CN105695919B - A kind of processing method improving refractory metal article emissivity - Google Patents
A kind of processing method improving refractory metal article emissivity Download PDFInfo
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- CN105695919B CN105695919B CN201410710772.4A CN201410710772A CN105695919B CN 105695919 B CN105695919 B CN 105695919B CN 201410710772 A CN201410710772 A CN 201410710772A CN 105695919 B CN105695919 B CN 105695919B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to surface of metal product process fields, more particularly to a kind of processing method improving refractory metal article emissivity, this method carries out plasma spray coating processing and heat treatment by the surface of pretreated refractory metal basal body material, improves the emissivity of refractory metal article.The present invention makes metal matrix material have good combination with metal coating, and the emissivity of material can be improved；Product after spraying is heat-treated, eliminates internal stress, and further increase coating adhesion.It acts synergistically between each step, and selects parameter appropriate, improve product quality jointly：Refractory metal article emissivity is improved, the binding force between coating and matrix is strengthened.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to surface of metal product process field, more particularly to a kind of place for improving refractory metal article emissivity
Reason method, this method are carried out by the surface of pretreated refractory metal basal body material at plasma spray coating processing and heat
Reason, improves the emissivity of refractory metal article.
Background technology
Refractory metal article surface is handled, the emissivity of refractory metal article can be increased.It is this that treated
Refractory metal article as generate heat or heat absorption purposes when, have relatively handle before higher efficiency.
Heat claims from one object of space to a part for another object or same object to the transmittance process of another part
For heat transfer or heat exchange.Heat is always transmitted from the high part of temperature to the low part of temperature.The mode of heat exchange is very multiple
It is miscellaneous, generally it is classified as three kinds of citation forms, i.e. heat transfer, convection heat transfer and radiation heat transfer.Radiation heat transfer refers to not being in contact
Two articles between, in the form of radiated wave propagate heat process.As long as object temperature is more than thermodynamic temperature zero degree, object is total
Be by a part for itself thermal energy in the form of radiated wave to ambient radiation.For most solid material, within the unit interval
It is to the heat of space radiation：
In formula：C0The radiation coefficient of absolute black body；ε：Emissivity；F：Body surface area；T：Body surface thermodynamic temperature.
It can be seen that, hot-fluid is directly proportional to the surface area of object, temperature and emissivity from formula.Emissivity refers to object
Radianting capacity is known as the emissivity or blackness of the object with the ratio between radianting capacity of black matrix at identical temperature, also becomes than radiation
Rate.The emissivity of object is not only related to material category, also has much relations with the surface state of material.The transmitting of metal material
Rate increases with the rising of surface temperature, and the emissivity of nonmetallic materials is usually to reduce with the rising of surface temperature.Gold
The emissivity for belonging to material is more much smaller than nonmetallic materials.For refractory metal, emissivity when room temperature is generally on 0.1 left side
It is right.
The currently used mode for improving surface of metal product emissivity mainly has：Mechanical processing, chemical etching and increase
Coating.
The surface of material is handled by mechanical processing, such as the modes such as polishing, sandblasting, rolling.Mechanical processing
Major defect is that increase effect is unstable, it is difficult to reach lot stability, and the increased effect of emissivity is very limited,
Unobvious are acted under high temperature.
Chemical etching then uses the strong corrosive agent such as inorganic acid to be surface-treated material.Such as：Chinese patent application
" for improve material emissivity system and method " (application number：200480043268.8), it describes one kind and is used for improving
The system and method for the emissivity of solid material carry out mechanical treatment to the surface of the material first, to form micro-defects,
Then it is etched, to form deep miniature rough surface structure.In this way, when these improved materials are used for
When heating element, higher efficiency and lower energy consumption can be obtained.Therefore the improved heating manufactured according to this method
Element can be operated, be had a longer life expectancy when for various heating devices at a lower temperature.Due to refractory metal
Generally have good corrosion resistance, therefore for do chemical etching corrosive agent general toxicity it is stronger, environmental pollution compared with
It is serious.In addition inorganic acid etch at normal temperatures relatively slowly, in order to accelerate reaction carry out, the strong mixed acid of generally use or add
Hot acid liquid promotes reaction to carry out, this has been further exacerbated by the generation of environmental pollution, and after the etch is completed, the processing of waste liquid also can be right
Environmental problem causes serious challenge.
The common mode for increasing coating is to utilize the coatings one such as adhesive, spraying or vapor deposition in outer surface
The dissimilar material of floor height emissivity.Such as by with high emissivity ceramic material or organic matter spray or be screen-printed to base
Above body material.Chinese patent application " high-emissivity ceramic paint " (application number：92107317.8), describe a kind of high emission
Rate ceramic coating (energy-saving infrared coating) by after the powders mixing such as MnO2, Co2O3, CuO, CeO and Fe2O3 by reaction-sintered 1
~2 hours, crushing was finely ground to 320 mesh granularity below, can be applied securely using specialty inorganic water based adhesive and special process
It applies on metallic matrix, solves the bonding difficult point of coating and metallic matrix.This coating is widely used in machinery, chemical industry, light textile
Deng the heating element of industry, energy-saving efficient infrared electric resistance is such as made and can save energy 30~50%, is also widely used in aerospace
High-temperature heating component in field reduces thermal stress, elongate member service life.This mode at a lower temperature can be convenient
Improve the emissivity of material.It is noted that these ceramics or organic matter are easy to discharge centainly other at a higher temperature
Substance.And semiconductor or medicine etc. require the field of high-purity then strictly to forbid the generation of such phenomenon, therefore pass through matrix table
The application range that face coating dissimilar material increases emissivity is just subject to certain restrictions.The binding force of this external coating and basis material
Also weaker, the main reason for this binding force is weak, is the coefficient of thermal expansion between matrix and coating and differs, this expansion
The difference of coefficient leads to coating and matrix, and bad student's internal stress leads to coating failure at high temperature.Even if at a lower temperature, frequency
The strong temperature change of Fanji Opera also results in the failure of coating.
