CN105649635B - A kind of disaster type tunnelling method in goaf - Google Patents
A kind of disaster type tunnelling method in goaf Download PDFInfo
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- CN105649635B CN105649635B CN201610146803.7A CN201610146803A CN105649635B CN 105649635 B CN105649635 B CN 105649635B CN 201610146803 A CN201610146803 A CN 201610146803A CN 105649635 B CN105649635 B CN 105649635B
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- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 abstract description 24
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- GOLXNESZZPUPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N spiromesifen Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1C(C(O1)=O)=C(OC(=O)CC(C)(C)C)C11CCCC1 GOLXNESZZPUPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/006—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by making use of blasting methods
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D17/00—Caps for supporting mine roofs
- E21D17/02—Cantilever extension or similar protecting devices
- E21D17/06—Cantilever extension or similar protecting devices for use in drifting galleries
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D19/00—Provisional protective covers for working space
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of disaster type tunnelling method in goaf, it carries out on the basis of back supporting in the existing steel canopy of prior art, steel canopy, forestope and preceding spy drill rod three is organically combined, to realize：In tunneling process, to the advance support of back；In work progress, suspension type forestope is coordinated to carry out top plate gib using preceding spy drill rod, when preferably solving second mining tunnel digging blasting in goaf, to the technical barrier of back effective support；The integrality of driving face top plate is ensure that, the rapidity and security of disaster type tunnelling in goaf is realized, reduces the excavation cost in second mining tunnel.Combination tool used in the present invention is simple in construction, dismount making easy, easy to process, and its practicality is good；Operating cost of the present invention is low, security is good, with good marketing application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to disaster type tunnel in a kind of tunnelling and method for protecting support, more particularly to a kind of coal mine gob
Driving method, belongs to technical field of coal exploitation.
Background technology
For a long time, the situation that the rate of recovery is low, waste is serious is there is always in coal resources in China exploitation.Reason exists
In pit mining initial stage, because coal-mining technique falls behind, mismanagement, a large amount of coal resources are lost in goaf.
Under this non-renewable resources of the coal increasingly situation of reduction, reclaim remaining coal resources gesture in goaf and exist
It must go.And goaf second mining is to improve one of important channel of coal recovery rate, have for the length of service for extending mine
There is far-reaching realistic meaning.
Goaf Remanent coal resources existing forms difference is often very big, and occurrence condition is poor, safety guarantee degree is low and production pipe
The problems such as difficulty are managed, this is the technical barrier of the residual coal of second mining.Also, the coal in goaf and spoil compressed through overlying rock and
Cementation, forms the rock mass of regeneration.Rock mass is mainly granular media and part cataclastic texture, and integral hardness is small.In development blasting lane
During road, top plate, two help to be easily broken, and supporting difficulty is big, if driving face top plate protection is bad, easily occur across falling.Seriously
Driving speed is influenceed, second mining economic benefit is influenceed.
As much as possible to reclaim goaf Remanent coal resources, realize safe second mining, it is necessary to roadway layout, coal winning technology,
The many-sides such as safety production technique are improved or explored.In a word, disaster type is tunneled in goaf and supporting is a complexity
System engineering.
The content of the invention
It is good it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of security, disaster type in a kind of simple coal mine gob of construction technology
Tunnelling construction method.
The present invention to achieve the above object, it is necessary to solve primary technical problem be, how in explosion, digging laneway,
Back and two are helped to carry out the technical problem of effective support.
