CN105692819B - Outdoor emergency purifier - Google Patents
Outdoor emergency purifier Download PDFInfo
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- CN105692819B CN105692819B CN201610215335.4A CN201610215335A CN105692819B CN 105692819 B CN105692819 B CN 105692819B CN 201610215335 A CN201610215335 A CN 201610215335A CN 105692819 B CN105692819 B CN 105692819B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
- C02F1/4698—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis electro-osmosis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/30—Polyalkenyl halides
- B01D71/32—Polyalkenyl halides containing fluorine atoms
- B01D71/34—Polyvinylidene fluoride
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
- C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
- C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
- C02F2201/46115—Electrolytic cell with membranes or diaphragms
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of outdoor emergency purifiers, belong to the water quality advanced processing technology field of Drinking Water.The electrolysis power and water container that the emergency purifier includes at least a pair of of anodic-cathodic, powers for anodic-cathodic, water penetration diaphragm is equipped between pairs of negative electrode and positive electrode, water container has telescopic rugosity side wall, window is offered at the top of water container, water penetration diaphragm is expired tilt and is located on window, negative electrode is set to the bottom in water container, positive electrode, which is set to outside the window at the top of water container, to be located, when in use, negative electrode is contacted with the water in water container, and positive electrode is contacted with the infiltration water that water container is permeated by water penetration diaphragm.The emergency purifier has the advantages that be convenient for carrying.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of outdoor emergency purifiers, belong to the water quality advanced processing technology field of Drinking Water.
Background technique
Water pollution is mainly caused by the pollutant that mankind's activity generates, it includes industrial pollution source, agricultural pollution source with
Domestic pollution source three parts.Increasingly the water pollution aggravated constitutes significant threat to the living safety of the mankind, and it is strong to become the mankind
Health, the major obstacles of economy and society sustainable development.It investigates according to authoritative institution of the world, is at least made because drinking unhygienic water every year
Dead at global 20,000,000 people, therefore, water pollution is referred to as " world's number one killer ".Currently, water environment is exacerbated, sternly
Weight threat to life continue, especially when happen suddenly natural and man-made calamities when more so.More poor and backward area, drink is to completely
Trust that water is even almost luxurious for general public.If can make the common people that can all drink with simple, cheap, efficient means
To completely trusting water, when for how immeasurable beneficence！
Domestic and international most of waterworks are so far still using precipitating, filtering, the outmoded process of chlorination, by rivers
Water or underground water are simply processed into drinkable water.However, spreading unchecked and pouring in face of trade effluent, rural sewage and sanitary sewage wildness
Life water source, waterworks can't bear the heavy load helpless.Along with tap water from water factory through water transfer pipe network and high-rise water storage
Case reaches and adds pollution brought by drinking water terminal, and it is health that municipal tap water dare not have been said.Especially, tap water adds
Although chlorine can be killed effectively except germ, can also generate more halogenated hydrocarbon compound simultaneously, the contents of these chlorinated organics at
Increase again, is the significant source for causing the mankind to suffer from various diseases.Even boiling tap water, above-mentioned residue still drive no
It goes, the carcinogenic substances such as nitrite and chloroform can also increased.Also that is, even if the safety coefficient of drinking water is also not high
's.
Since direct drinking public water supply is difficult to ensure safety, water purifier comes into being, and becomes common people's hard requirement.However, existing
Using city for tap water as the purification of water quality product or drinking water related product of source water, essentially medium absorption or use various bore filters
Water pollutant is intercepted the physical treatment technology filtered out by film.Since active carbon class adsorbent material is easy to saturation failure,
And various filter membranes are easy to be contaminated by bacterial or organic matter obstruction or damaged, therefore actual conditions be can not be as theory is set
Meter is desired to be accomplished to the sufficiently cleaned up of water pollutant like that.It is existing to be adsorbed with medium in face of the source water pollution got worse
Or water pollutant is intercepted to the physics mode water treatment technology filtered out using various bore filter films and far can not
Guarantee water quality reaching standard.In addition, traditional RO membrane reverse osmosis filter method is very serious to the waste of water resource, 1 liter is often purified
Pure water just needs to be discharged 3 liters of concentration waste water.But physics mode water treatment technology also has its points of course: not generating poison usually
By-product.
