CN105659789B - Sighting telescope for light arms - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of sighting telescope for light arms. This gun sight integrates functions as one, not only be integrated with to look daytime with night vision and aim at passage, achieve the conventional sight of direct-view round the clock and take aim at function, but also can integrated picture pick-up device and miniscope, realize Display Aim Taking on TV Set function, television image both directly can be observed by eyepiece, and external connection monitors indirect observation also can be passed through. In addition, the present invention can also integrated laser ranging component, wireless transmission assembly, laser irradiation device, radio frequency reception assembly, thus realize fire control, data and video image wireless transmission, be the functions such as night vision aiming passage indicating target, enemy and we's identification. Major advantage of the present invention is, function is more complete and combining form is various, and volume and weight is relatively little, both can be used as rifle class gun sight and has used, and the fire control system that also can be used as small caliber piece uses.<pb pnum="1" />

Description

Sighting telescope for light arms

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of formula of looking in the distance gun sight that is applicable to small arms, relating in particular to one can make round the clockSighting telescope for light arms.

Technical background

Small arms generally comprise rifle and small-sized grenade launcher. Sighting telescope for light arms starts from the breach standard on rifleStar, experience technical development for many years, its function and performance all there occurs great changes. Typical rifle is with taking aim at toolAdopt direct-view light path, namely object lens, graduation, eyepiece and human eye are all on an axis, by object lens, target are becomeLook like on graticle, then be imaged onto user's eyes through eyepiece. Along with scientific and technical progress, small armsGun sight is also developed into integrated functions as one by single aiming function, by aiming at and develop between daytimeCan aim at round the clock. Chinese patent ZL00130800 discloses a kind of miniature fire control method for traditional rifleAnd system, this system achieve-stable inertia of measurement coming from MEMS angular-rate sensor and accelerometerSight line and gun barrel; By combination from the information of airborne laser range finder, MEMS inertial sensor assembly and according toThe ballistic characteristics of bullet is calculated the advance angle of opening fire, to target can be met. US Patent No. P6608298Disclose one optical sight round the clock, daytime is aimed at passage depending on aiming passage and night vision and is encapsulated in one, sharesSame object lens and eyepiece, night vision aims at passage and adopts image intensifier, is substituted looked light path daytime by spectroscope;Because camera lens or device need not be changed, so that gun sight has is dust-proof, the spy that camera lens can not be damaged because changing the outfit;In addition, adopt single light path, be also beneficial to and alleviate gun sight weight. US Patent No. P5973315 discloses oneKind is multi-functional observes round the clock, finds range and sighting device, and this device adopts active optics Target Acquisition method, withIn time, also adopts in single object lens and eyepiece and light path and has cross-graduation, object lens can light splitting become visible ray light path andBlack light light path, the former realizes daytime and takes aim at depending on sight, and latter and image intensifier are jointly realized night vision sight and taken aim at; LogicalCross all right emission pulse laser of object lens, image intensifier is also used for detecting this Shu Jiguang and impinges upon the position on object,And provide the ranging parameters of laser, sighting device also containing a light emitting display device, is shown range finding by eyepieceValue. Although above-mentioned small arms sighting device all be integrated with one or more function, to comprehensive workThe Small-Arms Weapons System of war, its function is also slightly inadequate.

Summary of the invention

The main technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide that a kind of collection is observed round the clock, aimed at, night target refer toShow, laser ranging, wireless transmission, enemy and we identify that multiple function is in the sighting telescope for light arms of one.

Another technical problem that the present invention will solve is that provided multifunctional light illuminating weapon sight can be electricityDepending on directly taking aim at form, also can be that optics is directly taken aim at or TV is directly taken aim at TV and indirectly seen the form combining of taking aim at.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention includes to contain and look object lens, the first Amici prism, eyepiece daytimeLook aiming passage daytime, the night vision that contains night-vision objective, image intensifier, the first optical relay aims at passage, containsThere is the laser ranging unit of laser transmitter and laser detector, picture pick-up device, display, single-chip microcomputer, electricitySource converter, transmitting set; Described picture pick-up device, display is placed in look and aims at light path daytime; Through daytimeEnter daytime depending on object lens and be divided into two-way depending on aiming at the light beam of passage through the first Amici prism, through the laser beam of its reflectionEnter described laser detector, and the visible light beam of its transmission by described picture pick-up device imaging over the displaySee for user take aim at by eyepiece; The light beam that described night vision aims at passage is coupled to is looked by the first optical relay daytimeAim at passage, and seen take aim at by eyepiece for user by picture pick-up device imaging over the display; Described Laser MeasuringLaser instrument apart from unit adopts the semiconductor laser device between 0.80 μm ~ 0.98 mum wavelength, and it is enteredRow high frequency modulated, can realize target illumination and IFF challenge at night; Described supply convertor basisThe control signal of single-chip microcomputer is respectively laser beam irradiation unit, laser ranging unit, picture pick-up device, display and carriesPower supply source; The data letter that the vision signal of picture pick-up device output and single-chip microcomputer export by described transmitting setNumber carry out compound and externally launched by its antenna; The output letter of described single-chip microcomputer to laser detector, displayNumber process, draw range finding distance, aim at graduation position, and the demonstration of control data and transmission.

