CN105651251B - A kind of one-tunnel two-tracks Tunnel Overbreak ＆ Underbreak assay method - Google Patents
A kind of one-tunnel two-tracks Tunnel Overbreak ＆ Underbreak assay method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105651251B CN105651251B CN201511011424.9A CN201511011424A CN105651251B CN 105651251 B CN105651251 B CN 105651251B CN 201511011424 A CN201511011424 A CN 201511011424A CN 105651251 B CN105651251 B CN 105651251B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C7/00—Tracing profiles
- G01C7/06—Tracing profiles of cavities, e.g. tunnels
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical fields of tunnel cross-section control, and in particular to a kind of one-tunnel two-tracks Tunnel Overbreak ＆ Underbreak assay method, the problem that the assay method that solves existing out break is either time-consuming, laborious or expensive equipment is not applicable.Its step is：Data acquire, and are acquired to one-tunnel two-tracks tunnel cross-section each point, MATLAB software fit curve equations, line midline and the central axes great Dong are fitted, fit equation is obtained, VB programmings are programmed using the fit equation that S2 is obtained, the data of Excel processing steps S1 acquisitions, the VB program entries of S3 is macro, gathered data is handled, the comparison of Autocad software Graphics and result of calculation, out break value is obtained, site operation is instructed.The present invention improves computational efficiency, reduces expense, reduces personnel's input, ensure that site safety, efficient construction.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical fields of tunnel cross-section control, and in particular to a kind of one-tunnel two-tracks Tunnel Overbreak ＆ Underbreak measurement side
Method.
Background technology
During constructing tunnel, out break phenomenon can be often encountered.The practical contour line obtained that excavates is excavated into wheel with design
Profile compares, and it is to backbreak to design the part other than excavation contour line, and the part within contradictory design excavation contour line is to owe to dig.It is super
Deficient digging can cause many harm to construction, such as：Driving and the raising of support cost, waterproof material can not with scar identical, country rock
Stress raisers etc..
In order to preferably control out break, need to formulate suitable out break assay method, for instructing site operation.It is super
It includes the direct method of measurement, method of direct coordinate, three-dimensional up short method, laser cross section instrument method to owe the assay method dug mainly.Wherein,
First two method is relatively common at the construction field (site), but needs to consume a large amount of manpowers progress data acquisitions and calculating, time-consuming, laborious；
Although the two reaches automation purpose afterwards, expensive equipment is not applicable, often as scientific research method.
Currently, it is more mature based on the one-tunnel one-track data processing software that rectangular co-ordinate principle is established, manpower can be solved
The problem of calculating.This kind of software for calculation symmetrically finds the other coordinate points of tunnel cross-section, and then calculate using line midline as baseline.
One-tunnel one-track tunnel, straightway line midline are overlapped with tunnel center line, and deviation existing for curved section the two is provided according to designing institute
Data be modified, meet software parameters demand.But for one-tunnel two-tracks tunnel, there are two lines road center line and
Constantly change with the tunnel center line relative position in big hole, the line midline made is difficult to determine with big hole center line functional relation, data
Processing work is cumbersome, superfluous heavy.For this purpose, should be directed to one-tunnel two-tracks tunnel proposes a kind of feasible out break assay method.
Invention content
The present invention is in order to which the assay method for solving existing out break is either time-consuming, laborious or expensive equipment is not suitable for
Problem provides a kind of one-tunnel two-tracks Tunnel Overbreak ＆ Underbreak assay method.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that realization：
A kind of one-tunnel two-tracks Tunnel Overbreak ＆ Underbreak assay method, step are：
S1. data acquire, and are acquired to one-tunnel two-tracks tunnel cross-section each point,
S2.MATLAB software fit curve equations are fitted line midline and the central axes great Dong, obtain fit equation.
S3.VB is programmed, and is programmed using the fit equation that S2 is obtained.
The data of S4.Excel processing steps S1 acquisitions, the VB program entries of S3 is macro, gathered data is handled.
The comparison of S5.Autocad software Graphics and result of calculation, obtain out break value, instruct site operation.
The step S1, data collection steps include：
S11. mirror is set：Total powerstation, and two control point intervisibilities are set up, and acquisition target point can be seen, ensure that sight angle exists
60 degree or so, instrument antenna height is moderate, and tripod leg is treaded, and leveling bubble,
S12. station is set：It into measurement pattern, clicks " setting station ", selects " resection method " to press " determination ", be respectively aligned to two
Known control point measures and records, and checks error of building a station, and controls within 5mm,
S13. data acquire：One side cover plate top to the vault of mono- Measure section of every 5 ~ 10m, each Measure section divides 9 sections,
To being known as 18 sections, 19 measurement data are acquired altogether.
