A kind of cycloid gear low-cost high-efficiency processing method
Technical field
The invention belongs to Gear Processing field, particularly relate to a kind of cycloid gear low-cost high-efficiency processing method.
Background technology
Development Robot industry, for promoting conventional industries transition and upgrade, it is achieved innovation drives development, of far-reaching significance.Along with Robot industry is put into the key strategy of " made in China 2025 ", Ministry of Industry and Information take the lead formulate " Robot industry " 13 " development plan (exposure draft) " tentatively draft, China Robot industry welcome great strategic development opportunity.Data show, past 5 years, China robot market with average annual 36% speed increment, last year, the industrial robot sales volume of Chinese market surged 54%, reached 5.6 ten thousand, became the whole world maximum industrial robot demand state.
The research and development of industrial robot, manufacture and application are the important symbols weighing a national science and technology innovation and high-end manufacture strength with level, and precision speed reduction device is the functional part of most critical in industrial robot, it is the vital application link of Robot industry chain, is also one of bottleneck restricting China's Robot industry development at present.
Its cost accounts for the 30%~40% of whole robot building cost, and the precision speed reduction device of high cost constrains machine man-based development further.Cycloid gear is RV decelerator vital part, the transmission accuracy of its processing precision direct influence RV decelerator.And corporate boss to adopt high-precision grinder that cycloid gear is processed at present, its processing cost is high, and efficiency is low, considerably increases the manufacturing cost of decelerator.
Summary of the invention
The invention aims to solve above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, and the processing method that a kind of low cost, high-precision cycloid gear are provided.
According to technical scheme provided by the invention, described cycloid gear low-cost high-efficiency processing method, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps that:
(1) select the round metal blank of tool some strength toughness and wearability as raw material;
(2) circle blank is carried out normalized treatment, take out from stove and cool down in atmosphere;
(3) draw tooth to process the round blank after normalized treatment, obtain cycloidal tooth profile;
(4) blank after drawing tooth processing is carried out phosphatization and saponification successively in Phosphating Solution and saponification liquor to process;
(5) adopt extrusion die, on forcing press, blank is carried out film lubrication extrusion process and obtain cycloid gear blank;
(6) blank that step (5) obtains is carried out stress relief annealing process;
(7) blank after step (6) being processed repeats step (4) and step (5);
(8) via hole of blank is processed with cycloid for benchmark;
(9) workpiece that step (8) obtains is lain in bin carries out Quenching Treatment;
(10) workpiece after step (9) being processed carries out temper, to eliminate stress;
(11) workpiece after step (10) being processed carries out finished machined, to improve workpiece accuracy and to reduce surface roughness;
(12) workpiece after step (11) being processed is processed by shot blasting in abrasive flow machining device.
Further, drawing tooth processing in described step (3) is that blank first carries out dead eye processing, then draws tooth to process blank with dead eye location.
Further, in described step (5), film lubrication extruding refers to the extrusion process having small oil leab in press mold.
Further, in described step (8), via hole processing includes the processing of circular hole and irregularly-shaped hole
Further, when workpiece material is mild steel in described step (9), carburizing and quenching process need to be carried out.
Further, the time that in described step (12), workpiece is processed by shot blasting in abrasive flow machining device is 10~30 seconds.
The present invention is relative to existing cycloid gear process technology, and advantage shows: adopting film lubrication extruding that cycloid gear is processed, the cycloid gear surface smoothness after extruding is high, and stock size precision, up to T8~9 grade, is only second to finishing polish surface.And greatly reducing raw-material consumption, productivity ratio is high, reduces the production cost of cycloid gear, is particularly suitable for the part that production lot is big.And workpiece has been carried out 2 film lubrication extrusion processes, it is possible to eliminate because of after cycloid gear heat treatment internal stress release and cause cycloid gear deformation, it is ensured that the machining accuracy of cycloid gear.Adopt Abrasive Flow Machining that cycloid gear is processed by shot blasting, Abrasive Flow Machining is particularly suitable for the skin processing of the precision components such as cycloid gear and abnormal curved surface, relative to using high-precision grinder, cycloid gear is carried out roll flute processing, it is possible to significantly reduce its processing cost and improve its working (machining) efficiency.The problems such as it is more complicated that the present invention can efficiently solve cycloid gear prior art production technology, relatively costly, inefficient, are a kind of cycloid gear processing methods practical, effective.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the cycloid gear structural representation of film lubrication of the present invention extruding;
