CN105719321A - Texture compression method and device - Google Patents
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- CN105719321A CN105719321A CN201610045376.3A CN201610045376A CN105719321A CN 105719321 A CN105719321 A CN 105719321A CN 201610045376 A CN201610045376 A CN 201610045376A CN 105719321 A CN105719321 A CN 105719321A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a texture compression method and device.The texture compression method comprises the steps that a first picture only having color information and a second picture only having Alpha information are obtained by converting original pictures; the first picture and the second picture are spliced to obtain a spliced picture; texture compression processing is conducted on the spliced picture to obtain a compressed texture picture and generate a texture compression file corresponding to the compressed texture picture; the compressed texture picture is decompressed and restored by utilizing the generated texture compression file.The texture compression method and the device can retain the Alpha information on the basis that the advantages and characteristics of ETC1 texture compression are retained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to compressed textures technical field, particularly to method and the device of a kind of compressed textures.
Background technology
Joint image expert group (JointPhotographicExpertsGroup as compression, JPEG) more to save disk space than unpressed bitmap file (BITMAP) image the same for image, texture compression also allows for more in multi-texturing load map shape hardware (GraphicsProcessingUnit, GPU).MaliGPU is built-in hardware texture tool of compression (TextureCompressionTool), it is allowed to texture keeps compressive state in graphic hardware, and on required sample real-time decompression.By using compressed textures in the application, it is possible to required memory bandwidth amount is greatly decreased, thus improving application program capacity, reduce power consumption.
Ericsson texture compression (EricssonTextureCompression, ETC) is a kind of texture compression standard, is the open standard supported by Khronos, is the part of " OpenGLES standard extension ".ETC standard is mainly supplied to embedded device and uses, therefore widely used in mobile platform.ETC provides the compression ratio for 24 RGB data 6 times, is a kind of damage algorithm for what perceived quality designed, and it is according to being that the reaction that brightness changes is higher than colourity change by human eye.This standard is permitted for browser display network picture by KhronosGroup.
Alpha channel is the gray channel of 8, and this passage records the transparence information in image by 256 grades of gray scales, defines transparent, opaque and translucent area.During owing to using ETCv1 (ETC1) standard compression texture, alpha channel information (hereinafter referred to as alpha information) can be lost, and therefore many developers adopt other texture compression algorithm.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method of compressed textures and device, can solve ETC1 standard better does not have alpha information problem.
According to an aspect of the invention, it is provided a kind of method of compressed textures, including:
By original image is changed, the second pictures of first pictures only with the colouring information of described original image and the alpha information only with described original image；
Described first pictures and the second pictures are spliced, obtains splicing picture；
Described splicing picture is carried out texture compression process, obtains compressed textures picture, and generate the texture compression file corresponding to described compressed textures picture；
Utilize the texture compression file generated, described compressed textures picture is decompressed and reduces.
Preferably, the step of first pictures only described in colouring information includes:
By the alpha information of each pixel in described original image being removed, obtain the first pictures；
Wherein, each pixel of described first pictures only has the colouring information of the respective pixel of described original image, as the first colouring information.
Preferably, the step of second pictures only described in alpha information includes:
The alpha information of each pixel in described original image is extracted；
Using the second colouring information as described each pixel of the alpha information of each pixel extracted, and generate second pictures only with described second colouring information.
Preferably, described generation includes corresponding to the step of the texture compression file of described compressed textures picture:
By the colouring information of each pixel in described splicing picture is extracted, obtain the texture information including the first colouring information and the second colouring information；
The information of the compress mode information and described texture information that include described compressed textures picture is combined, obtains data block；
Quantity according to obtained data block, generates the file header including data block quantity information；
Described file header and described data block are combined, form the texture compression file corresponding to described compressed textures picture.
Preferably, the described step described compressed textures picture being decompressed and reducing includes:
Utilizing the compress mode information in respective data blocks in described texture compression file, the compressed textures picture treating decompression carries out decompression processing；
The second colouring information in respective data blocks in described texture compression file is converted to alpha information；
The first colouring information utilized in described texture compression file in respective data blocks and the alpha information being converted to, the picture that decompression is obtained reduces, and obtains original image.