The step S2, including：
S21. open route plan, choose two perpendicular to the parallel lines of tunnel center line and with a wherein line midline
Intersection, two parallel lines institute transversal sections include that point is data source；
S22. spacing decile being carried out to the line midline of institute's intercept using CAD orders, decile length, which takes 1 ~ 2 meter, to be advisable, if
Starting point is zero, establishes data matrix, then y=[y1,y2,y3,...,yn], wherein ynFor the length apart from starting point；
S23. vertical line is made to tunnel center line by Along ent in S22, obtains several intersection point points, initial point position originates for S22
The point corresponding intersection point point in position, establishes data matrix, then x=[x1,x2,x3,...,xn], wherein xnFor the length apart from starting point
Degree；
S24. by y=[y1,y2,y3,...,yn] and x=[x1,x2,x3,...,xn] import MATLAB softwares be fitted, obtain
To fit equation y=f (x).
The data of total powerstation acquisition are imported Excel by the step S4, and the VB programs importing obtained using S3 is macro, opens
Qi Hong is calculated, and offset distance and height difference are obtained, and wherein height difference is the depth displacement of institute's measuring point and rail level.
The step S5, the offset distance that step S4 is obtained is with height difference with coordinate form（Offset distance, height difference）Expression, original
Each coordinate points are inputted using the order of Autocad software points on tunnel cross-section figure, corresponding tunnel contour line is compared, checks advanced digging
Situation obtains out break value.
The present invention has following features：
（1）Data acquisition instrument includes total powerstation, tripod, prism, always weighs about 20 kilograms, with two technical staff
It can complete all to measure work.
（2）Computer processing data only needs 2 minutes or so, and easy to operate, calculating is accurately.
（3）By the comparison diagram of tunnel contour line and eyeball that Autocad softwares ultimately generate, data are intuitive, confidence level
It is high.
The present invention provides a kind of methods calculating one-tunnel two-tracks Tunnel Overbreak ＆ Underbreak, compensate at existing one-tunnel one-track data
Deficiency of the software in terms of one-tunnel two-tracks is managed, practical method of direct coordinate principle is utilized, is compiled in conjunction with MATLAB softwares, VB
Journey, Excel macroefficiency and Autocad softwares calculate the out break in tunnel.The invention improves computational efficiency, reduction expense, subtracts
Few personnel's input ensure that site safety, efficient construction.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is operational flowchart；
Fig. 2 is one-tunnel two-tracks tunnel floor map；
Fig. 3 is that out break calculates schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is V grades and encloses across the b type sectional schematic diagram of big section；
Fig. 5 is section DK0+526.9864~DK0+555.946 route plans；
Fig. 6 is out break value example.
Specific implementation mode
The specific implementation mode of the present invention is described further in conjunction with attached drawing.
A kind of one-tunnel two-tracks Tunnel Overbreak ＆ Underbreak assay method, step are：
S1. data acquire, and are acquired to one-tunnel two-tracks tunnel cross-section each point.
S2.MATLAB software fit curve equations are fitted line midline and the central axes great Dong, obtain fit equation.
S3.VB is programmed, and is programmed using the fit equation that S2 is obtained.
S4.Excel handles data, and the VB program entries of S3 is macro, handles gathered data.
The comparison of S5.Autocad software Graphics and result of calculation.
Preferably, the implementation of step S1 is needed by total powerstation.The total powerstation is collection horizontal angle, vertical angle, distance
（Oblique distance, it is flat away from）, vertical survey function in one instrument of surveying and mapping system.It can be completed on the survey station after once placement instrument
All measure work.It is widely used in the precise engineering surveys such as ground heavy construction and construction of underground tunnel or deformation monitoring field.
The S1, data collection steps further comprise：
S11. mirror is set：Total powerstation, and two control point intervisibilities are set up, and acquisition target point can be seen.Ensure sight folder as possible
Angle is at 60 degree or so, and instrument antenna height is moderate, and tripod leg is treaded, and leveling bubble.
S12. station is set：It into measurement pattern, clicks " setting station ", " resection method " is selected to press " determination ".It is respectively aligned to two
Known control point measures and records, and checks error of building a station, and controls within 5mm.
S13. data acquire：One side cover plate top to the vault of mono- Measure section of every 5 ~ 10m, each Measure section divides 9 sections,
To being known as 18 sections, 19 measurement data are acquired altogether.
Preferably, MATLAB softwares in step S2 can carry out matrix operation, drafting function and data, realize algorithm, wound
The program etc. built user interface, connect other programming languages is mainly used in engineering calculation, control design case, signal processing and leads to
The fields such as news, image procossing, signal detection, financial Modeling and Design and analysis.