In comparison, though Water Treatment technique has many advantages, such as being inexpensively simple and efficient, and it is unsuitable for civilian
Terminal Drinking Water field.To find out its cause, first is that the Water Treatment process requirement enough reaction time, and in daily life
With water occasion, water purifier is from booting water inlet to water outlet only several seconds or even shorter, and the residence time is too in water purifier for pollutant
It is short, have little time to complete related chemistry reaction treatment at all；The second is Water Treatment technique is usually made with certain poison is secondary
With.For example, although chemical oxidation reaction can potent inactivation of bacterial, depth degradation organic matter, go water removal in various harmful substances,
But the chemical oxidization method all kinds of Strong oxdiative factors generated are substantially non-selectivity, uncontrollable, if dealing with improperly most probably raw
The novel substance not having in Cheng Yuanshui even strong carcinogen, jeopardizes safe drinking water instead.And reduction reaction controls improper also bring along
Similar problems, such as nitrate may be converted into strong carcinogen nitrite；Just because of this, it is had no so far in Drinking Water
Purified treatment field especially family's drinking-water terminal promotes and applies.
Fortunately, in daily life, drinking water needs often have the characteristics that at times, interval.For example, family three times
Meal water and bathing peak are concentrated mainly on the time in the morning, afternoon and evening；Wash water then presses week/time calculating.Drinking water is deposited in daily life
Storage device leads to the drinking water terminal for referring to and having water tank (tank, container), such as: 1) pipeline water purification system terminal wall-hanger, desk-top
Or vertical drinking；2) RO water purification machine water outlet pressure store bucket (case) and water glass, pot；3) public supply mains high level is built
Build top layer installation high water tank in addition rural resident's groundwater abstraction to roof water tank.At present existing for such system
Common problem is that bacterial micro-organism is exceeded in water in water tank, and it is smelly to seriously affect water quality even peculiar smell.The solution that there is no so far
Certainly method.
Meanwhile it has been found that existing water purifier is inconvenient to carry, so that people need to meet an urgent need outdoors when water purification,
There is no existing equipment.Therefore, urgent need develops one kind and is convenient for carrying and can satisfy municipal tap water terminal drinking-water deep purifying
It is required that, using water storage container as reaction tank, source water is handled with intermittent duty, the open air that every household is all afforded to use
Emergency water purification easy device.
Summary of the invention
First technical problem that the present invention solves is, in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, proposing a kind of open air being convenient for carrying
Emergency purifier.
Second technical problem that the present invention solves is, on the basis of solving above-mentioned first technical problem, for existing
Technical deficiency proposes that a kind of less to generate poison when carrying out degradation Organic substance in water to the home terminal drinking-water in water container secondary
The outdoor emergency purifier of product.
Applicant explores by repetition test and for many years, it was found that electrochemistry as a kind of advanced oxidation water treatment technology,
Attached poison seondary effect is small far beyond conventional chemical water treatment technology, and electro-chemical water treatment process can pass through electrical parameter
Adjustment carrys out intensive treatment intensity and reduces the reaction time.Overcome physics water treatment technology soft in this way, electrochemical water treatment technology has
Rib, the certain potentiality that can be used for Drinking Water purified treatment.
Electrochemical water treatment technology is to make polluter that Direct Electrochemistry reaction occur on the electrode or utilize electrode table
Face generates strong oxidizing property active material and oxidation reaction occurs and is converted electrochemical techniques and its is aided with other high-level oxidation technologies
Group technology, referred to as electrochemical system, including electrode electro-catalysis, electricity-Fenton, electricity-O3, sound-electric, optical-electronic etc..
Electro-chemical water processing be unable to do without electrode effect, is specifically divided into electrode and directly reacts and electrode indirect reaction.Electrode is straight
It is reversed to refer to that pollutant is directly oxidated or reduced on the electrode and removes from water.Direct Electrolysis can be divided into anodic process and
Cathodic process.Anodic process is exactly that pollutant aoxidizes in anode surface and is converted to the lesser substance of toxicity or easily biological-degradable
Substance, or even generation organic matter are inorganization, to achieve the purpose that reduction, removal pollutant.Cathodic process is exactly that pollutant exists
Cathode surface is restored and is removed.
Electrode indirect reaction is then to make to pollute using the redox materials of electrochemistry generation as reactant or catalyst
Object is converted to the smaller substance of toxicity.Anode indirect reaction, generated redox materials, generally include following several in water
Class: (1) with chlorate, the hypochlorite etc. of strong oxidizing property；Elecrtonegativity can be removed by anode；(2) H2O2、O3(standard electric
Electrode potential 2.07, half-life period 30-60min) etc. the Strong oxdiatives factor；(3) strong oxidizing property and service life that electrochemical reaction generates are extremely short
Intermediate, including e (solvated electron), OH, HO2·、·O2Equal free radicals can be with degradation of organic substances based on OH.
