CN105679608A

CN105679608A - Electromagnetic switch and vehicle starter

Info

Publication number: CN105679608A
Application number: CN201410652794.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈国军; 史红霞
Original assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH
Current assignee: German Auto Parts Co Ltd Thorne Lattice
Priority date: 2014-11-17
Filing date: 2014-11-17
Publication date: 2016-06-15
Anticipated expiration: 2034-11-17
Also published as: EP3021343B1; CN105679608B; EP3021343A1; BR102015028567A8; BR102015028567A2; HUE051272T2; BR102015028567B1

Abstract

The invention discloses a vehicle starter and an electromagnetic switch. The electromagnetic switch comprises a switch shell, an electromagnetic iron core, a sheath and a fixing ring, wherein the electromagnetic iron core is supported by the switch shell in an axial movable manner; the sheath is arranged between the electromagnetic iron core and the switch shell for sealing; the fixing ring is used for fixing the sheath on the switch shell, wherein a first axial limiting structure for keeping the axial position between the sheath and the switch shell is arranged between the sheath and the switch shell; and a second axial limiting structure for keeping the axial position between the fixing ring and the sheath is arranged on the sheath. According to the electromagnetic switch and the vehicle starter, the service lives of the sheath and the fixing ring can be prolonged.

Description

Electromagnetic switch and vehicle starter

Technical field

The application relates to a kind of for the electromagnetic switch in vehicle starter and the vehicle starter comprising this electromagnetic switch.

Background technology

The starter of motor vehicles is generally controlled to drive the action of gear by electromagnetic switch so that drive gear to engage with the mate gear on engine flywheel and drive the bent axle of electromotor to rotate. Fig. 1 illustrates a kind of existing electromagnetic switch, and this electromagnetic switch specifically includes that switch case 1; It is arranged on the solenoid 2 in switch case 1; It is slidably mounted on the electromagnetic core 3 in switch case 1; By the fixing pull bar 4 carried of electromagnetic core 3, it is used for driving driving gear shifter yoke 5 to pivot; It is fixed on the end shield 6 in switch case 1; And it is arranged on the sheath 7 between electromagnetic core 3 and switch case 1, generally it is made up of rubber, is used for preventing in water or other foreign body access switch housing 1.

It is anterior that the front portion of sheath 7 is clamped in electromagnetic core 3, and the rear portion of sheath 7 is clamped in by retainer ring 8 on the boss 9 of the front end of switch case 1, and retainer ring 8 itself is spacing by end shield 6. As in figure 2 it is shown, end shield 6 has some installation portions 10, it is used for by screw through so that end shield 6 is fixed to switch case 1. Installation portion 10 is incomplete general cylindrical shape, that be on inside it and form opposed seamed edge, and the rear end of each seamed edge processes breach and forms step 11, and these steps are for supporting the rear end of retainer ring 8, so that retainer ring 8 is spacing vertically.

In this electromagnetic switch, the Area of bearing that the step 11 on end shield 6 provides for retainer ring 8 is too little, it is easy to cause that retainer ring 8 is damaged. Additionally, the concentricity requirement between end shield 6 and switch case 1 is higher, otherwise end shield 6 can on different parts through retainer ring 8 with different pressure extrusion sheaths 7, thus causing that sheath 7 is impaired after operating after a while.

Summary of the invention

The application aim to solve the problem that sheath in the electromagnetic switch in the vehicle starter of prior art and retainer ring service life shorter problem.

For this, according to the application aspect, it is provided that a kind of for the electromagnetic switch in vehicle starter, comprising: switch case; The electromagnetic core that axially displaceably carry by switch case; The sheath sealed is realized between electromagnetic core and switch case; And retainer ring, sheath is fixed in switch case by it; Wherein, it is provided with between sheath and switch case and keeps the first axial limit structure of axial location between sheath and switch case; And sheath is provided with and keeps the second axial limit structure of axial location between retainer ring and sheath.

According to a kind of embodiments possible, described first axial limit structure includes being formed the protuberance in sheath and switch case and/or groove, and formed in sheath and switch case another on fit and/or protuberance.

