CN105689643A - Fast casting preparation method for steel-based abrasion-resistant and corrosion-resistant coating based on 3D printing - Google Patents
Fast casting preparation method for steel-based abrasion-resistant and corrosion-resistant coating based on 3D printing Download PDFInfo
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- CN105689643A CN105689643A CN201610055836.0A CN201610055836A CN105689643A CN 105689643 A CN105689643 A CN 105689643A CN 201610055836 A CN201610055836 A CN 201610055836A CN 105689643 A CN105689643 A CN 105689643A
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- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000005495 investment casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 emergy Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;methane Chemical compound C.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000006255 coating slurry Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 10
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GFPUQEPTYWFAHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate;toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1.CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO GFPUQEPTYWFAHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)(=O)O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- VLCAYQIMSMPEBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 3-hydroxy-2-methylidenebutanoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(=C)C(C)O VLCAYQIMSMPEBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 1
- CEHHGEQOHMSYEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methyl-n-prop-2-enoylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound C=CC(=O)N(C)C(=O)C=C CEHHGEQOHMSYEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007712 rapid solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009757 thermoplastic moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/02—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for making reinforced articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/16—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for making compound objects cast of two or more different metals, e.g. for making rolls for rolling mills
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
- B22F1/103—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material containing an organic binding agent comprising a mixture of, or obtained by reaction of, two or more components other than a solvent or a lubricating agent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/22—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip
- B22F3/227—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip by organic binder assisted extrusion
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/058—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium without Mo and W
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0052—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides
Abstract
The invention provides a fast casting preparation method for a steel-based abrasion-resistant and corrosion-resistant coating based on 3D printing and belongs to the technical field of metal-based composite preparation. The fast casting preparation method comprises the steps that nickel-based alloy powder, WC powder, TiC powder, ferrochromium powder, fluxing agents and the like are mixed uniformly, added into a prepared premixed solution along with a proper amount of dispersing agents and stirred uniformly, and low-viscosity and high-solid-content coating slurry is obtained; the metal slurry and wax-based mold materials are printed synchronously in a partitioned mode through a combined double-spray-nozzle 3D printing device, and a casting prototype wax mold is obtained, wherein a certain working area of the casting is provided with the abrasion-resistant and corrosion-resistant coating; and investment casting procedures including shell making, demolding and high-temperature roasting are conducted on the mold, then high-temperature molten steel is poured, and the precise casting with the steel-based surface abrasion-resistant and corrosion-resistant coating can be manufactured after cooling and aftertreatment are conducted. The casting manufactured through the fast casting preparation method is high in dimension precision, the surface quality of the abrasion-resistant and corrosion-resistant coating is good, and metallurgical bonding between the coating and a steel matrix is achieved; and the toughness of a matrix material is guaranteed in the using process, the high abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance of a service area are improved, and accordingly the comprehensive performance of the casting is more excellent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of based on the 3D base steel abrasion-proof anti-corrosion coating Rapid Precision Casting preparation method printed。Particularly relate to the base steel abrasion-proof anti-corrosion coating Rapid Precision Casting preparation method adopting investment precision casting technology, cladding coating and many shower nozzles 3D printing technique to combine, belong to metal-base composites preparing technical field。
