CN105673029A - Water jet tunneling type shield tunneling machine - Google Patents
Water jet tunneling type shield tunneling machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN105673029A CN105673029A CN201610188555.2A CN201610188555A CN105673029A CN 105673029 A CN105673029 A CN 105673029A CN 201610188555 A CN201610188555 A CN 201610188555A CN 105673029 A CN105673029 A CN 105673029A
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 9
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- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C25/00—Cutting machines, i.e. for making slits approximately parallel or perpendicular to the seam
- E21C25/60—Slitting by jets of water or other liquid
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/0607—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield being provided with devices for lining the tunnel, e.g. shuttering
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/12—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms
- E21D9/126—Loading devices or installations
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/12—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms
- E21D9/13—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms using hydraulic or pneumatic conveying means
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a water jet tunneling type shield tunneling machine. A water jet technology and a shield tunneling technology are combined and an annular retaining device is moved frontwards; in a tunneling process, a cavity formed in the outer side of a rock cylinder is pushed forwards in a tunneling process; a disc-shaped hobbing cutter of an existing shield tunneling machine is changed into an annular hobbing cutter and is arranged at the front end of the annular retaining device, so that abrasion is reduced; a retractable pressure sensor probe is arranged at the front end of the annular retaining device so that a water jet can be conveniently opened in time; an alloy cutter is partially or wholly replaced by the water jet; when the machine meets a stratum layer or a hard rock layer with complicated lithological characters, the water jet is used for assisting tunneling, so that direct collision between the cutter and rocks is reduced; and in order to reduce water utilization cost and sand utilization cost of the water jet, a residue soil conveying device and a water pumping device of the shield tunneling machine are improved, and pumped underground water and crushed waste residues, which are pumped in a tunnel construction process, are recycled and are used for a sand adding water jet. The embodiment suitable for mines is designed. The tunnel construction cost can be easily reduced, harms of collapse, waste heat, water inrush accidents and dust are effectively reduced, and wastes of underground water are reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to high pressure jer cutting (hereinafter referred to as water cutter) technology and shield technique, specifically, it is that the one that water cutter and shield machine component invention are created is utilized water cutter partial replacement conventional alloys cutter, the hard rock being likely encountered in cutting tunnel, mine construction process or uneven strata, to reduce abrasion thus reducing cost, and comprehensively utilize tunneling construction stratum institute's groundwater abstraction and the shield machine of the produced waste residue of tunneling process.
Background technology
When constructing with existing shield cutter, various bad ground can be run into. Homogeneous ground consisting of hard rock only needs hobboing cutter, but must install cutting knife when stratum is uneven, and cutting knife almost without effect, due to injection angle and difference in height, produces moment impact load in broken hard rock process, and cutting knife can be smoothed and even break. In boulder stratum, in some gravel layer, existing hard rock has again soft rock, so cutterhead must be equipped with cutting knife and the dual-pilot cutter needs with corresponding non-hard rock. In like manner, under soft rock and weak soil ground situation, this does not need to install hobboing cutter, but owing to would be likely to occur hard rock gravel, must install again hobboing cutter, cause that hobboing cutter is badly damaged, lose brokenly rock function. Therefore a kind of Technological improvement plan reducing tool wear is needed badly.
Currently, the water cutter of China is ripe day by day with shield technique. But owing to existing earth pressure balance, slurry balance shield technology building are with high costs, as Beijing Metro adopts the transit tunnel of earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS method construction, on average often building a km subway tunnel needs to expend about 1,600,000,000 yuans. And necessary a large amount of groundwater abstractions before tradition shield-tunneling construction, not only waste is serious, and increases the risk of ground settlement. Therefore, it is necessary to design a series of abrasion that reduces, minimizing waste, reduce secondary disaster risk, reduce the scheme of shield technique cost.
If running into Karst Area, the shield machine that then traditional earth pressure balance, slurry balance shield technology relate to is easily subject to the threat of water inrush accident, such as karst declogging accident when Yichang-Wanzhou Railway is constructed, not only the equipment major parts such as shield machine are destroyed by rush of water, and the tunnel scultellum originally laid and rail are all destroyed by rush of water, therefore the shield scheme of the threat of water inrush accident and the shield machine improved need a kind of be reduced.
The current relatively low shield technique of the mechanization degrees such as hands pick formula shield technique that only has applies to mining, the same with traditional mining mode can leave huge space in underground. Different from the goaf that existing Non-sill-pillared sublevel caving is whitewashed, the space that the shield technique of mechanization stays is metastable, therefore mined out part can be built mine refuge institute or underground storehouse, Civil Air Defense Facilities, inhabitation place, underground, subterranean laboratory etc., it is achieved spatial synthesis utilizes. Meanwhile, the Ore that the shield technique of mechanization is equivalent between the hollow cylinder constituted by scultellum takes out with the ratio of approximate 78.5%, it is possible to obtains more compared with technology such as Non-sill-pillared sublevel caving and sorts better Ore, reducing explosive and use. It addition, the more big value of the ore fragmentation of gem-jade exploitation of mineral resources is more high, it is necessary to keep the integrity of Ore as far as possible, it is necessary to avoid using explosive, and currently used Mining Method uses explosive more as far as possible, shield technique is used to there is no precedent without explosive exploitation.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aim at providing a kind of and reduce subsoil water waste, tool wear, comprehensive utilization waste residue, to reduce the shield machine of cost. The range of application of this shield machine also should more original shield machine more extensive, as being applied to the tunnel construction of karst region, reduce analysis of possibility of water inrush; It is applied to mining, to reduce mine heat evil, water leak accident risk, improves the rate of extraction and ore quality.
