CN105676293A - Plasma epicenter emission array based on micropore electrode structure - Google Patents

Plasma epicenter emission array based on micropore electrode structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105676293A
CN105676293A CN201610035906.6A CN201610035906A CN105676293A CN 105676293 A CN105676293 A CN 105676293A CN 201610035906 A CN201610035906 A CN 201610035906A CN 105676293 A CN105676293 A CN 105676293A
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metal electrode
metal
electrode
battle array
dielectric layer
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CN105676293B (en
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张连成
黄逸凡
刘振
闫克平
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01VGEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/02Generating seismic energy
    • G01V1/157Generating seismic energy using spark discharges; using exploding wires
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01VGEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/38Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for water-covered areas

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Oceanography (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a plasma epicenter emission array based on the micropore electrode structure. The plasma epicenter emission array comprises a metal electrode D1 connected to high voltage, a metal electrode D2 connected to low voltage and an insulated medium of the multipore structure, the metal electrode D1 is separated from the metal electrode D2 via the insulated medium, and the metal electrode D1 is exposed in water only via micropores of the insulated medium. The high-voltage electrode part makes contact with water body via the micropores in the insulated layer, if the aperture of the mciropores is small sufficiently, electric field and current density in the micropores are distributed uniformly, time for heating the water body is reduced, high field intensity can be maintained when bubbles are generated, and plasma in the bubbles can be excited to discharge; and the insulated layer has certain intensity, so that more internal energy are accumulated in the bubbles, and higher sound pressure and larger bubbles are formed. The plasma epicenter emission array can effectively improve the electroacoustic efficiency, the micropores are arranged reasonably, and bubble pulses can be effectively suppressed.

Description

A kind of plasma body focus based on micro-porous electrode structure launches battle array
Technical field
The invention belongs to plasma body focus technical field, it is specifically related to a kind of plasma body focus based on micro-porous electrode structure and launches battle array.
Background technology
Being successfully applied to high resolution marine seismic exploration based on water mesohigh Impulse Discharge Stimulation Technique, sparker source or plasma body focus, it mainly comprises three parts: high-voltage pulse power source, pulse transmission line and electrode launch battle array. The emitting electrode structure that the current sparker source of pulse or plasma body focus adopt mainly comprises electrode pair, multi-electrode launches battle array etc. Electrode pair is applicable to pulse arc discharge, electroacoustic efficiency height, owing to needing the water body puncturing between electrode pair, so the voltage range height needed, discharge process produces connect the most advanced and sophisticated arc channel of two electrodes, discharging current big (~kA), causes the extreme ablation of electrode serious, and electrode life is short; The latter is applicable to corona discharge pulse, and it is most advanced and sophisticated that electric discharge only occurs in the electrode connecing high pressure, and could produce relatively strong sound wave in high conductance situation, electroacoustic efficiency is on the low side, owing to not forming arc channel, belongs to shelf depreciation, voltage range is lower, and electrode erosion is slow, and electrode life is long.
Based on the plasma body focus of corona discharge pulse, owing to voltage range is lower, electrical security is better, and the advantage such as pulse signal repeatability is good, has been successfully applied to high resolution marine seismic detection. In order to improve the parameters such as the electroacoustic efficiency of plasma body focus and acoustic source separation, the multi-electrode of plasma body focus is launched battle array and has been obtained and generally applies, and its structure is mainly made up of tens of or hundreds of electrode parallel connections. Single electrode structure, as shown in Fig. 1 (a), mainly comprises copper electrode and the insulation layer of parcel copper electrode, and only electrode tip is exposed in water. When applying high-voltage pulse, owing to the most advanced and sophisticated radius-of-curvature of electrode is less, producing bigger field intensity and current density, due to electrocaloric effect, the water body of electrode tip end periphery is heated and is vaporized formation bubble. Now electrode tip still maintains high field by force, according to gas discharge principle, when in bubble, Pd value is reduced to certain value (P is the pressure in bubble, and d is the distance at distance electrode tip), and its internal excitation plasma discharge.Subsequently, the electric energy in electric capacity is injected in the middle of bubble fast, and plasma discharge acutely carries out, and produces High Temperature High Pressure in bubble inside, and bubble acutely expands. Due to the weak compressibility of water body, the violent expansion of bubble will produce strong shockwave. Subsequently, plasma body slowly extinguishes, and bubble continues to expand into overall dimension, then enters collapse process. When bubble reaches minimum size, generation amplitude is exceeded the bubble pulse of shockwave. In the seafari of reality, bubble pulse produces interference by last signal processing, is usually launched the electrode parameter adjustment of battle array by multi-electrode, it is possible to effectively suppress bubble pulse, it is to increase just steep ratio.