Plasma spraying belongs to plasma spray technology, it be by dusty material be sent into plasma (radio frequency discharge) or wait from
In sub- jet stream (direct-current arc), after so that powder particle accelerated wherein, melted or part fusing, under the action of impact force,
It is sprawled in substrate and solidifies to form synusia, and then form a kind of processing technology of coating by synusia lamination.There is production to imitate for it
Rate is high, and the coating quality of preparation is good, and the material ranges of spraying are wide, it is at low cost the advantages that.Therefore, in current scientific research and practice
Need a kind of method of the raising refractory metal emissivity in the way of plasma spraying.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of processing method improving refractory metal article emissivity, and this method passes through pretreated difficulty
The surface of molten metal matrix material carries out plasma spray coating processing and heat treatment, improves the emissivity of refractory metal article.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of processing method improving refractory metal article emissivity, includes the following steps：
Plasma spraying step：To carrying out plasma spray coating by the surface of pretreated refractory metal basal body material
Processing, the refractory metal article after being sprayed；
Heat treatment step：Refractory metal basal body material after the spraying is heat-treated, the difficulty after being heat-treated
Molten metal product.
Further, the refractory metal basal body material is the gold containing one or more elements in tungsten, molybdenum, rhenium, tantalum
Belong to basis material.
Further, the pretreatment includes that the surface of the refractory metal basal body material is started the cleaning processing and sprayed
Sand processing.
Further, the cleaning treatment, including physical cleaning processing and/or chemical cleaning processing.
Further, the blasting treatment, using corundum as blast media, mesh number is 10~150 mesh, pressure 0.1
~1.5MPa, sandblasting distance are 5~60cm, angle is 5~90 °；Preferably, mesh number be 20~120 mesh, pressure be 0.2~
1.0MPa, sandblasting distance are 10~50cm, angle is 10~80 °.
Further, in plasma spray coating processing, the plasma spray coating metal powder that uses for：Can with institute
State the refractory metal powder that refractory metal basal body material forms certain solid solubility.
Further, in the plasma spray coating processing, the plasma spray coating metal powder used is with the difficulty
The identical refractory metal powder of material of molten metal matrix material, and/or formed with the material of the refractory metal basal body material
The refractory metal alloy powder to dissolve each other.
Further, in plasma spray coating processing, the granularity of the plasma spray coating metal powder used for
1.0-30 microns, preferably 3.5-20 microns.
Further, in the plasma spray coating processing, 10~80KW of arc power, main 10~80L/ of gas flow
Min, 5~50cm of distance, 10~90 ° of angle, 3~30g/min of powder feeding rate, coating layer thickness are 0.1~1.0mm；Preferably, electric
20~60KW of arc power, main 20~50L/min of gas flow, 10~30cm of distance, 30~90 ° of angle, 5~25g/ of powder feeding rate
Min, coating layer thickness are 0.1~0.5mm.
Further, the heat treatment carries out under reduction or inert atmosphere protection, and temperature is 1000-2500 DEG C, the time
It is 3-8 hours；Preferably, temperature is 1500-2100 DEG C, and the time is 4-6 hours.
The schematic diagram of Fig. 1 processing methods.As shown in Figure 1, according to specific requirement difference, to select suitable refractory metal
Basis material 1, and suitable spray metal powder 2 is selected according to refractory metal basal body material 1；To refractory metal basal body material 1
It is cleaned first, removes the pollutions such as surface and oil contaminant and oxide；Then 1 surface of refractory metal basal body material is carried out at sandblasting
Reason, makes it lose wet look, entire surface open ash discharge coloured light pool to be sprayed；Refractory metal basal body material 1 is carried out clearly again
It washes, washes off dust and greasy dirt；It will be sprayed using the mode of plasma spray coating on clean 1 surface of refractory metal basal body material
Metal powder 2 is coated uniformly on the surface of basis material 1, to obtain the refractory metal article 3 of coating；Material is carried
The refractory metal article 3 of coating is heat-treated, and eliminates internal stress and basis material and coating is made to have better mutual solubility, carry
The refractory metal article 3 of coating is not only tightly combined between coating and matrix, but also has higher emissivity.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
1, the present invention is before carrying out plasma spray coating, it is necessary first to pre-process, wrap to refractory metal article surface
Cleaning surface to be sprayed is included, corresponding measure is taken to increase surface adhesion force etc., followed by plasma spray coating processing, so
Make metal matrix material that there is good combination with metal coating.
