CN105675101B - Vehicle mass dynamic measurement device based on OBD and measurement method - Google Patents
Vehicle mass dynamic measurement device based on OBD and measurement method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01G—WEIGHING
- G01G19/00—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups
- G01G19/02—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups for weighing wheeled or rolling bodies, e.g. vehicles
- G01G19/03—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups for weighing wheeled or rolling bodies, e.g. vehicles for weighing during motion
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of vehicle mass dynamic measurement device and measurement method based on OBD.Vehicle mass dynamic measurement device based on OBD includes OBD interfaces and embedded measurement device two parts, and OBD can travelling datas such as output engine torque, vehicle location, car speed and vehicle acceleration in real time；Embedded measurement device the data obtained in OBD interfaces are handled and be analyzed, complete in vehicle travel process to real-time, quick, the accurate measurement of vehicle mass by the vehicle mass dynamic measurement method proposed through the invention.The disadvantage that the present invention overcomes conventional truck mass measuring method efficiency is low, speed is slow, precision is not high, suitable for the real-time measurement to vehicle mass, situations such as dangerous material leakage, cargo are lost in overload of vehicle, transportational process, can effectively be supervised, to specification traffic safety management, improve logistics transportation safety and ensure that three aspect of economic benefit plays good booster action.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vehicle mass dynamic measurement device and measurement method based on OBD belongs to vehicle dynamic and claims
Weight technical field.
Background technology
In recent years China Logistics industry continue to develop with it is perfect, but the thing followed is the continuous increasing of overload of vehicle phenomenon
Add.Shipping department increases substantially the carrying capacity of vehicle by the way that vehicle body, rear axle and tire is transformed so that conevying efficiency and economy
Benefit is improved, but overload will bring a series of harm：Accelerate damage highway pavement, increases highway maintenance cost；By
It is collected according to vehicle tonnage in highway in China road toll, administration fee etc., overload can make state tax revenue be largely lost；Overload
When, engine overload operation so that tail gas and noise, which is discharged, to be significantly increased, and serious environmental pollution is caused；Overload can be serious
Vehicle part is damaged, shortens period of vehicle maintenance, accelerating vehicle is scrapped；Most of all, overload will reduce the motor-driven of vehicle
Property, to induce all kinds of traffic accidents, or even cause serious casualties and property loss.
In addition, according to bibliography：Record in Lv second place's chemical enterprise hazardous materials transportation security studies and to existing
There are the understanding of logistics transportation accident, hazardous materials transportation that there is very high danger and Frequent Accidents, includes mainly dangerous material
Dangerous material leakage, when canned Dangerous Goods Transport, do not reserve suitable surplus etc. caused by packaging is not firm, imperfect.So
And the supervision of hazardous materials transportation is more embodied in traffic administration and accident prevention, once there is leakage problem goods
Main and driver can not learn at the first time, can not take emergency treatment appropriate so that the practical hazard ratio of dangerous material leakage
It is expected that endangering bigger.
Third, at present during logistics transportation, the case where loss of goods, is commonplace.The ring for example, current network is done shopping
Border development is good, as loss of goods phenomenon occurs during net purchase Commodity Transportation, on the one hand can reduce the prestige of logistics company, separately
On the one hand it needs to compensate user；Whens transporting valuables such as gold, silver, platinum etc., logistics company need to undertake very heavy responsibility, such as
Lose in valuables transportational process, then transport task bearer, insurance company all need to pay a large amount of compensation；Supplier
When delivering to retailer, if loss of goods occurs in transportational process, economic damage can be caused to transporter, supplier and recipient
It loses, reduces the economic benefit of shipping, while greatly reducing the efficiency of logistics transportation.
In conclusion need at present one kind can easily and fast, efficiently, accurate vehicle dynamically weighting scheme, Neng Gou
Situations such as dangerous material leakage, cargo are lost in overload of vehicle, transportational process, is effectively supervised in the driving process of vehicle.
There are two types of traditional vehicle mass measurement methods, and one is static weighing methods, and vehicle is needed to stop at completely
It is measured on scale body, this detection method is more accurate, but efficiency is low, speed is slow, and does not have good application value；
Another kind is dynamic weighing method, the quality of vehicle can be measured under automobile normal running state, but this method needs one
Large-scale scale body with vehicle weighing sensor, use is more inconvenient, and precision is not high.