The present invention is for solution above-mentioned technical problem the technical scheme adopted is that disaster type tunnel is dug in a kind of goaf
Enter method, it is characterised in that：Roadway support is carried out using steel canopy；In work progress, coordinated using preceding spy drill rod and visited before suspension type
Beam carries out top plate gib；
The steel canopy is fabricated structure, and overall is in " ∏ " font, and quantity is some；Each setting steel-shelf includes two canopies
Leg and a capplce；Wherein, the upper surface of steel canopy capplce is contacted with back, supports top plate；
The canopy leg and capplce are I-steel, on the lower surface of each capplce, are provided with two caliper brakes and hang
Hanging device；
The forestope is a π section steel beams, and the caliper brake Apparatus for hanging articles more than former and later two is hung in the lower section of capplce,
Forestope retains 0.1-0.2 meters of spacing between that one end end of driving face and driving face；
A number of steel canopy into being sequentially arranged in digging laneway at equal intervals, and with the pick forward of driving face
Enter, constantly set up new steel canopy in the anterior position of that setting steel-shelf near driving face, and so on circulation is carried out；
With the relative distance distance with driving face for principle of ordering, that setting steel-shelf near driving face is the
One frame；First setting steel-shelf is pushing ahead with driving face, the dynamic constantly replaced by new steel canopy
Change procedure；
On the web of above-mentioned first capplce, a number of penetrating circular hole is equidistantly offered, in tunneling process only
Need two capplces for opening up penetrating circular hole；
Concrete construction method, comprises the following steps：
The first step, in tunnel, sets up steel canopy at 0.1-0.2 meters in front of driving face；
Second step, using electric coal drill, keeps its drilling rod to sequentially pass through above-mentioned each penetrating circular hole in the horizontal direction, in heading driver
Make to beat a number of drill rod eye on face；
Wherein, 1.5-1.8 meter of drill rod eye eye depth, it is preceding to visit 1.8-2.0 meters of drill rod length, the quantity of drill rod with it is above-mentioned penetrating
Circular hole quantity is equal；
Then, a number of preceding spy drill rod is passed through into corresponding each penetrating circular hole respectively, and hammers into corresponding steel
Pricker intraocular, plays a supporting role in protection during for explosion to top plate；
3rd step, in the region beyond above-mentioned drill rod now 0.3-0.5 meters of side, beats a number of borehole, using complete
Powder charge serial ignition of perforating of section is into lane, and borehole eye distance is 0.3-0.5 meters, borehole 1.2-1.4 meters of depth of eye, and filling is fried
After medicine, explosion is ignited；
Per 1.0-1.1 meters of explosion cyclic advance, after the completion of explosion, after confirmed site safety is without danger, steel is visited before extracting out
Pricker, and Strengthening Roof supporting, then carry out looking for top, and the crag and stone living of suspension are removed in time；
Look for after the completion of top, spread landing net；
4th step, coordinates long timber by landing net jack-up, hydraulic prop should be clashed and worked to tunnelling using hydraulic prop
Face direction, to ensure that landing net can seal top plate, wrap driving face top rib, then elapses forward two forestopes
At its end is away from 0.1~0.2 meter of position of new driving face formed after explosion, then before former first setting steel-shelf
In side, forestope, another capplce for opening up penetrating circular hole is shelved, to set about installing the new steel canopy of a frame；Now original first
The capplce that penetrating circular hole is opened up in setting steel-shelf is substituted for common capplce, and such two capplces for opening up penetrating circular hole alternately make
With, it is ensured that there are two capplces for opening up penetrating circular hole in tunneling process；Before this operation and in operation process, strike at any time
Jowling is helped, and as needed, timely uses long handle instrument and disposes crag that may be present or stone living；
After above-mentioned another capplce is shelved in place, timber wedge is squeezed into the contact surface of the capplce and forestope, so that the canopy
The upper surface of beam holds out against back；
Then, start drag conveyor, by manually shoveling the coal being caving and spoil to drag conveyor respectively, transport lane
Road；
After the coal and spoil being caving are cleaned out, the installation of two canopy legs of above-mentioned new steel canopy is carried out, until steel canopy
Erection is finished, the permanent support formed at the roadway position；
5th step, repeats the above-mentioned first step to the 3rd step, until whole tunnel position is respectively formed permanent support.
The technical effect directly brought by the technical proposal is that, steel canopy, forestope and preceding spy drill rod three are organically tied
Altogether, to realize the advance support in tunneling process to back；In work progress, coordinate suspension type using preceding spy drill rod
Forestope carries out top plate gib, effective to back when preferably solving second mining tunnel digging blasting in goaf
The technical barrier of supporting.
For the place for the difficult point for more fully understanding this " problem ", briefly release bright as follows：
Coal in goaf is compressed and cementation with spoil through overlying rock, forms the rock mass of regeneration.Rock mass is mainly
Granular media and part cataclastic texture, integral hardness are small.At development blasting tunnel, top plate, two help to be easily broken, and supporting difficulty is big,
If driving face top plate protection is bad, easily occur across falling.
Also, above-mentioned technical proposal, constructing operation is simple, flexible, equipment and instrument less investment, driving speed are fast, work
Efficiency high.
Preferably, disaster type tunnelling construction method in above-mentioned goaf, it is characterised in that two adjacent steel
Spacing between canopy is 1-1.6 meters.