Background technology
Demand along with the progress of preparation technology and commercial Application, develop the preparation technology of multiple steel-based composite surface material at present, wherein surface-coating technology is a kind of composition, organizational structure and performance making material surface acquisition special, wearability can not only be improved, give the economy of the specific functions such as part high temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant, resisting fatigue, anti-spoke conduction, magnetic conduction, suction ripple and effective means simultaneously。Cladding coating technology is to adopt powder metallurgy process, low melting point self-fluxing alloy powder and hard phase powder (carbide, boride, nitride etc.) are coated on iron and steel parts work surface, powder is made to be in semi-molten state by heating, and occur to dissolve and diffusion with matrix material, thus obtaining that there is metallurgical binding hard coat wear-resisting, erosion-resisting at matrix surface。Part service life can be extended, improve equipment operation rate。But surface is complex-shaped and require the parts that precision is high, by the restriction of existing manufacture level, there is the composite material parts manufacture difficulty such as surface abrasion resistance damages, corrosion-resistant, structure is complicated very big, manufacturing cost is significantly high。
Precision-investment casting is a kind of new near-net-shape advanced technologies, is coat several layers of refractory material at wax pattern surface, after its dry through, goes to can be made into shell by molten for wax-pattern therein, then through roasting, then pours into a mould, and obtain a kind of manufacture method of foundry goods。The product that it obtains is accurate, complicated, close to part final form, can not process or seldom processing just directly uses, and its application is widely。But traditional precision-investment casting method requires over mould or machining manufactures fusible pattern, complex manufacturing, construction cycle length, manufacturing cost are high, the accuracy of manufacture is wayward, especially the fusible pattern of some complex shape part makes abnormal difficult, substantial amounts of human and material resources and financial resources need to be expended, it is difficult to the quick manufacture of complex precise foundry goods, directly affects the development efficiency of product。Therefore, in the urgent need to finding a kind of method making fusible pattern fast and accurately, fusible pattern production method traditional at present is replaced。
3D printing technique is the emerging technology that manufacture field is developing rapidly, the manufacturing theory of 3D printing technique is based on the thought of " increasing material manufacture ", it is the technology being manufactured object by printhead, nozzle or other printing deposition technique, mainly includes SLA, FDM, SLS, LOM etc.。The cold printing technique of 3D be one can under room temperature or low temperature (< 100 DEG C) condition the novel 3D printing technique of printing shaping metal parts, it is to be ejected on print platform by the metal slip of low-viscosity, high solid loading by printer head, cause organic monomer polyreaction in slip in modes such as chemistry or thermal initiation simultaneously, make metal slip rapid solidification, it is achieved the successively printing of metal parts base substrate。Fusion sediment shapes (FDM), is known as again fuse sedimentation, is with thermoplastic molding materials silk for material, is successively piled into physical model or part by bottom to top。
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of rational technology, consuming time short, efficiency is high, and production cost is low, can manufacture the base steel abrasion-proof anti-corrosion coating composite fast preparation method that surface configuration is complicated and precision size degree is high。
For realizing the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, the present invention provides a kind of based on the 3D base steel abrasion-proof anti-corrosion coating Rapid Precision Casting preparation method printed, and concrete step of preparation process is as follows:
(1) according to foundry goods wear-and corrosion-resistant working sections contour line, draw out the compound casting prototype three-dimensional model diagram with coating structure specific region, and set painting layer segment by the cold printing head printing of coating slurry 3D, body portion is printed by wax-pattern fusion sediment (FDM) printing head, to compound casting prototype threedimensional model its adopt hierarchy slicing to process be converted into by three-dimensional CAD figure can by the lamella graphic file of 3D printing equipment identification。
