot issue of current basic scientific research, neutrino is established
Factory, generating largely suitable neutrino becomes a urgent problem.
Invention content
The purpose of embodiments of the invention is to provide a kind of target system and with the target system for generate neutron and/or
Thus the system of neutrino can for example optimize the jet stream of particle stream, to produce neutron and/or neutrino.
The embodiment provides a kind of target system, the target system is generated for neutron generation system and neutrino
At least one of system, the target system include：Solid particle as target body；And first passage component, described first
Passage component have for solid particle by first passage inclined relative to horizontal direction, first passage component tool
There is the first bottom wall, in two the first side walls that two lateral edge portions of the first bottom wall are arranged, solid particle is along the first bottom wall
First passage component is left from the lower end of first passage, for line and the solid particle phase interaction for leaving first passage component
With.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the target system further includes：Second channel component, the second channel component tool
Be useful for solid particle by second channel inclined relative to horizontal direction, it is logical that the upper end of second channel component is located at first
The lower section of the lower end of road component, the solid particle for leaving first passage component fall into the upper end of second channel component upward
Opening in.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the second channel component has the second bottom wall, in two sides of the second bottom wall
Set up two second sidewalls set separately in edge.
According to an embodiment of the invention, second channel component also has the side wall positioned at upper end, solid particle logical from second
Leave second channel component in the lower end of road component.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the target system further includes：Collecting part, the collecting part are arranged first
The upstream of passage component, for collecting solid particle, wherein collecting part has opening；And the lock for switching the opening
Door, wherein in gate opening, the solid particle collected in collecting part flows into first passage component.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the bottom wall of the restriction opening of the collecting part and two side walls respectively with institute
The upper end of the first bottom wall and two the first side walls of first passage component is stated, the opening of the collecting part is logical towards first
The opening of the upper end of the first passage of road component.
According to an embodiment of the invention, first passage component is channel parts.
According to an embodiment of the invention, second channel component is channel parts.
According to an embodiment of the invention,
The embodiment provides a kind of systems for generating neutron and/or neutrino, this is used to generate neutron
And/or the system of neutrino includes：Above-mentioned target system.
According to an embodiment of the invention, described for generating neutron and/or the system of neutrino further includes：Line emits
Part, the line of line transmitting part transmitting and the solid particle for leaving first passage component act on, with generate neutron and/or in
Micro- son.
According to an embodiment of the invention, such as the jet stream of particle stream can be optimized, to produce neutron and/or neutrino.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is according to the neutron of the embodiment of the present invention and/or the overall schematic of neutrino generation system；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram according to the target system of the neutron and/or neutrino generation system of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification come illustrate the present invention specific implementation mode.
As shown in Fig. 1 to 2, neutron and/or neutrino generation system 100 according to an embodiment of the invention includes mainly：
Target system 10 and solid particle cooling device 5, screening dust-extraction unit 6, particle supplement recycling storage device 7, particle promote dress
The auxiliary devices such as 8, convergence pipeline 9 are set, the auxiliary device is used for the cooling, dedusting by solid particle and is transmitted to the target system
The upper end of 10 collecting part 1.
Referring to 1 to 2, include for neutron and/or the target system of neutrino generation system 10：Flow solids as target body
Particle；First passage component (following guiding chute members 2 are the example of first passage component), the first passage component tool
Be useful for solid particle by first passage inclined relative to horizontal direction, the first passage component have the first bottom wall
14, in two the first side walls 12,13 that two lateral edge portions of the first bottom wall 14 are arranged, solid particle is along the first bottom wall 14
First passage component is left from the lower end of first passage, for line and the solid particle phase interaction for leaving first passage component
With.Convergence funnel 4 can be directly entered by leaving the solid particle of first passage component.First passage component can be channel parts or
Duct member.First passage can have substantially rectangular cross section.The opening of the lower end of first passage can be substantially rectangular
Opening.First bottom wall can be vertical with the first side wall.First bottom wall and the first side wall can be formed by tablet.First bottom wall is in width
The cross section spent on direction can be with horizontal direction parallel.
Referring to Fig. 1 to 2, the system 100 for generating neutron and/or neutrino further includes：Line emits part, the line
The line of transmitting part transmitting and the solid particle for leaving first passage component act on, to generate neutron and/or neutrino.
