CN105664938A - Basalt fiber automotive exhaust purifying material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Basalt fiber automotive exhaust purifying material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105664938A CN105664938A CN201511018540.3A CN201511018540A CN105664938A CN 105664938 A CN105664938 A CN 105664938A CN 201511018540 A CN201511018540 A CN 201511018540A CN 105664938 A CN105664938 A CN 105664938A
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- vehicle exhaust
- oxide
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- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 6
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- HBEQXAKJSGXAIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxopalladium Chemical compound [Pd]=O HBEQXAKJSGXAIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- MMKQUGHLEMYQSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);praseodymium(3+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Pr+3].[Pr+3] MMKQUGHLEMYQSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910003447 praseodymium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- FRWYFWZENXDZMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-iodoquinoline Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(I)=CC=C21 FRWYFWZENXDZMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium oxide Inorganic materials O=[Be] LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000421 cerium(III) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- MUMZUERVLWJKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoplatinum Chemical compound [Pt]=O MUMZUERVLWJKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SJLOMQIUPFZJAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxorhodium Chemical compound [Rh]=O SJLOMQIUPFZJAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910003446 platinum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910003450 rhodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 17
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 9
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 9
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 7
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical group [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000264877 Hippospongia communis Species 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011943 nanocatalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002783 friction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006253 high performance fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
- B01J23/63—Platinum group metals with rare earths or actinides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/60—Simultaneously removing sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8643—Removing mixtures of carbon monoxide or hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/8646—Simultaneous elimination of the components
- B01D53/865—Simultaneous elimination of the components characterised by a specific catalyst
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/002—Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite
-
- B01J35/647—
-
- B01J35/651—
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2523/00—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts
Abstract
The invention discloses a basalt fiber automotive exhaust purifying material and a preparation method thereof. The purifying material is composed a porous basalt fiber carrier, a porous oxide coating and a catalyst. The catalyst is supported in the pores in the porous basalt fiber carrier through mixing and grinding, supporting, coating and sintering processes. The purifying material is high-effective in automotive exhaust purification. The preparation method is low in production cost, is simple in process, employs easy-to-obtain raw materials and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to purifying vehicle exhaust Material Field, be specifically related to a kind of basalt fibre purifying vehicle exhaust material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Basalt fibre is a kind of emerging novel inorganic environment-friendly and green high performance fibre material, it is one of four big high-performance fibers of giving priority to of following China, the basalt building stones that it is made up of oxides such as silicon dioxide, aluminium oxide, calcium oxide, ferrum oxide and titanium dioxide, after high-temperature fusion, are prepared from by spinning technique. Basalt continuous fiber is good stability not only, but also there is electrical insulating property, anticorrosive, flame resistant, the multiple excellent properties such as high temperature resistant, and, the garbage that the production technology of basalt fibre produces is few, environmental pollution is little, can directly proceed in ecological environment after product abandonment, without any harm, thus be a kind of genuine green, environment-friendly materials. Basalt continuous fiber is widely used in many aspects such as fibre reinforced composites, friction material, shipbuilding materials, heat-barrier material, automobile industry, high temperature filtration fabric and protection fields.
Automobile, as one of most important vehicles of modern society, offers convenience to the live and work of people. But vehicle exhaust has also become the another source of atmospheric pollution except air pollution due to coal combustion. This is mainly due to containing products of incomplete combustion carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon and product one oxynitride of overfire in vehicle exhaust, and health and the vegeto-animal existence of human body are constituted huge harm by them. Purifying vehicle exhaust material is to reduce a kind of catalyst material that can effectively purify vehicle exhaust that the pollution of environment is invented by vehicle exhaust, its Main Function mechanism is that the most of harmful gas in tail gas is carried out catalytic oxidation, generate harmless or nontoxic gas, and the solid particle in tail gas can be filtered or adsorb, thus reducing the content of harmful substance in tail gas, reduce the vehicle exhaust pollution to environment and the harm to health.
China Patent Publication No. CN104174392A discloses an one step preparation method and the application of a kind of loaded platino multimetal reforming catalyst, Platinum Nanoparticles Quito metal catalyst particles is dispersed on carrier surface by the method, there is reaction condition gentleness, simple to operate, it is swift in response, the advantage easily amplifying synthesis, but owing to carrier porosity is relatively low, specific surface area is little, and catalyst granules is the load surface at carrier, load capacity is little, thus little with the contact surface of vehicle exhaust, catalytic reaction point position is few, reaction efficiency is low.