(2) coating Pulp preparation: by predetermined ratio by Ni60 nickel-base alloy powder, carbonized titanium powder, tungsten carbide powder, ferrochrome powder and flux ball milling in ball mill, make wear-and corrosion-resistant cladding coating powder, join in the premixed liquid prepared together with appropriate dispersant again, the prepared low-viscosity that stirs, high solid loading coating slip。
(3) cast model 3D prints: the wear-and corrosion-resistant coating slip printed material prepared and wax-pattern printed material are delivered to the coating cold printing head of slurry 3D and wax-pattern fusion sediment (FDM) printing head respectively；Then the lamella graphic file imported according to step (1), synchronizes subregion printing and obtains having certain thickness wear-and corrosion-resistant coating cast prototype model。
(4) investment casting shell makes: the foundry goods prototype model surface with wear-and corrosion-resistant coating is sticked with wax running gate system, carry out repeatedly the operation of successively hanging stucco shell again, obtain investment casting shell, dewax after shell is fully hardened, from shell, remove wax-pattern；Place into and in high-temperature roasting furnace, carry out high-temperature roasting。
(5) cast molten steel: by roasting shell surrounding filling moulding, the high-temperature molten steel that cast melting is qualified, under high-temperature molten steel and capillary force etc. act on so that coating powder semi-molten and with molten steel counterdiffusion, thus generating at iron and steel casting surface cladding, there is the coating of wear and corrosion behavior。
(6) shelling, cleaning: after foundry goods is cooled to room temperature, carry out shelling, excising dead head and removing surface, can produce and there is certain thickness steel substrate surface wear-and corrosion-resistant coating cast。
It is preferably based on the 3D base steel abrasion-proof anti-corrosion coating Rapid Precision Casting preparation method printed, in step (1), foundry goods wear-and corrosion-resistant work surface contour line, determine according to work surface abrasion and corrosion failure region in foundry goods under arms process。
Preferably, based on the 3D base steel abrasion-proof anti-corrosion coating Rapid Precision Casting preparation method printed, in step (2), wear-and corrosion-resistant cladding coating powder includes granularity 20-200 μm of nickel-base alloy powder 15wt%-70wt%, 20-200 μm carbonized titanium powder 0wt%-20wt%, 40-150 μm tungsten carbide powder 0wt%-20wt%, 40-280 μm ferrochrome powder 2wt%-40wt% and flux Borax powder 2wt%-8wt%。
Being preferably based on the 3D base steel abrasion-proof anti-corrosion coating Rapid Precision Casting preparation method printed, in step (2), described coating powder Ball-milling Time in ball mill is 4-12h。
Being preferably based on the 3D base steel abrasion-proof anti-corrosion coating Rapid Precision Casting preparation method printed, in step (2), dispersant is oleic acid and the ammonia of 0.01wt%～0.2wt%。
Preferably, based on the 3D base steel abrasion-proof anti-corrosion coating Rapid Precision Casting preparation method printed, in step (2), premixed liquid is hydroxyethyl methylacrylate-toluene gel rubber system premixed liquid or aqueous gel system premixed liquid, and wherein in hydroxyethyl methylacrylate-toluene gel rubber system premixed liquid, organic monomer hydroxyethyl methylacrylate concentration is 30vol%～60vol%；In aqueous gel system premixed liquid, organic monomer acrylamide, methyl diacrylamine or NVP concentration are 20wt%～25wt%。
Being preferably based on the 3D base steel abrasion-proof anti-corrosion coating Rapid Precision Casting preparation method printed, in step (2), low-viscosity, k value 0.8～1Pa s of coating slip of high solid loading, solid concentration are 30vol%～60vol%。
Preferably, based on the 3D base steel abrasion-proof anti-corrosion coating Rapid Precision Casting preparation method printed, in step (3), the cold printing of metal slip 3D is that coating slip is ejected into continuously and quantitatively on print platform by the coating cold printing head of slurry 3D by cross sectional shape, control auxiliary nozzle simultaneously and spray a certain amount of catalyst n, N, N ' N '-tetramethylethylenediamine and initiator ammonium persulfate mixing liquid, make the slip fast setting being ejected on print platform, the cold printing head of coating paste 3D and wax-pattern fusion sediment (FDM) printing head print by respective print area one after the other set by step (1), so repeatedly and stacked in multi-layers, obtain outside and there is certain thickness wear-and corrosion-resistant coating, inside is the foundry goods 3D prototype model of wax-pattern。
Being preferably based on the 3D base steel abrasion-proof anti-corrosion coating Rapid Precision Casting preparation method printed, in step (3), described printing wear-and corrosion-resistant coating layer thickness is determined by cross sectional shape, and coating print thickness is 0.5-20mm。