But still belong to chemical treatment technology in electrochemical nature, even toxic side effect is small again, still there are the Biological indicators for making water
The risk of reduction.Water environment it is unprecedented it is serious pollution, in conventional physical water purifier today unable to do what one wishes, examine closely again
Study Water Treatment --- especially electrochemical water treatment technology is a possibility that Drinking Water purified treatment is applied, innovation
Water pollutant, again the electrochemical treatments technique of non-toxic by-products or even electro-chemical water processing can efficiently be removed by developing one kind
Technique cooperateed with physisorptive filter technique associated with completely new method for purifying water and device, there is highly important reality meaning
Justice.
In order to solve above-mentioned first technical problem, the present inventor proposes following skill on the basis of above-mentioned cognition
Art scheme: a kind of outdoor emergency purifier, including at least a pair of of anodic-cathodic, the electrolysis power powered for the anodic-cathodic
And water container, water penetration diaphragm is equipped between pairs of negative electrode and positive electrode, the water container has telescopic folding
Stacked side wall offers window at the top of the water container, and the water penetration diaphragm is expired tilt and is located on the window, described
Negative electrode is set to the bottom in the water container, and the positive electrode, which is set to outside the window at the top of water container, to be located, and makes
Used time, the negative electrode are contacted with the water in the water container, and the positive electrode passes through described with the water container
The infiltration water contact of aqueous diaphragm infiltration.
The beneficial effect of the outdoor emergency purifier technical solution of aforementioned present invention is: the negative electrode of apparatus of the present invention with
Water contact in water container, positive electrode are contacted by the infiltration water that the water penetration diaphragm permeates with water container, are being protected
On the basis of the cell reaction of card apparatus of the present invention is normally carried out, anode direct oxidation reaction is transferred to container (water container)
Outer progress, reaction product of anode are drained outside container, will not be returned again to and be polluted water quality in container.Meanwhile the negative pollution in water
Object such as chlorine residue etc., is acted on by anode voltage, can also move to container outer anode from water penetration diaphragm is penetrated in container in water
Region.
Of particular note is that: anode direct oxidation reaction does not need, but anode reaction product (such as it is smelly
Oxygen) there may be toxic side effects, including negative pollutant may still be had certain toxicity by anode direct oxidation reaction product,
Anode is arranged to external container the present invention, and above-mentioned toxic byproduct is directly with regard to outlet；And source water electrolysis is given in positive electrode
On the great discharge space such as reaction product such as oxygen, ozone, chlorine, can be fallen by outside direct emission, will not be penetrated
Diaphragm returns again to the water quality in container in pollution container, will not remain in container in water, to significantly reduce above-mentioned strong oxygen
The toxic side effect of compound.
Locate in addition, positive electrode is set to outside the window at the top of water container, residual chlorine residue and each in the source water in water container
Kind of harmful anion faces south electrode transfer, is pierced by water penetration diaphragm and enters water body between positive electrode and film and be discharged.Meanwhile it will be negative
Electrode is set to the bottom in water container, can carry out purified treatment to water by negative electrode, contain various dirts in source of degradation water
It contaminates object (such as chlorine residue), does not generate toxic byproduct.Therefore, the negative pollutant in water passes through negative electrode degradation and positive electricity pole tension
Effect, moves to container outer anode region, content is few in container, and comprehensive treatment effect is splendid.
Finally, outdoor city directly can enter water container, water pollutant from water penetration diaphragm for water supply water
It being intercepted at outside water container, water is the purified water filtered through film in water container, physical filtering and electrochemistry are organically combined,
It can sterilize, degradation of organic substances, not generate toxic byproduct；Since water container has telescopic rugosity side wall, outdoor carrying
When, water container folding shrinking when needing outdoor emergency water purification, water container can be pulled open, carry out outdoor emergency
Water purification.
The present invention is to solve above-mentioned second technical problem, and improvement to above-mentioned technical proposal is: the water penetration diaphragm
It is water penetration diaphragm made of non-conductive material, the water penetration diaphragm has the permeable micropore of uniform pore size.
It should be noted that apparatus of the present invention processing to seeming home terminal drinking-water, usually city for tap water, as
Described in background technique, present water pollution is got worse, and it is (or perhaps special that home terminal drinking-water has become a kind of micro-polluted water
Different contaminant water), pollution sources include the pollution and pipeline secondary pollution of environmental pollution (such as pesticide residue), chlorination generation
Deng.
The working mechanism of outdoor emergency purifier technical solution and beneficial effect disclosed in aforementioned present invention are presented below.
