CN105671384B - Aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105671384B CN105671384B CN201610008787.5A CN201610008787A CN105671384B CN 105671384 B CN105671384 B CN 105671384B CN 201610008787 A CN201610008787 A CN 201610008787A CN 105671384 B CN105671384 B CN 105671384B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/053—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with zinc as the next major constituent
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of aluminium alloys and preparation method thereof.The component and weight percent of the aluminium alloy be：Zn=4.0~11.0%, Mg=2.0~3.0%, Si=0~0.3%, Ti=0~0.04%, Cu=0~0.2%, Zr=0~0.01%, Cr=0~0.01%, Mn=0~0.01%, Fe<0.1%, surplus is Al and subsidiary impurity, and wherein Zn, Mg weight ratio is：Zn/Mg=2~6.The present invention solves the problems, such as commercial 7xxx systems (such as 7075,7050,7055) high strength alumin ium alloy, and there are the surface appearance defects such as bacillar structure striped, surface jaundice during anodized, it enables aluminum alloy to integrate high intensity and good anodized appearance, further improve the intensity of existing electronic equipment fuselage shell aluminium alloy, effectively meet performance requirement of the lightening development of electronic equipment to fuselage cover aluminum alloy materials, while can also expand the application field of 7xxx series high-strength aluminum alloys.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aluminum alloy materials fields more particularly to a kind of aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Currently, electronic equipment (such as mobile phone, tablet computer, notebook computer, electronic watch, electronic player, electronic reading
Device, electronic console etc.) lightening development trend is presented, this proposes more the performance of the fuselage cover material of electronic equipment
High requirement, fuselage cover material not only wants intensity high, while also to have good appearance.It is well known that aluminium closes
Gold utensil has the advantages that specific strength is high, processing performance is good, at low cost, and aluminium alloy is handled by anodized surface, can be obtained
Obtain good appearance.Compared to common plastics and stainless steel in electronic equipment fuselage sheathing material, anodised aluminium closes
Golden material have bright color, specific strength is high, frivolous, corrosion resistance is strong, it is wear-resisting, be not easy to scratch, metal-like remarkably, resistant,
The advantages that anti-fingerprint, has significant advantage.Therefore, commercial aluminum alloys become new the one of electronic equipment (such as commercial 6063 alloys)
For fuselage cover material.But the intensity of commercial 6063 alloys is relatively low (yield strength is about 210Mpa), is set as electronics
Standby host body sheathing material is also easy to produce the deformations such as bending, recess.In current all types of commercial aluminum alloys, 7xxx systems (Al-Zn-
Mg-Cu systems) high-strength aluminum alloys such as 7075,7050,7055 in aluminium alloy have highest intensity, it is widely used in aviation boat
Its field, traffic and transport field are extremely important light-weight high-strength materials in the field.
But commercial 7xxx series high-strength aluminum alloys (such as 7075,7050,7055) exist during anodized
Phenomena such as bacillar structure striped, surface jaundice, black line, stain, influence appearance.Therefore, directly by commercial 7xxx systems aluminium
Fuselage cover material after alloy anode oxidation as electronic equipment, appearance do not reach requirement.
Therefore, it is necessary to the work that further conducts a research, to the ingredient of commercial 7xxx line aluminium alloys, phase composition, micro- group
It knits structure and preparation process is improved optimization, make outside 7xxx line aluminium alloy collection high intensity and good anodized surface
It sees, to meet the performance requirement of electronic equipment fuselage sheathing material.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to by the way that commercial 7xxx systems (Al-Zn-Mg-Cu systems), high strength alumin ium alloy is (such as
7075,7050,7055 etc.) ingredient, phase composition, institutional framework, preparation process carry out innovation and improve it in anodic oxidation
The defects of bacillar structure striped present in processing procedure, surface jaundice, black line problem, develop it is a kind of there is high intensity,
And there is the aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof of good anodized appearance simultaneously.
Aluminium alloy provided by the invention, the component and weight percent of the aluminium alloy are：Zn=4.0~11.0%, Mg=
2.0~3.0%, Si=0~0.3%, Ti=0~0.04%, Cu=0~0.2%, Zr=0~0.01%, Cr=0~
0.01%, Mn=0~0.01%, Fe<0.1%, surplus is Al and subsidiary impurity, and wherein Zn, Mg weight ratio is：Zn/Mg=2
~6.
Above-mentioned aluminium alloy, the component and weight percent of the aluminium alloy are：Zn=5.5~8.6%, Mg=2.0~
2.6%, Si=0~0.2%, Ti=0~0.03%, Cu=0~0.15%, Zr=0~0.01%, Cr=0~0.01%, Mn
=0~0.01%, Fe<0.08%, surplus is Al and subsidiary impurity, and wherein Zn, Mg weight ratio is：Zn/Mg=2~6.