According to a further aspect in the invention, it is provided that the device of a kind of compressed textures, including:
Modular converter, is used for by original image is changed, the second pictures of first pictures only with the colouring information of described original image and the alpha information only with described original image；
Synthesis module, for described first pictures and the second pictures being spliced, obtains splicing picture；
Compression module, for described splicing picture is carried out texture compression process, obtains compressed textures picture, and generates the texture compression file corresponding to described compressed textures picture；
Recovery module, for utilizing the texture compression file generated, decompresses described compressed textures picture and reduces.
Preferably, described modular converter, by the alpha information of each pixel in described original image being removed, obtains the first pictures, wherein, each pixel of described first pictures only has the colouring information of the respective pixel of described original image, as the first colouring information.
Preferably, the alpha information of each pixel in described original image is extracted by described modular converter, and using the second colouring information as described each pixel of the alpha information of each pixel extracted, and generate second pictures only with described second colouring information.
Preferably, described compression module is by extracting the colouring information of each pixel in described splicing picture, obtain the texture information including the first colouring information and the second colouring information, and the information of the compress mode information and described texture information that include described compressed textures picture is combined, obtain data block, quantity according to obtained data block, generate the file header including data block quantity information, and described file header and described data block are combined, form the texture compression file corresponding to described compressed textures picture.
Preferably, described recovery module utilizes the compress mode information in described texture compression file in respective data blocks, the compressed textures picture treating decompression carries out decompression processing, and the second colouring information in respective data blocks in described texture compression file is converted to alpha information, the first colouring information utilized in described texture compression file in respective data blocks and the alpha information being converted to, the picture that decompression is obtained reduces, and obtains original image.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention is:
1, the present invention is on the basis of the advantage and characteristic that retain ETC1 compressed textures, it is possible to retain alpha information；
2, the present invention utilizes the texture compression file being made up of the file header of self-defined structure and the data block of multiple self-defined structure, it is achieved decompression and the reduction to compressed textures picture, it is adaptable to include all kinds of engines of EgretEngine；
3, the data block quantity in the texture compression file of the present invention and order are all without restriction.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the compressed textures that the embodiment of the present invention provides；
Fig. 2 is the device block diagram of the compressed textures that the embodiment of the present invention provides；
Fig. 3 (a) is the original image schematic diagram that first embodiment of the invention provides；
Fig. 3 (b) adopts the ETC1 display effect figure that Fig. 3 (a) compressed textures is obtained；
Fig. 3 (c) is the display effect figure adopting the present invention that Fig. 3 (a) compressed textures is obtained；
Fig. 4 (a) is the original image schematic diagram that second embodiment of the invention provides；
Fig. 4 (b) is the display effect figure adopting the present invention that Fig. 4 (a) compressed textures is obtained.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail, it will be appreciated that preferred embodiment described below is merely to illustrate and explains the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the compressed textures that the embodiment of the present invention provides, as it is shown in figure 1, step includes:
Second pictures of step S101: by original image is changed, first pictures only with the colouring information of original image and the alpha information only with original image.
Wherein, by the alpha information of each pixel in original image being removed, obtaining the first pictures, wherein, each pixel of the first pictures only has the colouring information of the respective pixel of original image, using this colouring information as the first colouring information.
Wherein, the alpha information of each pixel in original image is extracted, using the second colouring information as each pixel of the alpha information of each pixel extracted, and generate second pictures only with the second colouring information.
Such as, certain pixel of original image includes colouring information and alpha information.Wherein, colouring information includes red value R:50, green value G:100, blue valve B:150；Alpha information A:200.By original image is changed, the first colouring information of this pixel in the first pictures includes red value R:50, green value G:100, blue valve B:150；Second colouring information of this pixel in the second pictures includes red value R:200, green value G:0, blue valve B:0.In this example, second pictures uses the alpha information of red value record original image, similarly, the alpha information in green value or blue valve record original image can also be used, it is to say, a certain color value of each pixel of the second pictures is the alpha value of the respective pixel of original image.
Step S102: the first pictures and the second pictures that are obtained by step S101 splice, obtains splicing picture.
Owing to the colouring information in the second pictures is used for recording the alpha information of original image, namely the splicing picture therefore obtained in step S102 comprises the colouring information of original image, comprises again the alpha information of original image.
