CN105698647B - A kind of involute gear transverse tooth thickness rapid measurement device - Google Patents

A kind of involute gear transverse tooth thickness rapid measurement device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105698647B
CN105698647B CN201610171715.2A CN201610171715A CN105698647B CN 105698647 B CN105698647 B CN 105698647B CN 201610171715 A CN201610171715 A CN 201610171715A CN 105698647 B CN105698647 B CN 105698647B
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gear
shell
tooth thickness
angle sensor
transverse tooth
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CN105698647A (en
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徐瀚
王战强
符嘉靖
陆堰龙
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CRRC Qishuyan Institute Co Ltd
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CRRC Qishuyan Institute Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B5/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
    • G01B5/02Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
    • G01B5/06Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of involute gear transverse tooth thickness rapid measurement devices, belong to field of mechanical inspection and detection.The driving gear and angle sensor gear of gear drive connection are supported on the shell of the device;The driving gear with outer end there is the movable measuring rod of measurement head to be fixedly connected, and the side of the movable measuring rod accordingly disposes outer end to have the reference measure bar of measurement head, and the reference measure bar and shell are connected;Angle sensor gear corner collecting unit is also equipped on the shell, the signal output end of the collecting unit connects intelligent detecting module.When manipulation shell makes the measurement head of two measuring rod outer ends be respectively embedded into the corresponding tooth socket of gear under test, the corner for obtaining it relative to initial position changes, you can by the conversion of intelligent device, convenient quickly and is accurately obtained required transverse tooth thickness parameter.