The present invention, which passes through, will have the water penetration diaphragm of the micropore of uniform pore size to be arranged between cathode and anode, in conventional electricity
It is brought other than solution reaction process and forms the reaction of water body low pressure cold plasma discharge in micropore in water penetration diaphragm, analysis is such as
Under:
Apparatus of the present invention structure feature is, referring to Fig. 1, to be boundary with water penetration diaphragm, set up separately above and below water penetration diaphragm
The anodic-cathodic pair of two sides: negative electrode is set to the bottom in water container, and positive electrode, which is set to outside the window at the top of water container, to be located.
After the decomposition voltage of electrolysis power is applied to external electrode (positive electrode) and interior electrode (negative electrode), formed following
Voltage landing relationship:
The outer positive electrode (+) of film → voltage drop U1 → water penetration diaphragm direct impedance of moisture film generates between positive electrode and film
The pressure drop U3 of the anti-generation of water resistance between negative electrode in pressure drop U2 → water penetration diaphragm and container.
In the present invention, the effect of water penetration diaphragm is not only and will be isolated inside and outside container, due to the structure of itself: permeable
Property diaphragm is water penetration diaphragm made of non-conductive material, it is microcosmic on show as the water passage regions of countless uniform micros
(micropore with uniform pore size) can also form water body low pressure under decomposition voltage effect in water penetration diaphragm in micropore
Cold plasma discharge reaction.Low temperature plasma is rich in electronics, ion, free radical and excited state molecule, and electronics and ion have very
High reactivity can be such that the chemical reaction for being difficult to carry out or speed is difficult under usual conditions becomes very rapidly.
Traditional water body plasma discharge technology is imported often through outside into water to generate water body plasma discharge
Gas, and impose and increase strength pulse voltage or hot conditions.Plasma discharge is then directed to water penetration diaphragm by the present invention
Countless small water storage spaces carry out, and by the gas that positive electrode generates water electrolysis liberation of hydrogen, oxygen evolution reaction, partially enter in film and lure
Flooding, (the infiltration water due to penetrating through water penetration diaphragm in positive electrode and container contacts, in this way, positive electrode pastes for body itself gasification
Nearly water penetration diaphragm, the oxygen etc. of anode reaction is easily accessible membrane micropore and generates bubble in millipore water, narrow in membrane micropore
In environment, bubble breaking generates localized hyperthermia's high pressure), and then efficient water body plasma discharge is inspired with minimum voltage,
Hydroxyl free base class transient state oxidation factor is generated in water, the extremely strong oxidisability of the hydroxyl radical free radical transient state oxidation factor (is more than smelly
Oxygen) simultaneously in water there are the time again it is extremely short, therefore can after generation rapidly to Organic substance in water (such as bacterium) pollute
Object is reduced directly to water after forming extremely strong degradation and itself rapid oxidation, does not stay any toxic side effect.
Since conventional chemical water treatment technology is in purified treatment common people's daily life drinking water, all kinds of Strong oxdiatives of generation
The factor is substantially non-selectivity, uncontrollable, jeopardizes safe drinking water, the strong carcinogen nitrite etc. that reduction reaction generates, no
It is suitably applied in common people's daily life drink water purifying processing occasion.Therefore, current conditions and conventional thinking limit chemical water
Application of the treatment process in terms of common people's daily life drinking water.All kinds of Strong oxdiatives that the present invention generates Conventional electrochemical water because
The uncontrollable of son becomes controllable, and the present invention is exactly to utilize these characteristics of hydroxy radical, this special for tap water for city
On the one hand anode direct oxidation reaction is drawn out to water in container by ingehious design in structure by micro-polluted water water quality characteristics
Outside occurs, and excludes oxidation reaction toxic byproduct.On the other hand by anode indirect oxidation effect perform to it is ultimate attainment, realize to source water
The extremely purification of depth and safety！
The beneficial effect for summarizing the outdoor emergency purifier technical solution of aforementioned present invention is: 1) making full use of electrochemistry
Water treatment technology is unable to reach, to the depth degradation of source water pollutant, efficiently removal with reaching existing physics water treatment technology
Effect, anode direct oxidation reaction is drawn out to outside device and is carried out, ozone is inhibited to generate, it is raw in water to reduce in container
At the risk of toxic byproduct；2) microorganism in water container in water, by U3 between the negative electrode in water penetration diaphragm and container
Electric field action and inactivate；3) it relies primarily on hydroxy kind strong oxidizing property and the service life is extremely short and the indirect electrochemical that has no toxic side effect
Intermediate, to realize desired electro-chemical water treatment effect.