Above-mentioned aluminium alloy, in the impurity, single impurity content is no more than 0.01%.
The tensile strength of above-mentioned aluminium alloy, the aluminium alloy is more than 420Mpa.
The hardness of above-mentioned aluminium alloy, the aluminium alloy is more than 140HV.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of above-mentioned aluminium alloy, including：
Raw material is weighed, dispensing is carried out according to the weight percent of each component；
By the raw material at 740~760 DEG C after melting, is poured into a mould and obtained at 710~730 DEG C using semi-continuous casting method
Obtain ingot casting；
Two-step homogenization processing is carried out to the ingot casting, the temperature of first order homogenization is 420 DEG C~440 DEG C, and the time is
12~for 24 hours；It is 24~36h that the temperature of second level homogenization, which is 460 DEG C~475 DEG C homogenization times,；
Blank is obtained to passing through the ingot casting progress peeling of Homogenization Treatments, cutting saw, thermal deformation processing then is carried out to blank
Processing obtains alloy product；
The alloy product is subjected to solution treatment, is then quickly quenching into room temperature；Solid solubility temperature is 460~480 DEG C, when
Between be 1~4h；
Aging strengthening model is carried out to the product after solution treatment, to obtain above-mentioned alloy product.
Above-mentioned aluminium alloy preparation method, the raw material include the aluminium ingot of purity >=99.99%, purity >=99.99%
Zinc, the magnesium of purity >=99.99% and grain refiner Al-Ti-B.
Above-mentioned aluminium alloy preparation method, the aging thermal treating process are T6 single-stage agings, T73 two-stage time effects and T77
Any one in multistage aging.
Above-mentioned aluminium alloy preparation method, the thermal deformation working process use extrusion process, squeeze temperature be 410~
440 DEG C, when heat preservation a length of 2~4h.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：It solves commercial 7xxx systems (such as 7075,7050,7055) high strength alumin ium alloy to exist
There are the surface appearance defects such as bacillar structure striped, surface jaundice during anodized, it is high to enable aluminum alloy to collection
Intensity and good anodized appearance, further improve existing electronic equipment fuselage shell and are closed with aluminium
The intensity of gold effectively meets performance requirement of the lightening development of electronic equipment to fuselage cover aluminum alloy materials, while also can
Expand the application field of 7xxx series high-strength aluminum alloys.The general characteristic of aluminium alloy provided by the invention is：Tensile strength ＞
420Mpa；Hardness ＞ 140HV；With uniformly tiny recrystallization equi-axed crystal；It can be obtained by anodized good
Appearance.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the metallographic structure shape appearance figure of commercial 7050 aluminium alloys；
Fig. 2 is the metallographic structure shape appearance figure of aluminium alloy provided by the invention.
Specific implementation mode
The following is a clear and complete description of the technical scheme in the embodiments of the invention, it is clear that described embodiment
Only it is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, the common skill in this field
All other embodiment that art personnel are obtained without making creative work belongs to the model that the present invention protects
It encloses.
The component and weight percent of aluminium alloy provided by the invention be：Zn=4.0~11.0%, Mg=2.0~
3.0%, Si=0~0.3%, Ti=0~0.04%, Cu=0~0.2%, Zr=0~0.01%, Cr=0~0.01%, Mn
=0~0.01%, Fe<0.1%, surplus is Al and subsidiary impurity, and wherein Zn, Mg weight ratio is：Zn/Mg=2~6.
Preferably, the component and weight percent of the aluminium alloy are：Zn=5.5~8.6%, Mg=2.0~2.6%,
Si=0~0.2%, Ti=0~0.03%, Cu=0~0.15%, Zr=0~0.01%, Cr=0~0.01%, Mn=0~
0.01%, Fe<0.08%, surplus is Al and subsidiary impurity, and wherein Zn, Mg weight ratio is：Zn/Mg=2~6.
Wherein, element is need to strengthen based on Zn, Mg element, tiny η ' is formed in the alloy after solid-solution and aging heat treatment
(MgZn2) phase, the intensity of alloy can be improved.
Cu elements are in conventional commercial 7xxx systems (Al-Zn-Mg-Cu systems) high strength alumin ium alloy (such as 7075,7050,7055)
Weight percent content be 2% or so, invigoration effect can be played the role of and improve corrosion resistance, but Cu constituent contents are high
So that alloy is turned to be yellow in anodized rear surface, influences appearance, thus, Cu elements are strictly controlled in aluminium alloy of the present invention
Additive amount, do not add Cu or the content of Cu be strict controlled in 0~0.2% range to improve the superficiality of alloy of the present invention
Can, while alloy being made to keep higher corrosion resistance.