China Patent Publication No. CN101601999 discloses a kind of Catalysts and its preparation method for purifying vehicle exhaust, the method is with activated alumina and hydrogen-storing material for coating, double-coating is adopted to overlay on the catalyst that the mode on honeycomb ceramic carrier prepares, there is low temperature light-off performance good, the advantage that ageing-resistant performance is good, but alumina support porosity is relatively low, specific surface area is little, and the coating of bilayer is all only limitted to be carried on the surface of ceramic honey comb, load capacity is little, contact surface is narrow, and catalytic reaction point position is few, and reaction efficiency is low.
China Patent Publication No. CN103861615A discloses a kind of catalyst for purifying vehicle exhaust, this catalyst is with soft metal for carrier, by soaking its load in software metal surface, but soft metal carrier is without hole, specific surface area is little, and load capacity is little, thus it is narrow with the contact surface of catalyst to there is vehicle exhaust, catalytic reaction point position is few, the shortcoming that reaction efficiency is low.
Mostly cleaning catalyst for tail gases of automobiles all adopts the technique of surface-coated that catalyst is carried out load now, although technique is simple, but exists owing to load capacity is little, and specific surface area is little, and contact surface is narrow, the defect that catalytic efficiency that catalytic reaction point position is caused less is low.
Summary of the invention
This in order to solve defect and the deficiency that purifying vehicle exhaust material efficiency is low now, it is proposed that a kind of basalt fibre purifying vehicle exhaust material and preparation method thereof.
The present invention is to achieve these goals, it is provided that a kind of basalt fibre purifying vehicle exhaust material, and this scavenging material includes porous basalt fiber carrier, porous oxide coating and catalyst; Porous basalt fiber has that porosity is big, specific surface area is big, resistant to elevated temperatures feature, by the material being used for purifying vehicle exhaust that mixed grinding, load, Sintering Method step are prepared from, this composite can not only effectively filter the little granule micronic dust in tail gas, can also Hydrocarbon in efficiently catalyzing and oxidizing tail gas, carbon monoxide, nitric oxide, sulfur dioxide harmful gas, the pollution of air is reduced to minimum by vehicle exhaust; Wherein said porous oxide coating is coated in porous basalt fiber surface, and described catalyst is carried in porous basalt fiber holes.
The present invention is to achieve these goals, the preparation method also providing for a kind of basalt fibre purifying vehicle exhaust material, the method is to be carried on catalyst by pneumatic three-dimensional hybrid technology to prepare this basalt fibre purifying vehicle exhaust material in the hole of many empty basalt fibres, adopt the method more catalyst of energy load, and improve the contact area of tail gas and catalyst and extend contact time, harmful gas oxidation is more thorough, and then improves tail gas clean-up efficiency; It is low that this preparation method has production cost, and production technology is simple, and raw material is easy to get, the advantage being suitable for large-scale industrial production.
One basalt fibre purifying vehicle exhaust material of the present invention, is prepared from by following weight portion raw material material:
Porous basalt fiber 60-70 part,
Catalyst 20-40 part,
Colloidal sol is appropriate,
Wherein said porous basalt fibre diameter is 10 μm-500 μm, and length is 1mm-10mm, and porosity is 30%-80%, and hole diameter is 50-200nm; Described catalyst is by the catalyst of rare-earth oxide, transition metal oxide and alkaline earth oxide tri compound; Described collosol concentration is the one in the aluminum hydroxide sol of 1.0-3.0mol/L, silicon dioxide gel.
Above-mentioned a kind of basalt fibre purifying vehicle exhaust material, wherein said catalyst is nano-particle, and diameter is 10nm-50nm.
Above-mentioned a kind of basalt fibre purifying vehicle exhaust material, wherein said porous oxide coating layer thickness is 1-10 μm.
Above-mentioned a kind of basalt fibre purifying vehicle exhaust material, wherein said rare-earth oxide is one or more in lanthana, cerium sesquioxide, ceria, praseodymium oxide; Transition metal oxide is one or more in rhodium oxide, platinum oxide, Palladium monoxide; Described alkaline earth oxide is one or more in beryllium oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide.
Above-mentioned a kind of basalt fibre purifying vehicle exhaust material, wherein said catalyst is that the ratio according to amount of substance 1: 1: 3 weighs rare-earth oxide, transition metal oxide and alkaline earth oxide respectively, inserting and carry out mixed grinding 20-40min in planetary ball mill, discharging obtains.
One basalt fibre purifying vehicle exhaust material of the present invention, employ many empty basalt fibres, its specific surface area having is big, the advantage of excellent adsorption, add the load capacity of catalyst, increase the contact surface of tail gas and catalyst and extend the time of contact of tail gas and catalyst, improve the purification efficiency of tail gas, there is the use value of excellence and wide market prospect.