For achieving the above object, the present invention provides water cutter driving formula shield machine, i.e. a kind of shield machine adopting water cutter to tunnel, and basic composition includes: heading equipment, it is characterized in that part or all of for existing shield machine alloy cutter is replaced with water cutter, be placed in shield machine foremost; Annular (or outer wall) keeps equipment, it is characterized in that cross sectional shape is identical with required tunnel outer wall shape, in short tube shape, set up longitudinal jack and Against Water Inrush baffle plate groove compared with the ring-shaped holder of existing shield machine, have keep that tunnel-shaped is stable, the effect of assembled plate, fixing and protection heading equipment; Sand water circulation use equipment, extract the subsoil water oozed under landwaste, dregs and the stratum produced in shield machine tunneling process, after sorted, the subsoil water extracted is recycled by the water cutter of heading equipment, the landwaste, the dregs part that extract recycle as the frosted adding sand water cutter, and a part mixes the plate raw material as shield with concrete; Vehicle equipment, including track, hitching machinery, cutting equipment, the rock cylinder that towing, cut-out, migration are cut, and it is in place to deliver required miscellaneous equipment;
Control room, controls the motion of shield machine each several part, collects and process sensing data, providing the space of trouble free service for personnel.
Preferably, described water cutter driving formula shield machine, its heading equipment includes: water cutter, substitute the part or all of alloy cutter of original shield machine, using when rock is uneven, harder or is easily generated harmful dust, each water cutter has independent sensor and is controlled individually, and detachably replaces; Alloy cutter, is partly or entirely substituted by water cutter, uses as rock uniform and softer (less than 200Mpa); Cutter ring, is divided into rotation and two kinds of nonrotational type, and annular shield adopts rotation, and abnormity shield adopts nonrotational type; Water cutter is popped one's head in, and described water cutter probe has water cutter for front end, and rear end has the telescopic metallic rod of pressure transducer, and the geometric center being positioned at the rock bottom cylindrical face center of circle or cutter ring advances to shield machine direction of advance; Sensor, with by varistor, critesistor, electrode curent change reflect the qualitative change such as the pressure of its position, temperature, subsoil water dissolved salts concentration; Propulsion plant, control room the multiple levels, the jack in oblique direction that control form, and each jack is separate;
Shearing device, described shearing device includes cutterhead, conveyer belt, vertical jack, broken, cutting, transports rock cylinder and leaves face;
Base, described base, along inner orbit front end, tunnel tangential direction, at least includes two long and narrow assemblies being parallel to each other, and guide rail lays.
Preferably, wherein heading equipment is characterised by: described heading equipment cross sectional shape is identical with required tunnel outer wall shape, the cutterhead of original shield machine is transformed to cutter ring, or the closed annular of the tunnel outer wall shape with abnormity shield, namely cutter is distributed in closed annular plane domain, the rock of direct fractured rock (circle) post side during driving.
Preferably, wherein annular (or outer wall) maintenance equipment is characterised by: described annular (or outer wall) holding means is cylindrical shape or abnormity, wherein cylindrical shape person can rotate around the axis, the projection of axle is positioned at the center of circle of ring-shaped holder, with water cutter probe coexistence straight line, adopt hexagonal, anise or 12 jiaos of radiation support connection rotating shaft centers or three trisection points of ring-shaped holder circular cross-section rotate, with separating by the folding baffle plate in forward direction rear end between support and rock cylinder, its propeller is equally distributed hydraulic jack, it is placed in rear end, ring-shaped holder periphery, tubular ring-shaped holder inwall has the groove being perpendicular to tunneling direction of annular, Special-shaped annular holding means inwall has a perpendicular to two grooves of tunneling direction, groove front end has agitator and slush pump, for stirring subsoil water and mud the stillpot by the sandpipe guiding sand water circulation use equipment that draws water.
Preferably, wherein shearing device is characterised by: described shearing device is the device cutting off or splitting rock cylinder, and its also board two row being positioned at ring-shaped holder vertically lower section are total to the vertical jack of base and the cutterhead of rock rear cylindrical; The lifting of vertical jack can be relied on, utilize rock cylinder self gravitation so as to rupture voluntarily, or the cutterhead by rock rear cylindrical directly cuts.
Preferably, its medium sand water circulation use equipment is characterised by:
Described sand water circulation use equipment includes:
Agitator, passively stirs the subsoil water oozed under landwaste, dregs and the stratum produced in shield machine tunneling process in cutter ring bottom;
Slush pump, described slush pump connects the sandpipe that draws water, and provides power for extracting the subsoil water oozed under landwaste, dregs and the stratum produced in shield machine tunneling process;
Draw water sandpipe, described in the sandpipe that draws water be extract the passage in the subsoil water process oozed under the landwaste, dregs and the stratum that produce in shield machine tunneling process;
Drainage screen, described drainage screen is the double-deck conveyer belt in tool hole, sieve aperture is unidirectional variable, cross section valve shape, the rock debris choosing 40-150 order sends into stillpot, its at least two driving drum rotating shaft is parallel to each other, favour horizontal plane to place, when the driving drum of drainage screen is the driving drum that two differ in size, away from the driving drum radius of driving end more than 3 times of another driving drum radius, when the driving drum of drainage screen is three equal-sized driving drums, it is acute angle further away from inclined-plane and horizontal plane angle folded by two driving drums of driving end, when the driving drum of drainage screen is three equal-sized driving drums, close further away from two inclined-plane and drainage screen other parts folded by three driving drums of driving end and press from both sides into swallow-tail form, two inclined-plane juniors are acute angle with horizontal plane angle, the higher person angle is obtuse angle,
Stillpot, the part of described stillpot submergence drainage screen is divided into three layers, separates with the baffle plate having funnel-form communicating pipe with the part of non-submergence drainage screen, and middle level, layered portion upper strata is kept in and added water needed for sand water cutter and sand, and submergence drainage screen, and lower floor keeps in mud;
Compression chamber, described compression chamber belongs simultaneously to pressurized equipment, is pressurizeed discretely with the rock debris through drainage screen by the supernatant in stillpot, and feeding adds sand water cutter and performs jet;
Slag-drip opening, described slag-drip opening is positioned at the bottom surface of drainage screen side diagonally downward, stillpot bottom or vertical side, size scalable, the gravel excessive to discharge the too small mud of granule and granule.