Preferably, based on the 3D base steel abrasion-proof anti-corrosion coating Rapid Precision Casting preparation method printed, in step (4), described hanging stucco shell, employing Ludox or the coating hanging that silester is binder making, every hanging once correspondence spreads one layer of sand, is so repeatedly performed 4-6 time, after its dry hardening, shell completes。According to different foundry goods, shell sand processed can be selected for quartz sand, emergy, zircon sand and magnesia etc.。
Being preferably based on the 3D base steel abrasion-proof anti-corrosion coating Rapid Precision Casting preparation method printed, in step (4), described shell dewaxing adopts high pressure steam process or high temperature flash burning method to dewax。
It is preferably based on the 3D base steel abrasion-proof anti-corrosion coating Rapid Precision Casting preparation method printed, in step (4), described shell high-temperature roasting, be by dewaxing after shell be sent directly in high-temperature roasting furnace roasting, be stepped up furnace temperature during roasting, shell heated to 800～1100 DEG C。
Preferably, based on the 3D base steel abrasion-proof anti-corrosion coating Rapid Precision Casting preparation method printed, high-temperature molten steel described in step (5) is any one in carbon steel, steel alloy, cast iron, rustless steel and nickel, cobalt base superalloy, can melting in electric arc furnace or electric induction furnace。
It is preferably based on the 3D base steel abrasion-proof anti-corrosion coating Rapid Precision Casting preparation method printed, cast(ing) surface wear-and corrosion-resistant coating layer thickness 1-25mm。
Preferably, based on the 3D base steel abrasion-proof anti-corrosion coating Rapid Precision Casting preparation method printed, cast(ing) surface wear-and corrosion-resistant coating is mainly made up of coat powder and molten steel counterdiffusion, in cast(ing) surface wear-and corrosion-resistant coating, WC particle bulk volume fraction is 0-20%, TiC particle percent in volume is 0-30%, and alloyed cementite percentage by volume is 10-30%, γ-(Ni, Fe) solid solution percentage by volume is 10-30%, all the other matrix for constituting after molten steel diffusion solidification。
It is preferably based on the 3D base steel abrasion-proof anti-corrosion coating Rapid Precision Casting preparation method printed, described cast(ing) surface wear-and corrosion-resistant coating hardness HRC55-69。
Beneficial effects of the present invention is as follows:
(1) utilize 3D to print the quick manufacture that can realize complex-shaped precision casting, and without mould, the product that it obtains, close to part final form, can not be processed or seldom processing just directly uses。
(2) the composite castings dimensional accuracy that produces is high, wear-and corrosion-resistant coating surface quality good and with steel substrate metallurgical binding, and coating structure designs and has sufficient degree of freedom；
(3) the steel substrate surface wear-and corrosion-resistant coating composite material foundry goods prepared, in use both ensure that the toughness of matrix material, had improve again high-wearing feature and the corrosion resistance in military service region, the combination property of improving product。Described cast(ing) surface wear-and corrosion-resistant coating hardness HRC55-69。
(4) the whole technological process of production is relatively easy, reliable, prints the manufacturing cycle that can shorten part based on 3D, reduces foundry goods manufacturing cost, improves the research and development development efficiency of product；
(5) metal-base composites being particularly suitable for surface abrasion resistance anti-corrosion and complex-shaped quickly manufactures, and has good commercial application prospect。
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1: based on the preparation of the 3D steel substrate surface wear-and corrosion-resistant coating centrifugal pump impeller printed。
First the three-dimensional CAD physical model of " centrifugal pump impeller " foundry goods is drawn, according to " centrifugal pump impeller " wear-and corrosion-resistant working sections contour line, drawing out " centrifugal pump impeller " foundry goods prototype three-dimensional model diagram with coating structure, adopting hierarchy slicing process to be converted into by three-dimensional CAD figure it can by the lamella graphic file of 3D printing equipment identification。
Weigh the Ni60 alloyed powder 600g of granularity 100 μm, the tungsten carbide powder 100g of 50 μm, the carbonized titanium powder 210g of 50 μm, the ferrochrome powder 50g of 150 μm and Borax 40g, ball mill mixes 8h, makes wear-and corrosion-resistant cladding coating powder。
Mixed powder is joined in hydroxyethyl methylacrylate-toluene gel rubber system premixed liquid that organic monomer hydroxyethyl methylacrylate concentration is 50vol%, add the oleic acid stirring of 0.01wt%, make the metal slip that solid concentration is about 55vol%。
The wear-and corrosion-resistant coating metal slip printed material prepared and wax-pattern printed material are delivered to the cold printing head of metallic slurry 3D and wax-pattern printing head respectively；The lamella graphic file being then introduced into, synchronizes subregion and prints the centrifugal pump impeller foundry goods prototype model obtaining having wear-and corrosion-resistant coating, coating layer thickness 4-6mm。