The further improvement of the present invention on that basis of the above technical scheme is: the water penetration diaphragm is hydrophilic permeable
Property diaphragm.
Water penetration diaphragm of the invention is hydrophilic water penetration diaphragm, and it is orderly that hydrophilic film surface can form hydrogen bond with water
Structure can improve fenestra water-filling wet face state, and the plasma discharge process in film that is conducive to persistently carries out.
The further improvement of the present invention on that basis of the above technical scheme is: when using electric discharge, the permeable micropore
Middle formation plasma discharge.
The further improvement of the present invention on that basis of the above technical scheme is: when using electric discharge, each permeable micropore
In be respectively formed plasma discharge.
The shape and pore size and uniformity of membrane micropore influence plasma discharge in film very big.For can be ultralow
Plasma group is efficiently produced under discharge voltage, as shown in Fig. 2, water penetration diaphragm employed in the present invention, when using electric discharge,
Direction of an electric field penetrates each permeable micropore, and Faradaic current circulates through micropore each in film between two electrodes, is equivalent to a big face
Product electrode has been divided into the small electrode of numerous a tip-likes, so that the electric discharge curvature of electrode reduces, discharging efficiency is improved, together
When, the present invention carries out the countless small water storage spaces that plasma discharge is directed to water penetration diaphragm, by water electrolysis liberation of hydrogen,
The gas that oxygen evolution reaction generates partially enters in film and induces water body itself gasification, and then inspires efficient water with minimum voltage
Body plasma discharge, can excite water-outlet body plasma discharge, generate the transient state oxidation factor of great sterilizing ability in water, greatly
The big degradation efficiency for improving pollutant in water body.
The present invention on that basis of the above technical scheme improve first is that: the positive electrode and water penetration diaphragm are by insulating frame
It is packaged into an integral unit.
Water penetration diaphragm is clamped between negative electrode and positive electrode, under electrochemical action (such as anode direct oxidation,
Indirect oxidation, cathodic reduction reaction), to the bacterium in water, microorganism, organic matter etc., plays fabulous inactivation, degradation, turns
Change (toxic switch to nontoxic) effect, therefore bacterium is thoroughly inactivated, organic matter then tends to be degraded to carbon dioxide and water, so not
Only to source advanced water treatment, and fabulous protection is played to water penetration diaphragm, substantially improve germ contamination and concentration polarization,
Greatly prolong the useful life of isolation film.Experiment examination proves that water penetration diaphragm remains that stabilization can in apparatus of the present invention
By working condition, even if occasionally having fouling in water penetration diaphragm and electrode surface is also scum loosely.It is fitted in electrolytic process
When switching the decomposition voltage polarity for being applied to the paired electrode of water penetration diaphragm two sides, so that it may easily remove yin, yang from
Deposition fouling of the sub- precipitate in electrode and filter membrane surface.
The present invention on that basis of the above technical scheme improve second is that: the permeable aperture of the water penetration diaphragm be respectively less than etc.
In 2 millimeters and it is more than or equal to the permeable aperture sizes of all micropores in 1 nanometer and water penetration diaphragm phase each other between each other
Difference is less than 20%.
In apparatus of the present invention, if the permeable aperture of water penetration diaphragm excessive (i.e. microporous space is excessive) is equivalent to covert increasing
Big electrode diameter (electrode curvature radius) causes discharge in water starting excitation voltage to increase, and makes to generate bubble volume and become larger
Reduce the catalytic specific surface area of gas-liquid two-phase.And the permeable aperture of water penetration diaphragm is too small (i.e. microporous space is too small),
Electrolysis can be made, which to produce gas, can not occur or gas producing efficiency is extremely low, it is small will lead to a certain extent it is countless in each micropore in diaphragm
The point discharge of a small curvature radius electrode can not be normally carried out.Therefore, by the repetition test of inventor, permeable aperture is determined
Range is 2 millimeters -1 nanometer.
The present invention on that basis of the above technical scheme improve third is that: the water container be equipped with inlet and outlet
Container.