Preferably, wherein vehicle equipment is characterised by: described vehicle equipment is positioned over the part on track, by the rotatable locomotive platform traction of dual-layer disc-shaped and delivery; Between upper dish and lower wall with at least six roots of sensation horizontally and vertically direction etc. big latch fix, latch is fixed by the screw tightening of nut and latch one end after inserting; The functions of the equipments of different directions are different, and the equipment being securable to dish includes the motor etc. of slush pump, the cutterhead of shearing device, ring-shaped holder.
Preferably, described source of early warning includes water cutter probe source of early warning, water cutter source of early warning, alloy cutter source of early warning, wherein water cutter probe source of early warning employing varistor measuring probe probes into the pressure of the inspecting hole near exit of rock cylinder, when the pressure jet density less than or equal to 3.1416 times takes advantage of unit interval jetting amount long-pending, it is considered as security situation, otherwise is considered as unsafe conditions; Water cutter source of early warning and alloy cutter source of early warning position, circuit is separate, all adopts or door mode connects unit, and the ammeter record current to be series at main line feeds back to control room, the change increased with electric current when open circuit or electric leakage occur time, the fracture of reflection cutter or damage.
Preferably, described water cutter driving formula shield machine except heading equipment, ring-shaped holder, source of early warning all or part of, other device is placed in rock cylinder away from tunneling direction side when headwork performs.
Heading equipment specification has difference according to practice of construction stratum, Taxonomic discussion ground, as shown in the following chart:
Table note: existing shield machine disk cutter tooling setup is enumerated as follows:
(1) wearing layer surface cutter ring: suitable in stratum such as the tight stratum of driving hardness 40MPa, the fracture conglomerate of hardness 80～100MPa, sandstone, sand clays.
(2) standard steel cutter ring: be applicable to the driving conglomerate of hardness 50～150MPa, marble, sandstone, limestone formation.
(3) heavy-duty steel cutter ring: be applicable to the hard rock of driving hardness 120～250MPa, the height abrasion rock stratum of hardness 80～150MPa, such as stratum such as granite, diabase, porphyry, serpentine and basalt.
(4) inserted hard alloy cutter ring: be applicable to the stratum such as the driving granite of hardness up to 150～250MPa, basalt, porphyry and quartzite.
Water cutter is newly to improve shield technique " cutter ", will to a certain degree replace existing heavy-duty steel cutter ring. Recommending to adopt nozzle is synthetic sapphire or diamond, and the high-pressure water cutter of operating pressure 300MPa substitutes heavy-duty steel cutter ring and hard alloy steel cutter ring. Instead of rear, identical cutting effect just can be reached with less cutter number.
From above-mentioned about description of the invention, practice content, water cutter provided by the invention driving formula shield machine is compared with prior art, it has the beneficial effects that: by water cutter technology and shield technique combination, be conducive to relying on ring-shaped holder and tunnel plate supporting role to reduce mine landslide risk, mine used heat harm is alleviated by water jet cooling effect, reduce water leak accident risk by sand water circulation use equipment, reduce the harm of dust by Water jet dust removal effect. Water cutter technology can effectively reduce cost with shield technique combination simultaneously, currently, tunnel over strait, big city subway construction etc. need the occasion of shield-tunneling construction under phreatic surface, this shield machine is at stratum crushing, the location construction of complex lithology, subsoil water waste and equipment attrition can being greatly decreased, thus reducing pollution and waste, reducining the construction costs. Notice, when rock post reaches certain length, brittle fracture will be occurred to come off when it is unsettled, for this feature, ring-shaped holder will control lifting by hydraulic jack, it is possible to retreating as piston and take out rock post, this feature is very beneficial for the occasion needing completely to take out fossil, gem-jade druse, therefore this technological improvement is applicable to ore body volume greatly, buries deep mineral deposit and needs to keep the Gem And Jade Mineral Deposits of Ore integrity as far as possible. Water cutter driving formula shield machine applies to mining, the same with traditional mining mode can leave huge space in underground, but it is different from existing goaf, the space that shield technique stays is metastable, therefore mined out part can be built mine refuge institute, or underground storehouse, Civil Air Defense Facilities, inhabitation place, underground, subterranean laboratory etc., it is achieved mine spatial synthesis utilizes.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the present invention: water cutter driving formula shield machine, the ring-shaped holder of the one of which embodiment related to and the equipment component schematic diagram of rear end.
Fig. 2 is the one of which embodiment that the present invention relates to generalized section vertically.