Hanging stucco shell is carried out after this foundry goods prototype model surface is sticked with wax running gate system, often hang the coating correspondence once prepared by Ludox and spread one layer of sand, surface layer sand selects the quartz sand of 80-100 order, hanging stucco again after hardening is dried Deng surface shell, progressively adopting granularity after the second layer is thicker for 0.3-1.0mm quartz sand, so repeating 5 hangings stucco operation, then seal mortar treatent, after its dry hardening, shell completes。
Quickly being put into by shell in the roaster of about 900 DEG C, make the fusible pattern of shell to melt rapidly, the shell after dewaxing after the natural drying of 2h, is put in high-temperature roasting furnace in dry air, is to slowly warm up to 1000 DEG C, is incubated 1h。
Roasting shell is placed in ferrum case, and fills with drystone sand。Melted low-alloy steel molten steel is directly poured into shell cup, and pouring temperature is 1530 ± 30 DEG C。
After foundry goods is cooled to room temperature, it is placed on vibrations hulling machine and shakes shelling, excision dead head, carry out surface sand-blasting process, obtaining based on the 3D steel substrate surface wear-and corrosion-resistant coating centrifugal pump impeller printed, wear-and corrosion-resistant coating and low alloy steel substrate are metallurgical binding, and surface quality is good, coating layer thickness is 4～6mm, hardness 52～62HRC。
Embodiment 2: based on the preparation of the 3D steel substrate surface wear-and corrosion-resistant coating Pulp pump spiral case printed。
First the three-dimensional CAD physical model of " Pulp pump spiral case " foundry goods is drawn, according to inefficacy eroded area in " Pulp pump spiral case " military service process, drawing out " Pulp pump spiral case " the foundry goods prototype three-dimensional model diagram with wear-and corrosion-resistant coating structure, adopting hierarchy slicing process to be converted into by three-dimensional CAD figure it can by the lamella graphic file of 3D printing equipment identification。
Weigh the Ni60 alloyed powder 1200g of granularity 50 μm, the tungsten carbide powder 420g of 150 μm, the carbonized titanium powder 200g of 100 μm, the ferrochrome powder 100g of 150 μm and Borax 80g, ball mill mixes 10h, makes wear-and corrosion-resistant cladding coating powder。
Mixed powder is joined in hydroxyethyl methylacrylate-toluene gel rubber system premixed liquid that organic monomer hydroxyethyl methylacrylate concentration is 50vol%, add the oleic acid stirring of 0.01wt%, make the metal slip that solid concentration is about 50vol%。
The wear-and corrosion-resistant coating metal slip printed material prepared and wax-pattern printed material are delivered to the cold printing head of metallic slurry 3D and wax-pattern printing head respectively；The lamella graphic file being then introduced into, synchronizes subregion and prints the Pulp pump spiral case foundry goods prototype model obtaining having wear-and corrosion-resistant coating, coating layer thickness 8-10mm。
Hanging stucco shell is carried out after Pulp pump spiral case prototype model surface is sticked with wax running gate system, often hang the coating correspondence once prepared by Ludox and spread one layer of sand, surface layer sand selects the quartz sand of 80-100 order, hanging stucco again after hardening is dried Deng surface shell, progressively adopting granularity after the second layer is thicker for 0.3-1.0mm quartz sand, so repeating 6 hangings stucco operation, then seal mortar treatent, after its dry hardening, shell completes。
Quickly being put into by shell in the roaster of about 900 DEG C, make the fusible pattern of shell to melt rapidly, the shell after dewaxing after the natural drying of 3h, is put in high-temperature roasting furnace in dry air, is to slowly warm up to 1000 DEG C, is incubated 2h。
Roasting shell is placed in ferrum case, and fills with drystone sand。Melted rich chromium cast iron molten iron is directly poured into shell cup, and pouring temperature is 1480 ± 30 DEG C。
After foundry goods is cooled to room temperature, employing water under high pressure shells, excision dead head, carry out surface sand-blasting process, obtaining based on the 3D rich chromium cast iron primary surface wear-and corrosion-resistant coating Pulp pump spiral case printed, wear-and corrosion-resistant coating and rich chromium cast iron matrix are metallurgical binding, and surface quality is good, coating layer thickness is 8～10mm, hardness 56～65HRC。
Embodiment 3: based on the preparation of the 3D steel substrate surface wear-and corrosion-resistant coating flue gas desulfurization pump printed。