Description

A kind of involute gear transverse tooth thickness rapid measurement device
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measuring device of gear tooth thickness, especially a kind of involute gear transverse tooth thickness quickly measures dress It sets, belongs to field of mechanical inspection and detection.
Background technology
The transverse tooth thickness value of involute gear is always one of gear parameter mostly important in design of gears, processing and mapping, The transverse tooth thickness value for how accurately measuring gear, is directly related to the stabilization of Gearmaking Technology and the quality of final product quality. In the processes such as the gear hobbing of gear volume manufacturing process, gear shaping, mill teeth, roll flute, if cannot quickly and effectively measure accurately Transverse tooth thickness value certainly will can all generate harmful effect to production efficiency and quality.
According to the applicant understood, for a long time, the most common tooth thickness measuring of medium accuracy gear be common normal measure and Across stick (ball) away from measurement.The advantages of both methods is that measuring principle is that theoretical error is not present in precise geometrical model, is measured Precision is high, and corresponding survey tool is also fairly simple convenient, therefore is generally used.But it is found that common normal and across stick (ball) limitation all certain away from measurement:1. common normal is measured because the limitation of measuring principle cannot be used for the measurement of internal gear, right Can not be applicable in the short helical gear of the big facewidth of helical angle, in addition encounter large modulus or and the high gear of short tooth, due to that can not take Suitable measurement point is obtained it is even more impossible to measure, the above situation can only be used across stick (ball) away from measurement;2. being surveyed away from measurement across stick (ball) Require operating personnel to fix the length bar (ball) placed in two opposition tooth sockets manually when amount, at the same using length micrometer measure its across Stick (ball) is away from often a people is difficult operation, and needs two people's cooperations that could complete, and operating personnel have also needed accurate " hand in addition Sense ", can with feel to find across stick (ball) away from extreme value, so layman is difficult to ensure that measurement result is accurate.For dividing The prodigious ring gear of degree circle measures across stick (ball) away from needs by large-scale internal diameter length micrometer, generally requires more people and assist It can complete to measure, extremely inconvenient, the micrometer of appropriate length can not just not completed to measure.
For it is above-mentioned across stick (ball) away from limitation existing for measurement, presently mainly by auxiliary device and special measurement work Tool overcomes, mainly by mechanism fixed amount ball and measure across stick (ball) away from device.Such device no longer needs manually to help Positive length bar (ball), while micrometer is carried on device, the gear of particular size can be measured easily and fast.However it is real Trample proof, there are still some shortcomingss for these devices, first in view of across stick (ball) away from measuring principle, when gear compound graduation justify increase When big, required measuring device equally will also increase, and manufacturing cost is huge, hence it is evident that and it is uneconomical, so being only used for reference circle not Big gear is across stick (ball) away from measurement, and followed by measurement range has limitation and inside and outside tooth cannot be general;In addition these devices are logical It can only often be used in stationary applica-tions, need to move tested gear can just measure operation to specified measurement position, raw for batch For production, it is clear that time and effort consuming cannot function as the survey tool of production inspection and self-test.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to:Place in view of the deficiency of the prior art proposes a kind of suitable for including big mould The involute gear that all kinds of special involute gear transverse tooth thickness such as number, large helix angle, short tooth are wide, short tooth is high, large-scale ring gear measure Transverse tooth thickness rapid measurement device also relates to corresponding measurement method.
According to the mathematics geometrical relationship of involute gear can derive following transverse tooth thickness and arbitrary tooth socket span stick (ball) away from Mathematical relationship:
1) length bar (ball) and gear centre away from functional relation derive (illustrating with external gear, internal gear can similarly push away)
As shown in Figure 1, length bar (ball) is placed on diagram tooth slot position when measuring, and it is distributed and left and right face phase It cuts, according to geometrical relationship at this time, is not difficult to obtain length bar (ball) center length bar (ball) with gear centre away from ryCalculation formula:
ry=rb/cos(αy) can obtain:
αy=arccos (rb/ry) (1)
In formula, rbFor rolling circle radius, αyIt is gear in ryThe pressure angle at place.
It can also derive α simultaneouslyyCalculation formula:
invαy=μ+θc+ψ-π/z
=dk/db+s/d+invα-π/z (2)
=inv α+2*x*tan (α)/z+dk/db-π/(2*z) (3)
In above formula, μ was the involute and basic circle intersection point, gear centre, length bar (ball) and the right flank of tooth at length bar (ball) center Point of contact, the angle of line;θcFor involuted angle of the right flank of tooth involute at length bar (ball) and right flank of tooth point of contact;ψ is length bar (ball) With right flank of tooth point of contact, gear centre, tooth center line, the angle of line;Z is number of gear teeth;dkFor length bar (ball) diameter;dbFor tooth Take turns base circle diameter (BCD);S is reference circle transverse tooth thickness;D is reference diameter;α is that gear compound graduation justifies pressure angle;Infolute function inv α= tan(α)-α;X is Modification Coefficient of Gear.
Formula (1), which is substituted into formula (2), again to obtain:
inv(arccos(rb/ry))=dk/db+s/d+invα-π/z (4)
2) length bar (ball) and gear centre away from measuring and design
In practical measurement, only r in formula (4)yIt is unknown with transverse tooth thickness s, it can be seen that ryIt is function of a single variable relationship with transverse tooth thickness s, That is as long as r can be measured accuratelyyValue can determine transverse tooth thickness s according to this functional relation, therefore as shown in Fig. 2, place two length bars (ball) (in figure for convenience of illustrate across 3 teeth, in practice can it is across optional tooth number i), can be obtained according to geometrical principle in figure:
ry=L/ (2*sin (α 1/2)) (5)
L=2*L1*sin (α 2/2) (6)
Simultaneous (5), (6) two formulas can obtain
ry=L1*sin (α 2/2)/sin (α 1/2) (7)
In formula, L is two length bars (ball) centre-to-centre spacing, and α 1 is the angle at two length bars (ball) center and gear centre line, α 1= 2*i* π/z (i between two length bars (ball) institute across the number of teeth), L1 is the length of two measuring rod of measuring device, and α 2 is between two measuring rods Angle.It is not difficult to find out by formula (7), as long as α 2 can be measured, according to above-mentioned formula relationship, transverse tooth thickness value can also determine completely, institute Finally to determine that α 2 is the transverse tooth thickness value measured needed for measurement object can be accurately obtained conveniently by conversion.
It is derived based on the above geometrical relationship, in order to reach object above, the involute gear transverse tooth thickness that applicant proposes is quick Measuring device basic technical scheme is:The driving gear and angle that gear drive connection is supported including shell, on the shell pass Feel gear;The driving gear with outer end there is the movable measuring rod of measurement head to be fixedly connected, the side of the movable measuring rod There is the reference measure bar of measurement head, the reference measure bar to be connected with shell for corresponding placement outer end;It is also equipped on the shell Angle sensor gear corner collecting unit, the signal output end of the collecting unit connect intelligent detecting module.
So that the measurement head of two measuring rod outer ends is respectively embedded into the corresponding tooth socket of gear under test when manipulating shell, obtains its phase Corner variation for initial position, you can by the conversion of intelligent device, convenient quickly and be accurately obtained required tooth Thick parameter.
The present invention further improves, and the shell, which is also supported, to be engaged with angle sensor gear and have return trend Roll up a gear.Therefore, it can keep movable measuring rod that there is the trend for drawing close reference measure bar, eliminate that may be present nibble automatically Gap is closed, ensures measurement accuracy.
Further, the driving gear and angle sensor tooth that the shell inner support is sequentially connected by driven gear transition Wheel;The transmission ratio of the transmission ratio and the driven gear and angle sensor gear of the driving gear and driven gear is all higher than 1。
Further, the angle sensor gear is coaxially fixed with angular transducer.
Further, the angle sensor gear is engaged with a volume gear, and the volume gear face is equipped with volume spring.
Further, equipped with the capture card as corner collecting unit in the shell of the angular transducer side.
