CN105667241A - 一种汽车智能应急减振*** - Google Patents
一种汽车智能应急减振*** Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G17/00—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
- B60G17/015—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements
- B60G17/016—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by their responsiveness, when the vehicle is travelling, to specific motion, a specific condition, or driver input
- B60G17/0165—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by their responsiveness, when the vehicle is travelling, to specific motion, a specific condition, or driver input to an external condition, e.g. rough road surface, side wind
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G17/00—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
- B60G17/015—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements
- B60G17/018—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by the use of a specific signal treatment or control method
- B60G17/0182—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by the use of a specific signal treatment or control method involving parameter estimation, e.g. observer, Kalman filter
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G17/00—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
- B60G17/015—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements
- B60G17/019—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by the type of sensor or the arrangement thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G17/00—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
- B60G17/06—Characteristics of dampers, e.g. mechanical dampers
- B60G17/08—Characteristics of fluid dampers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2401/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of sensors based on the principle of their operation
- B60G2401/14—Photo or light sensitive means, e.g. Infrared
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2500/00—Indexing codes relating to the regulated action or device
- B60G2500/10—Damping action or damper
- B60G2500/11—Damping valves
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
- Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
Abstract
本发明属汽车部件制造领域,公开了一种汽车智能应急减振***。该减振***由光学测量及照相***、电气控制***、机械及液压减振***组成,光学测量及照相***安装在汽车车体内前轮前方,采集汽车飞跃高度信息,通过电气控制***的单片机开启自动调节***,对进行图像识别建立输入信号模型,采用三等分插值算法计算响应时刻,通过放大响应时刻反求当量阻尼,然后发出数字化的阻尼调节指令,通过当量阻尼进一步计算节流阀的具体调节量,最后,将流阀的具体调节量传输给机械及液压减振***,通过调节节流阀的流量调节液压减振器的阻尼。该减振***集机械、电子、液压、光学于一体,通过单片机实现了适时智能控制液压减振器的阻尼,尤其适应汽车在复杂的特征地貌行驶。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种汽车智能应急减振***及控制方法,可应用在汽车突然受冲击过程中的应急减振,属于汽车部件制造领域。
背景技术
近年来随着汽车进入家庭的普及,交通事故随之日益增多,冲断高速公路横栏掉落山坡、高架桥中坠落等事故时有发生,为保证出行安全,人们对于汽车的安全性能提出了更高的要求,除了汽车发生碰撞时的安全气囊保护以外,还希望在发生突然事故中有另外一种措施能起到重要的保护作用。而在汽车上安装缓冲减振装置就能解决这一问题。当突发坠落时减振装置起到很好的缓冲,能有效地提高汽车的安全性。此外,在很多惊险的体育运动中,如:汽车越野驾驶中,由于道路崎岖,有时候会有较大高度的飞跃,在这种情况下,应急适时调节减振***是必须的,有了这种***可完成一些高难度动作。目前,随着汽车工业的迅猛发展,对于汽车的高性能、高可靠性要求越来越高,因而,对于能适时调节减振***的需求不断上升,汽车智能应急减振***将具有广阔的市场应用前景。
发明内容
基于目前现有技术状况,本发明的目的在于提供一种汽车智能应急减振***,增加一份保险***,保证驾驶人出行安全。
为实现本发明目的,本发明将光学测量及照相***与电气控制***相结合,采用计算机程序控制汽车机械及液压减振***,具体技术解决方案如下:
所述汽车智能应急减振***由光学测量及照相***、电气控制***、机械及液压减振***三部分组成,光学测量及照相***连接电气控制***,电气控制***连接机械及液压减振***,电气控制***包括自动调节***、图像识别***,机械及液压减振***包括调节节流阀、液压减振器,其特征在于,将光学测量及照相***安装在汽车车体内前轮前方,采集汽车飞跃高度信息,通过电气控制***的单片机开启自动调节***,对进行图像识别建立输入信号模型,采用三等分插值算法计算响应时刻,通过放大响应时刻反求当量阻尼,然后发出数字化的阻尼调节指令,通过当量阻尼进一步计算节流阀的具体调节量,最后,将流阀的具体调节量传输给机械及液压减振***,通过调节节流阀的流量调节液压减振器的阻尼,从而起到减振、缓冲的作用。
优选方案:所述机械及液压减振***位于车体内部,四车轮之间。