At present, the individual electrode that multi-electrode all on market launches battle array all adopts this kind of electrode structure, such as the bipolar electrode configurations (as shown in Figure 2) of the planar array structure of GEO-Resource, the fish bony spur electrode structure of SIG, the brush electrode structure of AppliedAcoustic and Zhejiang University. Owing to this kind of structure needs the water body around gasification electrode tip to form bubble before producing electric discharge, it is thus desirable to consume part energy. According to existing research, this part energy can account for the 7~50% of total discharge energy. Reduce the electroacoustic amount efficiency that this part energy expenditure can significantly improve sound source. Owing to space current density is maximum at electrode tip place, and square decay in inverse ratio with space radius, as shown in Fig. 1 (b), therefore reduce electrode tip radius, improving current density with this is effective ways. But, practical application can not be selected infinitely small electrode radius, also to be taken into account intensity and the life-span of electrode, the electrode more thin life-span is more short, so reducing electrode radius is not the most effectively improve the method for electroacoustic efficiency.
Summary of the invention
Above-mentioned technical problem existing for prior art, the present invention provides a kind of plasma body focus based on micro-porous electrode structure and launches battle array, the contact of high voltage electrode part and water body is made to be realized by the micropore on one section of insulation layer, arranged by rational micro well locations, can effectively suppress bubble pulse, it is to increase electroacoustic efficiency.
Plasma body focus based on micro-porous electrode structure launches a battle array, comprising: the metal electrode D1 connecing high pressure, the metal electrode D2 connecing low pressure and the dielectric with vesicular structure;
Described metal electrode D1 and metal electrode D2 is isolated by described dielectric, and metal electrode D1 is exposed in water by means of only the micropore on dielectric.
It is two dimensional structure, columnar structure and ball-like structure that described plasma body focus launches battle array.
When described plasma body focus transmitting battle array is two dimensional structure, then described metal electrode D1 and metal electrode D2 all adopts metal decking, described dielectric adopts porous dielectric layer, metal electrode D1 is embedded in porous dielectric layer and porous dielectric layer is divided into upper and lower two portions, the porous dielectric layer of upper part does not have micropore and outside and metal electrode D2 and fits, the porous dielectric layer of lower part has multiple micropore so that metal electrode D1 is exposed in water by means of only these micropores;
Described metal electrode D1 and metal electrode D2 is all drawn by respective terminal stud and connects high pressure and low pressure respectively, and the terminal stud of metal electrode D1 is drawn after upper part of porous dielectric layer and metal electrode D2 successively and insulated with metal electrode D2.
When described plasma body focus transmitting battle array is columnar structure, then described metal electrode D1 adopts cylindrical metal electrode, described dielectric adopts insulation shell, described cylindrical metal electrode is wrapped up by insulation shell, described insulation shell side has the multiple micropores being arranged in array so that metal electrode D1 is exposed in water by means of only these micropores;Also posting polylith strip metal electrode on insulation shell side, each row micropore on described strip metal electrode and insulation shell is alternately arranged; The end face of described insulation shell is provided with metal decking, and described polylith strip metal electrode is jointly connected on this metal decking and jointly forms described metal electrode D2 with metal decking;
Described metal electrode D1 and metal electrode D2 is all drawn by respective terminal stud and connects high pressure and low pressure respectively, and the terminal stud of metal electrode D1 is drawn after the end face of insulation shell and metal decking successively and insulated with metal decking; The terminal stud of metal electrode D2 is drawn from metal decking.
When described plasma body focus transmitting battle array is ball-like structure, then described metal electrode D1 adopts ball-type metal electrode, described metal electrode D2 adopts metal cap, described dielectric adopts porous dielectric layer, and described ball-type metal electrode is wrapped up by porous dielectric layer and is exposed in water by the micropore on porous dielectric layer; The porous dielectric layer of ball-type metal top of electrodes does not have micropore and namely described metal cap is located on the porous dielectric layer of ball-type metal top of electrodes;
Described metal electrode D1 and metal electrode D2 is all drawn by respective terminal stud and connects high pressure and low pressure respectively, and the terminal stud of metal electrode D1 is drawn after the porous dielectric layer of ball-type metal top of electrodes and metal cap successively and insulated with metal cap.
The aperture of described micropore is no more than 1mm, and hole depth is no more than 1cm, and pitch of holes is no more than 10cm.
Described metal electrode D1 adopts copper or stainless steel.