Further, the capture card side installation has the panel that input button and LED are shown.
Further, corner voltage signal is turned by A/D between the measuring rod that the capture card is got by angular transducer Mold changing block is converted to digital signal, is output in the PLC as intelligent detecting module.
Further, the shell has handle in the box-like of lower openings, top.
Further, the measurement head is measuring stick or measurement ball.
Description of the drawings
The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 be length bar (ball) with gear centre away from geometrical relationship schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the geometrical relationship schematic diagram of transverse tooth thickness and measurement angle.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram at another visual angle of Fig. 1 embodiments.
Fig. 5 is the schematic block circuit diagram of Fig. 1 embodiments.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram that Fig. 1 embodiments are applied to that external gear transverse tooth thickness measures.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram that Fig. 1 embodiments are applied to that internal gear transverse tooth thickness measures.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment one
The involute gear transverse tooth thickness rapid measurement device of the present embodiment is as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the box-like shell of lower openings 13 tops have handle 12.The driving gear 4 and angle sensor tooth that 13 inner support of shell is sequentially connected by 5 transition of driven gear Wheel 6, driving gear 4 is engaged with 5 small sideshake of driven gear and transmission ratio is i1, driven gear 5 with end plate angle sensor 6 small sideshake of gear engages and transmission ratio is i2, angle sensor gear 6 is coaxial fixed with angular transducer 9, therefore driving gear 4 Rotational angle be exaggerated i when being transmitted to angular transducer 9 by gear drive1*i2(the present embodiment is 2*2 times) again.
Driving gear 4 with outer end there is the movable measuring rod 3 of measuring stick (or ball) 1 to be fixedly and coaxially connected, movable measuring rod 3 Side placement outer end have measuring stick (or ball) 1 ' reference measure bar 2, isometrical, two measuring rods of two measuring sticks (or ball) etc. Long, movable measuring rod 3 can be rotated around the wheel shaft of driving gear 4 relative to the reference measure bar 2 being fixed on shell 13, practical to survey Angle when amount between two measuring rods is above-mentioned 2 jiaos of α, and dotted line position is to measure initial dead-center position in Fig. 3, and at this time two The angle of measuring rod is definite value.Since driving gear 4 and movable measuring rod 3 are fixedly and coaxially connected, Gu movable measuring rod 3 with its Angle when dotted line position is the rotational angle of driving gear 4.
In addition, angle sensor gear 6 is also engaged with volume gear 7, which is equipped with a roll of spring 8, should It is micro- tightening state when movable measuring rod 3 is in the zero-bit of Fig. 3 dotted lines to roll up a spring 8, is rotated when movable measuring rod 3 measures When, volume gear 7 will also rotate simultaneously, and volume spring 8 is further tightened, and act on the reactive torque on volume gear 7 Also it gradually increases, so that all gears obtain reactive torque, it is ensured that unilateral side flank engagement between each other eliminates gear side Gap ensure that the stability and accuracy of measurement, while the presence of reactive torque also makes movable measuring rod 3 always and has to ginseng The return trend that measuring rod 2 is drawn close is examined, the Automatic-clamping of measuring stick (ball) in measurement process is realized, is conveniently operated, and further It ensure that the stabilization, accurate of measurement.
Capture card 10 is housed, to constitute the corner acquisition of angle sensor gear 6 in the shell 13 of 9 side of angular transducer Unit.10 side of capture card is also installed by the panel 11 shown with input button and LED.The present embodiment selects the bright angles M4500 of rice Sensor is spent, effective travel is 0-355 °, linear precision ± 0.075%, 0.007 ° of repeatable accuracy.Due to measuring rod brachium L1 It is set as 100mm, transverse tooth thickness measurement error is less than caused by deducing angular transducer repeatable accuracy according to geometric formula 0.002mm can meet measurement accuracy requirement completely.
As shown in figure 5, corner voltage signal passes through A/D between the measuring rod that capture card 10 is got by angular transducer 9 Conversion module is converted to digital signal, is output in the PLC as intelligent detecting module, and the key-press input of PLC and display export Port junction plate 11.
When measurement, movable measuring rod 3 and reference measure bar 2 are drawn close first, after two measuring sticks (or ball) contact with each other Press the zero-bit key on lower panel 11.LED show values are zeroed on panel 11 at this time, are inputted by digital keys and are tested the basic of gear Parameter and after pressing acknowledgement key, PLC obtains the initializaing variable value of gear.With reference to Fig. 6 or Fig. 7, as one sees fit according to input across the number of teeth Two length bars (ball) are respectively placed in corresponding tooth socket, and hold handle 12 to tooth socket direction gentle force, two length bars (ball) are equal With can (helical gear will ensure that Liang Liang ball center line is vertical with the holding of increment face) after the left and right face of tooth socket.It crosses herein Cheng Zhong, movable measuring rod 3 and the angle of reference measure bar 2 are transmitted by gear drive and are amplified in angular transducer 9, Angular transducer 9 by capture card 10 will angle voltage force value obtain after be converted to electric signal and pass to PLC, PLC then bases This angle value calculates the measurement results such as gear tooth thickness value, common normal with preset calculating function, aobvious by the LED on panel 11 Show device real-time display.
Practice have shown that can easily realize that gear tooth thickness quick and precisely measures using the transverse tooth thickness measuring device of the present embodiment, And measuring device measures (distance over bar measurement etc.) to the harshness of operating personnel's feel with heart function is made by oneself, without traditional transverse tooth thickness It is required that theoretical error is not present, the transverse tooth thickness for being suitable for all kinds of internal tooths and external tooth measures, and is particularly well suited to the survey of large-scale ring gear Amount, in addition can be by replacing the length bar of different size and measuring ball, and the spur gear and helical gear transverse tooth thickness for meeting all kinds of moduluses are surveyed Amount.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiment.It is all to use equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation shape At technical solution, fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of involute gear transverse tooth thickness rapid measurement device, including shell, it is characterised in that:Gear is supported to pass on the shell The driving gear and angle sensor gear of dynamic connection;The driving gear with outer end there is the movable measuring rod of measurement head to fix company It connects, the side of the movable measuring rod accordingly disposes reference measure bar of the outer end with measurement head, the reference measure bar and shell Body is connected;Angle sensor gear corner collecting unit is also equipped on the shell, the signal output end of the collecting unit connects intelligence It can measurement module;The shell also supports the volume bar gear engaged with angle sensor gear and with return trend;The shell The driving gear and angle sensor gear that inner support is sequentially connected by driven gear transition;The driving gear and driven gear Transmission ratio and the transmission ratio of the driven gear and angle sensor gear be all higher than 1;The angle sensor gear and angle Sensor is coaxially fixed;The angle sensor gear is engaged with a volume gear, and the volume gear face is equipped with volume spring.
2. involute gear transverse tooth thickness rapid measurement device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The angular transducer Equipped with the capture card as corner collecting unit in the shell of side.
3. involute gear transverse tooth thickness rapid measurement device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:The capture card side The panel that there is input button and LED to show is installed.
4. involute gear transverse tooth thickness rapid measurement device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:The capture card passes through Corner voltage signal is converted to digital signal by A/D conversion modules between the measuring rod that angular transducer is got, and is output to work For in the PLC of intelligent detecting module.
5. involute gear transverse tooth thickness rapid measurement device according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:The shell is in lower part What is be open is box-like, and top has handle.
6. involute gear transverse tooth thickness rapid measurement device according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:The measurement head is to survey Length bar measures ball.
CN201610171715.2A 2016-03-24 2016-03-24 A kind of involute gear transverse tooth thickness rapid measurement device Active CN105698647B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107631678B (en) * 2017-08-25 2019-07-02 安徽申德精密机械有限公司 A kind of gear distance over bar measuring device