The present invention also comprises graticle, the second Amici prism, the second optical relay, shows lens; DescribedGraticle is positioned at looks aiming passage daytime; Described demonstration lens are positioned at the front of described display and believe showingBreath imaging; Described the second Amici prism prism be a block prism and be positioned at the first optical relay and eyepiece itBetween light path in, the tow sides of its 45 ° of light splitting surfaces are all coated with energy spectro-film, the front of described light splitting surfaceAn imaging beam part from visible ray object lens or night-vision objective is reflexed to the second optical relay, another portionPoint be then directly transmitted to eyepiece, display will be shown one of the imaging beam of object lens by the reverse side of described light splitting surfaceSub reflector is to eyepiece, and another part is then transmitted to the second described optical relay; Described picture pick-up device receives theVision signal is also exported to external monitor by the light beam of two optical relay outgoing.

According to the present invention, described night vision aims at passage and comprises night-vision objective and night vision camera device, describedPicture pick-up device, display are placed in look and aim at passage daytime, and object space light beam is imaged on and takes the photograph depending on object lens by described daytimeAs on the target surface of device and shown by described display; Object space light beam is imaged on night by described night-vision objectiveOn target surface depending on picture pick-up device, the video frequency output of night vision camera device can be sent into external monitor, also canShow to send into described display, observe with eyepiece for user.

Beneficial effect of the present invention be embodied in following some:

(1) the present invention by see in daytime, night take aim at passage, laser ranging unit, transmitting set, picture pick-up device,The unit such as display are integrated in one, and by organic control of single-chip microcomputer and resolving related data, make thisInvention achieve round the clock see take aim at, laser ranging, ballistic solution, enemy and we's identification, night target illumination, videoThe multiple functions such as the wireless transmission of signal/data-signal, can meet comprehensive operation small arms wellInstructions for use. The present invention is not only suitable for aiming and the fire control of howitzer emitter, rifle, machine gun etc.,Also the fire control of light-caliber cannon is suitable for.

(2) the present invention by an optical relay by night vision see take aim at passage be coupled to daytime depending on sight take aim at lead to into, realShow two passages and share eyepiece light path; Identified laser by adopting spectrum prism to achieve enemy and we, swashLigh-ranging echo and target visible light Shu Gongyong object lens, thus to simplifying system architecture of the present invention, reduce wholeMachine volume and weight, reduce costs and make contributions.

(3) the present invention is by adopting energy Amici prism, an optical relay and picture pick-up device, not only realShow TV indirectly to see and take aim at, optics also can be made directly to take aim at it and coexist, expand use of the present invention thus simultaneouslyScope, can realize hidden observation and the aiming at the place such as corner, trench.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is that the present invention totally forms schematic diagram.

Fig. 2 is first preferred embodiment of the invention schematic diagram.

Fig. 3 is second preferred embodiment of the invention schematic diagram.

Fig. 4 is the night-vision objective schematic diagram of refraction-reflection type structure.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.