2, the method for using plasma spraying of the present invention carries out coating processing to refractory metal article surface, so can carry
The emissivity of high material；This treated product has preferable electric conversion efficiency when as heater, as
When heat-absorbing material, absorption efficiency is also largely increased.
3, the present invention is heat-treated the product after spraying, eliminates internal stress, and further increase coating adhesion.
4, it acts synergistically between each step of the invention, and selects parameter appropriate, improve product quality jointly：It improves
Refractory metal article emissivity, strengthens the binding force between coating and matrix.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic that the present invention improves material emissivity.
Fig. 2 is the dusty spray microscopic appearance figure used in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 3 is the microstructure morphology of 1 coating of embodiment prepared by the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
A kind of processing method improving refractory metal article emissivity, includes the following steps：
Step 1: pretreatment：The surface of refractory metal basal body material is started the cleaning processing, blasting treatment, drying and processing,
It obtains by pretreated refractory metal basal body material.
The refractory metal basal body material is the metal matrix material containing one or more elements in tungsten, molybdenum, rhenium, tantalum,
It can be can also be alloy of these metal materials, such as W-Re, molybdenum-rhenium etc. for refractory metal materials such as tungsten, molybdenum, rhenium, tantalums
Alloy material；Its thickness be 0.5-2.5mm (for example, can be 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 2.1mm,
Arbitrary or arbitrary range between the two in 2.2mm, 2.3mm, 2.4mm etc.), preferably 1-2mm (for example, can be 1.0mm,
Arbitrary or arbitrary range between the two in 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.5mm, 1.8mm, 2.0mm etc.)；
(1), cleaning treatment：Washing process is first carried out to the surface of refractory metal basal body material, washes off dust；Object is carried out again
Manage cleaning treatment：Surface contaminants are removed with the methods of normal temperature high voltage hydraulic giant, high-pressure steam-cleaning or Dry ice cleaning；Finally changed
Learn cleaning treatment, the refractory metal basal body material after being cleaned；
In chemical cleaning processing, using inorganic acid alkali solution or fuse salt (such as the potassium nitrate of melting) or special work
Industry cleaning agent (such as BRULIN 815GD cleaning agents) cleans refractory metal basal body material, removes greasy dirt, the oxygen on its surface
The pollutants such as compound；Again with ionized water by refractory metal basal body material rinse 30 minutes it is above (for example, can for 30 minutes, 40
Minute, 50 minutes, 60 minutes, arbitrary in 90 minutes etc. or arbitrary range between the two, preferably 40 minutes), then dry up difficulty
Molten metal matrix material；
(2), blasting treatment：Using corundum as blast media, parameter is 10~150 mesh of mesh number (for example, can be 10
Arbitrary or arbitrary range between the two in mesh, 15 mesh, 125 mesh, 130 mesh, 135 mesh, 140 mesh, 145 mesh, 150 mesh etc.), pressure
0.1~1.5MPa is (for example, can be in 0.1MPa, 0.15MPa, 1.1MPa, 1.2MPa, 1.3MPa, 1.4MPa, 1.5MPa etc.
Arbitrary or arbitrary range between the two), 5~60cm of sandblasting distance be (for example, can be to appoint in 5cm, 8cm, 55cm, 60cm etc.
Meaning or arbitrary range between the two), 5~90 ° of angle be (for example, can be arbitrary or arbitrary in 5 °, 8 °, 85 °, 88 °, 90 ° etc.
Range between the two), sandblasting is carried out to the surface of the refractory metal basal body material after cleaning, obtains the refractory metal after sandblasting
Basis material；
Preferably, mesh number be 20~120 mesh (for example, can be 20 mesh, 25 mesh, 30 mesh, 40 mesh, 50 mesh, 60 mesh, 70 mesh,
Arbitrary or arbitrary range between the two in 80 mesh, 90 mesh, 100 mesh, 110 mesh, 120 mesh etc.), pressure be 0.2~1.0MPa (examples
Such as, can be to appoint in 0.2MPa, 0.3MPa, 0.4MPa, 0.5MPa, 0.6MPa, 0.7MPa, 0.8MPa, 0.9MPa, 1.0MPa etc.
Meaning or arbitrary range between the two), sandblasting distance be 10~50cm (for example, can be 10cm, 20cm, 30cm, 40cm,
Arbitrary or arbitrary range between the two in 45cm, 50cm etc.), angle be 10~80 ° (for example, can be 10 °, 20 °, 30 °,
Arbitrary or arbitrary range between the two in 40 °, 50 °, 60 °, 70 °, 80 ° etc.)；
In this step, uniform color is consistent everywhere for material surface when sandblasting, after sandblasting, is visible by naked eyes uneven area
Domain；
(3), drying and processing：Refractory metal basal body material after sandblasting a concentration of 5~20% (for example, can be 5%,
10%, arbitrary in 15%, 18%, 20% etc. or arbitrary range between the two impregnates 10 in hydrochloric acid solution preferably 10%)
~50 minutes (for example, can be it is arbitrary in 10 minutes, 20 minutes, 30 minutes, 40 minutes, 50 minutes etc. or it is arbitrary between the two
Range, preferably 30 minutes), with deionized water rinse not less than 20 minutes (for example, can be 20 minutes, 30 minutes, 40 points
Clock, 50 minutes, arbitrary in 60 minutes etc. or arbitrary range between the two, preferably 40 minutes), clean the spot of remained on surface
Or dust；Then at 80~150 DEG C (for example, can be it is arbitrary in 80 DEG C, 100 DEG C, 120 DEG C, 130 DEG C, 140 DEG C, 150 DEG C etc. or
Arbitrarily range between the two, preferably 120 DEG C), dry under nitrogen environment 2~10 hours (for example, can for 2 hours, it is 4 small
When, 6 hours, 8 hours, 9 hours, arbitrary in 10 hours etc. or arbitrary range between the two, preferably 4 hours), dried
Refractory metal basal body material afterwards as passes through pretreated refractory metal basal body material.