What the optimal technical scheme was directly brought has the technical effect that, between adjacent two steel canopies (permanent support unit)
Spacing is 1-1.6 meters, it can be ensured that firm, reliable supporting effect is formed to top plate.
Further preferably, disaster type tunnelling construction method in above-mentioned goaf, it is characterised in that tilting lane
Under conditions of road, in the hanging and moving process of forestope, in addition it is also necessary to forestope is fastened and is fixed on the use of anti-abseiling
On corresponding capplce, to prevent forestope releases landing from hurting sb.'s feelings.
What the optimal technical scheme was directly brought has the technical effect that, fastens forestope simultaneously with the use of flexible anti-abseiling
It is fixed on corresponding capplce, more preferable fixation can be played；
Also, anti-abseiling is using upper also very easy, and fast changeable or dismantle to another place is used.
Further preferably, above-mentioned preceding drill rod material of visiting is steel alloy.
What the optimal technical scheme was directly brought has the technical effect that, steel alloy has higher hardness, rigidity and good
Wearability.On the one hand, the larger shearing force that may need to bear during gib can be born；On the other hand, it can increase
Number of times is effectively reused, is increased the service life.
Further preferably, the quantity of above-mentioned penetrating circular hole is more than 5.
What the optimal technical scheme was directly brought has the technical effect that, generally, and the width in tunnel is general at 2.4-2.6 meters, leads to
The quantity of saturating circular hole is more than 5 (that is, spacing≤0.65 meter between preceding spy drill rod), according to the warp of those skilled in the art
Test, this is enough to ensure that effective support or support under the conditions of breaking roof, it is possible to effectively stop potential or may collapse
The crag or stone living fallen.
Further preferably, two canopy legs of above-mentioned steel canopy retain 0.1 meter of spacing with left and right lane side respectively.
What the optimal technical scheme was directly brought has the technical effect that, " two canopy legs of steel canopy retain with left and right lane side respectively
0.1 meter of spacing ", be easy to the installation of canopy leg with it is in place：Nest is dug on floor, canopy leg is planted, by inclined canopy leg righting and makes thereon
End end holds out against middle capplce lower surface (so that capplce is held out against on top plate), this series of constructing operation.
In summary, the present invention has the advantages that relative to prior art：
1st, solve in goaf during disaster type, particularly when tunnel blasting is tunneled, to back and two
Side carries out the technical barrier of effective support.That is, the technical barrier kept the safety in production in goaf during second mining is solved.
2nd, tunnelling and supporting are simple to operate, construction is quick, security, Stability and dependability are good；Simultaneously, it is ensured that
The integrality of driving face top plate, shortens the time of second mining tunnelling in goaf.
3rd, disaster type in goaf is realized, the coal recovery rate of mine is improved, the length of service of mine is extended.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is disaster type roadway head cross-sectional view in the goaf of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is disaster type roadway head overlooking the structure diagram in the goaf of the present invention (before explosion)；
Fig. 3 is disaster type roadway head overlooking the structure diagram in the goaf of the present invention (after explosion)；
Fig. 4 is preceding spy drill rod of the invention and steel canopy frame assembly structure diagram.