Referring to 1 to 2, target system 10 further includes：(following collection chute component 3 is second channel portion to second channel component
The example of part), the second channel component have for solid particle by second channel inclined relative to horizontal direction,
The upper end of second channel component is located at the lower section of the lower end of first passage component, the solid particle for leaving first passage component
It falls into the opening upward of the upper end of second channel component.The second channel component has the second bottom wall 18, at the second bottom
Two second sidewalls 15,17 of two lateral edge portions setting of wall 18.Second channel component can also have positioned at upper end
Another second sidewall 16, solid particle leave second channel component from the lower end of second channel component.Second channel component can
To be channel parts or duct member.Second channel can have substantially rectangular cross section.The width of second channel can be more than or
Equal to the width of first passage.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, target system 10 further includes：Collecting part 1 for collecting solid particle；The collecting part 1
It is arranged in the upstream of first passage component, for collecting solid particle, collecting part has opening；And for switching the opening
Gate 11 collect solid particle in collecting part 1 when gate 11 is opened and flow into first passage component.According to this hair
Bright example, the bottom wall and two side walls of the restriction opening of the collecting part 1 respectively with the first passage component
12,13 upper ends of the first bottom wall 14 and two the first side walls, the opening of the collecting part 1 is towards first passage component
The opening of the upper end of first passage.The opening of collecting part can be rectangular aperture.
The first passage component can be for guiding solid particle to the guiding chute members 2 of line active region；
Second channel component can be for guiding the solid particle after being reacted with line to the collection chute component 3 of components downstream.
Target system 10 further includes the convergence that the solid particle in collection chute component 3 after reaction is converged to solid particle cooling device 5
Funnel 4.Guiding chute members 2 are arranged in the downstream of collecting part 1, are below collection chute component 3, are used for cooling solid
The solid particle cooling device 5 of grain is arranged in the downstream of convergence funnel 4.Solid particle under the force of gravity by collecting part 1,
Reach each component in downstream.Controllable gate 11 is provided at collecting part 1, the switch size of gate 11 can be according to practical line
The size of beam spot is adjusted.Solid particle can have spheroid form, such as ball shape, ellipsoid shape or it is other can
With the spheroid form of rolling.As shown in Fig. 1 to 2, the collecting part 1 can be the reservoirs with controllable gate, can also
It is the funnel type with controllable valve.The guiding chute members 2 and collection chute component 3 can be respectively one and carry side wall
And lower skewed slot of the outlet without side wall, and the cross section of the ratio guiding chute members 2 of collection chute component 3 is slightly wide.
As shown in Fig. 2, the guiding chute members 2 and collection chute component 3, shape can be to tilt sink type, example
Can such as have substantially rectangular cross section.The guiding chute members 2 include two side walls 12,13 and bottom wall 14, are collected
Chute members 3 include three side walls 15,16,17 and bottom wall 18.Guide the upside of chute members 2 without side wall, opening and receipts
The bottom wall for collecting 11 exit of gate of component 1 is connected by axis, for example, articulated connection, guides chute members 2 and collection chute portion
Angle between part 3 and horizontal plane is adjustable, between adjusting range is 15 degree to 45 degree.The position of collection chute component 3 is set to
The underface of chute members 2 is guided, and slightly staggeredly with it.
It is promoted as shown in Figure 1, the auxiliary device includes solid particle cooling device 5, screening dust-extraction unit 6 and particle
Device 8.The function of solid particle cooling device 5 is that the heat for generating particle in target system 10 is taken away.Screen dust-extraction unit 6
Function is except the crushed particles and dust in degranulation.The upper end of particle lifting device 8 is equipped with convergence pipeline 9, is used for solid
Particle supplies the collecting part 1 of target system 10.In addition, neutron and/or neutrino generation system 100 further include：Setting is being screened
The particle in 6 downstream of dust-extraction unit stores and supplementary device 7.
In an embodiment of the present invention, neutron and/or neutrino generation system be a kind of small-sized high-throughput high-energy neutron and/
Or neutrino source, in the neutron and/or neutrino source, ion, ion warp are generated from electron cyclotron resonace type (ECR) ion source
High power density beam is generated after crossing low energy transmission line, radio frequency four polar field (RFQ) accelerator, middle energy transmission line and superconduction accelerating sections
Stream, high power density line are reacted with solid heavy metals particle target, generate the neutron and/or neutrino of needs.