First the three-dimensional CAD physical model of " flue gas desulfurization pump " is drawn, according to " flue gas desulfurization pump " wear-and corrosion-resistant working sections contour line, drawing out " flue gas desulfurization pump " the foundry goods prototype three-dimensional model diagram with coating structure, adopting hierarchy slicing process to be converted into by three-dimensional CAD figure it can by the lamella graphic file of 3D printing equipment identification。
Weigh the Ni60 alloyed powder 600g of granularity 100 μm, the carbonized titanium powder 250g of 50 μm, the ferrochrome powder 100g of 150 μm and Borax 50g, ball mill mixes 8h, makes wear-and corrosion-resistant cladding coating powder。
Wear-and corrosion-resistant cladding coating powder mixed in advance is joined in the aqueous gel system premixed liquid that organic monomer acrylamide concentration is 20wt%, add the oleic acid stirring of 0.02wt%, and use ammonia to regulate PH to 10, make the metal slip that solid concentration is about 50vol%。
The wear-and corrosion-resistant coating metal slip printed material prepared and wax-pattern printed material are delivered to the cold printing head of metallic slurry 3D and wax-pattern printing head respectively；The lamella graphic file being then introduced into, synchronizes subregion and prints the flue gas desulfurization pump foundry goods prototype model obtaining having wear-and corrosion-resistant coating, coating layer thickness 2-4mm。
Hanging stucco shell is carried out after flue gas desulfurization pump prototype model surface is sticked with wax running gate system, often hang the coating correspondence once prepared by Ludox and spread one layer of sand, surface layer sand selects the zircon sand of 100-150 order, hanging stucco again after hardening is dried Deng surface shell, progressively adopting granularity after the second layer is thicker for 0.3-1.0mm Mo Laisha, so repeating 4 hangings stucco operation, then seal mortar treatent, after its dry hardening, shell completes。
Quickly being put into by shell in the roaster of about 900 DEG C, make the fusible pattern of shell to melt rapidly, the shell after dewaxing after the natural drying of 2h, is put in high-temperature roasting furnace in dry air, is to slowly warm up to 1000 DEG C, is incubated 1h。
Roasting shell is placed in ferrum case, and fills with drystone sand。Melted 316L stainless molten steel is directly poured into shell cup, and pouring temperature is 1560 ± 50 DEG C。
After foundry goods is cooled to room temperature, it is placed on vibrations hulling machine and shakes shelling, excision dead head, carry out surface sand-blasting process, obtaining based on the 3D steel substrate surface wear-and corrosion-resistant coating flue gas desulfurization pump printed, wear-and corrosion-resistant coating and 316L stainless steel base are metallurgical binding, and surface quality is good, coating layer thickness is 2～4mm, hardness 52～59HRC。
Furthermore, it is necessary to illustrate, the above content described in this specification is only the illustration that the present invention is done。Described specific embodiment can be made various amendment or supplements or adopt similar mode to substitute by those skilled in the art; without departing from the content of description of the present invention or surmount the scope that present claims book is defined, protection scope of the present invention all should be belonged to。
Claims (10)
1. the base steel abrasion-proof anti-corrosion coating Rapid Precision Casting preparation method based on 3D printing, it is characterised in that:
(1) according to foundry goods wear-and corrosion-resistant working sections contour line, draw out the compound casting prototype three-dimensional model diagram with coating structure specific region, and set painting layer segment by the cold printing head printing of metallic slurry 3D, body portion is printed by wax-pattern fusion sediment (FDM) printing head, to compound casting prototype threedimensional model its adopt hierarchy slicing to process be converted into by three-dimensional CAD figure can by the lamella graphic file of 3D printing equipment identification；
(2) coating Pulp preparation: by predetermined ratio by Ni60 nickel-base alloy powder, carbonized titanium powder, tungsten carbide powder, ferrochrome powder and flux ball milling in ball mill, make wear-and corrosion-resistant cladding coating powder, join in the premixed liquid prepared together with appropriate dispersant again, the prepared low-viscosity that stirs, high solid loading coating slip；
(3) cast model 3D prints: the wear-and corrosion-resistant coating slip printed material prepared and wax-pattern printed material are delivered to the coating cold printing head of slurry 3D and wax-pattern fusion sediment (FDM) printing head respectively；Then the lamella graphic file imported according to step (1), synchronizes subregion printing and obtains having certain thickness wear-and corrosion-resistant coating cast 3D prototype model；
(4) investment casting shell makes: the foundry goods prototype model surface with wear-and corrosion-resistant coating is sticked with wax running gate system, carry out repeatedly the operation of successively hanging stucco shell again, obtain investment casting shell, dewax after shell is fully hardened, from shell, remove wax-pattern；Place into and in high-temperature roasting furnace, carry out high-temperature roasting；