Step S103: the splicing picture that step S102 is obtained carries out texture compression process, obtains compressed textures picture, and generates the texture compression file corresponding to this compressed textures picture.
It is for instance possible to use obtained splicing picture is carried out texture compression process by existing ETC1 standard, obtain compressed textures picture, during carrying out texture compression process, obtain compress mode information further.
Further, texture compression file is by being combined file header and data block and formed.Wherein, file header comprises data block quantity information；Data block comprises texture information and compress mode information.Specifically, the colouring information of each pixel spliced in picture by step S102 is obtained extracts, obtain the texture information including the first colouring information and the second colouring information, the information including compress mode information and texture information is combined, obtains data block；Quantity according to obtained data block, generates the file header including data block quantity information；Finally file header and data block are combined, form the texture compression file corresponding to compressed textures picture.
Step S104: utilize the texture compression file generated, compressed textures picture is decompressed and reduces.
Wherein, first with the compress mode information in respective data blocks in texture compression file, call corresponding decompression module and treat the compressed textures picture of decompression and carry out decompression processing, the picture after being decompressed.Then the second colouring information of the respective pixel in respective data blocks in texture compression file is converted to alpha information, and the first colouring information utilized in texture compression file in respective data blocks and the alpha information that is converted to, the picture that decompression is obtained reduces, and obtains original image.
Compared with the translation function that MaliGPU texture compression instrument provides, the information that the texture compression file that the present invention generates comprises can be completely suitable for the use of all kinds of engines such as EgretEngine, namely supports normally rendering of this document.
Fig. 2 is the device block diagram of the compressed textures that the embodiment of the present invention provides, as in figure 2 it is shown, device includes modular converter, synthesis module, compression module and recovery module.
Modular converter is used for by original image is changed, the second pictures of first pictures only with the colouring information of original image and the alpha information only with original image.Furtherly, modular converter is actually the first pictures that original image is converted to the colouring information (namely removing the alpha information of each pixel of original image) only with original image and only has second pictures of alpha information (namely removing the colouring information of each pixel of original image) of original image.Wherein, the colouring information in the first pictures is the colouring information of original image, and the colouring information of the second pictures is for recording the alpha information of original image.
Synthesis module, for the first pictures and the second pictures being spliced, obtains splicing picture.
Compression module is for carrying out texture compression process to splicing picture, obtain compressed textures picture, during carrying out texture compression process, obtain compress mode information further, and generate the texture compression file corresponding to compressed textures picture, wherein, texture compression file is by being combined file header and data block and formed.Wherein, comprising data block quantity information in file header, data block comprises texture information and compress mode information, and texture information includes the first colouring information and the second colouring information.
Compressed textures picture, for utilizing the texture compression file generated, is decompressed and reduces by recovery module.Specifically, recovery module is first with the compress mode information in respective data blocks in texture compression file, call corresponding decompression module to treat the compressed textures picture of decompression and carry out decompression processing, picture after being decompressed, then the second colouring information in respective data blocks in texture compression file is converted to alpha information, and the first colouring information utilized in texture compression file in respective data blocks and the alpha information that is converted to, the picture that decompression is obtained reduces, and obtains original image.
The present invention is directed to existing ETC1 standard and lost the alpha information of original image, and actually used in, picture is mostly with the problem of alpha information, it is provided that a kind of texture compressed formats with alpha information.Texture compressed formats provided by the invention is based on the extension of EGT1 standard, and solving EGC1 standard does not have the defect of alpha information.
First embodiment
Fig. 3 (a) is the original image schematic diagram that first embodiment of the invention provides, adopt ETC1 standard, original image shown in Fig. 3 (a) is carried out texture compression process, obtains the display effect of the ETC1 picture not having Alpha (hereinafter referred to as Alpha) information shown in Fig. 3 (b).Adopt the image display effect of Egret texture compression standard of the present embodiment offer such as shown in Fig. 3 (c), wherein, the first half of Fig. 3 (c) is the artwork (i.e. the first pictures before splicing) without Alpha information, the Alpha information that red value is each first half respective pixel of each pixel of lower half (i.e. the second pictures before splicing).Such as: pure red (0XFF0000:R:255, G:0, B:0), represent that the Alpha value of the first half respective pixel is 255, opaque.If OX7f0000 (R:127, G:0, B:0) represents that the Alpha value of first half respective pixel is 127, for translucent.