And as the degree of the continuous development of automobile manufacturing enterprise and sensor technology, electronization is continuously improved, OBD is
Through becoming an indispensable part in current mobile unit.OBD (On-Board Diagnostic) i.e. onboard diagnostics systems
System, can be monitored the engine and exhaust gas aftertreatment system of vehicle, and provide in output vehicle travel process in real time
The interface of data.To which user can obtain the data such as engine torque, car speed and vehicle acceleration from OBD, this
It is measured for vehicle mass dynamic and provides new technical support.
Invention content
The present invention proposes vehicle mass dynamic measurement device based on OBD and the measurement side of a kind of vehicle suitable for travelling
Method, it is intended to can be in vehicle travel process in real time, efficiently and accurately measured to the quality of vehicle, and it can be by vehicle
Load-carrying data are sent to traffic administration side, and alarm driver when vehicle mass has the tendency that lasting reduction.
The vehicle mass dynamic measurement device based on OBD of the present invention includes OBD interfaces and two, embedded measurement device
Point.
The entire control system of the OBD interface and vehicle connects, can real-time output engine torque, car speed
And the travelling datas such as vehicle acceleration.
The embedded measurement device is connect by CAN bus with OBD interfaces, is carried out after obtaining corresponding travelling data
It calculates and analyzes.Specifically, the embedded measurement device is connect by CAN bus with vehicle OBD interfaces, is obtained corresponding
It is calculated and is analyzed after travelling data.Specifically, embedded measurement device include microprocessor, power module, communication module,
Sensor assembly, memory module, alarm module, bus interface.Microprocessor and power module, communication module, sensor assembly,
Memory module, alarm module, bus interface connection, control the operation of modules and carry out the processing of data.Electric power source pair of module
Each module is powered.Communication module can carry out vehicle vehicle mass data transmission to remote terminal by manager real
When monitor；In addition, communication module will be responsible for receiving the coefficient of rolling friction in section residing for vehicle in microprocessor.Sensor
Include a 3-axis acceleration sensor in module, to measure the inclination angle of current vehicle institute track.Memory module to
Collected data in sensor information, OBD interfaces are stored, and are established wherein embedding with the relevant vehicle parameter of vehicle
Enter formula database.Alarm module can send out prompt tone, when vehicle mass goes beyond the scope or quality has lasting reduction trend,
Early warning can be carried out to driver.Bus interface receives the input data of CAN bus, and travelling data is collected in microprocessor.
The embedded measurement device has the characteristics that low in energy consumption, stability is strong and low manufacture cost, when can be long
Between keep normal operating condition, and service life is longer.
The vehicle mass dynamic measurement method is as follows：
Step 1：Travelling data obtains
The following parameter of vehicle is obtained by OBD interfaces：The real-time torque T of engine, vehicle real-time speed v, vehicle are real-time
Acceleration a, vehicle transmission gear ratio N and tire radius r, and pass through 3-axis acceleration sensor collection vehicle track
Inclination angle theta.It should be noted that since there are larger errors for the vehicle acceleration data that is obtained from OBD interfaces, need
The signal is pre-processed by low-pass filtering；
Step 2：Vehicle mass calculates
1. in conjunction with the mechanical efficiency η of vehicle, the driving force on vehicle tyre is calculated, calculation formula is such as shown in (1)：
F=T × N × η/r (1)
2. the resistance suffered by current vehicle is by air drag, tire force of rolling friction and the weight opposite with directional velocity
Force component is constituted：
F=fa+fs+G × sin θ (2)
In formula (2), fa indicates that air drag, fs indicate that tire force of rolling friction, G=mg indicate the gravity that vehicle is subject to.
Specifically, the expression formula of fa and fs is as follows：
Fa=1/2 × A × ρ × CD×v2 (3)
Fs=μ × G × cos θ (4)
Wherein, A is the sectional area of vehicle, and ρ is atmospheric density, CDFor resistance coefficient, μ is coefficient of rolling resistance, wherein vehicle
Sectional area, atmospheric density and resistance coefficient can according to the relevant parameters such as vehicle, vehicle location measuring device insertion
It is searched in formula database, coefficient of rolling resistance can be rolled according to the common transportation route that the position of vehicle is provided in logistics company
It is obtained in coefficient of kinetic friction database.