Si elements are the elements of generally existing in commercial 7xxx systems (Al-Zn-Mg-Cu systems) aluminium alloy, but in the present invention one
In a little alloys Mg is formed added with a certain amount of Si elements2For Si phases with reinforced alloys, the additive amount of Si elements is 0~0.3% model
In enclosing.
Zr elements are trace elements important in commercial 7xxx line aluminium alloys, are formed in conventional commercial 7xxx line aluminium alloys
Al3Zr particles inhibit alloy in the recrystallization of hot-working and solution treatment process, form subgrain and bacillar structure structure is special
Sign, this characteristics of organizational structure improves anti-stress corrosion performance to conventional commercial 7xxx line aluminium alloys important role, but this
Alloy surface can be made to form bacillar structure striped in anode oxidation process, influence appearance, and it is right in alloy of the present invention
The requirement of the grain structure structure of alloy is completely different with conventional commercial 7xxx systems alloys, needs to form the uniform of perfect recrystallization
Tiny equi-axed crystal, to ensure that alloy can obtain the anodized surface appearance of no bacillar structure striped, thus this hair
The additive amount that Zr elements are strictly controlled in bright aluminium alloy, the content for not adding Zr or Zr are strict controlled in 0~0.01% range, make
Alloy obtains isometric recrystal grain tissue signature.
Ti elements are added to as grain refiner in 7xxx systems (Al-Zn-Mg-Cu systems) aluminium alloy, and it is brilliant to play refining alloy
The effect of grain, using Al-Ti series grain refiners general in aluminium alloy industry, the content control of Ti elements in alloy of the present invention
System is in 0~0.04% range.
Fe elements are the trace elements of generally existing in commercial 7xxx line aluminium alloys, are formed in alloy larger-size containing Fe
Second phase particles are easily broken into linear distribution along the direction of extrusion in extrusion process used for forming, make alloy in anode oxidation process
The defects of easily forming stain, black line, thus Fe constituent contents are strictly controlled in aluminium alloy of the present invention, Fe constituent contents
<0.1%.
Cr and Mn elements are the trace elements of generally existing in commercial 7xxx systems (Al-Zn-Mg-Cu systems) aluminium alloy, in order to
So that alloy is met the surface property requirement of anodic oxidation, the additive amount of Cr, Mn element is strictly controlled in alloy of the present invention, is not added
Add Cr and Mn elements or Cr and Mn constituent contents are strict controlled in 0~0.01% range respectively.
Preferably, the subsidiary impurity of the aluminium alloy, single impurity content are no more than 0.01%.Subsidiary impurity is control
Element except range, they inevitably enter from raw metal, salvage material.
Meanwhile the present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of aluminium alloy comprising：
Step S1：Raw material is weighed, dispensing is carried out according to the weight percent of each component；
The wherein described raw material includes the aluminium ingot of purity >=99.99%, the zinc of purity >=99.99%, purity >=99.99%
Magnesium and grain refiner Al-Ti-B.
Step S2：After the raw material melting, ingot casting is obtained using semi-continuous casting method；
The temperature of the wherein described raw material melting is controlled at 740~760 DEG C.In the raw material fusion process, need to molten
Body sampling carries out chemical composition analysis, is allowed to determination and reaches required composition range requirement, is adjusted accordingly if having deviation
It is whole；After the raw material becomes melt, refining agent can also be added and refined, to eliminate the gas and sundries in melt, make to melt
Body purifies, and a period of time is stood after skimming, then prepare ingot casting using semi-continuous casting method.During preparing ingot casting, need
Line is added grain refiner Al-Ti-B and is poured into a mould, and pouring temperature is controlled at 710~730 DEG C.
Step S3：Two-step homogenization processing is carried out to the ingot casting；
The first order homogenization temperature be 420 DEG C~440 DEG C, the time be 12~for 24 hours；The second level homogenization temperature be
460 DEG C~475 DEG C homogenization times are 24~36h；
Step S4：Blank is obtained to passing through the ingot casting progress peeling of Homogenization Treatments, cutting saw；
Step S5：By the blank through overheating deforming working process, solution heat treatment, quenching treatment, aging strengthening model work
After skill, aluminium alloy finished product is made.Specifically, in the present embodiment, thermal deformation working process uses extrusion process, remaining embodiment
In, the processing technologys such as rolling can also be used.First by the blank in 410~440 DEG C of range inside holding 2-4h, then at 1000 tons
The blank is squeezed into plate proximate matter on extruder, extrusion ratio 27.7, to obtain that surface quality is good and even tissue
Plate proximate matter is squeezed, extrusion die is optimized, and strictly control extrusion speed and extruding temperature.To the extrudate of acquisition
After scale sawing, carry out solution heat treatment, by the way of continuous warming at a slow speed, at 460~480 DEG C keep the temperature 1~3h, then into
Row quenching treatment, then carry out aging strengthening model.According to the difference of alloying component, aging thermal treating process difference, wherein institute
It is any one in T6 single-stage agings, T73 two-stage time effects and T77 multistage agings to state aging thermal treating process.