Fig. 3 is that the shield machine that the one of which embodiment that the present invention relates to provides is marched into the arena construction schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the stillpot of the shield machine that the one of which embodiment that the present invention relates to provides, when wherein the driving drum of drainage screen is the driving drum that two differ in size, and generalized section vertically.
Fig. 5 is the stillpot cross-sectional direction generalized section of the shield machine that the one of which embodiment that the present invention relates to provides.
Fig. 6 is the stillpot of the shield machine that the one of which embodiment that the present invention relates to provides, when wherein the driving drum of drainage screen is three equal-sized driving drums, and generalized section vertically.
Fig. 7 is the stillpot of the shield machine that the one of which embodiment that the present invention relates to provides, when wherein the driving drum of drainage screen is four equal-sized driving drums, and generalized section vertically.
Fig. 8 is the drainage screen cross sectional representation of the stillpot of the shield machine that the one of which embodiment that the present invention relates to provides.
Fig. 9 is the rotatable locomotive platform schematic diagram of dual-layer disc-shaped of the shield machine haulage gear that the one of which embodiment that the present invention relates to provides.
Figure 10 is the shield machine haulage gear lower wall top view that the one of which embodiment that the present invention relates to provides.
Accompanying drawing labelling: 1: ring-shaped holder; 2: water cutter; 3: draw water sandpipe; 4: stillpot; 5: pressurized equipment; 6: cutterhead; 7: haulage gear; 8: water cutter is popped one's head in; 9: vertical jack; 10: alloy cutter; 11: helical tubular cavity; 12: rock cylinder; 13: radiation support; 14: power-equipment; 15: the rotatable locomotive platform of dual-layer disc-shaped; 16: track; 17: inclined plate baffle; 18: drainage screen; 18.1: the dividing plate of tool funnel-form communicating pipe; 19: driving drum; 20: slag-drip opening; 21: upper dish; 22: lower wall; 23: latch; 24: slush pump; 25: motor.
Detailed description of the invention
Understandable in order to make the purpose of the present invention, feature, advantage become apparent from, below in conjunction with the detailed description of the invention related in accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than whole embodiment. Based on embodiments of the invention, all other embodiments that those skilled in the art obtain under not carrying out creative work premise, broadly fall into the scope of protection of the invention.
Water cutter driving formula shield machine, i.e. a kind of employing 2: the shield machine of water cutter driving, basic composition includes: heading equipment, it is characterised in that by part or all of for existing shield machine 10: alloy cutter replaces with 2: water cutter, be placed in shield machine foremost; Annular retaining equipment, it is characterized in that cross sectional shape is identical with required tunnel outer wall shape, in short tube shape, with existing shield machine 1: set up the 17 of longitudinal jack groove (hereinafter referred to as 9: vertical jack) and Against Water Inrush compared with ring-shaped holder: inclined plate baffle, have keep that tunnel-shaped is stable, the effect of assembled plate, fixing and protection heading equipment; Sand water circulation use equipment, extract the subsoil water oozed under landwaste, dregs and the stratum produced in shield machine tunneling process, after sorted, the subsoil water extracted is by the 2 of heading equipment: water cutter recycles, the landwaste of extraction, a dregs part are as adding sand 2: the frosted recycling of water cutter, and a part mixes the plate raw material as shield with concrete; Vehicle equipment, including 16: track, hitching machinery, cutting equipment, pulls, cuts off, migrates cut 12: rock cylinder, and it is in place to deliver required miscellaneous equipment;
Control room, controls the motion of shield machine each several part, collects and process sensing data, providing the space of trouble free service for personnel.
Preferably, described water cutter driving formula shield machine, its heading equipment includes: 2: water cutter, substitute part or all of the 10 of original shield machine: alloy cutter, use when rock is uneven, harder or is easily generated harmful dust, each 2: water cutter has independent sensor and is controlled individually, and detachably replaces; 10: alloy cutter, partly or entirely by 2: water cutter substitutes, use as rock uniform and softer (less than 200Mpa); Cutter ring, is divided into rotation and two kinds of nonrotational type, and annular shield adopts rotation, and abnormity shield adopts nonrotational type; 8: water cutter is popped one's head in, described 8: water cutter probe has 2 for front end: water cutter, and rear end has the telescopic metallic rod of pressure transducer, is positioned at 12: the geometric center of the rock bottom cylindrical face center of circle or cutter ring advances to shield machine direction of advance; Sensor, with by varistor, critesistor, electrode curent change reflect the qualitative change such as the pressure of its position, temperature, subsoil water dissolved salts concentration; Propulsion plant, control room the multiple levels, the jack in oblique direction that control form, and each jack is separate;
Shearing device, described shearing device includes 6: cutterhead, conveyer belt, 9: vertical jack, broken, cutting, transport 12: rock cylinder leaves face;
Base, described base is along tunnel 16: track front end tangential direction, at least includes two long and narrow assemblies being parallel to each other, and guides 16: track laying.
Preferably, wherein heading equipment is characterised by: described heading equipment cross sectional shape is identical with required tunnel outer wall shape, by original shield machine 6: cutterhead is transformed to cutter ring, or the closed annular of the tunnel outer wall shape with abnormity shield, namely cutter is distributed in closed annular plane domain, the rock of direct fractured rock (circle) post side during driving.