Described metal electrode D2 adopts stainless steel.
Described dielectric is crosslinked polyethylene, polytetrafluoro or other insulating material with high strength, thermotolerance, resistance to pressure.
Plasma body focus of the present invention launches battle array principle of work: in the seawater, when the metal electrode connecing high pressure applies high-voltage pulse, the very high field intensity in local and current density is formed in micropore, due to electrocaloric effect, in gasification micropore, water body forms bubble, plasma discharge is formed when Pd value is reduced to a certain degree in bubble, due to the existence of micropore, bubble can not expand when very little, thus more interior energy can be gathered, when bubble expands out from micropore, will have bigger speed of expansion, thus produce stronger pulse sound wave. Initial interior due to bubble can be big, it is possible to produces bigger bubble; By regulating the arrangement of micro well locations, it is possible to effectively suppress bubble pulse.
The present invention makes the contact of high voltage electrode part and water body be realized by the micropore on one section of insulation layer, if micropore size is enough little, micropore internal electric field and electric current distribution are even, the time so adding hot water will reduce, and still can maintain high field intensity during bubble generation, more can excite the plasma discharge in bubble; And there is certain intensity due to insulation layer, it is possible to allow bubble gather more in can, and then form stronger acoustic pressure and bigger bubble size. Therefore the present invention can effectively improve electroacoustic efficiency, is arranged by rational micro well locations, it is possible to effectively suppress bubble pulse simultaneously; And due to voltage range low, the present invention is the same with original transmitting battle array electrode, has longer electrode life.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 (a) is the structural representation of tradition point electrode.
Fig. 1 (b) is based on the change curve schematic diagram of point electrode structure field intensity/current density with space radius.
The planar array structural representation that Fig. 2 (a) is GEO-Resource.
The fish bony spur electrode structure schematic diagram that Fig. 2 (b) is SIG.
The brush electrode structure schematic diagram that Fig. 2 (c) is AppliedAcoustic.
The bipolar electrode configurations schematic diagram that Fig. 2 (d) is Zhejiang University.
Fig. 3 (a) is the structural representation of planar transmit battle array of the present invention.
Fig. 3 (b) is the structural representation of porous dielectric layer in planar transmit battle array of the present invention.
Fig. 4 (a) is the structural representation of cylinder of the present invention transmitting battle array.
The horizontal section schematic diagram that Fig. 4 (b) is Fig. 4 (a).
Fig. 5 (a) is the structural representation of sphere emission battle array of the present invention.
Fig. 5 (b) is the end face schematic diagram of sphere emission battle array of the present invention.
Fig. 6 (a) is the structural representation of micro-porous electrode of the present invention.
Fig. 6 (b) is based on the change curve schematic diagram of micro-porous electrode structure field intensity/current density with space radius.
Fig. 7 is the measured result schematic diagram of planar transmit battle array of the present invention about acoustic pressure.
Embodiment
In order to more specifically describe the present invention, below in conjunction with the drawings and the specific embodiments, the technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail.
Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are three kinds of enforcement modes that corresponding flat of the present invention launches battle array, cylinder launches battle array and sphere emission battle array. The common ground of three kinds of structures is all that porous dielectric layer covers high voltage electrode so that it is isolate with low-field electrode.
As shown in Figure 3, planar transmit battle array is made up of the metal frame 3 connecing the metal plate electrode 1 of high pressure, porous dielectric layer 2 and connecing low pressure, and wherein metal plate electrode 1 is embedded in porous dielectric layer 2. Porous dielectric layer 2 is by being divided into upper and lower two portions in structure, upper part is the part not having micropore 4, being mainly used in separating the metal sheet 1 connecing high pressure and the metal frame 3 connecing low pressure, the metal frame 3 in fact connecing low pressure is also two dimensional structure, parallel with the metal sheet 1 connecing high pressure. Porous lower part is the part containing micropore 4 so that the metal sheet 1 connecing high pressure is only exposed in water in micropore 4, and then can form micropore electric discharge. And, the metal sheet 1 connecing high pressure by through connect low pressure the terminal stud of metal frame 3 draw, and terminal stud is insulated by insulation layer with the metal frame 3 connecing low pressure, and then can be connected to high-voltage output end. On the metal frame 3 connecing low pressure, terminal stud is had to draw, for connecting low pressure end, it is achieved complete discharge loop.