Fig. 3 is the cycloid gear structural representation after the present invention machines;
In figure, 1 is dead eye, and 2 is circular hole, and 3 is cycloid, and 4 is irregularly-shaped hole.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with concrete accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment one
A kind of cycloid gear low-cost high-efficiency processing method, comprises the following steps that:
(1) select the good No. 45 steel round blank material of comprehensive mechanical property as raw material;
(2) normalizing: heating, to 920 DEG C, is incubated 1 hour, is as cold as 600 DEG C soon and is incubated 1 hour, take out and cool down in atmosphere from stove;
(3) the round blank after normalized treatment is carried out dead eye 1 to process, then position with dead eye 1 and draw tooth to process blank, obtain cycloid 3 profile of tooth (as shown in Figure 2);
(4) blank after drawing tooth processing is carried out phosphatization and saponification successively in Phosphating Solution and saponification liquor to process, Phosphating Solution component is: zinc dihydrogen phosphate 60 g/l and zinc nitrate 110 g/l, Phosphating Solution temperature is 70 DEG C, carrying out phosphatization in the Phosphating Solution prepared by putting into after workpiece washing totally good for pickling, the process time is 20 minutes;Saponification liquor is the sodium stearate of 120 g/l, and saponification liquor temperature is 70 DEG C, proceeds by saponification operation by putting into after workpiece washing totally good for phosphatization in saponification pond, and the process time is 15 minutes;
(5) adopt extrusion die, on forcing press, blank is carried out film lubrication extrusion process and obtain cycloid gear blank;
(6) blank that step (5) obtains is carried out stress relief annealing process, temperature 600 DEG C, temperature retention time 7 hours, then furnace cooling is to 200 DEG C, comes out of the stove;
(7) blank after step (6) being processed repeats step (4) and step (5);
(8) for benchmark, the via hole (circular hole 2 and irregularly-shaped hole 4) of blank is processed (Fig. 3) with cycloid;
(9) quenching: lie on bin by the workpiece that step (8) obtains, processes 2 hours in 900 DEG C, drops to 840 DEG C of quenchings of coming out of the stove, and quenching oil temperature is 90 DEG C, and the working surface hardness after quenching reaches HRC55;
(10) tempering: the workpiece after step (9) being processed was 600 DEG C of tempering 80 minutes, to eliminate stress;
(11) workpiece after step (10) being processed carries out finished machined;
(12) workpiece after step (11) being processed is processed by shot blasting in abrasive flow machining device, and polishing time is 10 seconds.
Embodiment two
A kind of cycloid gear low-cost high-efficiency processing method, comprises the following steps that:
(1) select the 20CrMnTi alloyed steel round billet material with higher-strength and toughness as raw material;
(2) normalizing: heating, to 930 DEG C, is incubated 2 hours, is as cold as 600 DEG C soon and is incubated 3 hours, take out and cool down in atmosphere from stove;
(3) the round blank after normalized treatment is carried out dead eye 1 to process, then position with dead eye 1 and draw tooth to process blank, obtain cycloid 3 profile of tooth (as shown in Figure 2);
(4) blank after drawing tooth processing is carried out phosphatization and saponification successively in Phosphating Solution and saponification liquor to process, Phosphating Solution component is: zinc dihydrogen phosphate 60 g/l and zinc nitrate 110 g/l, Phosphating Solution temperature is 80 DEG C, carrying out phosphatization in the Phosphating Solution prepared by putting into after workpiece washing totally good for pickling, the process time is 13 minutes;Saponification liquor is the sodium stearate of 120 g/l, and saponification liquor temperature is 80 DEG C, proceeds by saponification operation by putting into after workpiece washing totally good for phosphatization in saponification pond, and the process time is 5 minutes;
(5) adopt extrusion die, on forcing press, blank is carried out film lubrication extrusion process and obtain cycloid gear blank;
(6) blank that step (5) obtains is carried out stress relief annealing process, temperature 150 DEG C, temperature retention time 12 hours, air cooling of coming out of the stove;
(7) blank after step (6) being processed repeats step (4) and step (5);
(8) for benchmark, the via hole (circular hole 2 and irregularly-shaped hole 4) of blank is processed (such as Fig. 3) with cycloid;
(9) carburizing and quenching: lie on bin by the workpiece that step (8) obtains, processes 2 hours in 900 DEG C, drops to 840 DEG C of quenchings of coming out of the stove, and quenching oil temperature is 90 DEG C, and the working surface hardness after quenching reaches HRC58, core hardness HRC40;
(10) tempering: the workpiece after step (9) being processed was 200 DEG C of tempering 80 minutes, to eliminate stress;
(11) workpiece after step (10) being processed carries out finished machined;
(12) workpiece after step (11) being processed is processed by shot blasting in abrasive flow machining device, and polishing time is 30 seconds.
The above embodiment of the present invention is only for clearly demonstrating example of the present invention, and is not the restriction to embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here without also cannot all of embodiment be given exhaustive.All any amendment, equivalent replacement and improvement etc. made within the spirit and principles in the present invention, should be included within the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.