Embodiment 1
Contain Zn=4.42%, Mg=2.08%, Ti=0.027%, Cu=0.01%, Zr=0.01%, Cr=to prepare
0.01%, Mn=0.01%, Si=0.04%, Fe=0.08%, surplus are Al and subsidiary impurity, wherein Zn, Mg weight ratio
For：For the aluminium alloy of Zn/Mg=2.13.
Dispensing is carried out according to constituent content first, raw material aluminium ingot, zinc, magnesium are then passed through into oil removing, degasification and surface oxidation
Object is added to after being mingled in crucible；Crucible is warming up to 740 DEG C, after the raw material in crucible all fusing, sampling carries out chemistry
Constituent analysis is allowed to determination and reaches required composition range requirement, is adjusted correspondingly if having deviation, while refining is added
Agent is refined, and to eliminate the gas and sundries in melt, makes cleaning molten, and a period of time is stood after skimming, online that crystalline substance is added
Grain fining agent Al-Ti-B is poured into a mould, and pouring temperature is controlled at 710 DEG C, is prepared into cylindrical ingot；Cylindrical ingot is existed
It is 420 DEG C/12h+460 DEG C/carry out two-step homogenization down for 24 hours, then air-cooled in air；Through peeling, cut saw after obtain cylindrical type
Extrusion billet；Blank is kept the temperature into 3h at 420 DEG C, blank is then squeezed into plate proximate matter on 1000 tons of extruders, is squeezed
Than being 27.7；Plate proximate matter is subjected to solution heat treatment by the way of continuous warming at a slow speed, at 460 DEG C keep the temperature 2h, then into
Row Water Quenching；Finally carry out T6 single-stage aging processing, you can aluminium alloy finished product is made.
According to relevant performance test standard, the room-temperature mechanical property of aluminium alloy finished product obtained is tested, is tested
As a result it is：Tensile strength is 424MPa, yield strength 401MPa, hardness 141Hv.
Embodiment 2
Contain Zn=5.79%, Mg=2.12%, Ti=0.029%, Cu=0.11%, Zr=0.005%, Cr=to prepare
0.005%, Mn=0.005%, Si=0.04%, Fe=0.07%, surplus are Al and subsidiary impurity, wherein Zn, Mg weight
Than for：For the aluminium alloy of Zn/Mg=2.73.
Dispensing is carried out according to constituent content first, raw material aluminium ingot, zinc, magnesium are then passed through into oil removing, degasification and surface oxidation
Object is added to after being mingled in crucible；Crucible is warming up to 750 DEG C, after the raw material in crucible all fusing, sampling carries out chemistry
Constituent analysis is allowed to determination and reaches required composition range requirement, is adjusted correspondingly if having deviation, while refining is added
Agent is refined, and to eliminate the gas and sundries in melt, makes cleaning molten, and a period of time is stood after skimming, online that crystalline substance is added
Grain fining agent Al-Ti-B is poured into a mould, and pouring temperature is controlled at 720 DEG C, is prepared into cylindrical ingot；Cylindrical ingot is existed
It is 425 DEG C/12h+460 DEG C/carry out two-step homogenization down for 24 hours, then air-cooled in air；Through peeling, cut saw after obtain cylindrical type
Extrusion billet；Blank is kept the temperature into 3h at 430 DEG C, blank is then squeezed into plate proximate matter on 1000 tons of extruders, is squeezed
Than being 28.0；Plate proximate matter is subjected to solution heat treatment by the way of continuous warming at a slow speed, at 470 DEG C keep the temperature 1h, then into
Row Water Quenching；Finally carry out T73 two-stage time effect processing, you can aluminium alloy finished product is made.
According to relevant performance test standard, the room-temperature mechanical property of aluminium alloy finished product obtained is tested, is tested
As a result it is：Tensile strength is 438MPa, yield strength 405MPa, hardness 145Hv.
Embodiment 3
Contain Zn=6.21%, Mg=2.09%, Ti=0.028%, Cu=0.008%, Zr=0.009%, Cr to prepare
=0.009%, Mn=0.009%, Si=0.03%, Fe=0.06%, surplus are Al and subsidiary impurity, wherein Zn, Mg weight
Measuring ratio is：For the aluminium alloy of Zn/Mg=2.97.