Preferably, wherein annular retaining equipment is characterised by: described ring-shaped holder is cylindrical shape, can rotate around rotating shaft, and the projection of rotating shaft is positioned at 1: the center of circle of ring-shaped holder, with 8: water cutter probe coexistence straight line, adopt hexagonal, anistree or 12 jiao 13: radiation support is along rotating shaft direction, or to be positioned at 1: three trisection points or the more Along ent position eccentrically weighted shaft of ring-shaped holder circular cross-section drive 1: ring-shaped holder rotates, support and 12: with separating by the folding baffle plate in forward direction rear end between rock cylinder, its propeller is equally distributed hydraulic jack, it is placed in 1: rear end, ring-shaped holder periphery, tubular 1: ring-shaped holder inwall has the groove being perpendicular to tunneling direction of annular, abnormity 1: ring-shaped holder inwall has a perpendicular to two grooves of tunneling direction, groove front end has agitator and 24: slush pump, for stirring subsoil water and mud and by 3: the 4 of the sandpipe that draws water guiding sand water circulation use equipment: stillpot.
Preferably, wherein shearing device is characterised by: described shearing device is cut off or segmentation 12: the device of rock cylinder, it is positioned at 1: the 9 of the also board two row base altogether of ring-shaped holder vertically lower section: vertical jack, and 12: the 6 of rock rear cylindrical: cutterhead; 9 can be relied on: the lifting of vertical jack, utilize 12: rock cylinder self gravitation is so as to rupture voluntarily, or relies on 12: the 6 of rock rear cylindrical: cutterhead directly cuts.
Preferably, its medium sand water circulation use equipment is characterised by:
Described sand water circulation use equipment includes:
Agitator, passively stirs the subsoil water oozed under landwaste, dregs and the stratum produced in shield machine tunneling process in cutter ring bottom;
24: slush pump, described 24: slush pump connection 3: draw water sandpipe, provide power for extracting the subsoil water oozed under landwaste, dregs and the stratum produced in shield machine tunneling process;
3: draw water sandpipe, described 3: the sandpipe that draws water is extract the passage in the subsoil water process oozed under the landwaste, dregs and the stratum that produce in shield machine tunneling process;
18: drainage screen, described drainage screen is the double-deck conveyer belt in tool hole, sieve aperture is unidirectional variable, cross section valve shape, rock debris to choose 40-150 order sends into 4: stillpot, its at least two 19: driving drum rotating shaft is parallel to each other, favour horizontal plane to place, when 18: the 19 of drainage screen: driving drum is two differ in size 19: during driving drum, away from driving end 19: driving drum radius more than another 19: 3 times of driving drum radius, when 18: the 19 of drainage screen: driving drum is three equal-sized 19: during driving drum, further away from driving end two 19: inclined-plane folded by driving drum and horizontal plane angle are acute angle, when 18: the 19 of drainage screen: driving drum is four equal-sized 19: during driving drum, further away from driving end three 19: two inclined-planes and 18 folded by driving drum: other parts of drainage screen Guan Bi presss from both sides into swallow-tail form, two inclined-plane juniors are acute angle with horizontal plane angle, the higher person angle is obtuse angle,
4: stillpot, described 4: stillpot submergence 18: the part of drainage screen is divided into three layers, with non-submergence 18: the part of drainage screen is with 18.1: tool funnel-form communicating pipe dividing plate separate, middle level, layered portion upper strata is kept in and is added water needed for sand water cutter and sand, and submergence 18: drainage screen, lower floor keeps in mud;
5: pressurized equipment, described 5: pressurized equipment is by 4: the supernatant in stillpot with through 18: the rock debris of drainage screen pressurizes discretely, and send into add sand water cutter perform jet;
20: slag-drip opening, described 20: slag-drip opening is positioned at 4: stillpot bottom 18: the bottom surface of drainage screen side diagonally downward or vertical side, size scalable, to discharge the excessive gravel of the too small mud of granule and granule or excessive waste residue.
Preferably, wherein vehicle equipment is characterised by: described vehicle equipment is positioned over 16: the fore-end on track, by 15: the rotatable locomotive platform traction of dual-layer disc-shaped and delivery; 21: upper dish and 22: between lower wall with at least six roots of sensation horizontally and vertically direction etc. big 23: latch is fixed, 23: latch relies on nut and 23 after inserting: the screw tightening of latch one end is fixed; The functions of the equipments of different directions are different, are securable to 21: the equipment of upper dish includes 24: slush pump, shearing device 6: cutterhead, 1: the 25 of ring-shaped holder: motor etc.
Preferably, described source of early warning includes 8: water cutter probe source of early warning, 2: water cutter source of early warning, 10: alloy cutter source of early warning, wherein 8: water cutter probe source of early warning adopts varistor to measure 8: probe into 12: the pressure of the inspecting hole near exit of rock cylinder, when the pressure jet density less than or equal to 3.1416 times takes advantage of unit interval jetting amount long-pending, it is considered as security situation, otherwise is considered as unsafe conditions; Water cutter source of early warning and 10: alloy cutter source of early warning position, circuit is separate, all adopt or door mode connects unit, ammeter record current to be series at main line feeds back to control room, the change increased with electric current when open circuit or electric leakage occur time, the fracture of reflection cutter or damage.
Preferably, described water cutter driving formula shield machine except heading equipment, 1: ring-shaped holder, source of early warning all or part of, other device is placed in 12 when headwork performs: rock cylinder is away from tunneling direction side.