According to a kind of embodiments possible, described switch case has body and the boss from body projection forward, and the rear portion of described sheath is clamped on described boss by retainer ring, and described first axial limit structure is formed on the rear portion of described sheath and described boss.

According to a kind of embodiments possible, described protuberance is the form of prominent ring, and described groove is the form of the cannelure coordinated with described prominent ring.

The shape of cross section of described prominent ring and cannelure is preferably rectangular, hook-type, swallow-tail form.

According to a kind of embodiments possible, described second axial limit structure includes forming the step on the periphery of described sheath.

It is circular that described step preferably extends around sheath periphery.

According to a kind of embodiments possible, described retainer ring is the form of whole circle annulus. Such retainer ring is preferably made up of elastomeric material such as rubber.

Or, described retainer ring is the form of split ring. Such retainer ring preferably has self-locking structure or equipped with by the locking member of its locking.

According to a kind of embodiments possible, the front portion of described sheath seals slidingly against and is set on electromagnetic core.

According to a kind of embodiments possible, described sheath is elastically deformable, and its front portion is fixed on electromagnetic core and servo-actuated in electromagnetic core.

According to a kind of embodiments possible, the front portion of described electromagnetic core has ledge, the front portion of described sheath constitutes radially inwardly extending leading section, and described leading section is installed around described ledge, and the element that is locked is locked in the main part of electromagnetic core.

According to a kind of embodiments possible, the leading section of described sheath is formed with the elastic protrusion of the main part towards electromagnetic core, and described elastic protrusion is squeezed in the main part of electromagnetic core elastic deformation by described locking element. Such as, described elastic protrusion is form of annular rings, it is possible to be two or more donuts.

An aspect according to the application, it is provided that a kind of vehicle starter, it includes electromagnetic switch described above, in order to control the starting of electromotor.

According to the application, sheath is arranged on by means of retainer ring in switch case, and sheath itself is provided with retainer ring position limiting structure, limits its position without by end shield. So, sheath and retainer ring are all without as impaired because of the effect of end shield in the prior art, such that it is able to extend the service life of sheath and retainer ring.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is a kind of partial sectional view according to the electromagnetic switch in the vehicle starter of prior art.

Fig. 2 is the partial perspective view of the end shield of the electromagnetic switch of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the partial sectional view according to the electromagnetic switch in the vehicle starter of the application;

Fig. 4 is the partial sectional view of the switch case in the electromagnetic switch in Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is the sectional view of the sheath in the electromagnetic switch in Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is the sectional view of the retainer ring in the electromagnetic switch in Fig. 3.

Fig. 7-9 is the side view of several embodiments possible of the retainer ring in Fig. 6.

Detailed description of the invention

Some preferred implementations of the application are described below with reference to accompanying drawings. It may be noted that these accompanying drawings are only for explaining the principle of the application, are therefore not necessarily drawn to scale.

First, utilize Fig. 3 to the electromagnetic switch in the vehicle starter explaining the application.It may be noted that when describing the electromagnetic switch of the application, represent that the word " front " in orientation refers to that, in the axial direction near that side of vehicle motor, " afterwards " refers to that side being axially away from vehicle motor.

As it is shown on figure 3, the electromagnetic switch of the application includes switch case 1, it is for installing the various functional parts of electromagnetic switch. Referring to Fig. 4, switch case 1 has the body 15 of general cylindrical shape, and this body has front bulkhead 16. Switch case 1 also has the general cylindrical shape boss 9 from front bulkhead 16 projection forward, and it is coaxial with body 15. Limiting through hole 17 in front bulkhead 16 and boss 9, it is axially extending from the front end face of boss 9, and leads in the inner space that body 15 limits. Additionally, boss 9 is formed the cannelure 18 inwardly concaved from its outer periphery.

Solenoid 2 is fixedly mounted in body 15. When solenoid 2 is energized, it produces magnetic field.