Dispensing is carried out according to constituent content first, raw material aluminium ingot, zinc, magnesium are then passed through into oil removing, degasification and surface oxidation
Object is added to after being mingled in crucible；Crucible is warming up to 760 DEG C, after the raw material in crucible all fusing, sampling carries out chemistry
Constituent analysis is allowed to determination and reaches required composition range requirement, is adjusted correspondingly if having deviation, while refining is added
Agent is refined, and to eliminate the gas and sundries in melt, makes cleaning molten, and a period of time is stood after skimming, online that crystalline substance is added
Grain fining agent Al-Ti-B is poured into a mould, and pouring temperature is controlled at 730 DEG C, is prepared into cylindrical ingot；Cylindrical ingot is existed
It is 430 DEG C/16h+465 DEG C/carry out two-step homogenization down for 24 hours, then air-cooled in air；Through peeling, cut saw after obtain cylindrical type
Extrusion billet；Blank is kept the temperature into 1h at 440 DEG C, blank is then squeezed into plate proximate matter on 1000 tons of extruders, is squeezed
Than being 27.5；Plate proximate matter is subjected to solution heat treatment by the way of continuous warming at a slow speed, at 480 DEG C keep the temperature 3h, then into
Row Water Quenching；Finally carry out T77 multistage aging processing, you can aluminium alloy finished product is made.
According to relevant performance test standard, the room-temperature mechanical property of aluminium alloy finished product obtained is tested, is tested
As a result it is：Tensile strength is 450MPa, yield strength 431MPa, hardness 146Hv.
Embodiment 4
Contain Zn=6.68%, Mg=2.29%, Ti=0.030%, Cu=0~0.008%, Zr=0.007% to prepare,
Cr=0.007%, Mn=0.007%, Si=0.04%, Fe=0.049%, surplus are Al and subsidiary impurity, wherein Zn, Mg
Weight ratio is：For the aluminium alloy of Zn/Mg=2.92.
Dispensing is carried out according to constituent content first, raw material aluminium ingot, zinc, magnesium are then passed through into oil removing, degasification and surface oxidation
Object is added to after being mingled in crucible；Crucible is warming up to 755 DEG C, after the raw material in crucible all fusing, sampling carries out chemistry
Constituent analysis is allowed to determination and reaches required composition range requirement, is adjusted correspondingly if having deviation, while refining is added
Agent is refined, and to eliminate the gas and sundries in melt, makes cleaning molten, and a period of time is stood after skimming, online that crystalline substance is added
Grain fining agent Al-Ti-B is poured into a mould, and pouring temperature is controlled at 725 DEG C, is prepared into cylindrical ingot；Cylindrical ingot is existed
Two-step homogenization is carried out under 430 DEG C/16h+465 DEG C/30h, it is then air-cooled in air；Through peeling, cut saw after obtain cylindrical type
Extrusion billet；Blank is kept the temperature into 3h at 435 DEG C, blank is then squeezed into plate proximate matter on 1000 tons of extruders, is squeezed
Than being 27.4；Plate proximate matter is subjected to solution heat treatment by the way of continuous warming at a slow speed, at 475 DEG C keep the temperature 4h, then into
Row Water Quenching；Finally carry out T73 two-stage time effect processing, you can aluminium alloy finished product is made.
According to relevant performance test standard, the room-temperature mechanical property of aluminium alloy finished product obtained is tested, is tested
As a result it is：Tensile strength is 471MPa, yield strength 445MPa, hardness 157Hv.
Embodiment 5
Contain Zn=7.19%, Mg=2.32%, Ti=0.028%, Cu=0.10%, Zr=0.008%, Cr=to prepare
0.008%, Mn=0.008%, Si=0.17%, Fe=0.06%, surplus are Al and subsidiary impurity, wherein Zn, Mg weight
Than for：For the aluminium alloy of Zn/Mg=3.10.
Dispensing is carried out according to constituent content first, raw material aluminium ingot, zinc, magnesium are then passed through into oil removing, degasification and surface oxidation
Object is added to after being mingled in crucible；Crucible is warming up to 745 DEG C, after the raw material in crucible all fusing, sampling carries out chemistry
Constituent analysis is allowed to determination and reaches required composition range requirement, is adjusted correspondingly if having deviation, while refining is added
Agent is refined, and to eliminate the gas and sundries in melt, makes cleaning molten, and a period of time is stood after skimming, online that crystalline substance is added
Grain fining agent Al-Ti-B is poured into a mould, and pouring temperature is controlled at 720 DEG C, is prepared into cylindrical ingot；Cylindrical ingot is existed
It is 430 DEG C/16h+465 DEG C/carry out two-step homogenization down for 24 hours, then air-cooled in air；Through peeling, cut saw after obtain cylindrical type
Extrusion billet；Blank is preheated into 1h at 430 DEG C, blank is then squeezed into plate proximate matter on 1000 tons of extruders, is squeezed
Than being 27.5；Plate proximate matter is subjected to solution heat treatment by the way of continuous warming at a slow speed, at 470 DEG C keep the temperature 2h, then into
Row Water Quenching；Finally carry out T73 two-stage time effect processing, you can aluminium alloy finished product is made.