The shield machine provided by the invention form of construction work of marching into the arena in the subterranean tunnel process of construction of level land is characterized by, first excavate radius with cut and cover method and be not less than 1: ring-shaped holder cross sectional radius, length is not less than 1: ring-shaped holder, 7: haulage gear, sand water circulation use equipment is along one section of long and narrow pit-hole of 2 times of tunneling direction side end to end spread length sum, the pit-hole degree of depth is not less than 1 in principle: 1.36 times of (uniform ground consisting of hard rock of 250MPa of ring-shaped holder radius, should suitably deepen at soft rock and uneven strata), after completing excavation, first part in place is 1: the entirety of ring-shaped holder, including 1: the sensor of the source of early warning that ring-shaped holder is wherein subsidiary, 2: water cutter, 10: alloy cutter, 14: power-equipment and partial circuit, and by 9: vertical jack lifts 1: ring-shaped holder twice parallel groove (first encapsulation) below, and 1: ring-shaped holder and 12: the appurtenances such as scultellum pre-splicing between rock cylinder. the major part of this stage sand water cycle utilization device, including 3: draw water sandpipe, 24: slush pump, 4: stillpot, can first be placed in outside hole and perform operation, water level decreasing in long and narrow pit-hole is to lifting 1: 9 in ring-shaped holder twice parallel groove below: time below vertical jack, can will have 9: the encapsulation of vertical jack groove releases, and by sand water cycle utilization device, 7: the 16 of haulage gear: track and rotatable locomotive platform enter hole and lay in place, simultaneously 1: the 2 of ring-shaped holder front end: water cutter starts to perform jet, namely now heading equipment is started working, perform driving.
Especially, when 12: the length of rock cylinder is more than 1: ring-shaped holder and its load can not make its natural fracture, use 8: the position of water cutter probe preformed hole, by 8: probe jet direction changes cross-sectional direction into, and 8: water cutter probe can around 12: rock cylinder preformed hole center annular rotates, or by 8: probe jet direction changes ratchet-like into external radiation, the probe that can rotate along the opposite direction away from tangent line. I.e. 8 now: water cutter probe becomes parts of heading equipment. Advising the heading equipment and 1 by being applied to the embodiment that hard rock tunnel is tunneled: the employing twin shaft water cutter that ring-shaped holder is peripheral, its jet direction is at tunneling direction and 12 simultaneously: rotate within the scope of 0 ° to 90 ° of rock cylindrical cross-section direction.
Especially, when the tunnel construction sections built has water inrush accident risk, it is necessary to add in front end, laid tunnel for protect 17: inclined plate baffle. 17: inclined plate baffle is in the projection position of vertical direction, it is necessary to drop on 12: rock cylinder and 7: between the locomotive platform of haulage gear, can temporarily fix 3 therebetween: the mouth of pipe of the sandpipe that draws water, must not have 16: track. Easily speculate: when water inrush accident occurs, the rock post of fracture rearward can be pushed by hydraulic pressure, but will block at baffle plate place time, formation piston, the current sprayed be only limitted to preformed hole, 1: ring-shaped holder lower grooves. Least radius (about 3m) and 8 with domestic existing shield machine: water cutter probe can cut out the radius (about 0.1m) of maximum preformed hole and calculate, the current now sprayed, to 12: rock cylinder is away from the impulsive force maximum intensity of tunneling direction one end. 12 are paused: during rock cylinder laying baffle wedge, the approximation relation being directly proportional to aisle spare by its impulsive force of gushing water pressure one timing, when utilizing the stratum that this embodiment provided by the invention construction runs into possible gushing water, gushing water water flow impact pressure becomes less than original 1/900.
Especially, when water cutter provided by the invention driving formula shield machine is applied to mine, can by 1: it is little that the inwall of ring-shaped holder or interlayer add front opening, open rearward end big 11: helical tubular cavity, for placing crack detector, or geophysics instrument (special instrument of especially logging well), in order to real-time tracing ore shoot, blind orebody, reduce horsestone, and follow the tracks of whether stablizing of equipment and subterranean formation in hole, ore deposit at any time. The tinsel that instrument front opening passes into enters from open rearward end towing, open rearward end walks around 1 with the steel wire other end of front end: ring-shaped holder lower grooves connects front end instrument, from locomotive platform control instrument be piston-like 11: move helical tubular cavity in, namely flaw detection or geophysics instrument in place used by steel wire must have and only one section.
From above-mentioned about description of the invention, practice content, water cutter provided by the invention driving formula shield machine is compared with prior art, it has the beneficial effects that: by water cutter technology and shield technique combination, be conducive to relying on 1: ring-shaped holder and tunnel plate supporting role reduce mine landslide risk, mine used heat harm is alleviated by water jet cooling effect, reduce water leak accident risk by sand water circulation use equipment, reduce the harm of dust by Water jet dust removal effect. Water cutter technology can effectively reduce cost with shield technique combination simultaneously, currently, tunnel over strait, big city subway construction etc. need the occasion of shield-tunneling construction under phreatic surface, this shield machine is at stratum crushing, the location construction of complex lithology, subsoil water waste and equipment attrition can being greatly decreased, thus reducing pollution and waste, reducining the construction costs. Noticing, when rock post reaches certain length, brittle fracture will be occurred when it is unsettled to come off, for this feature, ring-shaped holder will control lifting with the vertical jack of hydraulic pressure, it is possible to retreats as piston and takes out rock post, without being shattered. This feature is very beneficial for the occasion needing completely to take out fossil, gem-jade druse, and therefore this technological improvement is applicable to ore body volume greatly, buries deep mineral deposit and needs to keep the Gem And Jade Mineral Deposits of Ore integrity as far as possible.
