Summary of the invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing fiber-optic vibration models to determine method and optical fiber prior-warning device, is
System, can quickly, accurately judge the oscillatory type of optical fiber.
In order to solve the above technical problems, one technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: it is true to provide a kind of fiber-optic vibration model
Method is determined, this method comprises: existing when receiving fiber optic telecommunications if obtaining and corresponding to several fiber positions in fiber optic telecommunications number
The signal value of dry time;Wherein, fiber optic telecommunications number are converted to by the optical signal of fiber reflection;With fiber position and light
The distance of fine starting point is the first reference axis, the time be the second reference axis, fiber position in several temporal signal values is
Three axes establish signal condition figure;Wherein, signal condition figure is for characterizing optical fiber several fiber positions in several times
On signal value information, whether a certain fiber position of the information representation of the signal value vibrate sometime;To the letter
Number state diagram carries out image preprocessing, extracts the shape information of the signal condition figure after image preprocessing, the shape
Shape information be oscillation point quantity, the angle of oscillation point wire length, oscillation point line and reference axis, to the shape information into
Row classification, to determine the model of vibration of optical fiber.
Wherein, signal condition figure is thermodynamic chart, wherein the pixel value in thermodynamic chart is for characterizing several optical fiber positions of optical fiber
Set the information in several temporal signal values.
Wherein, the method for image preprocessing includes one of cluster, binaryzation, burn into expansion.
It wherein, include Bayesian Classification Arithmetic to the method that shape information is classified, decision Tree algorithms, in SVM algorithm
One kind.
Wherein, fiber optic telecommunications number are digital electric signal;Wherein, digital electric signal is converted by analog electrical signal,
Analog electrical signal is converted to by the optical signal of fiber reflection.
Wherein, further includes: the distance between fiber position and optical fiber starting point are calculated according to formula L=(c*T/n)/2;Its
In, c is the speed of light in a vacuum, and T is time span of the fiber position in fiber optic telecommunications number, and n is the refractive index of optical fiber.
In order to solve the above technical problems, another technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of optical fiber prior-warning device is provided,
The device includes: sampling module, for obtaining in fiber optic telecommunications number and corresponding to several optical fiber positions when receiving fiber optic telecommunications
Set the signal value in several times;Wherein, fiber optic telecommunications number are converted to by the optical signal of fiber reflection;Figure is established
Module, if the first reference axis, time being that the second reference axis, fiber position exist at a distance from optical fiber starting point with fiber position for being
Dry temporal signal value is that third reference axis establishes signal condition figure;Wherein, signal condition figure is several for characterizing optical fiber
A fiber position is in the information of several temporal signal values, and a certain fiber position of the information representation of the signal value is a certain
Whether the time is vibrated;Model determining module is extracted and is located in advance by image for carrying out image preprocessing to the signal condition figure
The shape information of the signal condition figure after reason, the shape information are the quantity in oscillation point, oscillation point wire length, vibration
The angle of point line and reference axis, classifies to the shape information, to determine the model of vibration of optical fiber;Warning module is used
In when model of vibration meets preset condition, issue warning signal.
In order to solve the above technical problems, another technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of optical fiber early warning system is provided,
The system includes signal receiving/transmission device, photoelectric conversion device, analog-digital commutator and optical fiber prior-warning device;Signal transmitting and receiving dress
It sets, for inputting the second optical signal that the first optical signal and the first optical signal of acquisition reflect in a fiber from optical fiber starting point;
Photoelectric conversion device, for converting analog electrical signal for the second optical signal;Digiverter, for turning analog electrical signal
Turn to digital electric signal;Optical fiber prior-warning device is optical fiber prior-warning device as above.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: being in contrast to the prior art, the present invention passes through the fiber reflection that will be obtained
Signal data draws signal condition figure, increases the dimension of the fiber data of passback to enrich the information content of return data, intuitively
The different fiber positions of embodiment in the Vibration Condition of different time, be conducive to the identification and discrimination that improve model, quickly essence
True judgement oscillatory type.