Just as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, contain look object lens daytime depending on aiming passage the daytime of first preferred embodiment of the invention3, the first Amici prism 4, graticle 5, eyepiece 9. Daytime is one group of image-forming objective lens depending on object lens 3, and it is whiteThe imaging band that daytime observes and aims at is again the collection channel of laser ranging beam reflection signal. The first light splittingPrism 4 is block prisms, its 45 ° of light splitting surfaces are coated with reflect 1.06 μm of laser, transmission 0.40 ~The spectro-film of 0.90 μm of visible ray, reflectivity is greater than 90%, and transmissivity is greater than 90%. Graticle 5 is for directlyThe aiming of apparent time to target, be carved with the aiming scale graduation of small arms by weapon firing table, eyepiece 9 adopts threeSheet lens structure, it can provide target image, the collimator graduation image in daytime, the target figure of ight for userAiming point image and digital picture that picture, display 6 provide. Night vision aim at passage contain night-vision objective 1, asBooster 2, the first optical relay 15, night-vision objective 1 adopts the version of five lens, also can adoptBy double gauss transmission-type objective lens, image intensifier 2 adopts three-generation image enhancer, and the first optical relay 15 comprisesTwo right-angle reflecting prism and one group of relaying camera lens, the first right-angle reflecting prism is defeated by generationⅢ image intensifierThe low-light level imaging that goes out is introduced relaying camera lens, and the second right-angle reflecting prism 16 can be upper and lower around an optical axis edge of turning backDirection is overturn 180 °, is coupled in eyepiece 9 to realize the low-light level imaging that relaying camera lens is exported. Picture pick-up device7 adopt miniature CCD device, and analog video image can be exported. This preferred embodiment also comprises the second light splitting ribMirror 22, the second optical relay 17, demonstration lens 18, the second Amici prism 22 are a block prism and positionIn light path between the first optical relay 15 and eyepiece 9, the second 45 ° of Amici prisms light splitting surface be coated with energyAmount spectro-film, the spectro-film that its reflectivity is about 20%, transmissivity is 80%, the light of the second optical relay 17Bundle enters miniature CCD device, and the vision signal of miniature CCD device can be sent into external connection monitors and show.Showing object lens 18 is that a cemented doublet, display 6 are selected symbol display, and symbol display showsAll kinds of symbols by showing object lens 18 imagings, and enter respectively miniature CCD device through the second Amici prism 22In part and eyepiece 9. Laser transmitter 10 is with one group of collimation optics, laser instrument, and laser instrument adopts rippleLength is 1.06 μm of solid state lasers, and collimation optics is placed on respectively laser instrument front, sharp for collimatingThe laser beam of light device transmitting. Laser detector 13 is selected snowslide pipe. Transmitting set 14 adopts 400MHzTo the radio-frequency transmissions assembly of 2.0GHz, the data message that single-chip microcomputer 11 exports can be modulated to radio frequency and carry by itThe people of receiver is sent to wirelessly after the vision signal mixing exporting in ripple and with picture pick-up device 7Member (as another gun sight user). Laser irradiation device 8 is selected semiconductor laser, and this laser instrument canUnder its control circuit drives, export modulating pulse laser beam and send inquiry to unknown object, the present embodiment canIncrease by one can received RF answer signal radio frequency reception assembly 19 and a modulation circuit plate 20, or joinStandby enemy and we identify laser detector and radio frequency sending set, then or above-mentioned four samples be all equipped with so that be equipped withEnemy and we identify laser detector and radio frequency sending set or be equipped with radio frequency reception assembly and modulation circuit plate sameEnemy and we's recognition functions such as companion realizes that Laser Modulation is inquired, replied jointly. In addition, this laser irradiation device 8 also canTo launch continuously or the quasi-continuous laser beam of high frequency, for night vision, to aim at passage indicating target quick to realize nightAim at. Single-chip microcomputer 11 is selected general 89C51 chip, and its function exports according to laser detector 13Pulse signal, calculates the distance of range finding; The data signal of processing display and graduation display position, state,Search the tables of data of storage inside, or by built-in computing formula, the aiming graduation position after drawing range finding,And again show; Also for controlling and process switching signal, data transfer signal. Supply convertor 12 is by lineCircle high oscillator, rectifier and DC/DC module composition. The present embodiment can horizontal or vertically be installed to forceIn device claw mounts, its light path part is the Manifold Light Way with redundancy feature, the phase contraposition of each light pathIt is adjustable putting, and as night-vision objective 1, the night vision to gleam image intensifier 2 place aims at passage, with daytimeDepending on placing up and down in vertical plane depending on aiming at passage the daytime between object lens 3 to eyepiece 9, and laserThe optical axis of device 8, the optical axis of laser transmitter 10 can be placed left and right in horizontal plane; Vice versa. Night visionObject lens 1, daytime are answered proper calibration depending on the optical axis of object lens 3, laser irradiation device 8, laser ranging unit, to meetThe requirement of axis of sighting to goal congruence. According to space size and EMC Design requirement, also to installThe signal processing circuit of some necessity, gauge tap (see in Fig. 1 21). The daytime of this preferred embodiment is depending on taking aim atIt is all the direct-view mode of observing with eyepiece that accurate passage and night vision aim at passage, has routine also can be made in the absence of powerThe feature aiming at, the night vision performance of system is also comparatively optimized.

According to Fig. 3, second preferred embodiment of the invention, compared with the first preferred embodiment, eliminates pointDraw plate 5, the second optical relay 17, show object lens 18, laser irradiation device 8, wireless transmission mould both can have been joinedPiece, also can be furnished with line transport module. Meanwhile, the laser instrument of laser transmitter 10 adopts 0.80 μm to 0.98Semiconductor laser between mum wavelength, and the laser detector 13 of corresponding selection corresponding wavelength, half-and-half leadBody laser carries out high frequency modulated, just can replace laser irradiation device 8 realize night target illumination and enemy and we knowXun Wen not; Display 6 adopts selects miniature image display, it can show aiming point, photoelectricity graduation,The image that data and picture pick-up device 7 export. The second embodiment is a kind of system of Display Aim Taking on TV Set mode, hasThe feature of system local optimum, it is light, little that volume weight is looked at straight relatively, Display Aim Taking on TV Set is taken into account mode.

