CN105668805B - Utilize the method for cadmium in biomass-microorganism collaboration removal waste water - Google Patents
Utilize the method for cadmium in biomass-microorganism collaboration removal waste water Download PDFInfo
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- CN105668805B CN105668805B CN201610053485.XA CN201610053485A CN105668805B CN 105668805 B CN105668805 B CN 105668805B CN 201610053485 A CN201610053485 A CN 201610053485A CN 105668805 B CN105668805 B CN 105668805B
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- cadmium
- rice straw
- spore suspension
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- biomass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/347—Use of yeasts or fungi
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods using cadmium in biomass-microorganism collaboration removal waste water, comprising the following steps: step 1: biomass (rice straw) pretreatment: by rice straw washing, drying, crushes, sieving for standby；It prepares white-rot fungi spore suspension: choosing Phanerochaete chrysosporium and prepare spore suspension, every milliliter of Phanerochaete chrysosporium spore suspension contains spore 2.0 × 106It is a；It prepares cadmium wastewater: choosing the pure CdSO of chemistry4Cadmium wastewater is prepared, adjusts pH value with NaOH solution or HCl solution；Step 2: cadmium ion removal: rice straw, white-rot fungi spore suspension and cadmium wastewater are mixed, and adjust 25~35 DEG C of temperature, are carried out oscillation absorption 1~14 day, be can reach 80% or more to the removal efficiency of 50~200mg/L of cadmium initial concentration.The present invention has treatment effeciency height, high treating effect, low in cost, environmentally friendly without secondary pollution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental areas, and in particular to a kind of using biomass (rice straw)-microorganism, (yellow archespore hair is flat
Lead fungi) cooperate with the method for removing cadmium in waste water.
Background technique
In recent years, due to industrial expansions such as plating, process hides, dyestuff, anti-corrosion, papermaking, the use of heavy metal is more and more wider
General, incident is that largely the sewage discharge containing heavy metal pollutes water body into environment, makes the ecosystem by broken
It is bad, thus the improvement of heavy metal pollution has got more and more people's extensive concerning.Wherein cadmium is one of heavy metal " five poisonous creatures: scorpion, viper, centipede, house lizard, toad ", and cadmium can be in people
Accumulation, causes the various diseases such as renal failure, osteomalacia in the kidney and bone of body." the ostalgia in Japan folic hill occurs
Cadmium wastewater is discharged into water body by the exactly local aluminium manufacturer of disease " event, and resident is eaten for a long time rice containing cadmium, drinks water containing cadmium, internal cadmium
Accumulation is excessive, and renal dysfunction, the calcium in sclerotin is caused to be replaced by cadmium, make skeleton softening, fracture and caused by.There are also cause for cadmium
Cancer, teratogenesis shape, mutagenic toxic action.
Traditional heavy metal wastewater thereby method for governing pollution mostly uses physico-chemical process, such as chemical reduction method, chemical precipitation
Method, ion-exchange, electrolysis method, extraction, active carbon adsorption, membrane separation process etc., although these methods are to removing removing heavy metals
Pollution has certain effect, but that there is investments to some extent is big, energy consumption height, operating difficulties, is also easy to produce the defects of secondary pollution.
In China, agricultural crop straw raw material is very rich, and annual up to 1,000,000,000 tons, wherein rice straw accounts for 20% or so.
But most of rice straw is used as fuel or is directly burnt up in field, not only soil fertility is made to decay, destroys life
State balance, and also result in atmosphere pollution.Use rice straw as fuel since its heat utilization rate is lower simultaneously, to resource
It is also greatly waste.
In addition, in terms of handling heavy metal polluted waste water, microbial technique have breeding quickly, reaction condition is mild, place
The advantages such as reason ability is strong, the extensive concern by scientists.White-rot fungi is that one kind can handle organic-inorganic pollution simultaneously
The microorganism of waste water.By substances such as protein, enzyme, ions outside secretory cell film, white-rot fungi can not only contaminate in degrading waste water
The organic pollutants such as material, hormone, pesticide, moreover it is possible to handle the various heavies such as Cd, Pb, Hg, Zn in waste water, therefore have extensively
Application prospect.