Description of reference numerals：
1st, caliper brake Apparatus for hanging articles, 2, steel canopy, 3, driving face, 4, timber wedge, 5, drag conveyor, 6, preceding spy drill rod, 7,
Electric coal drill, 8, forestope, 9, landing net, 10, hydraulic prop, 101, open up the capplce of penetrating circular hole, 102, capplce, 103, canopy
Leg.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, disaster type tunnelling construction method in goaf of the invention, it uses steel canopy 2 to enter
Row roadway support；In work progress, suspension type forestope 8 is coordinated to carry out top plate gib using preceding spy drill rod 6；
Above-mentioned steel canopy 2 is fabricated structure, and overall is in " ∏ " font, and quantity is some；Each setting steel-shelf 2 includes two
Canopy leg 103 and a capplce 102；Wherein, the upper flange of capplce 102 is contacted with back, supports top plate；
Above-mentioned canopy leg 102 and capplce 103 are I-steel, on the lower surface of the lower wing plate of each capplce 102, are all provided with
It is equipped with two caliper brake Apparatus for hanging articles 1；
Above-mentioned forestope 8 is a π section steel beams, and the caliper brake Apparatus for hanging articles 1 more than former and later two is hung in steel canopy capplce
102 lower section, forestope 8 retains 0.1~0.2m's between that one end end of driving face 3 and driving face 3
Spacing；
One equidistant queue of a number of formation of steel canopy 2, is sequentially arranged in the front of driving face 3 in tunnel,
And pushing ahead with driving face 3, near that steel canopy 2 of driving face 3 constantly in original queue of steel canopy 2
Anterior position at set up new steel canopy 2；
With the relative distance distance with driving face 3 for principle of ordering, near that steel canopy 2 of driving face 3
For first；Above-mentioned first setting steel-shelf is pushing ahead with driving face 3, one constantly replaced by new steel canopy
Dynamic changing process；
On the web of above-mentioned first capplce 102, a number of penetrating circular hole is equidistantly offered；
Concrete construction method, comprises the following steps：
The first step, in tunnel, sets up steel canopy 2 at front 0.1-0.2 meters of driving face 3；
Second step, using electric coal drill 7, keeps its drilling rod to sequentially pass through above-mentioned each penetrating circular hole in the horizontal direction, in driving
A number of drill rod eye is beaten on working face 3；
Wherein, 1.5-1.8 meters of drill rod eye eye depth, 1.8-2.0 meters of 6 length of preceding spy drill rod, the quantity of drill rod eye is led to above-mentioned
Saturating circular hole quantity is equal；
Then, a number of preceding spy drill rod 6 is passed through into corresponding each penetrating circular hole respectively, and hammers into corresponding steel
Pricker intraocular, plays a supporting role in protection during for explosion to top plate；
3rd step, in above-mentioned drill rod, 0.3-0.5 meters of side is in exterior domain, to beat a number of borehole now, using complete disconnected
Powder charge serial ignition of the perforating in face is into lane, and borehole eye distance is 0.3-0.5 meters, borehole 1.2-1.4 meters of depth of eye, loads explosive
Afterwards, explosion is ignited；
Per 1.0-1.1 meters of explosion cyclic advance, after the completion of explosion, after confirmed site safety is without danger, steel is visited before extracting out
Pricker 6, and Strengthening Roof supporting, then carry out looking for top, and the crag and stone living of suspension are removed in time；
Look for after the completion of top, spread landing net；
4th step, coordinates long timber by landing net jack-up, hydraulic prop 10 should be clashed to tunnelling using hydraulic prop 10
Working face direction, to ensure that landing net 9 can seal top plate, wrap driving face top rib, then elapses forward two
Forestope 8 until its end away from the 0.1-0.2 meters of positions of new driving face formed after explosion at, then in former first setting steel-shelf
On 2 front, forestope 8, another capplce 101 for opening up penetrating circular hole is shelved, to set about installing the new steel canopy 2 of a frame.This
When the capplce 101 that penetrating circular hole is opened up in former first setting steel-shelf is substituted for common capplce 102, such two open up penetrating circle
The capplce 101 in hole is used alternatingly, it is ensured that have two capplces for opening up penetrating circular hole 101 in tunneling process；This operation it
In preceding and operation process, tap at any time, and as needed, timely use long handle instrument dispose crag that may be present or
Stone living；
After above-mentioned another capplce 102 is shelved in place, timber wedge is squeezed into the contact surface of the capplce 102 and forestope 8, with
The upper surface of the capplce is set to hold out against back；
Then, start drag conveyor 5, by manually shoveling the coal being caving and spoil to drag conveyor 5 respectively, transport
Tunnel；
After the coal and spoil being caving are cleaned out, the installation of two canopy legs 103 of above-mentioned new steel canopy 2 is carried out, until
Steel canopy 2 sets up and finished, the permanent support formed at the roadway position.
5th step, repeats the above-mentioned first step to the 3rd step, until whole tunnel position is respectively formed permanent support.
Spacing between disaster type tunnelling construction method in above-mentioned goaf, its two adjacent steel canopy 2 is
1-1.6 rice.
Disaster type tunnelling construction method in above-mentioned goaf, its under conditions of inclined shaft, forestope 8
In hanging and moving process, in addition it is also necessary to forestope is fastened and is fixed on corresponding capplce 102 with the use of anti-abseiling, to prevent
Only forestope releases landing and hurted sb.'s feelings.
It is steel alloy that the material of drill rod 6 is visited before above-mentioned.
The quantity of above-mentioned penetrating circular hole is more than 5.
Two canopy legs of above-mentioned steel canopy 2 retain 0.1 meter of spacing with left and right lane side respectively.