It is modified the mode that renders and the picture of Egret texture compressed formats can be reduced to the effect of the original image shown in Fig. 3 (a).Such as, the colouring information of a certain pixel a of Fig. 3 (c) first half includes red value R:50, green value G:100, blue valve B:150；The colouring information of the pixel of the relevant position of Fig. 3 (c) lower half includes red value R:200, green value G:0, blue valve B:0.Now, the first colouring information according to the pixel of the relevant position of Fig. 3 (c) lower half, obtain the Alpha value A:200 of pixel a, then by the colouring information of pixel a and Alpha information, Fig. 3 (c) is reduced to Fig. 3 (a).
Egret texture compression file (i.e. texture compression file) of the present embodiment is made up of file header (head) and multiple data block (block).
1, file header totally 7 bytes, for the essential information of supporting paper.
A. 5, front byte is word: egret, represents that this document is Egret texture compression file.
B. the 6th byte is information byte, for markup document type and out of Memory.Wherein, high 4 markup document types, low 4 indicate out of Memory.
C. the 7th byte, for indicating data block quantity below.
2., data block (block)
A. first character joint is data block label.
B. second byte is the compress mode of blocks of data.
C. the 3rd to 6 byte, totally 4 bytes indicate one without symbol shaping number, for the length (len) of data block is described.
D. remaining len byte is blocks of data..
The Egret texture compression standard of the present embodiment is based on ETC1.ETC1 is converted to original image and picture (.pkm) file of the high equal ETC1 form of artwork width.Egret texture compression standard is that artwork is converted to artwork with wide, is highly the picture of the ETC1 form of artwork 2 times, and its first half is the picture without Alpha information, and the latter half is by a gray-scale map of the Alpha information structure of artwork.Visible, Egret texture compression standard is based on ETC1 standard still with the texture compression standard of Alpha information.
Second embodiment
Fig. 4 (a) is the original image schematic diagram that second embodiment of the invention provides, and as shown in Figure 4, should be 2X2 with the original image of transparent effect, totally 4 pixels；Fig. 4 (a) is converted to Egret texture picture (namely splicing picture), and as shown in Fig. 4 (b), this picture is 2x4, totally 8 pixels.For pixel A1.Pixel A1 before conversion is: R:0, G:0, B:255, A:125.Pixel A1 after conversion is the pixel removing Alpha value, i.e. R:0, G:0, B:255.The Alpha information record of A1 is in pixel B1, and B1 is: R:125, G:0, B:0, namely utilizes the Alpha value of red value record A1.Therefore, the pixel (2x2) in effective pixel points or A district, the Alpha information of pixel record A district of B district pixel.It is modified the mode that renders to reduce and show Fig. 4 (a).
Egret texture compression file (i.e. texture compression standard data structure) is as follows:
For the second embodiment, the valid data of generation are: A1, A2, A3, A4, B1, B2, B3, B4.g be totally 8 bytes.So, the file of generation is as shown in table 1, and wherein each grid represents a byte, totally 21 bytes.
Table 1. is about the chart of texture compression file
| e | g | r | e | t | 0x2001 | 1 |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | A1 |
| A2 | A3 | A4 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 |
Specifically, firstly generate texture compression data, i.e. ETC1 data texturing (A1, A2, A3, A4, B1, B2, B3, B4), then start to assemble Egret texture compression file.
First file header as shown in table 2 is created, totally 7 bytes.
Table 2. is about the chart of file header
| e | g | r | E | t | 0x2001 | 1 |
Then blocks of data as shown in table 3 is created.
Table 3. is about the chart of blocks of data
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | A1 |
| A2 | A3 | A4 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 |
Last data splitting, i.e. file header+data block 1+ data block 2+ ...+data block N.Only one of which data block in second embodiment, therefore, the last combined result of current file is: file header+data block, as shown in table 1.
Further, the file format of Egret texture compression file is more flexible, it is also possible to free customized file needs the information carried, for instance the high information of width etc. of data block.