Currently, lot of domestic and international researcher is using only the huge sum of money in modified straw stalk or microorganism removal waste water
Belong to cadmium, wherein rice straw modifying process is complex, and cost is also higher, and deposits using only microbiological treatment heavy metal wastewater thereby
The problems such as microbial reproduction ability is low, removal efficiency of heavy metals is lower.Therefore, how rice straw and microorganism to be made full use of
Heavy metal cadmium in collaboration removal waste water, at the problem of this field.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, providing a kind of can be improved in waste water
Cadmium ion removal efficiency, realize rice straw resource utilization, and it is low in cost, easy to operate, operating cost is low, treatment effect
The good method using cadmium in biomass-microorganism collaboration removal waste water.
To solve above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
A method of utilizing cadmium in biomass-microorganism collaboration removal waste water, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: biomass pretreatment: biomass chooses rice straw, and rice straw is washed, is dry, is crushed, mistake
It sieves spare；It prepares white-rot fungi spore suspension: choosing Phanerochaete chrysosporium and prepare spore suspension；Prepare cadmium wastewater:
Choose the pure CdSO of chemistry4Cadmium wastewater is prepared, adjusts pH value with NaOH solution or HCl solution；
Step 2: cadmium ion removal: rice straw, white-rot fungi spore suspension and cadmium wastewater are mixed, and adjust temperature
Degree carries out oscillation absorption.
Preferably, the mass volume ratio of the rice straw and cadmium wastewater is 5g~10g:1L；The white-rot fungi spore
The volume ratio of sub- suspension and cadmium wastewater is 0.005~0.01:1.
Preferably, oscillation adsorption temp is 25~35 DEG C；Shaking speed when oscillation absorption is 150r/min~200r/
min；Vibrating adsorption time is 1~14 day.
Preferably, Cd in the cadmium wastewater2+Initial concentration be not higher than 200mg/L；The pH value of the cadmium wastewater
It is 4~6.
Preferably, rice straw is washed with deionized 3~5 times, and drying is done at 60~80 DEG C, pulverizes and sieves, is used for
The screen size of straw powder sieving is 10~18 mesh.
Preferably, the white-rot fungi spore suspension is the spore suspension of Phanerochaete chrysosporium, every milliliter of yellow spore
The flat lead fungi spore suspension of raw wool contains spore 2.0 × 106It is a.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:
Heavy metal ion is adsorbed using rice straw, is not only a kind of effective way of comprehensive utilization stalk resource, is improved
The utility value of stalk, also effectively reduces environmental pollution from source.
The present invention is by rice straw and white-rot fungi while being used to handle cadmium wastewater, makees in rice straw to the absorption of cadmium
Suction-operated and secondary generation with, white-rot fungi to rice straw catabolite to the suction-operated, white-rot fungi of cadmium to cadmium
It thanks to product oxalic acid under the collaboration of the chelation of cadmium, effectively increases the removal efficiency of cadmium in waste water, while realizing straw
The resource utilization of stalk, and the method environmental protection is without secondary pollution, treatment process is simple and convenient to operate, investment cost and operation
The advantages such as expense is low, are of very high actual application value.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention without any creative labor, may be used also for those of ordinary skill in the art
To obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the mechanism figure of cadmium in biomass-microorganism collaboration removal waste water.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In following embodiment, white-rot fungi spore suspension refers to Phanerochaete chrysosporium (Phanerochaete
Chrysosporium, CCTCC AF96007) spore suspension, remaining material and instrument are commercially available.
Wherein Phanerochaete chrysosporium spore suspension is prepared according to following preparation method:
The Phanerochaete chrysosporium bought (CCTCC, AF96007) is scraped from the slant medium of preservation, and is inoculated with
It to potato dextrose culture-medium, is placed in 37 DEG C of biochemical cultivation case and is cultivated, the preferable strain of growing state is selected after 6 days
It is placed in 4 DEG C of refrigerator and carries out preservation；It is sterilizing in platform, is being glued from culture medium with aseptic cotton carrier and the spore of object bacteria is taken to dissolve in
In sterile water, by stirring and vibration keeps spore evenly dispersed,
Form spore suspension.The turbidity for measuring solution is yellow spore used in the present embodiment when turbidity is 60% or so
The spore suspension of the flat lead fungi of raw wool, having the order of magnitude in every milliliter of spore suspension is 2 × 106A spore.Potato glucose
Culture medium composition are as follows: potato 40g, glucose 4g, water 200mL.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of the invention using cadmium in biomass-microorganism collaboration removal waste water, comprising the following steps:
It after rice straw is washed with deionized 5 times, is dried in 60 DEG C, the sieve in 10 mesh apertures is crossed after being crushed；Prepare 5
Part each 1L of 200mg/L cadmium wastewater, adjusting pH value with NaOH solution or HCl solution is 2,3,4,5,6；By 5g rice straw and
5mL Phanerochaete chrysosporium spore suspension is mixed with above-mentioned 1L cadmium wastewater, is 35 DEG C in temperature, revolving speed is 150rpm condition
Under carry out oscillation absorption, after reacting 12 days, complete removal to cadmium wastewater.