Water cutter driving formula shield machine applies to mining, the same with traditional mining mode can leave huge space in underground, but it is different from existing goaf, the space that shield technique stays is metastable, therefore mined out part can be built mine refuge institute, or underground storehouse, Civil Air Defense Facilities, inhabitation place, underground, subterranean laboratory etc., it is achieved mine spatial synthesis utilizes.
Such scheme; it is only the description of the application preferably embodiment; but the protection domain of the application is not limited only to this; any people being familiar with this technology can realize easily in scope described herein; or do not change claim and relate to change or the replacement of basic feature; all should being encompassed within the protection domain of the application, namely the application protection domain should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (10)
1. water cutter driving formula shield machine, i.e. a kind of shield machine setting up water cutter driving, basic composition includes:
Heading equipment, it is characterised in that part or all of for existing shield machine alloy cutter is replaced with water cutter, is placed in shield machine foremost;
Annular (or outer wall) keeps equipment, it is characterized in that cross sectional shape is identical with required tunnel outer wall shape, in short tube shape, set up longitudinal jack and Against Water Inrush baffle plate groove compared with the ring-shaped holder of existing shield machine, have keep that tunnel-shaped is stable, the effect of assembled plate, fixing and protection heading equipment;
Sand water circulation use equipment, extract the subsoil water oozed under landwaste, dregs and the stratum produced in shield machine tunneling process, after sorted, the subsoil water extracted is recycled by the water cutter of heading equipment, the landwaste, the dregs part that extract recycle as the frosted adding sand water cutter, and a part mixes the plate raw material as shield with concrete; Vehicle equipment, including track, hitching machinery, cutting equipment, the rock cylinder that towing, cut-out, migration are cut, and it is in place to deliver required miscellaneous equipment;
Control room, controls the motion of shield machine each several part, collects and process sensing data, providing the space of trouble free service for personnel.
2. water cutter driving formula shield machine as claimed in claim 1, its heading equipment includes:
Water cutter, substitutes the part or all of alloy cutter of original shield machine, uses when rock is uneven, harder or is easily generated harmful dust, and each water cutter has independent sensor and is controlled individually, and detachably replaces;
Alloy cutter, is partly or entirely substituted by water cutter, uses as rock uniform and softer (less than 200Mpa); Cutter ring, is divided into rotation and two kinds of nonrotational type, and annular shield adopts rotation, and abnormity shield adopts nonrotational type;
Water cutter is popped one's head in, and described water cutter probe has water cutter for front end, and rear end has the telescopic metallic rod of pressure transducer, and the geometric center being positioned at the rock bottom cylindrical face center of circle or cutter ring advances to shield machine direction of advance;
Sensor, with by varistor, critesistor, electrode curent change reflect the qualitative change such as the pressure of its position, temperature, subsoil water dissolved salts concentration;
Propulsion plant, control room the multiple levels, the jack in oblique direction that control form, and each jack is separate;
Shearing device, described shearing device includes cutterhead, conveyer belt, vertical jack, broken, cutting, transports rock cylinder and leaves face;
Base, described base, along inner orbit front end, tunnel tangential direction, at least includes two long and narrow assemblies being parallel to each other, and guide rail lays.
3. water cutter driving formula shield machine as claimed in claim 1 or 2, its heading equipment specification has difference according to practice of construction stratum, as shown in the following chart:
4. water cutter driving formula shield machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein heading equipment is characterised by:
Described heading equipment cross sectional shape is identical with required tunnel outer wall shape, the cutterhead of original shield machine is transformed to cutter ring, or the closed annular of the tunnel outer wall shape with abnormity shield, namely cutter is distributed in closed annular plane domain, the rock of direct fractured rock (circle) post side during driving.
5. water cutter driving formula shield machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein annular (or outer wall) maintenance equipment is characterised by:
Described annular (or outer wall) holding means is cylindrical shape or abnormity, wherein cylindrical shape person can rotate around the axis, the projection of axle is positioned at the center of circle of ring-shaped holder, with water cutter probe coexistence straight line, adopt hexagonal, anise or 12 jiaos of radiation support connection rotating shaft centers, or multiple eccentrically weighted shafts of three trisection points or more Along ent position to be positioned at ring-shaped holder circular cross-section drive ring-shaped holder to rotate, with separating by the folding baffle plate in forward direction rear end between support and rock cylinder, its propeller is equally distributed hydraulic jack, it is placed in rear end, ring-shaped holder periphery, tubular ring-shaped holder inwall has the groove being perpendicular to tunneling direction of annular, Special-shaped annular holding means inwall has a perpendicular to two grooves of tunneling direction, groove front end has agitator and slush pump, for stirring subsoil water and mud the stillpot by the sandpipe guiding sand water circulation use equipment that draws water.
6. water cutter driving formula shield machine as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein shearing device is characterised by:
Described shearing device is the device cutting off or splitting rock cylinder, and its also board two row being positioned at ring-shaped holder vertically lower section are total to the vertical jack of base and the cutterhead of rock rear cylindrical; The lifting of vertical jack can be relied on, utilize rock cylinder self gravitation so as to rupture voluntarily, or the cutterhead by rock rear cylindrical directly cuts.