Step 2: plasma spray coating is handled：To by pretreated refractory metal basal body material surface using etc. from
Daughter spray metal powder carries out plasma spray coating processing, the refractory metal article after being sprayed；Infusibility after the spraying
Metal product includes body portion and coating part.
The spray metal powder is the refractory metal powder that certain solid solubility can be formed with refractory metal basal body material,
Including：Refractory metal powder (such as tungsten powder, molybdenum powder, rhenium powder, tantalum powder) identical with the material of refractory metal basal body material, and/or
The refractory metal alloy powder to dissolve each other is formed with the material of refractory metal basal body material；The granularity of the spray metal powder is 1.0-
30 microns (for example, can be 1.0 microns, 1.5 microns, 2 microns, 2.5 microns, 3 microns, 23 microns, 25 microns, 28 microns, 30
Arbitrary or arbitrary range between the two in micron etc.)；Preferably 3.5-20 microns (for example, can be 3.5 microns, 4 microns, 5
Micron, 8 microns, 10 microns, 12 microns, 14 microns, 16 microns, 18 microns, in 20 microns etc. it is arbitrary or it is arbitrary between the two
Range)；
In this step, according to the difference of pending material, select suitable metal powder as spray metal powder；If spray
The mobility of matel coated powder is poor, then needs to carry out granulation processing, improve the mobility of powder, suitable so as to follow-up thermal spraying
Profit carries out；These metal powders can be the metal powders such as tungsten, molybdenum, rhenium, tantalum or the alloy powder containing these metallic elements；Spray
Matel coated powder is typically chosen metal powder identical with basis material or can form the alloyed powder to dissolve each other with basis material
End；
In plasma spray coating processing, parameter is：10~80KW of arc power (for example, can be 10KW, 15KW,
Arbitrary or arbitrary range between the two in 65KW, 70KW, 75KW, 80KW etc.), main 10~80L/min of gas flow (for example,
Can be arbitrary in 10L/min, 15L/min, 55L/min, 60L/min, 65L/min, 70L/min, 75L/min, 80L/min etc.
Or arbitrary range between the two), 5~50cm of distance be (for example, can be in 5cm, 8cm, 35cm, 40cm, 45cm, 50cm etc.
Arbitrary or arbitrary range between the two), 10~90 ° of angle be (for example, can be arbitrary in 10 °, 15 °, 20 °, 25 ° etc. or appoint
Meaning range between the two), 3~30g/min of powder feeding rate be (for example, can be 3g/min, 4g/min, 26g/min, 27g/
Arbitrary or arbitrary range between the two in min, 28g/min, 29g/min, 30g/min etc.), coating layer thickness is 0.1~1.0mm
(for example, can be arbitrary in 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1.0mm etc. or arbitrary range between the two)；
Preferably, 20~60KW of arc power (for example, can be 20KW, 25KW, 30KW, 35KW, 40KW, 45KW,
Arbitrary or arbitrary range between the two in 50KW, 55KW, 60KW etc.), main 20~50L/min of gas flow be (for example, can be
In 20L/min, 25L/min, 30L/min, 35L/min, 40L/min, 45L/min, 50L/min etc. it is arbitrary or it is arbitrary between the two
Range), 10~30cm of distance be (for example, can be arbitrary or arbitrary the two in 10cm, 15cm, 20cm, 25cm, 30cm etc.
Between range), 30~90 ° of angle be (for example, can be arbitrary in 30 °, 40 °, 50 °, 55 °, 60 °, 70 °, 80 °, 90 ° etc. or appoint
Meaning range between the two), 5~25g/min of powder feeding rate be (for example, can be 5g/min, 10g/min, 15g/min, 20g/
Arbitrary or arbitrary range between the two in min, 23g/min, 25g/min etc.), coating layer thickness is 0.1~0.5mm (for example, can
Think arbitrary in 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm etc. or arbitrary range between the two)；
In this step, spray metal powder is coated in substrate material surface by the way of thermal spraying to be needed to select when necessary
Suitable working gas is selected, general argon gas has higher economic benefit；By adjusting corresponding spray parameters, make coating and matrix
The defects of material is tightly combined, and coating is fine and close, no cracking, peeling；On this basis, the refractory metal basal body material after heat treatment
Expect that emissivity is higher, and there is good binding force between coating and basis material.
Step 3: heat treatment：Refractory metal article after spraying is heat-treated, the refractory metal after being heat-treated
Product.