The S2, further comprises：
S21. route plan is opened（Part attached drawing 2）, two are chosen perpendicular to the parallel lines of tunnel center line and with wherein one
The intersection of line midline, two parallel lines institute transversal sections include that point is data source；
S22. spacing decile being carried out to the line midline of institute's intercept using CAD orders, decile length, which takes 1 ~ 2 meter, to be advisable, if
Starting point is zero, establishes data matrix, then y=[y1,y2,y3,...,yn], wherein ynFor the length apart from starting point；
S23. vertical line is made to tunnel center line by Along ent in S22, obtains several intersection point points, initial point position originates for S22
The point corresponding intersection point point in position, establishes data matrix, then x=[x1,x2,x3,...,xn], wherein xnFor the length apart from starting point
Degree；
S24. by y=[y1,y2,y3,...,yn] and x=[x1,x2,x3,...,xn] import MATLAB softwares be fitted, obtain
To fit equation y=f (x).
Preferably, step S3 carries out VB programmings, wherein y=f (x) relational expressions, the coordinate system that are obtained comprising step S24
Conversion formula, grid DEM formula, display command etc..
Preferably, the data of total powerstation acquisition are imported Excel by step S4, and the VB programs importing obtained using S3 is macro, opens
Qi Hong is calculated, and offset distance and height difference are obtained, and wherein height difference is the depth displacement of institute's measuring point and rail level.
Preferably, step S5, the offset distance that step S4 is obtained is with height difference with coordinate form（Offset distance, height difference）Expression, in original
Each coordinate points are inputted using the order of Autocad software points on beginning tunnel cross-section figure, compare corresponding tunnel contour line, are checked advanced
Situation is dug, as shown in Figure 3.
Embodiment：1. operation area overview
Applicant's engineering civil engineering constructing N numbered H-TA01 marks, mining method construction section includes：In intermediate ventilating shaft~subway control
Heart one-tunnel one-track tunnel, Subway Control Center~Nanjing southern station one-tunnel two-tracks tunnel.Wherein, one-tunnel two-tracks Mining Method block design
Starting point mileage DK0+426.702, terminal mileage DK0+611.338, overall length 184.636m；Thickness of earth covering about 6.14~23.82m.
The section demonstrated in example is DK0+526.9864~DK0+555.946, and form of fracture is V grades of country rock b type sections（Such as attached drawing 4
It is shown）, delay curved section in right line center line.
2. data acquire
With two technical staff, according to on-site actual situations, known control point is utilized by total powerstation, according to symmetrical
Section is divided into 18 sections by principle, and totally 19 measurement data are acquired.
3. Tunnel Right Line line midline carries out MATLAB software fittings with big hole center line
（1）5 route plan of attached drawing is opened, using Autocad orders, right line line midline is divided with equidistant 2 meters,
Vertical line is done to big hole center line by division points.Wherein, the mileage of right each Along ent of line line midline is right line mileage, big hole center line
Each intersection point mileage is to calculate mileage, and one-to-one relationship is shown in Table 1.
Table 1 calculates mileage and corresponding right line mileage record table
（2）Two groups of data input MATLAB softwares in table 1 are fitted, obtain relation formula, wherein y arrays correspond to table
1 right line mileage, the formula that x arrays correspond to table 1 calculate mileage.
4. writing program
Using gained fitting formula and coordinate system conversion formula, calculation procedure is write, and carries out the macro typings of Excel.
5. handling data
（1）The data of acquisition import Excel, and unlatching is macro to be calculated, and obtains offset distance and height difference, wherein height difference is institute's measuring point
With the difference of height above rail surface.
2 data summary table of table
| Period | X | Y | H | Mileage | Offset distance | Height above rail surface | Height difference |
| 1 | 138761.225 | 130601.991 | 3.470 | 531.419 | -6.606 | -0.467 | 3.937 |
| 2 | 138758.730 | 130602.678 | 6.133 | 532.002 | -4.055 | -0.470 | 6.603 |
| 3 | 138755.416 | 130604.927 | 7.237 | 531.579 | -0.072 | -0.468 | 7.705 |
| 4 | 138757.010 | 130597.332 | 5.427 | 537.528 | -5.056 | -0.500 | 5.927 |
| 5 | 138754.638 | 130598.704 | 6.875 | 537.435 | -2.317 | -0.499 | 7.374 |
| 6 | 138753.130 | 130599.855 | 7.198 | 537.130 | -0.445 | -0.498 | 7.696 |
| 7 | 138754.682 | 130589.962 | 3.736 | 545.126 | -6.473 | -0.558 | 4.294 |
| 8 | 138752.864 | 130590.565 | 5.642 | 545.451 | -4.586 | -0.561 | 6.203 |
| 9 | 138749.219 | 130592.058 | 7.116 | 545.851 | -0.667 | -0.565 | 7.681 |
| 10 | 138751.219 | 130584.323 | 4.230 | 551.732 | -6.075 | -0.625 | 4.855 |
（2）Cross-section diagram is compared, out break value is obtained
On Autocad softwares, by original tunnel cross-section diagram using rail level line and tunnel center line intersection point as basic point, it is moved to
Autocad coordinate origins（0,0）；Offset distance in table 2 and height difference are multiplied by 1000 respectively（It is converted into millimeter）, and with coordinate form
（Offset distance, height difference）Expression inputs each coordinate points with dot command；Corresponding tunnel contour line is compared, out break value is measured.With wherein one
For point, as shown in Fig. 6, exceed contour line 196mm, that is, backbreak 196mm.