As shown in Figure 4, cylinder is launched battle array and is made up of the metal frame 3 connecing the cylindrical metal electrode (inner at porous dielectric layer 2, not mark in figure) of high pressure, porous dielectric layer 2 and connecing low pressure, and 1 is electric discharge micropore. The cylindrical metal electrode connecing high pressure is covered by porous dielectric layer 2. The metal frame 3 connecing low pressure and the cylindrical metal electrode connecing high pressure are isolated by porous dielectric layer 2. At cylinder partial, the metal frame 3 connecing low pressure is alternately arranged with porous dielectric layer, and covers the part not having micropore 1 on porous dielectric layer 2. The bottom of cylindrical metal electrode connecing high pressure with the metal frame 2 connecing low pressure by insulator separation. The cylindrical metal top of electrodes connecing high pressure draws terminal stud for connecting high-voltage output end, and passes through insulator separation with the metal frame 2 connecing low pressure. Connect the metal frame 2 Base top contact terminal stud of low pressure, for connecting low-pressure section.
As shown in Figure 5, sphere emission battle array is made up of the metal cap 3 connecing the spherical metal electrode (inner at porous dielectric layer 2, not mark in figure) of high pressure, porous dielectric layer 2 and connecing low pressure, and 1 is electric discharge micropore. The spherical electrode of metal connecing high pressure is covered by porous dielectric layer 2.Wherein, porous dielectric layer 2 is hollow ball-shape structure, and micropore 1 is distributed in the part except top area. The ball-type metal electrode connecing high pressure for connecting high-voltage output end, and passes through insulator separation with the metal cap 3 connecing low pressure from Base top contact terminal stud. The metal cap connecing low pressure covers the top of porous dielectric layer 2, is connected by suitable structure. The metal cap 3 of low pressure draws terminal stud connecing, for connecting low pressure end.
We adopt single hole planar transmit battle array and traditional electrode below, compared for the acoustic pressure of two kinds of electrode structures. Adopting all solid state high voltage pulse power in concrete enforcement, reservoir capacitance is 2 μ F, and when single pulse energy is 30J, capacitor charging voltage is about-5.4kV; By triggering the conducting of thyristor, the electric energy being stored in electric capacity is discharged in water. At diameter 260mm, the stainless steel trough of high 250mm discharges, wherein for measure acoustical signal hydrophone arrangement in the position of distance discharge position 7.5mm, water temperature is about 20 DEG C, and specific conductivity is about 53mS/cm, suitable with seawater, micro-pore diameter is about 1mm, hole depth is 3mm, and metal plate material is copper, and insulation layer is polytetrafluoro; What traditional electrode adopted is the copper wire that diameter is about 1mm, covers the electrode of polytetrafluoro insulation layer around.
In present embodiment, the structure of single micropore is as shown in Fig. 6 (a), and its main feature is the contact of high voltage electrode part and water body is realized by the micropore on one section of insulation layer. If micropore size is enough little, micropore internal electric field and electric current distribution are even, and as shown in Fig. 6 (b), the time so adding hot water will reduce, and still can maintain high field intensity when bubble produces, and more can excite the plasma discharge in bubble. Owing to insulation layer has certain intensity, it is possible to allow bubble gather more interior energy, and then form stronger acoustic pressure and bigger bubble size.
Fig. 7 gives the pulse sound signal that single pulse energy is different electrode structure during 30J. Result shows, adopts micro-porous electrode can obviously increase sound pressure amplitude, so the acoustic energy of correspondence also significantly improves.
The above-mentioned description to embodiment can understand and apply the invention for ease of those skilled in the art. Above-described embodiment obviously easily can be made various amendment by person skilled in the art, and General Principle described herein is applied in other embodiments and need not pass through creative work. Therefore, the invention is not restricted to above-described embodiment, those skilled in the art are according to the announcement of the present invention, and improvement and the amendment made for the present invention all should within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. the plasma body focus based on micro-porous electrode structure launches battle array, it is characterised in that, comprising: the metal electrode D1 connecing high pressure, the metal electrode D2 connecing low pressure and the dielectric with vesicular structure;
Described metal electrode D1 and metal electrode D2 is isolated by described dielectric, and metal electrode D1 is exposed in water by means of only the micropore on dielectric.
2. plasma body focus according to claim 1 launches battle array, it is characterised in that: it is two dimensional structure, columnar structure and ball-like structure that described plasma body focus launches battle array.