The present invention on that basis of the above technical scheme improve fourth is that: the water penetration diaphragm is by according to the following steps
Manufactured diaphragm:
1) by nanometer titanium dioxide titanium solution ultraviolet case internal irradiation 10-30 minutes that temperature is 40 DEG C -60 DEG C；
2) film liquid is formed by the raw material of following mass ratio:
PVDF:20%-30%
Pore-foaming agent: 2-5%
Nano-titanium dioxide after step 1) irradiation: 2%-4%
Surfactant: 3%-5%
Solvent: 70%-80%；
3) configured film liquid is passed through supersonic oscillations 20-40 minutes；
4) spread to liquid film with knifing machine, liquid film stood to 10-30 seconds in air, be then immersed in solidification liquid be frozen into every
Film；
5) diaphragm is to impregnate 10-40 minutes in 10% alcohol water blend in concentration, is then placed in deionized water and floats
It washes；
6) diaphragm is placed in the pure water tank for being applied with 10kv DC pulse high voltage and is handled 1 hour.
Specific practical function is: to make electric discharge in film be easy to carry out, it is required that water penetration diaphragm has uniform pore size
Micropore, this can be by being modified acquisition to existing water penetration diaphragm, and water penetration diaphragm uses titania modified technology,
Increase nano-titanium dioxide hydrophilic monomer in ultrafiltration membrane surface by using irradiation technique, improves ultrafiltration membrane hydrophily, enhance film
Stain resistance, prolonging service lifetime of film.It mutually promotes simultaneously with plasma discharge cold in water, Organic substance in water can be effectively improved
Degradation rate also effectively prevents the deterioration that biological index is easily led to because current density is excessive.
Detailed description of the invention
Outdoor emergency purifier of the invention is described further with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the inside partial structural diagram of the outdoor emergency purifier of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 2 is the permeable microcellular structure schematic diagram in the water penetration diaphragm of Fig. 1.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one
The outdoor emergency purifier of the present embodiment referring to Fig. 1, including at least a pair of of negative electrode 22 and positive electrode 23, is
The electrolysis power 3 and water container 1 of anodic-cathodic power supply, are equipped with water penetration diaphragm between pairs of negative electrode 22 and positive electrode 23
21。
Water container 1 has telescopic rugosity side wall.The side wall of water container 1 can be with folding shrinking, can also
To be to stretch to shrink.The top of water container 1 offers window, and water penetration diaphragm 21 is expired tilt and is located on window, negative electrode
22 are set to the bottom in water container 1, and positive electrode 23, which is set to outside the window at 1 top of water container, to be located.When in use, negative electrode 22
It is contacted with the water in water container 1, positive electrode 23 is contacted with water container 1 by the infiltration water that water penetration diaphragm 21 permeates.
The water penetration diaphragm 21 of the present embodiment is water penetration diaphragm made of non-conductive material, and water penetration diaphragm 21 has
The permeable micropore of uniform pore size.The permeable micropore of uniform pore size is that the shape in pore size and hole is generally uniform, for example, a film
In be all the hole of the same shape, for example be all the hole of ellipse, the hole of triangle, etc..Pore size in one film is all
The hole, etc. of same size.
The infiltration water of apparatus of the present invention is successively to generate.The positive electrode 23 of apparatus of the present invention and water penetration diaphragm 21 it
Between be only clamped with water membrane, can be in cell reaction in this way, be not no water on remaining side of the positive electrode of apparatus of the present invention
Outside being normally carried out, reaction of the source water electrolysis on positive electrode is also especially reduced.Meanwhile positive electrode is close to water penetration diaphragm, it is positive
The oxygen etc. of pole reaction is easily accessible membrane micropore and generates bubble in millipore water, in the narrow environment of membrane micropore, bubble breaking
Localized hyperthermia's high pressure is generated, partially enters in film and induces water body itself gasification, and then efficient water body is inspired with minimum voltage
Plasma discharge generates hydroxyl free base class transient state oxidation factor in water.
The water penetration diaphragm 21 of the present embodiment is the non-conductive material filter membranes such as single layer micro-filtration-nanofiltration.When using electric discharge,
Plasma discharge is formed in permeable micropore.For more preferable more generation hydroxyl radical free radical plasma groups, when using electric discharge, often
Plasma discharge is respectively formed in a permeable micropore.
It, can be with so that plasma preferably discharges in film in order to which water penetration diaphragm 21 obtains the micropore of uniform pore size
Produce acquisition by being modified to water penetration diaphragm 21, water penetration diaphragm 21 have uniform pore size micropore be by according to
Diaphragm made of lower step:
1) by nanometer titanium dioxide titanium solution ultraviolet case internal irradiation 10-30 minutes that temperature is 40 DEG C -60 DEG C；
2) film liquid is formed by the raw material of following mass ratio:
PVDF:20%-30%
Pore-foaming agent: 2-5%
Nano-titanium dioxide after step 1) irradiation: 2%-4%
Surfactant: 3%-5%
Solvent: 70%-80%；
3) configured film liquid is passed through supersonic oscillations 20-40 minutes；
4) spread to liquid film with knifing machine, liquid film stood to 10-30 seconds in air, be then immersed in solidification liquid be frozen into every
Film；
5) diaphragm is to impregnate 10-40 minutes in 10% alcohol water blend in concentration, is then placed in deionized water and rinses；
6) diaphragm is placed in the pure water tank for being applied with 10kv DC pulse high voltage and is handled 1 hour.