The heat treatment carries out under reducibility gas (such as hydrogen), inert atmosphere (such as argon gas, nitrogen) or vacuum protection；Ginseng
Number is：Temperature be 1000-2500 DEG C (for example, can be 1000 DEG C, 1100 DEG C, 1200 DEG C, 1300 DEG C, 1400 DEG C, 2200 DEG C,
Arbitrary or arbitrary range between the two in 2300 DEG C, 2400 DEG C, 2500 DEG C etc.), the time is 3-8 hours (for example, can be 3
Hour, 3.5 hours, 7 hours, 7.5 hours, arbitrary in 8 hours etc. or arbitrary range between the two)；
Preferably, temperature be 1500-2100 DEG C (for example, can be 1500 DEG C, 1600 DEG C, 1700 DEG C, 1800 DEG C, 1900
DEG C, 2000 DEG C, arbitrary in 2100 DEG C etc. or arbitrary range between the two), the time be 4-6 hours (for example, can for 4 hours,
Arbitrary or arbitrary range between the two in 4.5 hours, 5 hours, 5.5 hours, 6 hours etc.).
The processing method carries out high-temperature process to the material that thermal spraying finishes；Take reduction, inert atmosphere or vacuum protection；
According to the difference of matrix and coating material, the material that suitable temperature finishes spraying is selected to be heat-treated；By being heat-treated,
The internal stress generated when not only can eliminate spraying can also further enhance the binding force of coating and matrix, it is ensured that coating is not
Peeling is will produce, the defects of cracking；
The processing method by refractory metal powder or contains the alloy powder of refractory metal elements by the way of thermal spraying
Coating is heat-treated to substrate material surface, and to the material after spraying under controlled atmosphere, is realized and is improved material transmitting
The demand of rate；In some cases, emissivity can be promoted to 0.2~0.3 by original 0.1 or so.
The processing method is that it is same metal or containing matrix gold with matrix using coatings characteristic prepared by thermal spraying
Belong to one of element, matrix and coating have good compatibility；In addition when thermal spraying, melting or semi-molten shape is presented in metal powder
State, this allows for spray metal powder when depositing on basis material, is easy and metallurgical binding occurs for basis material；Melting or
The spray metal powder of semi-molten is conducive to coating and matrix forms preferable combination, reduces the internal stress of coating and matrix.
Since parent metal and coating have good solid solubility, in heat treatment, coating is more easy to phase counterdiffusion with matrix,
Diffusion between this matrix and coating further increases the combination of matrix and coating, so to a certain extent, coating
Coating may be considered the isoepitaxial growth of basis material；In microstructure, the material presentation of coating is a kind of compound
Structure.Also just because of having preferable intersolubility between matrix and coating, while improving emissivity, and xenogenesis is solved
Consistency problem between material is avoided due to coating material peeling, cracking and hole etc. caused by dissimilar material physical property difference
Defect；This allows for the material after spraying at very high temperatures using can also keep higher emissivity and performance to stablize,
It will not cause that coating is detached with matrix because of internal stress and wait failure behaviours.
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific examples.It should be understood that these embodiments be only used for the present invention without
For limiting the scope of the invention.Externally it should be understood that after having read present disclosure, those skilled in the art are to this hair
Bright to make various changes or modifications, these equivalent forms also fall within the scope of the appended claims of the present application.
Embodiment 1：
In the present embodiment, refractory metal basal body material is：The tungsten plate of thickness 1mm, spray metal powder are：Granularity is
20.0 microns of metal tungsten powder.
(1), cleaning treatment：Washing process is carried out to tungsten plate first, washes off surface dirt；It uses at physical cleaning again
Reason：Surface contaminants are removed with the methods of normal temperature high voltage hydraulic giant, high-pressure steam-cleaning or Dry ice cleaning；Secondly using at chemical cleaning
Clearing can be with inorganic acid alkali solution or corresponding industry cleaning link except pollutions, chemical cleanings such as tungsten plate surface greasy dirt oxides
Agent；
It reuses deionized water and rinses tungsten plate surface, washing time is 60 minutes；And dry up tungsten plate surface.
(2), blasting treatment：Blasting treatment is carried out to the tungsten plate surface after cleaning, using corundum as blast media,
Parameter is：80 mesh of mesh number, pressure 0.6MPa, sandblasting distance 12cm, 60 ° of angle.
(3), drying and processing：30 points are impregnated in a concentration of 10% hydrochloric acid solution to the tungsten plate Jing Guo blasting treatment
Clock is rinsed 40 minutes with deionized water, and the tungsten plate after flushing is dried 4 hours under 120 DEG C, nitrogen environment, is dried
Tungsten plate, as pass through pretreated tungsten plate.
(4), plasma spray coating is handled：Using the method for plasma spray coating, metal tungsten powder is sprayed by locating in advance
The tungsten plate surface of reason, parameter are：Arc power 30KW, main gas flow 35L/min, distance 15cm, 85 ° of angle, powder feeding
Rate 10g/min, coating layer thickness are controlled in 0.15mm；
Fig. 2 is the microscopic appearance of used spraying tungsten powder, and tungsten powder particles are uniform in size, typical polygonized structure, portion
Particulate powders are divided to have agglomeration.
(5), heat treatment step：To the tungsten plate after spraying under the conditions of hydrogen shield, 1800~2100 DEG C of heat treatments 4
The tungsten plate after heat treatment is can be obtained within~6 hours, the emissivity of the tungsten plate after the heat treatment is higher, and coating and base
Body material has good combination power.