The preparation method of a kind of basalt fibre purifying vehicle exhaust material of the present invention, its concrete preparation process is as follows:
1) weighing total amount respectively according to the ratio of amount of substance 1: 1: 3 is the rare-earth oxide of 20-40 weight portion, transition metal oxide and alkaline earth oxide, inserts and carries out mixed grinding 20-40min in planetary ball mill, and discharging obtains catalyst;
2) by step 1) the porous basalt fiber of the catalyst that obtains and 60-70 weight portion uses pneumatic stereo mixing machines to carry out mixed load 1-2h, makes catalyst be resident entirely in the hole of basalt fibre to obtain being loaded with the porous basalt composite fibre of catalyst under the drive of air-flow;
3) by step 2) the porous basalt composite fibre colloidal sol that obtains being loaded with catalyst carries out surface-coated, and take out after the temperature lower calcination 1-2h of 250-350 DEG C after drying, obtain basalt purifying vehicle exhaust material.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned a kind of basalt fibre purifying vehicle exhaust material, in step 3), the thickness of surface-coated is 2-10 μm.
The preparation method of a kind of basalt fibre purifying vehicle exhaust material of the present invention, including mixed grinding, load, Sintering Method step, nano-catalyst particles and porous basalt fiber high-speed motion spreading out under the drive of gas, catalyst granules is when following gas traverse from the hole of basalt fibre, owing to hole inside diameter is likely less than nano-catalyst particles, catalyst granules is intercepted, and reside in hole, continuous motion along with gas, resident catalyst granules can get more and more, and then form the porous basalt composite fibre being loaded with catalyst, again through being loaded with the porous basalt fiber surface coating colloidal sol of catalyst, sintered formation porous oxide coating, in order to the catalyst granules in hole is protected, confine, thus obtaining basalt purifying vehicle exhaust material, this material adds reaction contact surface and response time, too increase the load capacity of catalyst simultaneously, thus greatly improving the purification efficiency to vehicle exhaust, it is low that the inventive method has production cost, production technology is simple, raw material is easy to get, the advantage being suitable for large-scale industrial production.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, the present invention uses porous basalt fiber as carrier material, and specific surface area is big, and resistance to elevated temperatures is good, improves the purification efficiency of purifying vehicle exhaust material.
2, catalyst is resided in the hole of basalt fibre by the present invention by pneumatic three-dimensional hybrid technology, adds reaction contact surface and response time, too increases the load capacity of catalyst simultaneously, improve the purification efficiency to vehicle exhaust.
3, production cost of the present invention is low, and production technology is simple, and raw material is easy to get, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
Basalt purifying vehicle exhaust material prepared by the present invention, after testing, performance is as follows:
| Exhaust gas component | Purification efficiency (%) |
| Nitric oxide | ≥98 |
| Carbon monoxide | ≥98 |
| Nitrogen dioxide | ≥97 |
| Hydrocarbon | ≥97 |
| Sulfur dioxide | ≥96 |
| Solid particle | ≥95 |
| Meansigma methods | ≥96.8 |
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is the process chart of basalt fibre purifying vehicle exhaust material of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with test example and detailed description of the invention, the present invention is described in further detail. But this should not being interpreted as, the scope of the above-mentioned theme of the present invention is only limitted to below example, and all technology realized based on present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
1) weighing total amount respectively according to the ratio of amount of substance 1: 1: 3 be 20 weight portions, particle diameter is the lanthana of 20nm, rhodium oxide and beryllium oxide, inserts and carries out mixed grinding 20min in planetary ball mill, and discharging obtains catalyst;
2) by step 1) catalyst that obtains and 60 weight portions, diameter are 10 μm, length is 1mm, porosity is 30%, hole diameter is 50nm porous basalt fiber uses pneumatic stereo mixing machines to carry out mixed load 1h, makes catalyst be resident entirely in the hole of basalt fibre to obtain being loaded with the porous basalt composite fibre of catalyst under the drive of air-flow;
3) by step 2) aluminum hydroxide sol that porous basalt composite fibre concentration is 1.0mol/L that obtains being loaded with catalyst carries out surface-coated, and take out after the temperature lower calcination 1h of 250 DEG C after drying, obtain basalt purifying vehicle exhaust material.