Target material can select beryllium alloy or tungsten alloy particle etc., particle diameter to may be about 0.1~0.5mm, beryllium
Alloy can be used that beryllium tungsten alloy, beryllium titanium alloy, beryllium rhenium alloys and related ternary alloy three-partalloy, for example (wherein X is Be-W-X alloys
Re, Ta, Fe etc.), or use other metals and alloy.Bead continuous flowing in the channel under the effect of gravity, couples in beam target
Area (region that i.e. line is practiced shooting) generates neutron and/or neutrino with the effect of high power density line, meanwhile, solid particle will also
Deposits heat takes line coupled zone out of, and thermal conductivity is gone out target system 10 in solid particle cooling device 5.
As shown in Fig. 1 to 2, target system 10 is by collecting part 1, guiding chute members 2, collection chute component 3 and convergence
Funnel 4 forms.The collecting part 1 of 2 top of guiding chute members may be configured as the reservoirs structure with controllable gate 11, gate
11 unlatching size can carry out the adjusting of outlet height according to the size of line beam spot.2 lower section of guiding chute members is penetrated for particle
The part of stream, as line target practice position (as shown by the arrows in figure 2).Herein, solid particle is first under the effect of gravity from collection
It flows out at the gate 11 of component 1, is tumbled downwards along guiding chute members 2, certainly when reaching guiding 2 lower exit port of chute members
By dishing out or jet stream, line are reacted with the solid particle target dished out or jet stream goes out, generate predetermined close neutron and/or in
Micro- son.The guiding chute members 2 and collection chute component 3 of target system 10 can select radiation resistance, heat safe material, such as
SiC.The thickness at chute wall and bottom is 0.5~2cm.It (or is beam target coupling to export line target practice region in guiding chute members 2
Close area), it is arranged as required to the sample stage for being useful for placing laboratory sample.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the neutron and/or the incident line B of neutrino generation system 100 can be put down in the direction of the arrow
It goes in guiding 2 outlet edge of chute members, for example, the edge of the lower end of bottom wall 14, and cut with the target particle dished out or jet stream goes out
Line direction is vertical, and acts on thereon.In addition to this, the direction of incident line B can also can be adjusted as needed.Such as Fig. 2 institutes
Show, chute members 2 and collection chute component 3 is guided to be spaced apart in the vertical direction, incident line B is located at guiding chute members 2
Neutral gear between collection chute component 3, and guiding chute members 2 bottom opening edge, for example, the side of the lower end of bottom wall 14
Edge, angle be α, wherein 360 ° of 0 °≤α ＜, i.e., can make line that can get to particle target within the scope of angle α will not hit again
In each skewed slot side wall.Incident line B with dish out or target particle that jet stream goes out at a distance from it is adjustable.As needed can in neutron and/or
Sample stage is set in neutrino generating region, and the setting height of sample stage is identical as line, and installation position can be according to experiment needs
It is adjusted.
As shown in Figure 1, solid particle cooling device 5 is connect with the convergence funnel 4 of target system 10, which can adopt
With corrugated plate dst adverse current water cooling heat exchanger.Particle to be cooled flows downward under gravity from upper entrance, and water
Cooling water in cold heat exchanger is to flow from bottom to top, the heat that absorbing particles carry, and carries it into cold water process circuit
In.Plank frame is big with heat exchange area in unit volume, and heat exchanger space structure is compact, and particle movement hinders small feature；
Heat transfer effect can be remarkably reinforced in ripple struction；Cooling water can improve heat exchanger overall heat exchange effect with alloying pellet move counter-current
Rate is that cooling working medium can guarantee enough heat transfer temperature differences with water.By above-mentioned feature, corrugated plate dst adverse current water cooling heat exchanger can
While the flowing non-contact with solid particle of guarantee coolant, to minimize heat exchanger volume, ensure economical enough
Property and structural strength.
As shown in Figure 1, particle lifting device 8 is set to the downstream of solid particle cooling device 7, it is therefore an objective to will be passed through after heat exchange
The particle that sieving selects dust-extraction unit 6 to be delivered in particle supplement recycling storage device 7 is transmitted back to the collecting part 1 of target system 10
Top.Vertical bucket elevator may be used in particle lifting device 8, is driven to the loop chain equipped with loader(-mounted) shovel by motor.Phase
For other particle type of drive, the main movable member of bucket elevator is endless-chain and driving motor, and theory of mechanics is more
Simply, and there is higher cooperation tolerance.The mode of its endless-chain vertical-lift so that it is with higher working efficiency.