According to relevant performance test standard, the room-temperature mechanical property of aluminium alloy finished product obtained is tested, is tested
As a result it is：Tensile strength is 497MPa, yield strength 472MPa, hardness 161Hv.
Embodiment 6
Contain Zn=7.62%, Mg=2.29%, Ti=0.030%, Cu=0.12%, Zr=0.009%, Cr=to prepare
0.009%, Mn=0.009%, Si=0.18%, Fe=0.06%, surplus are Al and subsidiary impurity, wherein Zn, Mg weight
Than for：For the aluminium alloy of Zn/Mg=3.32.
Dispensing is carried out according to constituent content first, raw material aluminium ingot, zinc, magnesium are then passed through into oil removing, degasification and surface oxidation
Object is added to after being mingled in crucible；Crucible is warming up to 745 DEG C, after the raw material in crucible all fusing, sampling carries out chemistry
Constituent analysis is allowed to determination and reaches required composition range requirement, is adjusted correspondingly if having deviation, while refining is added
Agent is refined, and to eliminate the gas and sundries in melt, makes cleaning molten, and a period of time is stood after skimming, online that crystalline substance is added
Grain fining agent Al-Ti-B is poured into a mould, and pouring temperature is controlled at 730 DEG C, is prepared into cylindrical ingot；Cylindrical ingot is existed
Two-step homogenization is carried out under 435 DEG C/20h+475 DEG C/36h, it is then air-cooled in air；Through peeling, cut saw after obtain cylindrical type
Extrusion billet；Blank is kept the temperature into 2h at 430 DEG C, blank is then squeezed into plate proximate matter on 1000 tons of extruders, is squeezed
Than being 28.1；Plate proximate matter is subjected to solution heat treatment by the way of continuous warming at a slow speed, at 475 DEG C keep the temperature 2h, then into
Row Water Quenching；Finally carry out T6 single-stage aging processing, you can aluminium alloy finished product is made.
According to relevant performance test standard, the room-temperature mechanical property of aluminium alloy finished product obtained is tested, is tested
As a result it is：Tensile strength is 508MPa, yield strength 482MPa, hardness 165Hv.
Embodiment 7
Contain Zn=8.53%, Mg=2.42%, Ti=0.028%, Cu=0.15%, Zr=0.009%, Cr=to prepare
0.009%, Mn=0.009%, Si=0.18%, Fe=0.06%, surplus are Al and subsidiary impurity, wherein Zn, Mg weight
Than for：For the aluminium alloy of Zn/Mg=3.52.
Dispensing is carried out according to constituent content first, raw material aluminium ingot, zinc, magnesium are then passed through into oil removing, degasification and surface oxidation
Object is added to after being mingled in crucible；Crucible is warming up to 750 DEG C, after the raw material in crucible all fusing, sampling carries out chemistry
Constituent analysis is allowed to determination and reaches required composition range requirement, is adjusted correspondingly if having deviation, while refining is added
Agent is refined, and to eliminate the gas and sundries in melt, makes cleaning molten, and a period of time is stood after skimming, online that crystalline substance is added
Grain fining agent Al-Ti-B is poured into a mould, and pouring temperature is controlled at 720 DEG C, is prepared into cylindrical ingot；Cylindrical ingot is existed
Two-step homogenization is carried out under 435 DEG C/20h+468 DEG C/36h, it is then air-cooled in air；Through peeling, cut saw after obtain cylindrical type
Extrusion billet；Blank is preheated into 3h at 430 DEG C, blank is then squeezed into plate proximate matter on 1000 tons of extruders, is squeezed
Than being 27.9；Plate proximate matter is subjected to solution heat treatment by the way of continuous warming at a slow speed, at 480 DEG C keep the temperature 2h, then into
Row Water Quenching；Finally carry out T77 multistage aging processing, you can aluminium alloy finished product is made.
According to relevant performance test standard, the room-temperature mechanical property of aluminium alloy finished product obtained is tested, is tested
As a result it is：Tensile strength is 538MPa, yield strength 515MPa, hardness 173Hv.