3. plasma body focus according to claim 2 launches battle array, it is characterized in that: when described plasma body focus transmitting battle array is two dimensional structure, then described metal electrode D1 and metal electrode D2 all adopts metal decking, described dielectric adopts porous dielectric layer, metal electrode D1 is embedded in porous dielectric layer and porous dielectric layer is divided into upper and lower two portions, the porous dielectric layer of upper part does not have micropore and outside and metal electrode D2 and fits, the porous dielectric layer of lower part has multiple micropore, metal electrode D1 is made to be exposed in water by means of only these micropores,
Described metal electrode D1 and metal electrode D2 is all drawn by respective terminal stud and connects high pressure and low pressure respectively, and the terminal stud of metal electrode D1 is drawn after upper part of porous dielectric layer and metal electrode D2 successively and insulated with metal electrode D2.
4. plasma body focus according to claim 2 launches battle array, it is characterized in that: when described plasma body focus transmitting battle array is columnar structure, then described metal electrode D1 adopts cylindrical metal electrode, described dielectric adopts insulation shell, described cylindrical metal electrode is wrapped up by insulation shell, described insulation shell side has the multiple micropores being arranged in array so that metal electrode D1 is exposed in water by means of only these micropores; Also posting polylith strip metal electrode on insulation shell side, each row micropore on described strip metal electrode and insulation shell is alternately arranged; The end face of described insulation shell is provided with metal decking, and described polylith strip metal electrode is jointly connected on this metal decking and jointly forms described metal electrode D2 with metal decking;
Described metal electrode D1 and metal electrode D2 is all drawn by respective terminal stud and connects high pressure and low pressure respectively, and the terminal stud of metal electrode D1 is drawn after the end face of insulation shell and metal decking successively and insulated with metal decking; The terminal stud of metal electrode D2 is drawn from metal decking.
5. plasma body focus according to claim 2 launches battle array, it is characterized in that: when described plasma body focus transmitting battle array is ball-like structure, then described metal electrode D1 adopts ball-type metal electrode, described metal electrode D2 adopts metal cap, described dielectric adopts porous dielectric layer, and described ball-type metal electrode is wrapped up by porous dielectric layer and is exposed in water by the micropore on porous dielectric layer; The porous dielectric layer of ball-type metal top of electrodes does not have micropore and namely described metal cap is located on the porous dielectric layer of ball-type metal top of electrodes;
Described metal electrode D1 and metal electrode D2 is all drawn by respective terminal stud and connects high pressure and low pressure respectively, and the terminal stud of metal electrode D1 is drawn after the porous dielectric layer of ball-type metal top of electrodes and metal cap successively and insulated with metal cap.
6. plasma body focus according to claim 1 launches battle array, it is characterised in that: the aperture of described micropore is no more than 1mm, and hole depth is no more than 1cm, and pitch of holes is no more than 10cm.
7. plasma body focus according to claim 1 launches battle array, it is characterised in that: described metal electrode D1 adopts copper or stainless steel.
8. plasma body focus according to claim 1 launches battle array, it is characterised in that: described metal electrode D2 adopts stainless steel.
9. plasma body focus according to claim 1 launches battle array, it is characterised in that: described dielectric is crosslinked polyethylene or polytetrafluoro.
CN201610035906.6A 2016-01-20 2016-01-20 A kind of plasma focus transmitting battle array based on micro-porous electrode structure Expired - Fee Related CN105676293B (en)

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CN112087857A (en) * 2019-06-12 2020-12-15 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Corona discharge plasma generator
CN112180432A (en) * 2020-09-01 2021-01-05 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 High-efficiency electric spark seismic source system based on corona discharge and setting method
CN113176605A (en) * 2021-04-25 2021-07-27 浙江理工大学 Low-frequency electroacoustic transmitting array for suppressing bubble pulse based on symmetrical hard interface structure
CN113685168A (en) * 2021-08-13 2021-11-23 西安石油大学 Impulse sound source micropore electrode detection system and using method thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108508488A (en) * 2018-04-20 2018-09-07 浙江大学 A kind of plasma focus transmitting battle array of pressure resistance entrant sound structure
CN112087857A (en) * 2019-06-12 2020-12-15 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Corona discharge plasma generator
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CN112180432B (en) * 2020-09-01 2023-10-20 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 High-efficiency electric spark source system based on corona discharge and setting method
CN113176605A (en) * 2021-04-25 2021-07-27 浙江理工大学 Low-frequency electroacoustic transmitting array for suppressing bubble pulse based on symmetrical hard interface structure
CN113176605B (en) * 2021-04-25 2022-11-11 浙江理工大学 Low-frequency electroacoustic transmitting array for suppressing bubble pulse based on symmetrical hard interface structure
CN113685168A (en) * 2021-08-13 2021-11-23 西安石油大学 Impulse sound source micropore electrode detection system and using method thereof

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