3. according to Newton's second law, the relationship about driving force, frictional force and vehicle acceleration can be obtained：
F- (fa+fs+G × sin θ)=ma (5)
Formula (1)~(4) are substituted into (5), the quality m of vehicle can be obtained：
Step 3：Qualitative data analysis
After obtaining vehicle mass data, the data are made the difference with light weight first, obtain the load-carrying of vehicle.So
After send the data to supervisor, you can go out whether vehicle overloads according to this data analysis.Continuous 5 calculating is analyzed again
Load value judges its trend with the presence or absence of continuous reduction or reduction suddenly, if so, being carried out to driver to sending out prompt tone
Otherwise early warning enters mass measurement next time.
The advantage of the invention is that：
(1) vehicle mass dynamic measurement device and measurement method proposed by the present invention based on OBD, can travel in vehicle
The measurement to vehicle mass is completed in the process, and it is convenient, efficient, with high accuracy to have the characteristics that, compensates for traditional quality measurement method
Use limited deficiency；
(2) vehicle mass dynamic measurement device and measurement method proposed by the present invention based on OBD, take full advantage of OBD
The data exported in interface solve the problems, such as that other measurement methods need many sensors with data acquisition；
(3) vehicle mass dynamic measurement device and measurement method proposed by the present invention based on OBD, in depositing for measuring device
The sectional area of a variety of models, the coefficient of rolling friction of air resistance coefficient and vehicle running section are had cured in storage module, is improved
The present apparatus is used for the versatility of mass measurement.
(4) vehicle mass dynamic measurement device and measurement method proposed by the present invention based on OBD, used apparatus body
Product is small, low in energy consumption, can long-time continuous stable operation, and it is at low cost, it is suitable for mass production and in long-duration driving process
Middle completion mass measurement task；
(5) vehicle mass dynamic measurement device and measurement method proposed by the present invention based on OBD, on the one hand can allow pipe
Reason side supervises overload of vehicle, on the other hand can be carried out in real time to delivering phenomena such as whether cargo occur leakage, loss
Monitoring, to specification traffic safety management, improve logistics transportation safety and to ensure that the aspect of economic benefit three all plays good
Booster action.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1：Vehicle mass dynamic measurement device and measurement method structure chart proposed by the present invention based on OBD；
Fig. 2：Vehicle mass dynamic measurement device and measurement method state transition graph proposed by the present invention based on OBD；
Fig. 3：Vehicle mass dynamic measurement device and measurement method overview flow chart proposed by the present invention based on OBD；
In figure：
1000- vehicle mass dynamic measurement device 1100- microcontroller 1200- power modules
1300- communication module 1400- sensor assembly 1500- memory modules
1600- alarm module 1700- bus interface 2000-OBD interfaces
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, the present invention is described in further detail with vehicle mass dynamic practical measuring examples.
A kind of vehicle mass dynamic measurement device proposed by the present invention and measurement method structure are as shown in Figure 1, include vehicle
Penetration quality dynamic measures measuring device 1000, vehicle OBD interfaces 2000 and CAN bus 3000.The embedded measurement device
1000 are connect by CAN bus 3000 with vehicle OBD interfaces 2000, are calculated and are analyzed after obtaining corresponding travelling data.
Specifically, embedded measurement device includes microprocessor 1100, power module 1200, communication module 1300, sensor assembly
1400, memory module 1500, alarm module 1600, bus interface 1700.Microprocessor 1100 and power module 1200 communicate mould
Block 1300, sensor assembly 1400, memory module 1500, alarm module 1600, bus interface 1700 connect, and control modules
Operation and carry out the processing of data.Power module 1200 is powered each module.Communication module 1300 can be by vehicle matter
Data transmission is measured to remote terminal, vehicle is monitored in real time by manager.Include three axis in sensor assembly 1400
Acceleration transducer, to measure the inclination angle of current vehicle institute track.Memory module 1500 to by sensor information,
Collected data are stored in OBD interfaces 2000, and are established and the relevant vehicle parameter embedded data of vehicle wherein
Library.Alarm module 1600 can send out prompt tone, can when vehicle mass goes beyond the scope or quality has lasting reduction trend
Early warning is carried out to driver.Bus interface 1700 receives the input data of CAN bus 3000, and travelling data is collected microprocessor
In 1100.