Sample is stood into 30min, the centrifugation of 2mL supernatant, the filtering of 0.45 micron membrane filter is taken, measures and calculate Cd in waste water2+
Removal efficiency.Measurement result is shown in Table 1.
Table 1: Cd in waste water under different pH value2+Removal efficiency
| PH value | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Removal rate (%) | 5.36 | 36.50 | 81.65 | 83.88 | 80.04 |
Seen from table 1, when pH value rises to 5 from 2, rice straw-white-rot fungi is to Cd2+Removal rate has on apparent
It rises；PH is higher than after 5, Cd2+Removal rate declines again.So the pH range for being suitable in the present invention are as follows: 4~6, optimal pH 5.
Embodiment 1 illustrates that the pH value of system is very big to having using cadmium in rice straw and microorganism collaboration removal waste water
It influences.Under the conditions of lower pH, the adsorption function group (such as-COO on one side straw surface–) can be protonated, it is unfavorable for rice
Grass is to Cd2+Absorption；On the other hand low pH is unfavorable for the growth and metabolism of white-rot fungi, to influence white-rot fungi to Cd2+'s
Absorption and rice straw secondary metabolite oxalic acid are to Cd2+Chelation.Under the conditions of higher pH, in system can exist compared with
The H of high concentration+, these H+Meeting and Cd2+The adsorption site on rice straw surface is competed, and the growth of white-rot fungi can be hindered
Metabolism, influences it to Cd2+Removal.Therefore it is 5 that rice straw, which cooperates with the Optimal pH of cadmium in removal waste water with white-rot fungi,.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method of the invention using cadmium in biomass-microorganism collaboration removal waste water, comprising the following steps:
It after rice straw is washed with deionized 5 times, is dried in 80 DEG C, the sieve in 10 mesh apertures is crossed after being crushed；Prepare 5
Part each 1L of 200mg/L cadmium wastewater, adjusting pH value with NaOH solution or HCl solution is 5；By 5g rice straw and 5mL Huang archespore
The flat lead fungi spore suspension of hair is mixed with above-mentioned 1L cadmium wastewater, is 20,25,30,35,40 DEG C in temperature, revolving speed 200rpm
Under the conditions of carry out oscillation absorption, after reacting 12 days, complete removal to cadmium wastewater.
Sample is stood into 30min, the centrifugation of 2mL supernatant, the filtering of 0.45 micron membrane filter is taken, measures and calculate Cd in waste water2+
Removal efficiency.Measurement result is shown in Table 2.
Table 2: Cd in waste water at a temperature of different disposal2+Removal efficiency
| Temperature (DEG C) | 20.0 | 25.0 | 30.0 | 35.0 | 40.0 |
| Removal rate (%) | 60.25 | 80.56 | 85.78 | 80.69 | 65.24 |
As shown in Table 2, temperature is to rice straw-white-rot fungi collaboration removal Cd2+Have a certain impact, the reason is that it is excessively high or
Too low temperature will limit the growth and breeding and various metabolic activities of white-rot fungi, can also inhibit white-rot fungi to rice straw
Degradation process, to reduce to Cd2+Removal effect.So the temperature range for being suitable in the present invention are as follows: 25~35 DEG C, best temperature
Degree is 30 DEG C.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method of the invention using cadmium in biomass-microorganism collaboration removal waste water, comprising the following steps:
It after rice straw is washed with deionized 4 times, is dried in 80 DEG C, the sieve in 18 mesh apertures is crossed after being crushed；Prepare 5
Part 50,100,150,200, each 1L of 250mg/L cadmium wastewater, adjusting pH value with NaOH solution or HCl solution is 5；By 10g straw
Stalk and 10mL Phanerochaete chrysosporium spore suspension are mixed with above-mentioned 1L cadmium wastewater, are 30 DEG C in temperature, revolving speed is
Oscillation absorption is carried out under the conditions of 200rpm, after reacting 14 days, completes the removal to cadmium wastewater.