The positive electrode 23 and water penetration diaphragm 21 of the present embodiment are packaged into an integral unit by insulating frame 25.The present embodiment
Water penetration diaphragm 21 select hydrophilic water penetration diaphragm.The permeable aperture of the water penetration diaphragm 21 of the present embodiment is less than or equal to
2 millimeters and it is more than or equal to the permeable aperture sizes of all micropores in 1 nanometer and water penetration diaphragm 21 and differs small each other between each other
In 20%.It is preferred that ultrafiltration membrane.
One, 1 is tested
Tap water is filled manually in water container 1, by taking the city in DaLian, China area is for tap water as an example, electrolysis power 3
Average voltage is used as the DC power supply of the high level narrow spaces of 40V, constant current 800mA is provided, water penetration diaphragm 21 uses
Ultrafiltration membrane, negative electrode 22 is set at the bottom in water container 1 and positive electrode 23 is set at the top outside water container 1.
Chlorine residue and various harmful anions are remained in the water of source to migrate to anode, are pierced by diaphragm and are entered water body between anode and film
And it is discharged.By testing inspection, total plate count < 2CFU/ml in water；0.001 mg/L of phenol compounds <；Anion synthesis
Detergent < 0.001mg/L；0.001 mg/L of carbon tetrachloride <；Chloroform < 0.013mg/L, opposite city is for tap water, very
Good improves water quality.
In order to prevent anions and canons precipitate 21 surface of electrode and water penetration diaphragm deposition fouling, in electrolytic process
In suitably switch the electrolysis power polarity for being applied to pairs of electrode.
In order to improve electrolytic efficiency, multiple windows can be set on the water container 1 in the present embodiment, at each window
It completely covers and is laid with water penetration diaphragm 21, and negative electrode 22 is set to 1 inside of water container and positive electrode 23 is set to outside water container 1
Portion.
Embodiment two
The outdoor emergency purifier of the present embodiment is improvement on the basis of embodiment one, it is different from embodiment one it
Be in:
The present embodiment fills tap water manually in water container 1, still by taking the city in DaLian, China area is for tap water as an example,
Electrolysis power 3 is greater than the component pulse-changing power of backward voltage level, average voltage 15V, water penetration using forward voltage level
Diaphragm 21 is 15 millimeters using the spacing δ between microfiltration membranes, microfiltration membranes and the positive electrode 23 on the outside of film.
Embodiment three
The outdoor emergency purifier of the present embodiment is improvement on the basis of embodiment one, it is different from embodiment one it
Be in: be located on the positive electrode 23 in the outside of water penetration diaphragm 21 in the present embodiment and be provided with several through-holes, water penetration diaphragm 21 is adopted
Use nanofiltration membrane.
The present embodiment still by taking the city in DaLian, China area is for tap water as an example, water penetration diaphragm 21 be located at diaphragm on the outside of
Spacing δ between positive electrode 23 is respectively 0 millimeter, 10 millimeters and is tested.
Outdoor emergency purifier of the invention is not limited to the above embodiment the specific technical solution, such as: 1)
Electrolysis power 3 be high level narrow spaces direct current pulse power source or forward voltage level be greater than backward voltage level alternating impulse
Power supply；2) water container 1 is the container equipped with inlet and outlet；3) positive electrode 23 is by active carbon or active carbon and titanium
Coating platinum group oxide is combined；4) water container 1 is made of plastics；5) technical side of above-mentioned each embodiment of the invention
Case can form new technical solution, etc. each other with combined crosswise.All technical solutions formed using equivalent replacement are this hair
The protection scope of bright requirement.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of outdoor emergency purifier, including at least a pair of of anodic-cathodic, the electrolysis power powered for the anodic-cathodic
And water container, water penetration diaphragm is equipped between pairs of negative electrode and positive electrode, it is characterised in that: the water container has
Telescopic rugosity side wall, offers window at the top of the water container, the water penetration diaphragm expire tilt be located at it is described
On window, the negative electrode is set to the bottom in the water container, and the positive electrode is set to the window at the top of water container
Place outside mouthful, when in use, the negative electrode is contacted with the water in the water container, the positive electrode and the water container
The infiltration water contact permeated by the water penetration diaphragm.