I indicates that the data that OBD interfaces are acquired, II indicate the data of measuring device sensor assembly output, III in Fig. 1
Indicate that alarm command and warning message that microprocessor is sent out, IV indicate the number for extracting or storing in embedded database
According to V indicates the communication instruction that microprocessor is sent out and overload data etc..
As shown in Fig. 2, vehicle mass dynamic measurement device includes reset, ready, operation, standby and five kinds of shapes of end
State.
(1) it resets：User clicks reset button control device and enters reset state, and system restarting is automatic to carry out just
Beginningization；
(2) ready：Enter preparation state after microprocesser initialization；
(3) operating status：User enters operating status by pressing monitoring start button control device, in this state may be used
Penetration quality dynamic is completed by designed method to measure；
(4) standby mode：User enters standby mode by pressing monitoring pause button control device, is in this state
Blanket insurance holds low power run, stops penetration quality dynamic and measures；
(5) terminate state：User enters end state by pressing monitoring stop button control device, is in this state
It unites out of service, only keeps power supply power supply.
As shown in figure 3, the flow that vehicle mass dynamic measures is as follows：
Step 1：Microprocesser initialization reads the vehicle of the connected vehicle of measuring device in OBD, and according to vehicle
It is retrieved in embedded database, reads dead weight, the sectional area of vehicle；
Step 2：Microprocessor reads the real-time speed, acceleration and engine torque of vehicle from OBD, and from biography
The inclination angle of vehicle traveling is read in sensor module.Then before acceleration information participates in calculating, by low-pass filtering to the number
According to being handled；
Step 3：Vehicle mass is calculated, the specific method is as follows for calculating：
1. in conjunction with the mechanical efficiency η of vehicle, the driving force on vehicle tyre is calculated, calculation formula is such as shown in (1)：
F=T × N × η/r (1)
2. the resistance suffered by current vehicle is by air drag, tire force of rolling friction and the weight opposite with directional velocity
Force component is constituted：
F=fa+fs+G × sin θ (2)
In formula (2), fw indicates that air drag, fs indicate that tire force of rolling friction, G=mg indicate the gravity that vehicle is subject to.
Specifically, the expression formula of fa and fs is as follows：
Fa=1/2 × A × ρ × CD×v2 (3)
Fs=μ × G × cos θ (4)
Wherein, A is the sectional area of vehicle, and ρ is atmospheric density, CDFor resistance coefficient, above three parameter can lead to respectively
The vehicle and vehicle location for crossing vehicle are searched in embedded database；μ indicates coefficient of rolling resistance, is worked as according to vehicle
Preceding traveling-position determines in coefficient of rolling friction database.
3. according to Newton's second law, the relationship about driving force, frictional force and vehicle acceleration can be obtained：
F- (fa+fs+G × sin θ)=ma (5)
Formula (1)~(4) are substituted into (5), the quality m of vehicle can be obtained：
Step 4：According to the light weight read in calculated quality in step 3 and step 1, vehicle is calculated
Load-carrying；
Step 5：Judge whether current vehicle load-carrying is more than regulation amount, if so, microprocessor passes through loaded information
Communication module is sent to traffic administration side；Otherwise, step 6 is carried out；
Step 6：Judge vehicle mass whether in lasting reduction or decline suddenly.Specifically method is：Take this measurement
First five measured value is compared value therewith, and above-mentioned judgement is carried out per difference twice according to adjacent.If continuous quality reduce or
Person declines suddenly, then microprocessor control alarm module sends out prompt tone, and early warning is carried out to driver；Otherwise, seven are entered step；
Step 7：Judge whether user clicks button and monitoring device is made to key in standby or halted state, if so, terminating
Monitoring；Otherwise, step 2 is returned to.
Vehicle mass dynamic measurement method proposed by the present invention has very strong versatility, passes through the insertion in measuring device
The related data that a variety of models are written in formula database, can be matched after installation according to data such as vehicles, so as to accurate
Efficiently complete the mass measurement of a variety of models vehicle.