To more fully understand the technical characterstic of the present invention, now with the holding Group Co., Ltd's Taiping coalmine second mining of Shandong Shandong Thailand
Exemplified by the gate road driving of area 303 times, it is illustrated.
Embodiment 1
Taiping coalmine second mining area basic condition is as follows：
6301 working faces produce the t of raw coal 79.2 ten thousand altogether from November, 1998 in November, 2000；
6303 working face in October, 2001 in September, 2002 produces the t of raw coal 88.2 ten thousand altogether；
6305 working face in March, 2000 in May, 2002 produces the t of raw coal 67.5 ten thousand altogether；
6307 2 months in the Septembers, 2001 of working face 2001 produce the t of raw coal 46.9 ten thousand altogether.
It is about 107.1 ten thousand t by calculating second mining area residual recoverable reserves.
The gate road of second mining area 303 times is in the range of former 6305 working face.It is discarded in and adopts after the back production of 6305 working faces
The remaining coal seam thickness of dead zone is 0~5m, average 3m, belongs to regular coal seam, simple in construction, hardness factor f=2.5, underlying seam
In contain one layer of unstable clay rock horsestone, thickness 0~0.68m, f=3, it is lower with 6 coal facies away from 44.08m.
Crossheading is constructed along seat earth, local passing fault or is influenceed by back production by stone head of constructing.
Gate road design length 573m (flat away from), the length of service 2 years second mining area 303 times.
During second mining, used main material：
1st, reel wire is joined：Top is diamond mesh, and specification is length × wide=2000 × 1000mm.Net will connect to stubble
Connect, connected between adjacent two pieces of nets with 16# iron wires, tie point will be evenly arranged, 100~200mm of spacing.Rhombus net mesh sheet thickness
14~20mm, mesh sheet unevenness≤20mm should be without bite mark, without dropout；Plastic wire the key technical indexes：Drawn per linear meter(lin.m.) horizontal (vertical) direction
Intensity >=30KN/m is stretched, per linear meter(lin.m.) horizontal (vertical) direction tensile elongation≤25%.
2nd, steel canopy：11# H steel ladder shape support for mine use, the net long 2.6m of capplce；The long 2.6m of canopy leg.
3rd, timber wedge：Made by hard timber, the basil is 15 °.
4th, forestope：Two length 3400mm π section steel beams.
5th, hydraulic prop：2 DW25 (DW28) type hydraulic props, coordinate cap (0.1 × 0.1 × 1.2m3)。
6th, blasted material：Explosive：Use two grades of emulsion explosive for coal mine, specification：Often roll up weight 0.2kg；
Detonator：From allowed for use in coal mines millisecond delay electric detonator, segment number is 1~5 section, and the extension time of final stage must not exceed 130ms；
Exploder：Using the mining capacitor blasting machine of FD200 or FD200T moulded coals, exploder should cleaned, dried, without sulfide, nothing
Deposited at poisonous substance, and have special messenger's keeping；Blow out bus：" mobile light type cabtyre flexible cable for coal mines ", model are allotted using ore deposit
MYQ-0.3/0.5 (1.0~2.5) mm2, must not have exposed joint, forbid to be blown out with fixed bus.
Before the gate road tunneling construction of second mining area 303 times, material therefor is standby complete.To strengthen Roof Control, the tunnelling
The middle construction principle using " short drilling depth, weak blast, microvariations ".When tunnel chance top plate coal and rock soft broken is serious, then use
The construction principle of " fore-support, standing, cultivation leg back of the body side ".