Specific embodiment
Refering to fig. 1, fiber-optic vibration model of the present invention determines the flow diagram of one embodiment of method, this method comprises:
S11: it when receiving fiber optic telecommunications, obtains in fiber optic telecommunications number and corresponds to several fiber positions at several
Between signal value;Wherein, fiber optic telecommunications number are converted to by the optical signal of fiber reflection.
Optionally, the optical signal of fiber reflection is the first optical signal for being passed through from optical fiber starting point each position warp in a fiber
Cross Rayleigh scattering formation and reflection the second optical signal.
Optionally, fiber optic telecommunications number are digital electric signal;Wherein, digital electric signal is to convert to obtain by analog electrical signal
, analog electrical signal is converted to by the optical signal of fiber reflection.Due to the optical signal of backscattering and its faint, and its
Noise is smaller, and difficulty is larger during to optical signal prosessing, precision is smaller, therefore converts optical signal into analog telecommunications
Number be convenient for signal processing.Here it can be converted by general photoelectric converter, such as APD (Avalanche Photo
Diode, avalanche photodide) etc..
Optionally, analog-digital converter can be used by analog electrical signal being converted to digital electric signal.
Optionally, the first optical signal is the pulsed optical signals being continuously passed through, after being passed through the first optical signal, in optical fiber starting point
Constantly the second optical signal of reflection is sampled, digital electric signal is then obtained by photoelectric conversion and analog-to-digital conversion.Example
Such as, the first optical signal is the optical signal that pulse width is 10ns, according to formula L=(c*T/n)/2, it is assumed that take light velocity c=3*
108M/s, T=10ns, n=1.5, then L=1m, as soon as that is, every 1 meter of optical fiber can get a signal value, then every 1ms
Optical fiber starting point can be sampled to obtain to totally 100000 signal values at 100 kilometers of optical fiber.
Further, next 1ms can just obtain the signal from optical fiber origin-to-destination totally 100000 positions again, in this way,
The same position will obtain a signal value in every 1ms, it can obtain the signal value of the every 1ms of target fiber position.
S12: be the first reference axis, time at a distance from optical fiber starting point with fiber position being that the second reference axis establishes signal shape
State figure;Wherein, signal condition figure is for characterizing several fiber positions of optical fiber in the information of several temporal signal values.
Optionally, can also include: before S12 according to formula L=(c*T/n)/2 calculate fiber position and optical fiber starting point it
Between distance;Wherein, c is the speed of light in a vacuum, and T is time span of the fiber position in fiber optic telecommunications number, that is, is received
To the time span of the second optical signal, n is the refractive index of optical fiber.
Referring to Fig.2, fiber-optic vibration model determines the signal condition figure of one embodiment of method.
Optionally, Fig. 2 is by taking plane cartesian coordinate system as an example, wherein X-axis indicates that the first reference axis, Y-axis indicate that second sits
Parameter.
Wherein, the information of signal value can be whether a certain fiber position of characterization is vibrated sometime.For example, can set
As soon as setting threshold value, a certain fiber position is greater than the threshold value in signal value sometime and draws in the corresponding position of signal condition figure
One point, vibrates to indicate.
S13: the model of vibration of optical fiber is determined according to signal condition figure.
Referring again to Fig. 2, from figure 2 it can be seen that the 3rd second vibrates at the 1st meter, the 2nd meter of place's vibration in the 4th second is not examined on the 5th second
Vibration is measured ... the 10th second to vibrate at the 8th meter;Since within 3-10 seconds time, continuous shaking at 1-8 meters in optical fiber can be with class
The model passed through than heavy vehicle.
Wherein, S13 can be specifically included:
S131: image preprocessing is carried out to signal condition figure.
Wherein, the method for image preprocessing includes one of cluster, binaryzation, burn into expansion.
Cluster: the process that the set of physics or abstract object is divided into the multiple classes being made of similar object is referred to as poly-
Class.By clustering the set that cluster generated is one group of data object, these objects and the object in the same cluster are similar to each other, with
Object in other clusters is different." Things of a kind come together ", in natural science and social science, there is a large amount of point
Class problem.Clustering is also known as cluster analysis, it is a kind of statistical analysis technique for studying (sample or index) classification problem.Cluster
Analysis originates from taxology, but clusters not equal to classification.It clusters and is with the difference of classification, clustering the required class divided is
Unknown.Clustering content is very rich, there is hierarchical clustering method, Means of Clustering Ordered Sample, dynamic state clustering, fuzzy clustering
Method, graph theory clustering method, cluster method of prediction etc..