Optionally, it is possible to use electromagnetism lifting system.
Such as Fig. 1, shown in Fig. 2, under original state, the gate 11 of the collecting part 1 of target system 10 completely closes, and particle is from target
Collecting part 1 is injected in the exit of the convergence pipeline 9 of 10 top collecting part 1 of system under the effect of gravity, and particle is converging to
The gate 11 of collecting part 1 is opened according to line beam spot size into preset height after setting height, and particle is in gravity at this time
Under from the outlet of gate 11 flow out, tumbled downwards along the guiding chute members 2 of target system 10, reach guide chute members 2
When lower outlet, particle is due to inertia and gravity is spilled over or jet stream goes out, be spilled over or particle that jet stream goes out in dropping process with
High energy beam current B, which reacts, generates high-throughput neutron and/or neutrino, and the high-throughput neutron and/or neutrino of generation is made
With on the laboratory sample of sample stage.Line with guiding chute members 2 outlet at a distance from it is adjustable, and the height of sample stage also with
Variation, so that the laboratory sample in sample stage is obtained estimated neutron and/or neutrino dose of radiation.Particle after reaction
It falls into collection chute component 3, imports convergence funnel 4 therewith, subsequently into solid particle cooling device 5, absorbing particles are taken
The heat of band.Particle after cooling enters screening dust-extraction unit 6 immediately, and screening dust-extraction unit 6 can be that plain particles screen dedusting
Device or electromagnetic particle screen dust-extraction unit.Standard compliant particle after screening dedusting is transported to particle benefit
It fills in recycling storage device 7, if finding after testing, the particle in particle supplement recycling storage device 7 is less than given threshold, needs
It is supplemented outer bound pair, and at the same time, the particle target that particle lifting device 8 can supplement particle in recycling storage device 7 is defeated
It send to the upstream of target system 10, the neutron reaction of next round is carried out into target system 10 by converging pipeline 9.
According to the abovementioned embodiments of the present invention, it provides a kind of for small-sized high-throughput high-energy neutron and/or neutrino source
Target system 10, caused in the process of running due to hydromechanical unstability to solve existing IFMIF neutron sources target
Jet stream influence and the problems such as hot pollution, while solving the problems, such as thermal stress in particle target.
Solid particle cooling device 5 in neutron and/or neutrino generation system 100 is arranged in the downstream of convergence funnel 4,
Corrugated plate dst adverse current water cooling heat exchanger can be used in the solid particle cooling device 5.Solid particle cooling device 5 be responsible for by particle from
The heat that target system 10 is taken out of shifts to secondary circuit.Particle supplement recycling storage device 7 is arranged under solid particle cooling device 5
It swims, emptying system and control system endoparticle total amount when being used to store the particle after supplement heat exchange, and can need afterwards.
The effect of particle lifting device 8 is that the particle supplemented particle in recycling storage device 7 is delivered to 1 top of collecting part, is carried out
The nuclear reaction of next round.Vertical bucket elevator can be used in the particle lifting device 8, by motor to the loop chain equipped with loader(-mounted) shovel into
Row driving.Optionally, it is possible to use electromagnetism lifting system.
According to an embodiment of the invention, used solid particle is sprayed with the high power density liquid used in the world at present
Lithium target is penetrated to compare, can effectively solve its in the process of running due to hydromechanical unstability and caused by jet stream influence, it is bright
The aobvious stability for improving neutron and generating；Since the present invention is designed using the ladder-like skewed slot of two level, and opened provided with adjustable
Mouthful, it can be according to the line of different beam spot sizes, it, can be right by carrying out up and down adjustment to the gate 11 at collecting part 1
The grain thickness that guiding chute members exit jet stream goes out is adjusted at any time；Secondly, the utilization rate of material can effectively be optimized.By
In the presently disclosed existing substantially circular funnel of target type, outlet is rounded, the disadvantage is that stream portion has curvature so that enter
Penetration range of the feam column in the direction of propagation is uneven, while the speed difference of stream portion radially particle is larger, is unfavorable for
The utilization rate of optimization material, and the particle target neat in edge that jet stream goes out in the present invention, effectively overcome existing round funnel target
Disadvantage；Furthermore solid particle can be taken the heat of generation from target system to solid particle cooling device out of by the flowing of particle,
And be allowed to shift to secondary circuit, effectively solve the heat transfer problem of neutron source；In addition, the neutron of the embodiment of the present invention and/or in it is micro-
Sub- generation system is simple in structure, and size is substantially reduced, and can effectively reduce cost.