Below the gate road driving concrete construction method of second mining area 303 times：
In the gate road of second mining area 303 times, in front of driving face at 0.1 meter, steel canopy is set up；
Using wind coal borer, keep its drilling rod to sequentially pass through in the horizontal direction and equidistantly opened up on forestope steel canopy capplce web
5 penetrating circular holes, the integrality for the top plate that do not existed together according to tunnel can increase the quantity (at least five) of penetrating circular hole, in pick
Enter on working face to make a call to 5 drill rod eyes；Drill rod eye eye is deep 1.5 meters.Then, drill rod will be visited before 5 respectively through corresponding each
Penetrating circular hole, and corresponding drill rod intraocular is hammered into, top plate is played a supporting role in protection during for explosion；
In the region beyond above-mentioned drill rod now 0.3 meter of side, if beating borehole, snubber 4, reliever 11, periphery
Eye 21, base angle eye 9, totally 45 boreholes.Using tunneling boring powder charge serial ignition of perforating into lane, borehole eye distance is
After 0.5 meter, 1.0 meters deeply of borehole eye, filling explosive, explosion is ignited；
Per explosion cyclic advance 1.0m, after the completion of explosion, after confirmed site safety is without danger, drill rod is visited before extracting out, and
Strengthening Roof supporting, then carry out looking for top, and the crag and stone living of suspension are removed in time；
The gate road driving face coal petrography wall cementing properties of second mining area 303 times is poor, coal wall caving, top plate leakage cash occurs and shows
As being emitted to avoid driving face unsupported back span from causing top plate to take out greatly, first spreading landing net；Long timber is coordinated to join with hydraulic prop again
Top net jack-up, hydraulic prop should be clashed to roadway head direction, to ensure that landing net can seal top plate, wrap heading driver
Make face top rib.
Then two forestopes are elapsed forward until its end is away from the new driving face 0.1m positions formed after explosion
Place, then on forestope, shelves new capplce, shelves another capplce for opening up penetrating circular hole, new to set about installing a frame
Steel canopy.The capplce that penetrating circular hole is opened up in former first setting steel-shelf is now substituted for common capplce, such two open up penetrating
The capplce of circular hole is used alternatingly；Before this operation and in operation process, tap at any time, and as needed, timely use
Long handle instrument disposes crag that may be present or stone living；Timber wedge is squeezed into the contact surface of the capplce and forestope, so that the canopy
The upper surface of beam holds out against back；
Then, start drag conveyor, by manually shoveling the coal being caving and spoil to drag conveyor respectively, transport lane
Road；After the coal and spoil being caving are cleaned out, the installation of two canopy legs of above-mentioned new steel canopy is carried out, until steel frame has been set
Finish, steel canopy spacing is 1.0m, the permanent support formed at the roadway position.So circulation, until the gate road of second mining area 303 times
Driving is finished, and position is respectively formed permanent support.
Practical condition shows：
In whole 303 times gate road tunneling processes in second mining area, do not occur the security incidents such as roof caving, falling rocks, institute
Permanent support security, the good reliability of formation.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of disaster type tunnelling method in goaf, it is characterised in that：Roadway support is carried out using steel canopy；Constructed
Cheng Zhong, coordinates suspension type forestope to carry out top plate gib using preceding spy drill rod；
The steel canopy is fabricated structure, and overall is in " ∏ " font, and quantity is some；Each setting steel-shelf include two canopy legs and
A piece capplce；Wherein, the upper surface of steel canopy capplce is contacted with back, supports top plate；
The canopy leg and capplce are I-steel, on the lower surface of each capplce, are provided with two caliper brake Apparatus for hanging articles；
The forestope is a π section steel beams, and the caliper brake Apparatus for hanging articles more than former and later two is hung in the lower section of capplce, preceding spy
Beam retains 0.1-0.2 meters of spacing between that one end end of driving face and driving face；
A number of steel canopy into being sequentially arranged in digging laneway at equal intervals, and with the driving forward of driving face,
New steel canopy constantly is set up in the anterior position of that setting steel-shelf near driving face, and so on circulation is carried out；
With the relative distance distance with driving face for principle of ordering, that setting steel-shelf near driving face is first
Frame；First setting steel-shelf is pushing ahead with driving face, is constantly become by the dynamic that new steel canopy replaces
Change process；
On the web of above-mentioned first capplce, a number of penetrating circular hole is equidistantly offered, is only needed in tunneling process
Two open up penetrating circular hole capplce；
Concrete construction method, comprises the following steps：
The first step, in tunnel, sets up steel canopy at 0.1-0.2 meters in front of driving face；
Second step, using electric coal drill, keeps its drilling rod to sequentially pass through above-mentioned each penetrating circular hole in the horizontal direction, in driving face
It is upper to beat a number of drill rod eye；