After testing, its performance is as follows for the scavenging material that the present embodiment prepares:
| Exhaust gas component | Purification efficiency (%) |
| Nitric oxide | 98.2 |
| Carbon monoxide | 98.5 |
| Nitrogen dioxide | 97.8 |
| Hydrocarbon | 97.9 |
| Sulfur dioxide | 96.0 |
| Solid particle | 97.9 |
| Meansigma methods | 97.7 |
Embodiment 2
1) weighing total amount respectively according to the ratio of amount of substance 1: 1: 3 be 40 weight portions, particle diameter is the cerium sesquioxide of 50nm, platinum oxide and magnesium oxide, inserts and carries out mixed grinding 40min in planetary ball mill, and discharging obtains catalyst;
2) by step 1) catalyst that obtains and 70 weight portions, diameter are 500 μm, length is 10mm, porosity is 80%, hole diameter is 200nm porous basalt fiber uses pneumatic stereo mixing machines to carry out mixed load 2h, makes catalyst be resident entirely in the hole of basalt fibre to obtain being loaded with the porous basalt composite fibre of catalyst under the drive of air-flow;
3) by step 2) silicon dioxide gel that porous basalt composite fibre concentration is 3.0mol/L that obtains being loaded with catalyst carries out surface-coated, and take out after the temperature lower calcination 2h of 350 DEG C after drying, obtain basalt purifying vehicle exhaust material.
After testing, its performance is as follows for the scavenging material that the present embodiment prepares:
| Exhaust gas component | Purification efficiency (%) |
| Nitric oxide | 99.0 |
| Carbon monoxide | 98.5 |
| Nitrogen dioxide | 98.5 |
| Hydrocarbon | 98.2 |
| Sulfur dioxide | 96.2 4 --> |
| Solid particle | 98.1 |
| Meansigma methods | 98.1 |
Embodiment 3
1) weighing total amount respectively according to the ratio of amount of substance 1: 1: 3 be 30 weight portion particle diameters is the praseodymium oxide of 40nm, Palladium monoxide and calcium oxide, inserts and carries out mixed grinding 30min in planetary ball mill, and discharging obtains catalyst;
2) by step 1) catalyst that obtains and 65 weight portions, diameter are 50 μm, length is 6mm, porosity is 60%, hole diameter is 120nm porous basalt fiber uses pneumatic stereo mixing machines to carry out mixed load 1h, obtains being loaded with the porous basalt composite fibre of catalyst;
3) by step 2) aluminum hydroxide sol that porous basalt composite fibre concentration is 1.5mol/L that obtains being loaded with catalyst carries out surface-coated, and take out after the temperature lower calcination 1h of 250 DEG C after drying, obtain basalt purifying vehicle exhaust material.
After testing, its performance is as follows for the scavenging material that the present embodiment prepares:
| Exhaust gas component | Purification efficiency (%) |
| Nitric oxide | 98.8 |
| Carbon monoxide | 98.5 |
| Nitrogen dioxide | 97.6 |
| Hydrocarbon | 97.5 |
| Sulfur dioxide | 97.3 |
| Solid particle | 97.9 |
| Meansigma methods | 97.9 |
Comparative example:
1) weighing total amount respectively according to the ratio of amount of substance 1: 1: 3 be 30 weight portion particle diameters is the praseodymium oxide of 40nm, Palladium monoxide and calcium oxide, inserts and carries out mixed grinding 30min in planetary ball mill, and discharging obtains catalyst;
2) by step 1) absorbent charcoal carrier of the catalyst that obtains and 65 weight portions uses pneumatic stereo mixing machines to carry out mixed load 1h;
3) by step 2) aluminum hydroxide sol that activated carbon concentration is 1.5mol/L that obtains being loaded with catalyst carries out surface-coated, and take out after the temperature lower calcination 1h of 250 DEG C after drying, obtain activated carbon purifying vehicle exhaust material.
After testing, its performance is as follows for the cleaning catalyst that this comparative example prepares:
| Exhaust gas component | Purification efficiency (%) |
| Nitric oxide | 85.6 |
| Carbon monoxide | 84.7 |
| Nitrogen dioxide | 89.5 |
| Hydrocarbon | 83.1 |
| Sulfur dioxide | 80.1 |
| Solid particle | 67.5 |
| Meansigma methods | 80.1 |
By above comparative example it can be seen that adopt porous basalt fiber can significantly improve the purification efficiency of vehicle exhaust as carrier.
Embodiment 4
1) weighing total amount respectively according to the ratio of amount of substance 1: 1: 3 be 30 weight portions, particle diameter is the ceria of 30nm, Palladium monoxide and calcium oxide, inserts and carries out mixed grinding 30min in planetary ball mill, and discharging obtains catalyst;
2) by step 1) catalyst that obtains and 60-70 weight portion, diameter are 200 μm, length is 5mm, porosity is 50%, hole diameter is 100nm porous basalt fiber uses pneumatic stereo mixing machines to carry out mixed load 2h, makes catalyst be resident entirely in the hole of basalt fibre to obtain being loaded with the porous basalt composite fibre of catalyst under the drive of air-flow;
3) by step 2) silicon dioxide gel that porous basalt composite fibre concentration is 2.0mol/L that obtains being loaded with catalyst carries out surface-coated, and take out after the temperature lower calcination 2h of 300 DEG C after drying, obtain basalt purifying vehicle exhaust material.