2. outdoor emergency purifier according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the water penetration diaphragm is non-conductive material
Water penetration diaphragm made of expecting, the water penetration diaphragm have the permeable micropore of uniform pore size.
3. outdoor emergency purifier according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the water penetration diaphragm is hydrophilic
Aqueous diaphragm.
4. outdoor emergency purifier according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: form plasma in the permeable micropore and put
Electricity.
5. outdoor emergency purifier according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: when using electric discharge, each permeable micropore
In be respectively formed plasma discharge.
6. according to claim 1 to 5 any outdoor emergency purifier, it is characterised in that: the positive electrode and permeable
Property diaphragm is packaged into an integral unit by insulating frame.
7. according to claim 1 to 5 any outdoor emergency purifier, it is characterised in that: the water penetration diaphragm
Permeable aperture is respectively less than the permeable aperture ruler for being equal to 2 millimeters and being more than or equal to all micropores in 1 nanometer and the water penetration diaphragm
It is very little to be differed each other less than 20% between each other.
8. according to claim 1 to 5 any outdoor emergency purifier, it is characterised in that: the water container be set
There is the container of inlet and outlet.
9. according to claim 1 to 5 any outdoor emergency purifier, it is characterised in that: the water penetration diaphragm is
The diaphragm made of according to the following steps:
1) by nanometer titanium dioxide titanium solution ultraviolet case internal irradiation 10-30 minutes that temperature is 40 DEG C -60 DEG C；
2) film liquid is formed by the raw material of following mass ratio:
PVDF:20%-30%
Pore-foaming agent: 2-5%
Nano-titanium dioxide after step 1) irradiation: 2%-4%
Surfactant: 3%-5%
Solvent: 70%-80%；
3) configured film liquid is passed through supersonic oscillations 20-40 minutes；
4) liquid film is spread to knifing machine, liquid film is stood to 10-30 seconds in air, is then immersed in solidification liquid and is frozen into diaphragm；
5) diaphragm is to impregnate 10-40 minutes in 10% alcohol water blend in concentration, is then placed in deionized water and rinses；
6) diaphragm is placed in the pure water tank for being applied with 10kv DC pulse high voltage and is handled 1 hour.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510597638 | 2015-09-20 | ||
| CN2015105976382 | 2015-09-20 |
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| CN105692819A CN105692819A (en) | 2016-06-22 |
| CN105692819B true CN105692819B (en) | 2019-01-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610215335.4A Active CN105692819B (en) | 2015-09-20 | 2016-04-08 | Outdoor emergency purifier |
| CN201620287666.4U Withdrawn - After Issue CN205527907U (en) | 2015-09-20 | 2016-04-08 | Outdoor emergent purifier |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620287666.4U Withdrawn - After Issue CN205527907U (en) | 2015-09-20 | 2016-04-08 | Outdoor emergent purifier |
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| CN105692819B (en) * | 2015-09-20 | 2019-01-15 | 大连双迪创新科技研究院有限公司 | Outdoor emergency purifier |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101921032A (en) * | 2010-09-10 | 2010-12-22 | 北京大学 | Electrolytic deposition-membrane separation combined treatment device for electrolytic zinc rinse wastewater |
| CN103936109A (en) * | 2014-04-12 | 2014-07-23 | 大连双迪创新科技研究院有限公司 | Drinking water electrolysis preparation device |
| CN205527907U (en) * | 2015-09-20 | 2016-08-31 | 大连双迪创新科技研究院有限公司 | Outdoor emergent purifier |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101351223B1 (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2014-01-14 | 한국전력공사 | Recovery process of metal ions from the seawater |
-
2016
- 2016-04-08 CN CN201610215335.4A patent/CN105692819B/en active Active
- 2016-04-08 CN CN201620287666.4U patent/CN205527907U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101921032A (en) * | 2010-09-10 | 2010-12-22 | 北京大学 | Electrolytic deposition-membrane separation combined treatment device for electrolytic zinc rinse wastewater |
| CN103936109A (en) * | 2014-04-12 | 2014-07-23 | 大连双迪创新科技研究院有限公司 | Drinking water electrolysis preparation device |
| CN205527907U (en) * | 2015-09-20 | 2016-08-31 | 大连双迪创新科技研究院有限公司 | Outdoor emergent purifier |
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|---|---|
| CN105692819A (en) | 2016-06-22 |
| CN205527907U (en) | 2016-08-31 |
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