Embodiment of above is merely to illustrate the present invention, and not limitation of the present invention, in relation to the common of technical field
Technical staff can also make a variety of changes and modification without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, therefore all
Equivalent technical solution also belongs to scope of the invention, and scope of patent protection of the invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of target system, the target system is used at least one of neutron generation system and neutrino generation system, described
Target system includes：
Solid particle as target body；And
First passage component, the first passage component have for solid particle by inclined relative to horizontal direction the
One channel, the first passage component have the first bottom wall, two first be arranged in two lateral edge portions of the first bottom wall
Side wall, solid particle leave first passage component along the first bottom wall from the lower end of first passage, for line and leave first
The solid particle of passage component interacts.
2. target system according to claim 1, further includes：
Second channel component, the second channel component have for solid particle by inclined relative to horizontal direction the
Two channels, the upper end of second channel component is located at the lower section of the lower end of first passage component, for leaving first passage component
Solid particle is fallen into the opening upward of the upper end of second channel component.
3. target system according to claim 2, wherein：
The second channel component has the second bottom wall, in two the second sides that two lateral edge portions of the second bottom wall are arranged
Wall.
4. target system according to claim 3, wherein
Second channel component also have positioned at upper end another second sidewall, solid particle from the lower end of second channel component from
Open second channel component.
5. target system according to claim 1, further includes：
Collecting part, the collecting part is arranged in the upstream of first passage component, for collecting solid particle, wherein collection portion
Part has opening；And
Gate for switching the opening, wherein in gate opening, the solid particle collected in collecting part flows into first
Passage component.
6. target system according to claim 5, wherein：
The bottom wall and two side walls of the restriction opening of the collecting part the first bottom with the first passage component respectively
The upper end of wall and two the first side walls, the opening of the collecting part is towards the upper end of the first passage of first passage component
Opening.
7. target system according to claim 1, wherein：
First passage component is channel parts.
8. target system according to claim 2, wherein：
Second channel component is channel parts.
9. a kind of system for generating neutron and/or neutrino, including：
Target system described in claim 1.
10. the system according to claim 9 for generating neutron and/or neutrino further includes：
Line emits part, and the line of the line transmitting part transmitting and the solid particle for leaving first passage component act on, with production
Raw neutron and/or neutrino.
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| RU2282909C2 (en) * | 2003-10-07 | 2006-08-27 | Российский Федеральный Ядерный Центр - Всероссийский Научно-Исследовательский Институт Технической Физики Имени Академика Е.И. Забабахина (Рфяц - Вниитф) | Neutron production method |
| CN101010993A (en) * | 2004-08-27 | 2007-08-01 | 原子能源局 | A method and apparatus for generating radiation or particles by interaction between a laser beam and a target |
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| CN103858176A (en) * | 2011-10-06 | 2014-06-11 | 浜松光子学株式会社 | Radiation generating apparatus and radiation generating method |
| CN105142325A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-12-09 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | A target system for a neutron production system and the neutron production system |
| CN205648168U (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-10-12 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | System for target system with have a target system be used for producing neutron and/or neutrino |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2282909C2 (en) * | 2003-10-07 | 2006-08-27 | Российский Федеральный Ядерный Центр - Всероссийский Научно-Исследовательский Институт Технической Физики Имени Академика Е.И. Забабахина (Рфяц - Вниитф) | Neutron production method |
| CN101010993A (en) * | 2004-08-27 | 2007-08-01 | 原子能源局 | A method and apparatus for generating radiation or particles by interaction between a laser beam and a target |
| CN103858176A (en) * | 2011-10-06 | 2014-06-11 | 浜松光子学株式会社 | Radiation generating apparatus and radiation generating method |
| CN103533740A (en) * | 2013-03-04 | 2014-01-22 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | Target device for neutron generating device, accelerator-driven neutron generating device and beam coupling method of accelerator-driven neutron generating device |
| CN105142325A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-12-09 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | A target system for a neutron production system and the neutron production system |
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| CN105722296A (en) | 2016-06-29 |
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