6. instructing site operation
According to each out break data and corresponding mileage, tunnel is handled.It owes to dig and partly need to cut processing, part of backbreaking
It is poured simultaneously using the concrete of label identical as lining cutting, ensures local force-bearing of surrounding rock mass stabilization and later stage waterproof material construction matter
Amount.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of one-tunnel two-tracks Tunnel Overbreak ＆ Underbreak assay method, step are：
S1. data acquire, and are acquired to one-tunnel two-tracks tunnel cross-section each point,
S2.MATLAB software fit curve equations are fitted line midline and the central axes great Dong, obtain fit equation,
Specially：Route plan is opened, it is right respectively by division points to the equidistant division of line midline using Autocad orders
Big hole center line does vertical line, obtains intersection point point mileage, then by two groups of data inputs of mileage of the mileage of division points and intersection point point
MATLAB softwares are fitted, and obtain relation formula,
S3.VB is programmed, and is programmed using the fit equation that S2 is obtained,
The data of S4.Excel processing steps S1 acquisitions, the VB program entries of S3 is macro, gathered data is handled,
The comparison of S5.Autocad software Graphics and result of calculation, obtain out break value, instruct site operation.
2. one-tunnel two-tracks Tunnel Overbreak ＆ Underbreak assay method according to claim 1, the step S1, data collection steps
Including：
S11. mirror is set：Total powerstation, and two control point intervisibilities are set up, and acquisition target point can be seen, ensure sight angle at 60 degree
Left and right, instrument antenna height is moderate, and tripod leg is treaded, and leveling bubble,
S12. station is set：It into measurement pattern, clicks " setting station ", selects " resection method " to press " determination ", be respectively aligned to known to two
Control point measures and records, and checks error of building a station, and controls within 5mm,
S13. data acquire：Mono- Measure section of every 5 ~ 10m, a side cover plate top of each Measure section is to 9 sections of vault point, symmetrically
It is 18 sections, acquires 19 measurement data altogether.
3. one-tunnel two-tracks Tunnel Overbreak ＆ Underbreak assay method according to claim 1 or 2, the step S2, including：
S21. open route plan, choose two perpendicular to the parallel lines of tunnel center line and with a wherein line midline phase
It hands over, two parallel lines institute transversal sections include that point is data source；
S22. spacing decile is carried out to the line midline of institute's intercept using CAD orders, decile length, which takes 1 ~ 2 meter, to be advisable, if starting
Point is zero, establishes data matrix, then y=[y1,y2,y3,...,yn], wherein ynFor the length apart from starting point；
S23. vertical line is made to tunnel center line by Along ent in S22, obtains several intersection point points, initial point position is that S22 originates point
Corresponding intersection point point is set, establishes data matrix, then x=[x1,x2,x3,...,xn], wherein xnFor the length apart from starting point；
S24. by y=[y1,y2,y3,...,yn] and x=[x1,x2,x3,...,xn] import MATLAB softwares be fitted, intended
Close equation y=f (x).
4. one-tunnel two-tracks Tunnel Overbreak ＆ Underbreak assay method according to claim 3, the step S4, total powerstation is acquired
Data import Excel, the VB programs obtained using S3 import it is macro, open it is macro is calculated, offset distance and height difference are obtained, wherein high
Difference is the depth displacement of institute's measuring point and rail level.
5. one-tunnel two-tracks Tunnel Overbreak ＆ Underbreak assay method according to claim 4, step S5, the offset distance that step S4 is obtained
It is expressed with coordinate form with height difference, each coordinate points is inputted using the order of Autocad software points in original tunnel cross-section diagram, it is right
Than corresponding tunnel contour line, checks advanced digging situation, obtain out break value.
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| CN110030972A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-07-19 | 中铁八局集团第三工程有限公司 | Tunnel Overbreak & Underbreak detection method based on ExcelVBA |
| CN110146057B (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2022-06-24 | 中国五冶集团有限公司 | Method for detecting tunnel section |
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| CN113062769B (en) * | 2021-03-27 | 2022-08-23 | 中电建十一局工程有限公司 | Use method of newly-compiled measurement construction program in horseshoe tunnel |
| CN114440831B (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2023-11-03 | 中国华冶科工集团有限公司 | Mine section inspection method based on total station point projection |
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