Fig. 3 is the spraying tungsten plate microscopic appearance after Overheating Treatment；Sprayed surface after being heat-treated as can see from Figure 3
It is still very coarse, it mutually overlapped, accumulated by the molten particles of irregular particle, fully melted with pattern cracking area simultaneously
It deposits.
In the present embodiment, the measurement of emissivity uses fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, the results showed that, the product after spraying
Room temperature direction emissivity is about 0.25；The test of anchoring strength of coating is carried out by standard GB/T/T8642-2002 requirements, test
As a result when coating layer thickness is 0.15mm, the intensity of coating and matrix is not less than 15MPa on surface.
Embodiment 2：
In the present embodiment, refractory metal basal body material is：The metal molybdenum plate of thickness 2mm, spray metal powder are：Granularity is
10 microns of metal molybdenum powder.
(1), cleaning treatment：Washing process is carried out to metal molybdenum plate first, washes off surface dirt；It uses at physical cleaning again
Reason：Surface contaminants are removed with the methods of normal temperature high voltage hydraulic giant, high-pressure steam-cleaning or Dry ice cleaning；It uses at chemical cleaning again
Reason：Alkali cleaning (removing surface and oil contaminant using the strong oxidizing property of the potassium nitrate of melting) is carried out with the potassium nitrate of melting, eliminates metal molybdenum
The pollutions such as plate surface greasy dirt, oxide；
It reuses deionized water and rinses metal molybdenum plate surface, washing time is 60 minutes；And dry up metal molybdenum plate surface.
(2), blasting treatment：Blasting treatment is carried out to the metal molybdenum plate surface after cleaning, using corundum as blast media,
Parameter is：80 mesh of mesh number, pressure 0.6MPa, sandblasting distance 12cm, 60 ° of angle.
(3), drying and processing：30 points are impregnated in a concentration of 10% hydrochloric acid solution to the metal molybdenum plate Jing Guo blasting treatment
Clock is rinsed 40 minutes with deionized water, and the metal molybdenum plate after flushing is dried 4 hours under 120 DEG C, nitrogen environment, is dried
Metal molybdenum plate, as pass through pretreated metal molybdenum plate.
(4), plasma spray coating is handled：Using the method for plasma spray coating, metal molybdenum powder is sprayed by locating in advance
The metal molybdenum plate surface of reason, parameter are：Arc power 25KW, main gas flow 35L/min, distance 15cm, 85 ° of angle, powder feeding
Rate 8g/min, coating layer thickness are controlled in 0.15mm.
(5), heat treatment step：To the metal molybdenum plate after spraying under the conditions of hydrogen shield, 1500~2000 DEG C of heat treatments 4
The metal molybdenum plate after heat treatment is can be obtained within~6 hours, the emissivity of the metal molybdenum plate after the heat treatment is higher, and coating and base
Body material has good combination power.
In the present embodiment, the measurement of emissivity uses fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, the results showed that, the product after spraying
It is about 0.20 in the direction emissivity of room temperature；The test of anchoring strength of coating is carried out by standard GB/T/T8642-2002 requirements,
When coating layer thickness is 0.15mm, the intensity of coating and matrix is not less than 20MPa on test result surface.
Embodiment 3：
In the present embodiment, refractory metal basal body material is：The rhenium metal plate of thickness 1.5mm, spray metal powder are：Granularity
For 20.0 microns of metal tungsten powder.
(1), cleaning treatment：Washing process is carried out to rhenium metal plate first, washes off surface dirt；It uses at physical cleaning again
Reason：Surface contaminants are removed with the methods of normal temperature high voltage hydraulic giant, high-pressure steam-cleaning or Dry ice cleaning；It uses at chemical cleaning again
Reason：Industrial special purpose detergent is used again --- the cleaning of BRULIN 815GD cleaning agents is deoiled, and rhenium metal plate surface greasy dirt is eliminated；
It reuses deionized water and rinses rhenium metal plate surface, washing time is 60 minutes；And dry up rhenium metal plate surface.
(2), blasting treatment：Blasting treatment is carried out to the rhenium metal plate surface after cleaning, using corundum as blast media,
Parameter is：80 mesh of mesh number, pressure 0.6MPa, sandblasting distance 12cm, 60 ° of angle.
(3), drying and processing：30 points are impregnated in a concentration of 10% hydrochloric acid solution to the rhenium metal plate Jing Guo blasting treatment
Clock is rinsed 40 minutes with deionized water, and the rhenium metal plate after flushing is dried 4 hours under 120 DEG C, nitrogen environment, is dried
Rhenium metal plate, as pass through pretreated rhenium metal plate.
(4), plasma spray coating is handled：Using the method for plasma spray coating, metal tungsten powder is sprayed by locating in advance
The rhenium metal plate surface of reason, parameter are：Arc power 30KW, main gas flow 35L/min, distance 15cm, 85 ° of angle, powder feeding
Rate 10g/min, coating layer thickness are controlled in 0.15mm.
(5), heat treatment step：To the rhenium metal plate after spraying under the conditions of hydrogen shield, 1500~2000 DEG C of heat treatments 4
The rhenium metal plate after heat treatment is can be obtained within~6 hours, the emissivity of the rhenium metal plate after the heat treatment is higher, and coating and base
Body material has good combination power.