7. water cutter driving formula shield machine as claimed in claim 1, its medium sand water circulation use equipment is characterised by:
Described sand water circulation use equipment includes:
Agitator, passively stirs the subsoil water oozed under landwaste, dregs and the stratum produced in shield machine tunneling process in cutter ring bottom;
Slush pump, described slush pump connects the sandpipe that draws water, and provides power for extracting the subsoil water oozed under landwaste, dregs and the stratum produced in shield machine tunneling process;
Draw water sandpipe, described in the sandpipe that draws water be extract the passage in the subsoil water process oozed under the landwaste, dregs and the stratum that produce in shield machine tunneling process;
Drainage screen, described drainage screen is the double-deck conveyer belt in tool hole, sieve aperture is unidirectional variable, cross section valve shape, the rock debris choosing 40-150 order sends into stillpot, its at least two driving drum rotating shaft is parallel to each other, favour horizontal plane to place, when the driving drum of drainage screen is the driving drum that two differ in size, away from the driving drum radius of driving end more than 3 times of another driving drum radius, when the driving drum of drainage screen is three equal-sized driving drums, it is acute angle further away from inclined-plane and horizontal plane angle folded by two driving drums of driving end, when the driving drum of drainage screen is four equal-sized driving drums, close further away from two inclined-plane and drainage screen other parts folded by three driving drums of driving end and press from both sides into swallow-tail form, two inclined-plane juniors are acute angle with horizontal plane angle, the higher person angle is obtuse angle,
Stillpot, the part of described stillpot submergence drainage screen is divided into three layers, separates with the baffle plate having funnel-form communicating pipe with the part of non-submergence drainage screen, and middle level, layered portion upper strata is kept in and added water needed for sand water cutter and sand, and submergence drainage screen, and lower floor keeps in mud;
Compression chamber, the supernatant in stillpot is pressurizeed discretely by described compression chamber with the rock debris through drainage screen, and feeding adds sand water cutter and performs jet;
Slag-drip opening, described slag-drip opening is positioned at the bottom surface of drainage screen side diagonally downward, stillpot bottom or vertical side, size scalable, the gravel excessive to discharge the too small mud of granule and granule.
8. water cutter driving formula shield machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein vehicle equipment is characterised by:
Described vehicle equipment is positioned over the part on track, by the rotatable locomotive platform traction of dual-layer disc-shaped and delivery; Between upper dish and lower wall with at least six roots of sensation horizontally and vertically direction etc. big latch fix, latch is fixed by the screw tightening of nut and latch one end after inserting; The functions of the equipments of different directions are different, and the equipment being securable to dish includes the motor etc. of slush pump, the cutterhead of shearing device, ring-shaped holder.
9. water cutter driving formula shield machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein source of early warning is characterised by:
Described source of early warning includes water cutter probe source of early warning, water cutter source of early warning, alloy cutter source of early warning, wherein water cutter probe source of early warning employing varistor measuring probe probes into the pressure of the inspecting hole near exit of rock cylinder, when the pressure jet density less than or equal to 3.1416 times takes advantage of unit interval jetting amount long-pending, it is considered as security situation, otherwise is considered as unsafe conditions; Water cutter source of early warning and alloy cutter source of early warning position, circuit is separate, all adopts or door mode connects unit, and the ammeter record current to be series at main line feeds back to control room, the change increased with electric current when open circuit or electric leakage occur time, the fracture of reflection cutter or damage.
10. water cutter driving formula shield machine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described water cutter driving formula shield machine except heading equipment, ring-shaped holder, source of early warning all or part of, other device is placed in rock cylinder away from tunneling direction side when headwork performs.
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| CN201610188555.2A CN105673029B (en) | 2016-03-30 | 2016-03-30 | Water knife tunnels formula shield machine |
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| CN201610188555.2A CN105673029B (en) | 2016-03-30 | 2016-03-30 | Water knife tunnels formula shield machine |
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| CN105673029B CN105673029B (en) | 2019-08-09 |
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| CN107762524A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2018-03-06 | 吴茂盛 | Water cutting shield machine |
| CN108952747A (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2018-12-07 | 淮南中泰矿山装备制造有限公司 | Pipe jacking tunnelling machine is into mud discharging device |
| CN109578005A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2019-04-05 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | A kind of development machine and its driving method using pressurization wind broken rock |
| CN110108588A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2019-08-09 | 中南大学 | A kind of compound broken rock experimental provision of high-pressure water jet hobboing cutter multiple degrees of freedom |
| CN110130917A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-08-16 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | It is a kind of for cutting the high-pressure water device of boulder in front of tunnel |
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| CN109578005A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2019-04-05 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | A kind of development machine and its driving method using pressurization wind broken rock |
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| CN110284894A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-09-27 | 天津宏轩达科技有限公司 | A kind of shield machine flexible compound cutterhead |
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| CN110792105A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-02-14 | 上海建工二建集团有限公司 | Existing in-situ pipe well segmented obstacle clearing method and device |
| CN113818892A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-12-21 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Rock breaking and tunneling device and rock breaking method thereof |
| CN114427467A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-05-03 | 山东大学 | Water jet assisted molding special-shaped section cutter head, tunnel boring machine and method |
| CN114427467B (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2023-01-06 | 山东大学 | Water jet assisted molding special-shaped section cutter head, tunnel boring machine and method |
| CN115419423A (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2022-12-02 | 中铁十四局集团隧道工程有限公司 | Earth slag removing equipment for subway construction |
| CN115419423B (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2023-04-04 | 中铁十四局集团隧道工程有限公司 | Earth slag removing equipment for subway construction |
| CN117514217A (en) * | 2023-11-07 | 2024-02-06 | 深圳大学 | Shield tunneling machine tube bundle cutter head, shield tunneling machine and construction method of shield tunneling machine |
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