Binaryzation: the binaryzation of image exactly sets 0 or 255 for the gray value of the pixel on image, that is, will
Whole image, which shows, significantly only has black and white visual effect.
Corrosion: corrosion is mainly used for removing certain parts of image in morphology.
Expansion: before operation, A, B are respectively two regions, and the stain in B is the center of B, are equivalent to after operation in B
The heart takes a round on the boundary of A, and the region that the boundary of B is inswept is plus the result that the region of A itself is exactly that A expands B.
S132: the shape information of the signal condition figure after image preprocessing is extracted.
Shape information can be the quantity in oscillation point, oscillation point wire length, oscillation point line and angle of reference axis etc.
Deng.
S133: classifying to shape information, to determine the model of vibration of optical fiber.
It wherein, include Bayesian Classification Arithmetic to the method that shape information is classified, decision Tree algorithms, in SVM algorithm
One kind.
By above-mentioned image preprocessing and classification processing, obtained model and preset model can be compared,
Or whether the model judged by classification method and preset model are a kind of, to judge the type of vibration.
It is different from the prior art, present embodiment is by drawing signal condition for the signal data of obtained fiber reflection
Figure, increases the dimension of the fiber data of passback to enrich the information content of return data, intuitively embodies different fiber positions not
With the Vibration Condition of time, is conducive to the identification and discrimination that improve model, quickly accurately judges oscillatory type.
It is determined in another embodiment of method in fiber-optic vibration model of the present invention, S12 replacement are as follows: with fiber position and optical fiber
The distance of starting point is the first reference axis, the time be the second reference axis, fiber position in several temporal signal values is third
Reference axis establishes signal condition figure.
Optionally, signal condition figure is thermodynamic chart, wherein the pixel value in thermodynamic chart is for characterizing several optical fiber of optical fiber
Information of the position in several temporal signal values.
Refering to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the first reference axis (horizontal axis) expression fiber position is at a distance from optical fiber starting point, the second reference axis
(longitudinal axis) indicates the time, and third reference axis (gray value) indicates the intensity of signal value, that is, the amplitude size vibrated, and gray value is got over
Height vibrates stronger.In practical applications, colored thermodynamic chart can also be used, for example, red indicate that signal value intensity is big,
Blue indicates that signal value intensity is small.
It can be seen from the figure that Fig. 3 is similar with Fig. 2, as time increases, continuous multiple fiber positions occur stronger
Strong vibration, it is believed that be that heavy vehicle passes through;In Fig. 4, as time increases, same fiber position occur continuously compared with
Strong vibration, it is believed that caused by being artificial mechanism excavation etc..
Refering to Fig. 5, the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of optical fiber prior-warning device of the present invention, which includes:
Sampling module 51, for obtaining in fiber optic telecommunications number and corresponding to several optical fiber positions when receiving fiber optic telecommunications
Set the signal value in several times;Wherein, fiber optic telecommunications number are converted to by the optical signal of fiber reflection.
Figure establishes module 52, for being the first reference axis, time second at a distance from optical fiber starting point with fiber position
Reference axis establishes signal condition figure;Wherein, signal condition figure is for characterizing optical fiber several fiber positions in several times
Signal value information.
Model determining module 53, for determining the model of vibration of optical fiber according to signal condition figure.
Warning module 54, for issuing warning signal when model of vibration meets preset condition.
Optionally, warning module 54 can be flash lamp, loudspeaker or display screen etc. by light, sound or character image
Make the module of early warning.
Optionally, in other embodiments:
Figure establishes module 52, is also used to be the first reference axis, time at a distance from optical fiber starting point with fiber position
Two reference axis establish signal condition figure, comprising: with fiber position are the first reference axis, time second at a distance from optical fiber starting point
Reference axis, fiber position are that third reference axis establishes signal condition figure in several temporal signal values.