After testing, its performance is as follows for the scavenging material that the present embodiment prepares:
| Exhaust gas component | Purification efficiency (%) |
| Nitric oxide | 98.2 |
| Carbon monoxide | 98.5 |
| Nitrogen dioxide | 97.9 |
| Hydrocarbon | 98.2 |
| Sulfur dioxide | 96.8 |
| Solid particle | 97.5 |
| Meansigma methods | 97.9 |
Comparative example:
1) weighing total amount respectively according to the ratio of amount of substance 1: 1: 3 be 30 weight portions, particle diameter is the ceria of 30nm, Palladium monoxide and calcium oxide, inserts and carries out mixed grinding 30min in planetary ball mill, and discharging obtains catalyst;
2) by step 1) catalyst that obtains and 60-70 weight portion, diameter are 200 μm, length is 5mm, porosity is 50%, hole diameter is 100nm porous basalt fiber conventional mixer carries out mixed load 2h, and obtaining area load has the porous basalt composite fibre of catalyst;
3) by step 2) obtain area load and have the silicon dioxide gel that porous basalt composite fibre concentration is 2.0mol/L of catalyst to carry out surface-coated, take out after the temperature lower calcination 2h of 300 DEG C after drying, obtain basalt purifying vehicle exhaust material.
After testing, its performance is as follows for the scavenging material that this comparative example prepares:
| Exhaust gas component | Purification efficiency (%) |
| Nitric oxide | 78.2 |
| Carbon monoxide | 78.5 |
| Nitrogen dioxide | 77.9 |
| Hydrocarbon | 78.2 |
| Sulfur dioxide | 76.8 |
| Solid particle | 97.5 |
| Meansigma methods | 81.2 |
Be can be seen that by above comparative example, adopt pneumatic stereo mixing machines that porous basalt fiber is carried out load, make catalyst be resident entirely in the hole of basalt fibre under the drive of air-flow and obtain basalt fibre tail gas clean-up materials purification efficiency be significantly improved.
Claims (10)
1. a basalt fibre purifying vehicle exhaust material, it is characterized in that being made up of porous basalt fiber carrier, porous oxide coating and catalyst, wherein catalyst is carried in porous basalt fiber hole, and porous oxide coating is coated on porous basalt fiber surface.
2. the basalt fibre purifying vehicle exhaust material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described porous basalt fibre diameter is 10-500 μm, and length is 1mm-10mm.
3. the basalt fibre purifying vehicle exhaust material according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described porous basalt fiber porosity is 30%-80%, and hole diameter is 50-200nm.
4. the basalt fibre purifying vehicle exhaust material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described porous oxide coating is to be prepared from by a kind of in aluminum hydroxide sol, silicon dioxide gel.
5. the basalt fibre purifying vehicle exhaust material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the thickness of described porous oxide coating is 1-10 μm.
6. the basalt fibre purifying vehicle exhaust material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that catalyst is that the ratio according to amount of substance 1: 1: 3 weighs rare-earth oxide, transition metal oxide and alkaline earth oxide respectively, insert and planetary ball mill carries out what mixed grinding obtained.
7. the basalt fibre purifying vehicle exhaust material according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described catalyst is nano-particle, and diameter is 10nm-50nm.
8. the basalt fibre purifying vehicle exhaust material according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described rare-earth oxide is one or more in lanthana, cerium sesquioxide, ceria, praseodymium oxide; Transition metal oxide is one or more in rhodium oxide, platinum oxide, Palladium monoxide; Described alkaline earth oxide is one or more in beryllium oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide.
9. the basalt fibre purifying vehicle exhaust material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that porous basalt fiber and catalyst weight part ratio are 6-7: 2-4.
10. basalt fibre purifying vehicle exhaust material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that preparation method, preparation process is as follows:
1) use pneumatic stereo mixing machines to carry out mixed load catalyst and porous basalt fiber, make catalyst be resident entirely in the hole of basalt fibre to obtain being loaded with the porous basalt composite fibre of catalyst under the drive of air-flow;
2) one being loaded with in the porous basalt composite fibre aluminum hydroxide sol of catalyst, silicon dioxide gel is carried out surface-coated, calcine after drying, obtain basalt purifying vehicle exhaust material.
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