Sample is stood into 30min, the centrifugation of 2mL supernatant, the filtering of 0.45 micron membrane filter is taken, measures and calculate Cd in waste water2+
Removal efficiency.Measurement result is shown in Table 3.
Table 3: different initial Cd2+Cd in waste water under concentration2+Removal efficiency
| Cd2+Concentration (mg/L) | 50 | 100 | 150 | 200 | 250 |
| Removal rate (%) | 99.50 | 99.62 | 99.31 | 87.44 | 59.22 |
As shown in Table 3, with Cd in waste water2+The increase of concentration, Cd in waste water2+Removal efficiency present first to increase and subtract afterwards
Trend.As Cd in waste water2+When concentration is 100mg/L, Cd in waste water2+Removal rate is up to 99.62%.And work as Cd2+Concentration is further
When increasing to 250mg/L, the removal rate of the method is lower than 60%.Therefore, the cadmium wastewater concentration range of the method suitable treatment
For 50~200mg/L.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method using cadmium in biomass-microorganism collaboration removal waste water, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: biomass pretreatment: biomass chooses rice straw, and rice straw washed, dries, crush, be sieved it is standby
With；It prepares white-rot fungi spore suspension: choosing Phanerochaete chrysosporium and prepare spore suspension；It prepares cadmium wastewater: choosing
The pure CdSO of chemistry4Cadmium wastewater is prepared, adjusts pH value with NaOH solution or HCl solution；
Step 2: cadmium ion removal: rice straw, white-rot fungi spore suspension and cadmium wastewater are mixed, and are adjusted temperature and are
25~35 DEG C carry out oscillation absorption；
The volume ratio of the white-rot fungi spore suspension and cadmium wastewater is 0.005~0.01:1；
The white-rot fungi spore suspension is the spore suspension of Phanerochaete chrysosporium, every milliliter of Phanerochaete chrysosporium spore
Sub- suspension contains spore 2.0 × 106It is a；
Cd in the cadmium wastewater2+Initial concentration be 50-150mg/L, the pH value of the cadmium wastewater is 5.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: the mass volume ratio of the rice straw and cadmium wastewater is
5g~10g:1L.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: oscillation absorption when shaking speed be 150r/min~
200r/min；Vibrating adsorption time is 1~14 day.
4. method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that: rice straw is washed with deionized 3~5 times,
Drying is done at 60~80 DEG C, is pulverized and sieved, and the screen size for straw powder sieving is 10~18 mesh.
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107164296B (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2020-09-11 | 湖南农业大学 | Method for improving activity of phanerochaete chrysosporium under heavy metal cadmium stress |
| CN107983313A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-05-04 | 湖南大学 | A kind of method that Cadmium In The Water Body ion adsorbent is prepared based on dilute sulfuric acid and DDBAC combined pretreatment wheat stalks |
| CN112317530B (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2022-04-26 | 海南大学 | Effective method for remedying rice polluted by heavy metal cadmium through fungus organisms |
| CN115838717B (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2024-03-19 | 湖南工商大学 | White rot fungi-biochar composite fungus ball and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN101372688A (en) * | 2008-10-20 | 2009-02-25 | 浙江大学 | Preparation and use method of microbial immobilized material for remedying polluted soil |
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| JP2014237104A (en) * | 2013-06-10 | 2014-12-18 | 中国電力株式会社 | Water purifier |
| CN105056898A (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2015-11-18 | 湖南大学 | Modified rice straw stalk and preparation method and application thereof |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101372688A (en) * | 2008-10-20 | 2009-02-25 | 浙江大学 | Preparation and use method of microbial immobilized material for remedying polluted soil |
| CN101549936A (en) * | 2009-05-04 | 2009-10-07 | 清华大学 | A method using white-rot fungus and carrier to process persistent wastewater |
| JP2014237104A (en) * | 2013-06-10 | 2014-12-18 | 中国電力株式会社 | Water purifier |
| CN105056898A (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2015-11-18 | 湖南大学 | Modified rice straw stalk and preparation method and application thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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