Specifically, signal condition figure is thermodynamic chart, wherein the pixel value in thermodynamic chart is for characterizing several optical fiber of optical fiber
Information of the position in several temporal signal values.
Refering to Fig. 6, the structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of optical fiber prior-warning device of the present invention, the device 60 includes processor
61, memory 62, input unit 63 and output device 64.Wherein, processor 61, memory 62, input unit 63 and defeated
Device 64 may each be one or more out, and in Fig. 6 only for one, they can be connected by bus.
Memory 62 is for storage system program, operation program or some necessary datas etc..
Processor 61 is for executing following steps:
When receiving fiber optic telecommunications, obtains in fiber optic telecommunications number and correspond to several fiber positions in several times
Signal value;Wherein, fiber optic telecommunications number are converted to by the optical signal of fiber reflection;With fiber position and optical fiber starting point away from
From being that the second reference axis establishes signal condition figure for the first reference axis, time;Wherein, signal condition figure is several for characterizing optical fiber
Information of a fiber position in several temporal signal values;The model of vibration of optical fiber is determined according to signal condition figure.
Optionally, being at a distance from optical fiber starting point with fiber position the first reference axis, time is that the second reference axis establishes letter
Number state diagram, comprising: be the first reference axis, time at a distance from optical fiber starting point with fiber position be the second reference axis, optical fiber position
Setting in several temporal signal values is that third reference axis establishes signal condition figure.
Wherein, signal condition figure is thermodynamic chart, wherein the pixel value in thermodynamic chart is for characterizing several optical fiber positions of optical fiber
Set the information in several temporal signal values.
Optionally, the model of vibration that optical fiber is determined according to signal condition figure, specifically includes: carrying out image to signal condition figure
Pretreatment;Extract the shape information of the signal condition figure after image preprocessing;Classify to shape information, to determine light
Fine model of vibration.
In several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that disclosed method and device, Ke Yitong
Other modes are crossed to realize.For example, device embodiments described above are only schematical, for example, the module or
The division of unit, only a kind of logical function partition, there may be another division manner in actual implementation, such as multiple units
Or component can be combined or can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
The unit as illustrated by the separation member may or may not be physically separated, aobvious as unit
The component shown may or may not be physical unit, it can and it is in one place, or may be distributed over multiple
In network unit.Some or all of unit therein can be selected to realize present embodiment scheme according to the actual needs
Purpose.
In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention can integrate in one processing unit, it can also
To be that each unit physically exists alone, can also be integrated in one unit with two or more units.It is above-mentioned integrated
Unit both can take the form of hardware realization, can also realize in the form of software functional units.
If the integrated unit in above-mentioned other embodiments is realized in the form of SFU software functional unit and as independence
Product when selling or using, can store in a computer readable storage medium.Based on this understanding, of the invention
Technical solution substantially all or part of the part that contributes to existing technology or the technical solution can be in other words
It is expressed in the form of software products, which is stored in a storage medium, including some instructions are used
So that a computer equipment (can be personal computer, server or the network equipment etc.) or processor
(processor) all or part of the steps of each embodiment the method for the present invention is executed.And storage medium packet above-mentioned
It includes: USB flash disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random
Access Memory), the various media that can store program code such as magnetic or disk.
Refering to Fig. 7, the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of optical fiber early warning system of the present invention, the system includes signal transmitting and receiving dress
71 are set, photoelectric conversion device 72, analog-digital commutator 73 and optical fiber prior-warning device 74.
Signal receiving/transmission device 71 is used to input the first optical signal from optical fiber starting point and the first optical signal of acquisition is anti-in a fiber
The second optical signal penetrated.
Photoelectric conversion device 72, for converting analog electrical signal for the second optical signal.
Digiverter 73, for converting digital electric signal for analog electrical signal.
Optical fiber prior-warning device 74 is the optical fiber prior-warning device mentioned in each embodiment as above, and embodiments thereof are similar,
Which is not described herein again.
Mode the above is only the implementation of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, all to utilize this
Equivalent structure or equivalent flow shift made by description of the invention and accompanying drawing content, it is relevant to be applied directly or indirectly in other
Technical field is included within the scope of the present invention.