Above-mentioned implementation is used to help reader and understands the principle of the present invention, other deformations and group based on essence of the invention
Contract sample is within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the vehicle mass dynamic measurement device based on OBD, it is characterised in that including OBD interfaces and two, embedded measurement device
Point, OBD can real-time output engine torque, vehicle location, car speed and vehicle acceleration data；Embedded measurement fills
It sets including microprocessor, power module, communication module, sensor assembly, memory module, alarm module, bus interface；Microprocessor
Device is connect with power module, communication module, sensor assembly, memory module, alarm module, bus interface, controls modules
Operation and carry out the processing of data：Each module of electric power source pair of module is powered, and communication module can pass vehicle mass data
It send to remote terminal, vehicle is monitored in real time by manager, in addition, communication module will be responsible for the rolling in section residing for vehicle
The coefficient of kinetic friction receives in microprocessor；Include a 3-axis acceleration sensor in sensor assembly, it is current to measure
The inclination angle of vehicle institute track, memory module collected data in sensor information, OBD interfaces to be stored,
And it establishes and the relevant vehicle parameter embedded database of vehicle wherein；Alarm module can send out prompt tone, in vehicle matter
When amount goes beyond the scope or quality has lasting reduction trend, early warning can be carried out to driver；Bus interface receives the defeated of CAN bus
Enter data, travelling data is collected in microprocessor.
2. the vehicle mass dynamic measurement method based on OBD, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
Step 1：Travelling data obtains
The following parameter of vehicle is obtained by OBD interfaces：The real-time torque T of engine, vehicle real-time speed v, vehicle accelerate in real time
Spend a, vehicle transmission gear ratio N and tire radius r, and inclining by 3-axis acceleration sensor collection vehicle track
Angle θ；
Step 2：Vehicle mass calculates
1. in conjunction with the mechanical efficiency η of vehicle, the driving force on vehicle tyre is calculated, calculation formula is such as shown in (1)：
F=T × N × η/r (1)
2. the resistance suffered by current vehicle is by air drag, tire force of rolling friction and the gravity opposite with directional velocity point
Amount is constituted：
F=fa+fs+G × sin θ (2)
In formula (2), fa indicates that air drag, fs indicate that tire force of rolling friction, G=mg indicate the gravity that vehicle is subject to；Specifically
, the expression formula of fa and fs are as follows：
Fa=1/2 × A × ρ × CD×v2 (3)
Fs=μ × G × cos θ (4)
Wherein, A is the sectional area of vehicle, and ρ is atmospheric density, CDFor resistance coefficient, μ is coefficient of rolling resistance, wherein section of vehicle
Area, atmospheric density and resistance coefficient can be looked into according to vehicle, vehicle location in the embedded database of measuring device
It looks for, the common transportation route coefficient of rolling friction database that coefficient of rolling resistance can be provided according to the position of vehicle in logistics company
Middle acquisition；
3. according to Newton's second law, the relationship about driving force, frictional force and vehicle acceleration can be obtained：
F- (fa+fs+G × sin θ)=ma (5)
Formula (1)~(4) are substituted into (5), the quality m of vehicle can be obtained：
Step 3：Qualitative data analysis
After obtaining vehicle mass data, the data are made the difference with light weight first, obtain the load-carrying of vehicle；Then will
The data are sent to supervisor, you can go out whether vehicle overloads according to this data analysis；The load-carrying of continuous 5 calculating is analyzed again
Value judges that it whether there is trend of continuous reduction or reduction suddenly, if so, being carried out in advance to driver to sending out prompt tone
It is alert, otherwise enter mass measurement next time.
3. the vehicle mass dynamic measurement method based on OBD as described in claim 2, which is characterized in that in step 1,
The real-time torque T of engine, vehicle real-time speed v, vehicle real time acceleration a, vehicle transmission gear ratio N and tire radius r,
It is directly acquired by OBD, the inclination angle theta of vehicle running surface is obtained by 3-axis acceleration sensor；In step 2, vehicle
Sectional area A, atmospheric density ρ, resistance coefficient CD, coefficient of rolling resistance μ can be according to vehicle and vehicle location in insertion
It is obtained in formula database.
4. the vehicle mass dynamic measurement method based on OBD as described in claim 3, which is characterized in that in step 2,
By the real-time torque T of the engine of acquisition, vehicle real-time speed v, vehicle real time acceleration a, vehicle transmission gear ratio N and
Tire radius r, the sectional area A of vehicle, atmospheric density ρ, resistance coefficient CD, coefficient of rolling resistance μ obtains according to Newton's second law
Take the computational methods of vehicle mass.
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