Embodiment 8
Contain Zn=9.02%, Mg=2.61%, Ti=0.031%, Cu=0.20%, Zr=0.01%, Cr=to prepare
0.01%, Mn=0.01%, Si=0.18%, Fe=0.07%, surplus are Al and subsidiary impurity, wherein Zn, Mg weight ratio
For：For the aluminium alloy of Zn/Mg=3.46.
Dispensing is carried out according to constituent content first, raw material aluminium ingot, zinc, magnesium are then passed through into oil removing, degasification and surface oxidation
Object is added to after being mingled in crucible；Crucible is warming up to 755 DEG C, after the raw material in crucible all fusing, sampling carries out chemistry
Constituent analysis is allowed to determination and reaches required composition range requirement, is adjusted correspondingly if having deviation, while refining is added
Agent is refined, and to eliminate the gas and sundries in melt, makes cleaning molten, and a period of time is stood after skimming, online that crystalline substance is added
Grain fining agent Al-Ti-B is poured into a mould, and pouring temperature is controlled at 720 DEG C, is prepared into cylindrical ingot；Cylindrical ingot is existed
Two-step homogenization is carried out under 435 DEG C/20h+470 DEG C/36h, it is then air-cooled in air；Through peeling, cut saw after obtain cylindrical type
Extrusion billet；Blank is kept the temperature into 3h at 430 DEG C, blank is then squeezed into plate proximate matter on 1000 tons of extruders, is squeezed
Than being 27.4；Plate proximate matter is subjected to solution heat treatment by the way of continuous warming at a slow speed, at 470 DEG C keep the temperature 3h, then into
Row Water Quenching；Finally carry out T77 multistage aging processing, you can aluminium alloy finished product is made.
According to relevant performance test standard, the room-temperature mechanical property of aluminium alloy finished product obtained is tested, is tested
As a result it is：Tensile strength is 549MPa, yield strength 523MPa, hardness 175Hv.
Embodiment 9
Contain Zn=10.11%, Mg=2.41%, Ti=0.028%, Cu=0.19%, Zr=0.01%, Cr=to prepare
0.01%, Mn=0.01%, Si=0.23%, Fe=0.075%, surplus are Al and subsidiary impurity, wherein Zn, Mg weight ratio
For：For the aluminium alloy of Zn/Mg=4.20.
Dispensing is carried out according to constituent content first, raw material aluminium ingot, zinc, magnesium are then passed through into oil removing, degasification and surface oxidation
Object is added to after being mingled in crucible；Crucible is warming up to 760 DEG C, after the raw material in crucible all fusing, sampling carries out chemistry
Constituent analysis is allowed to determination and reaches required composition range requirement, is adjusted correspondingly if having deviation, while refining is added
Agent is refined, and to eliminate the gas and sundries in melt, makes cleaning molten, and a period of time is stood after skimming, online that crystalline substance is added
Grain fining agent Al-Ti-B is poured into a mould, and pouring temperature is controlled at 710 DEG C, is prepared into cylindrical ingot；Cylindrical ingot is existed
Two-step homogenization is carried out under 435 DEG C/20h+472 DEG C/36h, it is then air-cooled in air；Through peeling, cut saw after obtain cylindrical type
Extrusion billet；Blank is kept the temperature into 1h at 440 DEG C, blank is then squeezed into plate proximate matter on 1000 tons of extruders, is squeezed
Than being 28.3；Plate proximate matter is subjected to solution heat treatment by the way of continuous warming at a slow speed, at 470 DEG C keep the temperature 2h, then into
Row Water Quenching；Finally carry out T77 multistage aging processing, you can aluminium alloy finished product is made.
According to relevant performance test standard, the room-temperature mechanical property of aluminium alloy finished product obtained is tested, is tested
As a result it is：Tensile strength is 565MPa, yield strength 534MPa, hardness 177Hv.
Embodiment 10
Contain Zn=11.00%, Mg=2.95%, Ti=0.039%, Cu=0.01%, Zr=0.01%, Cr=to prepare
0.01%, Mn=0.01%, Si=0.28%, Fe=0.08%, surplus are Al and subsidiary impurity, wherein Zn, Mg weight ratio
For：For the aluminium alloy of Zn/Mg=3.74.