Electromagnetic core 3 is placed in through hole 17, can slide axially with respect to switch case 1. Under the effect in the magnetic field that solenoid 2 produces, electromagnetic core 3 slides axially backward (in Fig. 3 to the right). After in solenoid 2 power-off, magnetic field disappears, electromagnetic core 3 slides axially forward under the effect of back-moving spring (all compression springs 19 as shown in Figure 3 etc.) (in Fig. 3 to the left) and returns to original position.

Nonmagnetic substance (such as pyrite) lining 11 of general cylindrical shape is arranged in switch case 1, and its front end is plugged in through hole 17, and rear end extends in the inner space of body 15. Lining 11 can provide for electromagnetic core 3 and support and guide effect, and don't the magnetic field that interference solenoid 2 produces.

Fixing in electromagnetic core 3 and carry pull bar 4, this pull bar is used for driving driving gear shifter yoke (not shown) to pivot, so that driving gear to engage with the mate gear on engine flywheel and disengage. The substantial cylindrical ledge 12 that electromagnetic core 3 has a main part and the front end face from main part extends forward. Pull bar 4 can be fixed in electromagnetic core 3 by the crimping of ledge 12.

Sheath 7 is arranged between electromagnetic core 3 and switch case 1, to realize sealing therebetween, is used for preventing in water or other foreign body access switch housing 1. Sheath 7 is generally made up of rubber elastomeric material.

Such as Fig. 3, shown in 5, the single-piece that sheath 7 is formed as one, mainly include conical shaped cylinder portion 20, the leading section 22 that front end edge from cylinder portion 20 extends radially inwardly, the clamping part 21 axially rearwardly extending from the rear end in cylinder portion 20.

The point diameter in cylinder portion 20 is less than rear end diameter. Further, cylinder portion 20 is configured to elastically deformable and is axially compressed. Such as, cylinder portion 20 is configurable to corrugated.

Clamping part 21 is general cylindrical shape, and its internal diameter is substantially equal to or is slightly smaller than the external diameter of boss 9. Clamping part 21 has the prominent ring 24 from inner peripheral surface radially-inwardly projection, and its shape and size are corresponding with the cannelure 18 on boss 9.

Leading section 22 is substantially disc, has the centre bore being highlighted part 12 traverse. Additionally, the rear surface of leading section 22 is formed rearwardly projecting elastic protrusion 23, it is preferred to the projection of form of annular rings, for instance the projection of two or more donut forms.

The front portion of sheath 7 is clamped in the front portion of electromagnetic core 3. Specifically, the centre bore of the ledge 12 traverse leading section 22 of electromagnetic core 3, back-up ring 13 is enclosed on ledge 12, and pushes leading section 22 axially backward, so that projection 23 pushes against front end face the elastic compression deformation of the main part in electromagnetic core 3.In this state, utilize securing member, such as snap in the snap ring 14 in the draw-in groove on ledge 12, back-up ring 13 is locked on ledge 12, thus, the leading section 22 of sheath 7 is clamped on the front end face of the main part of electromagnetic core 3, and seals up the front end face of the main part of electromagnetic core 3 because of the elastic deformation at projection 23 and/or other position, leading section 22. So, leading section 22 can move axially with electromagnetic core 3, and the elastically deformable ability in cylinder portion 20 makes sheath 7 not hinder moving axially of electromagnetic core 3, no matter and electromagnetic core 3 be in what axial location can keep between electromagnetic core 3 and switch case 1 seal.

The rear portion of sheath 7 is clamped on boss 9 by retainer ring 8. Specifically, clamping part 21 is fixed around boss 9. In this, it can be seen that so that it is useful that the internal diameter of clamping part 21 is slightly smaller than the external diameter of boss 9, so can strut by the elasticity of clamping part 21 and deform and banding boss 9.

Additionally, the prominent ring 24 of clamping part 21 coordinates in the cannelure 18 of boss 9, depart from boss 9 to prevent clamping part 21 moved axially forward. Thus, prominent ring 24 defines the clamping part 21 axial limit structure relative to boss 9 (namely sheath 7 is relative to switch case 10) with the fit structure of cannelure 18.

The prominent ring 24 axial location on clamping part 21 is designed to, when prominent ring 24 coordinates in cannelure 18, and the front end face of the body 15 of the rear end proximity switch housing 1 of clamping part 21.