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5513442A (en) * 1994-11-22 1996-05-07 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Apparatus for inspecting a gear
CN1504720A (en) * 2002-12-04 2004-06-16 ���µ�����ҵ��ʽ���� Detecting apparatus for angle of rotation
CN202115201U (en) * 2011-05-26 2012-01-18 上海市格致初级中学 Compass capable of display degree of angle
CN202442663U (en) * 2012-02-22 2012-09-19 桂林市晶瑞传感技术有限公司 Digital display angle snap gauge
CN203385390U (en) * 2013-08-16 2014-01-08 李学峰 Transmission monitoring device for rotating shaft
CN205580341U (en) * 2016-03-24 2016-09-14 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 Quick measuring device of involute gear tooth thickness

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5513442A (en) * 1994-11-22 1996-05-07 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Apparatus for inspecting a gear
CN1504720A (en) * 2002-12-04 2004-06-16 ���µ�����ҵ��ʽ���� Detecting apparatus for angle of rotation
CN202115201U (en) * 2011-05-26 2012-01-18 上海市格致初级中学 Compass capable of display degree of angle
CN202442663U (en) * 2012-02-22 2012-09-19 桂林市晶瑞传感技术有限公司 Digital display angle snap gauge
CN203385390U (en) * 2013-08-16 2014-01-08 李学峰 Transmission monitoring device for rotating shaft
CN205580341U (en) * 2016-03-24 2016-09-14 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 Quick measuring device of involute gear tooth thickness

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Address after: 213011 258 Wuyi Road, Changzhou, Jiangsu

Patentee after: CRRC Qishuyan Locomotive and Rolling Stock Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd.

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Address before: 213011 258 Wuyi Road, Changzhou, Jiangsu

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