In sum, the present invention has following technical effect that
1, Egret texture compression standard provided by the invention is based on ETC1, it is possible to express Alpha information, say, that the present invention can compress the texture with Alpha information by ETC1, without losing Alpha information；
2, the Egret texture compression file of the present invention is made up of file header and one or more data block, and quantity and order to data block are unrestricted.
Although above the present invention being described in detail, but the invention is not restricted to this, those skilled in the art of the present technique can carry out various amendment according to principles of the invention.Therefore, all amendments made according to the principle of the invention, all should be understood to fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the method for a compressed textures, it is characterised in that including:
By original image is changed, the second pictures of first pictures only with the colouring information of described original image and the alpha information only with described original image；
Described first pictures and the second pictures are spliced, obtains splicing picture；
Described splicing picture is carried out texture compression process, obtains compressed textures picture, and generate the texture compression file corresponding to described compressed textures picture；
Utilize the texture compression file generated, described compressed textures picture is decompressed and reduces.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in only be there is colouring information the step of the first pictures include:
By the alpha information of each pixel in described original image being removed, obtain the first pictures；
Wherein, each pixel of described first pictures only has the colouring information of the respective pixel of described original image, as the first colouring information.
3. method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described in only be there is alpha information the step of the second pictures include:
The alpha information of each pixel in described original image is extracted；
Using the second colouring information as described each pixel of the alpha information of each pixel extracted, and generate second pictures only with described second colouring information.
4. method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described generation includes corresponding to the step of the texture compression file of described compressed textures picture:
By the colouring information of each pixel in described splicing picture is extracted, obtain the texture information including the first colouring information and the second colouring information；
The information of the compress mode information and described texture information that include described compressed textures picture is combined, obtains data block；
Quantity according to obtained data block, generates the file header including data block quantity information；
Described file header and described data block are combined, form the texture compression file corresponding to described compressed textures picture.
5. method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the described step described compressed textures picture being decompressed and reducing includes:
Utilizing the compress mode information in respective data blocks in described texture compression file, the compressed textures picture treating decompression carries out decompression processing；
The second colouring information in respective data blocks in described texture compression file is converted to alpha information；
The first colouring information utilized in described texture compression file in respective data blocks and the alpha information being converted to, the picture that decompression is obtained reduces, and obtains original image.
6. the device of a compressed textures, it is characterised in that including:
Modular converter, is used for by original image is changed, the second pictures of first pictures only with the colouring information of described original image and the alpha information only with described original image；
Synthesis module, for described first pictures and the second pictures being spliced, obtains splicing picture；
Compression module, for described splicing picture is carried out texture compression process, obtains compressed textures picture, and generates the texture compression file corresponding to described compressed textures picture；
Recovery module, for utilizing the texture compression file generated, decompresses described compressed textures picture and reduces.
7. device according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described modular converter is by removing the alpha information of each pixel in described original image, obtain the first pictures, wherein, each pixel of described first pictures only has the colouring information of the respective pixel of described original image, as the first colouring information.
8. device according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, the alpha information of each pixel in described original image is extracted by described modular converter, and using the second colouring information as described each pixel of the alpha information of each pixel extracted, and generate second pictures only with described second colouring information.
9. device according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described compression module is by extracting the colouring information of each pixel in described splicing picture, obtain the texture information including the first colouring information and the second colouring information, and the information of the compress mode information and described texture information that include described compressed textures picture is combined, obtain data block, quantity according to obtained data block, generate the file header including data block quantity information, and described file header and described data block are combined, form the texture compression file corresponding to described compressed textures picture.
10. device according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, described recovery module utilizes the compress mode information in described texture compression file in respective data blocks, the compressed textures picture treating decompression carries out decompression processing, and the second colouring information in respective data blocks in described texture compression file is converted to alpha information, the first colouring information utilized in described texture compression file in respective data blocks and the alpha information being converted to, the picture that decompression is obtained reduces, and obtains original image.
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| CN106683141A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-05-17 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安航空计算技术研究所 | Configurable quick texture compressing method |
| CN106802773A (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2017-06-06 | 刘超 | The management method and mobile terminal of a kind of memory space |
| CN106886353A (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-06-23 | 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 | The display processing method and device of a kind of user interface |
| CN107871330A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-04-03 | 北京龙创悦动网络科技有限公司 | The compression and restoring method of ETC textures, device and realization device |
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