响应时刻算法步骤如下:
(1)用进退法确定初始单峰区间[a,b]。
(2)根据迭代精度ε确定所需计算的迭代次数K。
(3)将区间三等分,在等分点处***两个点x1,x2。
(4)计算在x1,x2处的函数值f1,f2。
(5)根据函数值的比较缩短搜索区间。
1)若f1≤f2,舍弃[x2,b],得新区间[a,x2],并作如下置换
b←x2
2)若f1>f2,舍弃[a,x1],得新区间[x1,b],并作如下置换
a←x1
(6)进行收敛判断。
1)若|b(k)-a(k)|≤ε,输出最优解
2)若|b(k)-a(k)|>ε,继续迭代,即:重复(3)——(5)。
具体编程流程图如图3所示。
本发明优点在于:该减振***融机械、电子、液压、光学于一体,通过单片机实现了适时智能控制液压减振器的阻尼,从而起到适时减振的作用,增加一份保险***,提高了汽车安全、可靠性,很好地保证驾驶人出行安全。在计算响应时刻算法中,三等分插值算法简单、编程方便、计算精度高,在牺牲一定计算精度下,可解决复杂的一维振动问题,该减振***尤其适应汽车在复杂的地貌特征行驶。
附图说明
图1为本发明应急减振总***工作情景示意图;1—光学测量及照相***,2—电气控制***,3—机械及液压减振***。
图2为本发明应急减振总***工作原理示意图。
图3为本发明应急减振总***计算机流程图。
具体实施方式
为对本发明进行更好地说明,举实施例如下:
实施例1
所述汽车智能应急减振***由光学测量及照相***1、电气控制***2、机械及液压减振***3三部分组成,光学测量及照相***1连接电气控制***2,电气控制***2连接机械及液压减振***3,,机械及液压减振***3位于车体内部,四车轮之间,其特征在于,将光学测量及照相***1安装在汽车车体内前轮前方,采集汽车飞跃高度信息,通过电气控制***的单片机开启自动调节***,对进行图像识别建立输入信号模型,采用三等分插值算法计算响应时刻,通过放大响应时刻反求当量阻尼,然后发出数字化的阻尼调节指令,通过当量阻尼进一步计算节流阀的具体调节量,最后,将流阀的具体调节量传输给机械及液压减振***,通过调节节流阀的流量调节液压减振器的阻尼,从而起到减振、缓冲的作用。
所述光学测量及照相***采用光学测量仪与数码相机连接方式进行信息采集。
响应时刻算例如下:
针对某车受阶跃激励后整体振动响应模型,其函数的表达式如下:
y(t)=0.0005[1-e-1.5t(cos1.94t+0.77sin1.94t)]
收敛精度ε=0.08,求该车振动最大响应时刻。
解:将该模型转化为求以下函数极小值问题
f(t)=e-1.5t(cos1.94t+0.77sin1.94t)-1
首先应用进退法确定该函数的单峰区间,初始点t0=0,初始步长α0=0.1。计算过程如表1所示。
表1进退法确定该函数的单峰区间计算过程
t | 0 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 1.5 | 3.1 |
f(t) | 0 | -0.028 | -0.197 | -0.663 | -1.084 | -0.993 |
通过以上计算,该函数的单峰区间[a,b]=[0.7,3.1]。
根据:
所以,三等分优化算法需迭代9次。
根据:
所以,黄金分割优化算法需迭代8次。
根据高等数学对函数求一阶导数
f′(t)=0求得理论解析最优解为:t=1.6183
三等分插值算法迭代计算过程如表2所示。
表2三等分插值算法迭代计算过程
黄金分割算法迭代计算过程如表3所示。
表3黄金分割算法迭代计算过程
三等分插值算法和黄金分割插值算法计算结果对比如表4所示。
表4三等分插值算法和黄金分割算法计算结果对比
从表4中可见,虽然,三等分插值算法比黄金分割算法多迭代了1次,但在相同收敛精度的要求下,三等分插值算法计算精度显著提高了,与理论值的相对误差仅为0.02%。
Claims (2)
1.汽车智能应急减振***,由光学测量及照相***、电气控制***、机械及液压减振***三部分组成,光学测量及照相***连接电气控制***,电气控制***连接机械及液压减振***,电气控制***包括自动调节***、图像识别***,机械及液压减振***包括调节节流阀、液压减振器,其特征在于,将光学测量及照相***安装在汽车车体内前轮前方,采集汽车飞跃高度信息,通过电气控制***的单片机开启自动调节***,对进行图像识别建立输入信号模型,采用三等分插值算法计算响应时刻,通过放大响应时刻反求当量阻尼,然后发出数字化的阻尼调节指令,通过当量阻尼进一步计算节流阀的具体调节量,最后,将流阀的具体调节量传输给机械及液压减振***,通过调节节流阀的流量调节液压减振器的阻尼。
2.如权利要求1所述的汽车智能应急减振***,其特征在于,所述机械及液压减振***位于车体内部的四车轮之间。
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CN112687173A (zh) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-20 | 安徽机电职业技术学院 | 一种基于主被动安全协同优化的汽车碰撞演示平台 |
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CN1990290A (zh) * | 2005-12-26 | 2007-07-04 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 用于车辆的阻尼力控制设备 |
US7872764B2 (en) * | 2007-10-16 | 2011-01-18 | Magna Electronics Inc. | Machine vision for predictive suspension |
CN104097480A (zh) * | 2013-04-08 | 2014-10-15 | 福特全球技术公司 | 用于车辆的振动阻尼***的前摄控制的装置和方法 |
CN104742681A (zh) * | 2013-12-25 | 2015-07-01 | 鸿富锦精密工业(深圳)有限公司 | 汽车及其减震*** |
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Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN1990290A (zh) * | 2005-12-26 | 2007-07-04 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 用于车辆的阻尼力控制设备 |
US7872764B2 (en) * | 2007-10-16 | 2011-01-18 | Magna Electronics Inc. | Machine vision for predictive suspension |
CN104097480A (zh) * | 2013-04-08 | 2014-10-15 | 福特全球技术公司 | 用于车辆的振动阻尼***的前摄控制的装置和方法 |
CN104742681A (zh) * | 2013-12-25 | 2015-07-01 | 鸿富锦精密工业(深圳)有限公司 | 汽车及其减震*** |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN112687173A (zh) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-20 | 安徽机电职业技术学院 | 一种基于主被动安全协同优化的汽车碰撞演示平台 |
CN112687173B (zh) * | 2020-12-25 | 2022-06-21 | 安徽机电职业技术学院 | 一种基于主被动安全协同优化的汽车碰撞演示平台 |
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