Fig. 4 shows a kind of night-vision objective 1 of refraction-reflection type version, and this object lens relative aperture is large, object lensLength is compressed, and aberration is easy to revise, and the modulation function of object lens is high. Can be used as the various enforcement of the present inventionThe selection scheme of example.

According to the present invention, also the gleam image intensifier in the second embodiment 2 can be changed into low-light level television shootingAssembly or uncooled IRFPA infrared photography assembly and form other embodiments of the invention. Employing low-light level television is taken the photographWhen picture assembly or infrared photography assembly, the vision signal that low-light level television camera assembly or infrared photography assembly exportDirectly send into external connection monitors to show, this save the first optical relay 15. Daytime also passes through depending on passageEyepiece 9 is observed.

Picture pick-up device 7 of the present invention also can adopt CMOS camera, can analog video image and meterThe video image of calculation machine form.

Claims (7)

1. a sighting telescope for light arms, comprise look daytime aim at passage, night vision aim at passage, display [6],Contain the laser ranging unit of laser transmitter [10] and laser detector [13], it is characterized in that: also comprisePicture pick-up device [7], single-chip microcomputer [11], supply convertor [12], transmitting set [14]; Described daytime is depending on taking aim atAccurate passage contains looks object lens [3], the first Amici prism [4], eyepiece [9] daytime, and described night vision aims at passage and containsThere are night-vision objective [1], image intensifier [2], the first optical relay [15], described picture pick-up device [7], demonstrationDevice [6] is placed in look and aims at passage daytime; Enter daytime through daytime depending on object lens [3] and look the light beam that aims at passage through firstAmici prism [4] is divided into two-way, and the laser beam through its reflection enters described laser detector [13], saturating through itThe visible light beam of penetrating is imaged on the upper user of confession of display [6] by described picture pick-up device [7] and is seen taken aim at by eyepiece [9];The light beam that described night vision aims at passage is coupled to is looked aiming passage daytime by the first optical relay [15], and passes throughPicture pick-up device [7] is imaged on the upper user of confession of display [6] and is seen taken aim at by eyepiece; Described supply convertor [12]Be respectively laser ranging unit, picture pick-up device [7], display [6] according to the control signal of single-chip microcomputer [11] to carryPower supply source; Described transmitting set [14] is by defeated to vision signal and single-chip microcomputer [11] that picture pick-up device [7] exportsThe data-signal going out carries out compound and is externally launched by its antenna; Described single-chip microcomputer [11] is to described laser acquisitionThe output signal of device [13], display [6] is processed, and draws range finding distance, aims at graduation position, and controlDemonstration and the transmission of data processed.

2. sighting telescope for light arms according to claim 1, is characterized in that: also comprise graticle [5],The second Amici prism [22], the second optical relay [17], demonstration lens [18]; Described graticle [5] is positioned atLook aiming passage daytime; Described demonstration lens [18] are positioned at the front of described display [6] and demonstration information are becomePicture; Described the second Amici prism [22] is a block prism and is positioned at the first optical relay [15] and eyepiece [9]Between light path in, the tow sides of its 45 ° of light splitting surfaces are all coated with energy spectro-film, and described light splitting surface is justFace is by from reflexing to the second optical relay depending on an imaging beam part for object lens [3] or night-vision objective [1] daytime[17], another part is then directly transmitted to eyepiece [9], and the reverse side of described light splitting surface will show object lens [18]An imaging beam part reflexes to eyepiece [9], and another part is then transmitted to described the second optical relay [17];Described picture pick-up device [7] is to outside the light beam imaging of the second optical relay [17] outgoing exporting to vision signalThe monitor connecing.

3. sighting telescope for light arms according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described night vision aims at logicalRoad is made up of described night-vision objective [1] and night vision camera device, and described picture pick-up device [7] only will be looked to aim at and lead to daytimeAfter the visible light beam imaging in road, send into described display [6] to show; Described night-vision objective [1] is by object space light beamBe imaged on the target surface of described night vision camera device, the video frequency output of night vision camera device is sent into external supervisionDevice, or send into described display [6] demonstration.

4. the sighting telescope for light arms according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, is characterized in that: be also included asDescribed night vision aims at passage indicating target, or the semiconductor laser photograph of IFF challenge is sent to unknown objectEmitter [8].

5. the sighting telescope for light arms according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, is characterized in that: described laserThe laser instrument of emitter [10] adopts the solid state laser of 1.06 μm, or adopts 0.80 μm ~ 0.98Semiconductor laser between mum wavelength.

6. sighting telescope for light arms according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described night vision camera devicePart can be low-light camera assembly, or uncooled IRFPA infrared photography assembly.

7. the sighting telescope for light arms according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, is characterized in that: described takes the photographPicture device [7] is CCD camera assembly, or CMOS camera.