In the present embodiment, the measurement of emissivity uses fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, the results showed that, the product after spraying
Room temperature direction emissivity is about 0.25；The test of anchoring strength of coating is carried out by standard GB/T/T8642-2002 requirements, test
As a result when coating layer thickness is 0.15mm, the intensity of coating and matrix is not less than 15MPa on surface.
Embodiment 4：
In the present embodiment, refractory metal basal body material is：The metal tantalum plate of thickness 1mm, spray metal powder are：Granularity is
20.0 microns of metal tungsten powder.
(1), cleaning treatment：Washing process is carried out to metal tantalum plate first, washes off surface dirt；It uses at physical cleaning again
Reason：Surface contaminants are removed with the methods of normal temperature high voltage hydraulic giant, high-pressure steam-cleaning or Dry ice cleaning；It uses at chemical cleaning again
Reason：Industrial special purpose detergent is used again --- the cleaning of BRULIN 815GD cleaning agents is deoiled, and metal tantalum plate surface greasy dirt is eliminated；
It reuses deionized water and rinses metal tantalum plate surface, washing time is 60 minutes；And dry up metal tantalum plate surface.
(2), blasting treatment：Blasting treatment is carried out to the metal tantalum plate surface after cleaning, using corundum as blast media,
Parameter is：80 mesh of mesh number, pressure 0.6MPa, sandblasting distance 12cm, 60 ° of angle.
(3), drying and processing：To the metal tantalum plate Jing Guo blasting treatment a concentration of 10%, preferably 10% hydrochloric acid is molten
It impregnates 30 minutes, is rinsed 40 minutes with deionized water, it is small that the metal tantalum plate after flushing dries 4 under 120 DEG C, nitrogen environment in liquid
When, the metal tantalum plate dried as passes through pretreated metal tantalum plate.
(4), plasma spray coating is handled：Using the method for plasma spray coating, metal tungsten powder is sprayed by locating in advance
The metal tantalum plate surface of reason, parameter are：Arc power 30KW, main gas flow 35L/min, distance 15cm, 85 ° of angle, powder feeding
Rate 10g/min, coating layer thickness are controlled in 0.15mm.
(5), heat treatment step：Under vacuum to the metal tantalum plate after spraying, 1300~1600 DEG C of heat treatment 2~5
Hour can be obtained the metal tantalum plate after heat treatment, and the emissivity of the metal tantalum plate after the heat treatment is higher, and coating and matrix
Material has good combination power.
In the present embodiment, the measurement of emissivity uses fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, the results showed that, the product after spraying
Room temperature direction emissivity is about 0.25；The test of anchoring strength of coating is carried out by standard GB/T/T8642-2002 requirements, test
As a result when coating layer thickness is 0.15mm, the intensity of coating and matrix is not less than 12MPa on surface.
Embodiment 5：
In the present embodiment, refractory metal basal body material is：The metal tantalum plate of thickness 1mm, spray metal powder are：Granularity is
10.0 microns of metal molybdenum powder.
(1), cleaning treatment：Washing process is carried out to metal tantalum plate first, washes off surface dirt；It uses at physical cleaning again
Reason：Surface contaminants are removed with the methods of normal temperature high voltage hydraulic giant, high-pressure steam-cleaning or Dry ice cleaning；It uses at chemical cleaning again
Reason：Industrial special purpose detergent is used again --- the cleaning of BRULIN 815GD cleaning agents is deoiled, and metal tantalum plate surface greasy dirt is eliminated；
It reuses deionized water and rinses metal tantalum plate surface, washing time is 60 minutes；And dry up metal tantalum plate surface.
(2), blasting treatment：Blasting treatment is carried out to the metal tantalum plate surface after cleaning, using corundum as blast media,
Parameter is：80 mesh of mesh number, pressure 0.6MPa, sandblasting distance 12cm, 60 ° of angle.
(3), drying and processing：30 points are impregnated in a concentration of 10% hydrochloric acid solution to the metal tantalum plate Jing Guo blasting treatment
Clock is rinsed 40 minutes with deionized water, and the metal tantalum plate after flushing is dried 4 hours under 120 DEG C, nitrogen environment, is dried
Metal tantalum plate, as pass through pretreated metal tantalum plate.
(4), plasma spray coating is handled：Using the method for plasma spray coating, metal molybdenum powder is sprayed by locating in advance
The metal tantalum plate surface of reason, parameter are：Arc power 25KW, main gas flow 35L/min, distance 15cm, 85 ° of angle, powder feeding
Rate 8g/min, coating layer thickness are controlled in 0.15mm.
(5), heat treatment step：Under vacuum to the metal tantalum plate after spraying, 1000~1400 DEG C of heat treatment 2~5
Hour can be obtained the metal tantalum plate after heat treatment, and the emissivity of the metal tantalum plate after the heat treatment is higher, and coating and matrix
Material has good combination power.
In the present embodiment, the measurement of emissivity uses fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, the results showed that, the product after spraying
Room temperature direction emissivity is about 0.25；The test of anchoring strength of coating is carried out by standard GB/T/T8642-2002 requirements, test
As a result when coating layer thickness is 0.15mm, the intensity of coating and matrix is not less than 15MPa on surface.