Wherein, 1.5-1.8 meters of drill rod eye eye depth, preceding 1.8-2.0 meters of drill rod length of spy, the quantity and above-mentioned penetrating circular hole of drill rod eye
Quantity is equal；
Then, a number of preceding spy drill rod is passed through into corresponding each penetrating circular hole respectively, and hammers into corresponding drill rod eye
It is interior, top plate is played a supporting role in protection during for explosion；
3rd step, it is square now in above-mentioned drill rod, beyond 0.5 meter, a number of borehole is beaten, using perforating of tunneling boring once
Powder charge serial ignition is into lane, and borehole eye distance is 0.3-0.5 meters, borehole 1.2-1.4 meters of depth of eye, loads after explosive, ignites explosion；
Per 1.0-1.1 meters of explosion cyclic advance, after the completion of explosion, after confirmed site safety is without danger, drill rod is visited before extracting out, and
Strengthening Roof supporting, then carry out looking for top, and the crag and stone living of suspension are removed in time；
Look for after the completion of top, spread landing net；
4th step, coordinates long timber by landing net jack-up, hydraulic prop should be clashed to roadway head side using hydraulic prop
To, to ensure that landing net can seal top plate, wrap driving face top rib, then elapse two forestopes forward until
Its end away from 0.1~0.2 meter of position of new driving face formed after explosion at, then in the front of former first setting steel-shelf, preceding
Visit on beam, another capplce for opening up penetrating circular hole is shelved, to set about installing the new steel canopy of a frame；Now former first setting steel-shelf
In open up the capplce of penetrating circular hole and be substituted for common capplce, such two capplces for opening up penetrating circular hole are used alternatingly, it is ensured that
There are two capplces for opening up penetrating circular hole in tunneling process；Before this operation and in operation process, tap at any time,
And as needed, timely use long handle instrument and dispose crag that may be present or stone living；
After above-mentioned another capplce is shelved in place, timber wedge is squeezed into the contact surface of the capplce and forestope, so that the capplce
Upper surface holds out against back；
Then, start drag conveyor, by manually shoveling the coal being caving and spoil to drag conveyor respectively, transport tunnel；
After the coal and spoil being caving are cleaned out, the installation of two canopy legs of above-mentioned new steel canopy is carried out, until steel frame is set
Finish, the permanent support formed at the roadway position；
5th step, repeats the above-mentioned first step to the 3rd step, until whole tunnel position is respectively formed permanent support.
2. disaster type tunnelling method in goaf according to claim 1, it is characterised in that two adjacent steel
Spacing between canopy is 1-1.6 meters.
3. disaster type tunnelling method in goaf according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in inclined shaft
Under the conditions of, in the hanging and moving process of forestope, in addition it is also necessary to forestope is fastened and is fixed on corresponding with the use of anti-abseiling
Capplce on, to prevent forestope releases landing from hurting sb.'s feelings.
4. disaster type tunnelling method in goaf according to claim 1, it is characterised in that drill rod is visited before described
Material is steel alloy.
5. disaster type tunnelling method in goaf according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the penetrating circular hole
Quantity be more than 5.
6. according to disaster type tunnelling method in any described goafs of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that the steel
Two canopy legs of canopy retain 0.1 meter of spacing with left and right lane side respectively.
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| CN105971643B (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2017-11-17 | 安徽金联地矿科技有限公司 | A kind of underground ballistic support device |
| CN106968676B (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2019-12-17 | 山西潞安环保能源开发股份有限公司 | Method for tunneling through cavity |
| CN107386978B (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2023-11-03 | 安徽理工大学 | Triaxial slitting, drilling and rock breaking device for coal mine rock roadway |
| CN110029995B (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2020-05-12 | 中国矿业大学 | Close-distance coal seam up-down successive collaborative mining excavation and taking-over design method |
| CN109838237B (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2020-01-03 | 中国矿业大学 | Close-distance coal seam up-down successive-replacing collaborative mining method |
| CN114086984B (en) * | 2021-11-28 | 2022-07-22 | 安徽太平矿业有限公司 | Ruin digging and branch digging process for polar broken surrounding rock roadway |
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| CN101812999A (en) * | 2009-02-24 | 2010-08-25 | *** | Telescopic type front canopy support |
| CN102425438A (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2012-04-25 | 大同煤矿集团有限责任公司 | Supporting method of laneway under multiple goafs in ultra-close coal seam group |
| CN202360114U (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2012-08-01 | 洛阳龙门煤业有限公司 | Pi-type forepoling bar fixing device for H-shaped steel shed supports |
| CN202718691U (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2013-02-06 | 河南永华能源有限公司 | Shed erecting and beam mounting device for pi-shaped steel shed used in tunnel of coal mine |
| CN203223228U (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2013-10-02 | 平顶山天安煤业股份有限公司 | Coal mine roadway supporting and reinforcing structure |
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