(5) cast molten steel: by roasting shell surrounding filling moulding, the high-temperature molten steel that cast melting is qualified, under high-temperature molten steel and capillary force etc. act on so that coating powder semi-molten and with molten steel counterdiffusion, thus generating at iron and steel casting surface cladding, there is the coating of wear and corrosion behavior；
(6) shelling, cleaning: after foundry goods is cooled to room temperature, carry out shelling, excising dead head and removing surface, can produce and there is certain thickness steel substrate surface wear-and corrosion-resistant coating cast。
2. according to claim 1 a kind of based on the 3D base steel abrasion-proof anti-corrosion coating Rapid Precision Casting preparation method printed, it is characterized in that: in step (2), described wear-and corrosion-resistant cladding coating powder includes granularity 20-200 μm of nickel-base alloy powder 15wt%-70wt%, 20-200 μm carbonized titanium powder 0wt%-20wt%, 40-150 μm tungsten carbide powder 0wt%-20wt%, 40-280 μm ferrochrome powder 2wt%-40wt% and flux Borax powder 2wt%-8wt%。
3. according to claim 1 a kind of based on the 3D base steel abrasion-proof anti-corrosion coating Rapid Precision Casting preparation method printed, it is characterised in that: in step (2), described coating powder Ball-milling Time in ball mill is 4-12h。
4. according to claim 1 a kind of based on the 3D base steel abrasion-proof anti-corrosion coating Rapid Precision Casting preparation method printed, it is characterized in that: in step (3), described synchronization subregion prints and refers to that each cross section is all printed by respective print area one after the other set by step (1) by the cold printing head of coating paste 3D and wax-pattern fusion sediment (FDM) printing head, so repeatedly and stacked in multi-layers, obtain coating structure specific region and there is certain thickness wear-and corrosion-resistant coating, the internal foundry goods 3D prototype model for wax-pattern。
5. according to claim 1 a kind of based on the 3D base steel abrasion-proof anti-corrosion coating Rapid Precision Casting preparation method printed, it is characterized in that: in step (3), described printing wear-and corrosion-resistant coating layer thickness is determined by cross sectional shape, and coating print thickness is 0.5-20mm。
6. according to claim 1 a kind of based on the 3D base steel abrasion-proof anti-corrosion coating Rapid Precision Casting preparation method printed, it is characterized in that: in step (4), described hanging stucco shell, employing Ludox or the coating hanging that silester is binder making, every hanging once correspondence spreads one layer of sand, so being repeatedly performed 4-6 time, after its dry hardening, shell completes；According to different foundry goods, shell sand processed can be selected for quartz sand, emergy, zircon sand and magnesia。
7. according to claim 1 a kind of based on the 3D base steel abrasion-proof anti-corrosion coating Rapid Precision Casting preparation method printed, it is characterised in that: in step (4), described shell dewaxing adopts high pressure steam process or high temperature flash burning method to dewax；Described shell high-temperature roasting, be by dewaxing after shell be sent directly in high-temperature roasting furnace roasting, be stepped up furnace temperature during roasting, shell heated to 800～1100 DEG C。
8. according to claim 1 a kind of based on the 3D base steel abrasion-proof anti-corrosion coating Rapid Precision Casting preparation method printed, it is characterized in that: high-temperature molten steel described in step (5) is any one in carbon steel, steel alloy, cast iron, rustless steel and nickel, cobalt base superalloy, melting in electric arc furnace or electric induction furnace。
9. according to claim 1 a kind of based on the 3D base steel abrasion-proof anti-corrosion coating Rapid Precision Casting preparation method printed, it is characterised in that: described cast(ing) surface wear-and corrosion-resistant coating layer thickness 1-25mm。
10. according to claim 1 a kind of based on the 3D base steel abrasion-proof anti-corrosion coating Rapid Precision Casting preparation method printed, it is characterized in that: cast(ing) surface wear-and corrosion-resistant coating is mainly made up of coat powder and high-temperature molten steel counterdiffusion, in cast(ing) surface wear-and corrosion-resistant coating, WC particle bulk volume fraction is 0-20%, TiC particle percent in volume is 0-30%, alloyed cementite percentage by volume is 10-30%, γ-(Ni, Fe) solid solution percentage by volume is 10-30%, all the other matrix for constituting after molten steel diffusion solidification。
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| CN117300111B (en) * | 2023-11-27 | 2024-01-23 | 山东永捷热能科技有限公司 | Casting device and method for producing gas casting silicon-aluminum hot water boiler |
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