Dispensing is carried out according to constituent content first, raw material aluminium ingot, zinc, magnesium are then passed through into oil removing, degasification and surface oxidation
Object is added to after being mingled in crucible；Crucible is warming up to 760 DEG C, after the raw material in crucible all fusing, sampling carries out chemistry
Constituent analysis is allowed to determination and reaches required composition range requirement, is adjusted correspondingly if having deviation, while refining is added
Agent is refined, and to eliminate the gas and sundries in melt, makes cleaning molten, and a period of time is stood after skimming, online that crystalline substance is added
Grain fining agent Al-Ti-B is poured into a mould, and pouring temperature is controlled at 720 DEG C, is prepared into cylindrical ingot；Cylindrical ingot is existed
Two-step homogenization is carried out under 440 DEG C /+475 DEG C for 24 hours/36h, it is then air-cooled in air；Through peeling, cut saw after obtain cylindrical type
Extrusion billet；Blank is preheated into 2h at 420 DEG C, blank is then squeezed into plate proximate matter on 1000 tons of extruders, is squeezed
Than being 28.4；Plate proximate matter is subjected to solution heat treatment by the way of continuous warming at a slow speed, at 480 DEG C keep the temperature 1h, then into
Row Water Quenching；Finally carry out T6 single-stage aging processing, you can aluminium alloy finished product is made.
According to relevant performance test standard, the room-temperature mechanical property of aluminium alloy finished product obtained is tested, is tested
As a result it is：Tensile strength is 584MPa, yield strength 552MPa, hardness 181Hv.
In conclusion aluminium alloy provided by the invention has higher tensile strength, yield force and hardness, general characteristic
For：Tensile strength ＞ 420Mpa, hardness ＞ 140HV.
Please refer to Fig.1 again and Fig. 2, wherein Fig. 1 be commercial 7050 aluminium alloys metallographic structure shape appearance figure, Fig. 2 is the present invention
The metallographic structure shape appearance figure of the aluminium alloy of offer.It will be seen from figure 1 that Zr elements form ribbon in commercial 7050 aluminium alloys
Shape tissue, and from figure 2 it can be seen that aluminium alloy provided by the invention forms after the strictly additive amount of control Zr elements
Shaft-like recrystal grain tissue, and uniform small grains.Therefore, aluminium alloy provided by the invention has high intensity aluminium conjunction simultaneously
Gold can obtain good appearance by anodized.
Example the above is only the implementation of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, every to utilize this hair
Equivalent structure or equivalent flow shift made by bright specification and accompanying drawing content is applied directly or indirectly in other relevant skills
Art field, is included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of aluminium alloy, which is characterized in that the component and weight percent of the aluminium alloy be：Zn=4.0~11.0%, Mg=
2.0~3.0%, Si=0~0.3%, Ti=0~0.04%, Cu=0~0.2%, Zr=0~0.01%, Cr=0~
0.01%, Mn=0~0.01%, Fe<0.1%, surplus is Al and subsidiary impurity, and wherein Zn, Mg weight ratio is：Zn/Mg=
3.46~6, the tensile strength of the aluminium alloy is more than 538Mpa.
2. aluminium alloy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the component and weight percent of the aluminium alloy be：Zn=
5.5~8.6%, Mg=2.0~2.6%, Si=0~0.2%, Ti=0~0.03%, Cu=0~0.15%, Zr=0~
0.01%, Cr=0~0.01%, Mn=0~0.01%, Fe<0.08%, surplus is Al and subsidiary impurity.
3. aluminium alloy according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that in the impurity, single impurity content is no more than
0.01%.
4. aluminium alloy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the hardness of the aluminium alloy is more than 140HV.
5. a kind of preparation method for any aluminium alloy in claim 1~2, which is characterized in that including：
Raw material is weighed, dispensing is carried out according to the weight percent of each component；
By the raw material at 740~760 DEG C after melting, is poured into a mould and cast at 710~730 DEG C using semi-continuous casting method
Ingot；
To the ingot casting carry out two-step homogenization processing, the first order homogenization temperature be 420 DEG C~440 DEG C, the time be 12~
24h；It is 24~36h that the temperature of second level homogenization, which is 460 DEG C~475 DEG C homogenization times,；
Blank is obtained to passing through the ingot casting progress peeling of Homogenization Treatments, cutting saw, thermal deformation working process then is carried out to blank
Obtain alloy product；
The alloy product is subjected to solution treatment, is then quickly quenching into room temperature；Solid solubility temperature is 460~480 DEG C, and the time is
1~4h；
Aging strengthening model is carried out to the product after solution treatment, to obtain above-mentioned alloy product.
6. the preparation method of aluminium alloy according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the raw material include purity >=
99.99% aluminium ingot, the zinc of purity >=99.99%, the magnesium of purity >=99.99% and grain refiner Al-Ti-B.
7. the preparation method of aluminium alloy according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the aging thermal treating process is that T6 is mono-
Any one in grade timeliness, T73 two-stage time effects and T77 multistage agings.
8. the preparation method of aluminium alloy according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the thermal deformation working process is using crowded
Pressure technique, it is 410~440 DEG C to squeeze temperature, when heat preservation a length of 2~4h.
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