The shape of cross section of prominent ring 24/ cannelure 18 is designed to contribute to axial limiting, for instance, it is possible to adopt the rectangle shown in figure, or any boss 9 that contributes to such as hook-type, swallow-tail form matches with cannelure 18 and the shape that realizes axial lock.

Additionally, the quantity of prominent ring 24/ cannelure 18 does not limit, it is possible to design according to practical structures size and intensity.

Additionally, the position of prominent ring 24/ cannelure 18 is also not limited to shown in figure. Principle according to the application, it is possible to arrange prominent ring 24 and/or cannelure 18 on clamping part 21 and boss 9 alternative one, arranges cannelure 18 and/or the prominent ring 24 of cooperation on another.

Intermediate location place between cylinder portion 20 and clamping part 21, is formed and projects outwardly of step 25. The whole circle annulus that this step 25 preferably extends along the excircle of the intermediate location between cylinder portion 20 and clamping part 21 but it also may be discrete form, for instance multiple arc sections that the excircle along described intermediate location is distributed. The rear end face of step 25 is preferably perpendicular to the central axis of sheath 7. Additionally, step 25 is close but be slightly less than the radial thickness of retainer ring 8 from the highly preferred summary that the outer peripheral face of described intermediate location is radially projecting.

As shown in Figure 6, retainer ring 8 has certain axial width, and this width is corresponding to the axial length between rear end face and the rear end of clamping part 21 of step 25. So, after clamping part 21 is assemblied on boss 9 as shown in Figure 3, retainer ring 8 can be set on clamping part 21, between the rear end face and the front end face of body 15 of step 25, and almost without end-play.

Additionally, the internal diameter that retainer ring 8 is in a state of use is substantially equal to, is preferably smaller than the external diameter of clamping part 21. So, retainer ring 8 can be radially fixed relative to boss 9 by clamping part 21.

Considering the elasticity of clamping part 21, retainer ring 8 internal diameter in a state of use is preferred less than the external diameter of clamping part 21, so clamping part 21 elastic compression can be deformed and further banding boss 9 by the radial compression force of retainer ring 8.

When retainer ring 8 is enclosed within clamping part 21, step 25 is possible to prevent retainer ring 8 to move forward and depart from from clamping part 21. So, step 25 constitutes the retainer ring 8 axial limit structure relative to clamping part 21 (namely relative to sheath 7). Retainer ring 8 it is appreciated that step 25 can have suitable form miscellaneous and shape of cross section, as long as can be stoped to be axially disengaging.

Retainer ring 8 itself can also have various suitable form. Such as, Fig. 7 has illustrated the retainer ring 8 of whole circle form of annular rings. Such retainer ring 8 can be made up of elastomeric material such as rubber, thus retainer ring 8 can be softened and be enclosed within clamping part 21, then retracts again and with enough radial compression force banding clamping parts 21.

Fig. 8 illustrates the flexible fastening ring 8 of split ring form, and it has opening 30, and is made by having sufficiently rigid and elastic material such as steel. As such, it is possible to supportted by opening 30 big and retainer ring 8 is enclosed within clamping part 21, then unclamp again opening 30 so that retainer ring 8 banding clamping part 21.

Fig. 9 illustrates the retainer ring 8 of the opening form with self-locking structure, and it has two free ends that can be separated from each other/lock. The two free end separately after, can retainer ring 8 be enclosed within clamping part 21, then two free ends are locked together so that retainer ring 8 banding clamping part 21. In the example shown in Fig. 9, self-locking structure is the locking tooth 31 on two free ends. The quantity of locking tooth 31 can be multiple, so that the internal diameter of retainer ring 8/compression stress of clamping part 21 is adjustable. The self-locking structure of other form can also adopt.

In a kind of unshowned embodiment, the retainer ring 8 of opening form can be equipped with locking member, for instance the locking member such as screw-type, snap-type, retainer ring 8 to be locked.

Those skilled in the art are under the enlightenment of the principle of the application, it is also possible to envision the retainer ring of other form.