Embodiment 6：
In the present embodiment, refractory metal basal body material is：The metal molybdenum plate of thickness 2mm, spray metal powder are：Granularity is
25.0 microns of metal tungsten powder.
(1), cleaning treatment：Washing process is carried out to metal molybdenum plate first, washes off surface dirt；It uses at physical cleaning again
Reason：Surface contaminants are removed with the methods of normal temperature high voltage hydraulic giant, high-pressure steam-cleaning or Dry ice cleaning；It uses at chemical cleaning again
Reason：Industrial special purpose detergent is used again --- the cleaning of BRULIN 815GD cleaning agents is deoiled, and metal molybdenum plate surface greasy dirt is eliminated；
It reuses deionized water and rinses metal molybdenum plate surface, washing time is 60 minutes；And dry up metal molybdenum plate surface.
(2), blasting treatment：Blasting treatment is carried out to the metal molybdenum plate surface after cleaning, using corundum as blast media,
Parameter is：80 mesh of mesh number, pressure 0.6MPa, sandblasting distance 12cm, 60 ° of angle.
(3), drying and processing：30 points are impregnated in a concentration of 10% hydrochloric acid solution to the metal molybdenum plate Jing Guo blasting treatment
Clock is rinsed 40 minutes with deionized water, and the metal molybdenum plate after flushing is dried 4 hours under 120 DEG C, nitrogen environment, is dried
Metal molybdenum plate, as pass through pretreated metal molybdenum plate.
(4), plasma spray coating is handled：Using the method for plasma spray coating, metal tungsten powder is sprayed by locating in advance
The metal molybdenum plate surface of reason, parameter are：Arc power 35KW, main gas flow 35L/min, distance 15cm, 85 ° of angle, powder feeding
Rate 10g/min, coating layer thickness are controlled in 0.15mm.
(5), heat treatment step：To the metal molybdenum plate after spraying under the conditions of hydrogen shield, 1200~2000 DEG C of heat treatments 4
The metal molybdenum plate after heat treatment is can be obtained within~6 hours, the emissivity of the metal molybdenum plate after the heat treatment is higher, and coating and base
Body material has good combination power.
In the present embodiment, the measurement of emissivity uses fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, the results showed that, the product after spraying
Room temperature direction emissivity is about 0.25；The test of anchoring strength of coating is carried out by standard GB/T/T8642-2002 requirements, test
As a result when coating layer thickness is 0.15mm, the intensity of coating and matrix is not less than 15MPa on surface.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of processing method improving refractory metal article emissivity, it is characterised in that：The processing method includes the following steps：
Plasma spraying step：To being carried out at plasma spray coating by the surface of pretreated refractory metal basal body material
Reason, the refractory metal article after being sprayed；
Heat treatment step：Refractory metal article after the spraying is heat-treated, the refractory metal system after being heat-treated
Product；
Wherein,
The refractory metal basal body material is the metal matrix material containing one or more elements in tungsten, molybdenum, rhenium, tantalum；
In plasma spray coating processing, the plasma spray coating metal powder that uses for：With the refractory metal basal body material
The identical refractory metal powder of material of material, or refractory metal powder identical with the material of refractory metal basal body material
Last and material with the refractory metal basal body material forms the refractory metal alloy powder to dissolve each other and is sprayed as the plasma
Matel coated powder；
The granularity of the plasma spray coating metal powder is 1.0-30 microns, and arc power is 10~80KW, main gas flow
It is 5~50cm for 10~80L/min, distance, angle is 10~90 °, powder feeding rate is 3~30g/min, coating layer thickness 0.1
~1.0mm.
2. improving the processing method of refractory metal article emissivity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The pre- place
Reason includes being started the cleaning processing to the surface of the refractory metal basal body material and blasting treatment.
3. improving the processing method of refractory metal article emissivity according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：At the cleaning
Reason, including physical cleaning processing and/or chemical cleaning processing.
4. improving the processing method of refractory metal article emissivity according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：At the sandblasting
Reason, using corundum as blast media, mesh number is 10~150 mesh, pressure is 0.1~1.5MPa, sandblasting distance be 5~60cm,
Angle is 5~90 °.
5. improving the processing method of refractory metal article emissivity according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：At the sandblasting
Reason, using corundum as blast media, mesh number is 20~120 mesh, pressure is 0.2~1.0MPa, sandblasting distance be 10~50cm,
Angle is 10~80 °.
6. improving the processing method of refractory metal article emissivity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The plasma
In body spray treatment, the granularity of the plasma spray coating metal powder used is 3.5-20 micron.
7. improving the processing method of refractory metal article emissivity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The plasma
In body spray treatment, arc power is 20~60KW, main gas flow is 20~50L/min, distance is 10~30cm, angle is
30~90 °, powder feeding rate be 5~25g/min, coating layer thickness be 0.1~0.5mm.
8. improving the processing method of refractory metal article emissivity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The heat treatment
It is carried out under reduction or inert atmosphere protection, temperature is 1000-2500 DEG C, and the time is 3-8 hours.
9. improving the processing method of refractory metal article emissivity according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：The heat treatment
It is carried out under reduction or inert atmosphere protection, temperature is 1500-2100 DEG C, and the time is 4-6 hours.
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