It is appreciated that, principle according to the application, the front portion of switch case 1 can also be configured to other form except boss 9, and, the front portion of electromagnetic core 3 can be configured to other form except ledge 12, is assembled into hermetically between switch case 1 and electromagnetic core 3 by sheath 7 as long as aforementioned manner can be passed through.

It is further appreciated that the front end of sheath 7 is not necessary to be fixed on the front portion of electromagnetic core 3. For example, it is also possible to become sealably to slide axially (such as in its main part or on ledge 12) on electromagnetic core 3 by the Front-end Design of sheath 7. In this case, leading section 22 can be transformed on the corresponding site being slidably fit into electromagnetic core 3 (but not previously described form), and the ability being axially compressed by elastic deformation in cylinder portion 20 can be cancelled.

It may be noted that the electromagnetic switch of the application has the end shield (not shown) being fixed in switch case 1 equally, but, end shield is also not involved in the assembling of sheath 7, and therefore end shield does not contact or act on sheath 7 and retainer ring 8. So, sheath 7 and retainer ring 8 are impaired all without the effect because of end shield, such that it is able to extend the service life of sheath 7 and retainer ring 8.

Additionally, due to sheath 7 need not be assembled by end shield, therefore, the concentricity requirement between end shield and switch case 1 can reduce, and this makes the assembling of end shield be more prone to.

Although describing the application herein with reference to specific embodiment, but scope of the present application being not limited to shown details. When not necessarily departing from the ultimate principle of the application, various amendment can be made for these details.

Claims

1. for the electromagnetic switch in vehicle starter, including:

Switch case (1);

The electromagnetic core (3) that axially displaceably carry by switch case;

The sheath (7) sealed is realized between electromagnetic core and switch case; And

Retainer ring (8), sheath is fixed in switch case by it;

Wherein, it is provided with between sheath and switch case and keeps the first axial limit structure of axial location between sheath and switch case; And

Sheath is provided with and keeps the second axial limit structure of axial location between retainer ring and sheath.

2. electromagnetic switch as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described first axial limit structure includes being formed the protuberance in sheath and switch case one and/or groove, and formed in sheath and switch case another on fit and/or protuberance.

3. electromagnetic switch as claimed in claim 2, wherein, described switch case has body and the boss from body projection forward, and the rear portion of described sheath is clamped on described boss by retainer ring, and described first axial limit structure is formed on the rear portion of described sheath and described boss.

4. electromagnetic switch as claimed in claim 3, wherein, described protuberance is the form of prominent ring, and described groove is the form of the cannelure coordinated with described prominent ring, and the shape of cross section of described prominent ring and cannelure is preferably rectangular, hook-type, swallow-tail form.

5. the electromagnetic switch as according to any one of Claims 1-4, wherein, described second axial limit structure includes forming the step (25) on the periphery of described sheath, and it is circular that it preferably extends around sheath periphery.

6. the electromagnetic switch as according to any one of claim 1 to 5, wherein, described retainer ring is the form of whole circle annulus, it is preferable that be made up of elastomeric material such as rubber; Or

Described retainer ring is the form of split ring, it is preferable that have self-locking structure or equipped with by the locking member of its locking.

7. the electromagnetic switch as according to any one of claim 1 to 6, wherein, the front portion of described sheath seals slidingly against and is set on electromagnetic core; Or

Described sheath is elastically deformable, and its front portion is fixed on electromagnetic core and servo-actuated in electromagnetic core.

8. electromagnetic switch as claimed in claim 7, wherein, the front portion of described electromagnetic core has ledge (12), the front portion of described sheath constitutes radially inwardly extending leading section (22), described leading section is installed around described ledge, and the element that is locked is locked in the main part of electromagnetic core.

9. electromagnetic switch as claimed in claim 8, wherein, the leading section of described sheath is formed with the elastic protrusion of the main part towards electromagnetic core, the projection of such as form of annular rings, can being two or more donuts, described elastic protrusion be squeezed in the main part of electromagnetic core elastic deformation by described locking element.

10. a vehicle starter, including electromagnetic switch as claimed in any one of claims 1-9 wherein, it controls the starting of electromotor.