CN1056393A - Composite conductive polymer electric heating body with flexible and thermostatic characteristics - Google Patents

Composite conductive polymer electric heating body with flexible and thermostatic characteristics Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1056393A
CN1056393A CN90102752A CN90102752A CN1056393A CN 1056393 A CN1056393 A CN 1056393A CN 90102752 A CN90102752 A CN 90102752A CN 90102752 A CN90102752 A CN 90102752A CN 1056393 A CN1056393 A CN 1056393A
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China
Prior art keywords
electric heating
powder
heating body
rubber
plasticizer
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Pending
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CN90102752A
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霍玉云
曾宪富
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HUAYUAN ELECTROTHERMIC APPARATUS FACTORY GUANGZHOU CITY
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HUAYUAN ELECTROTHERMIC APPARATUS FACTORY GUANGZHOU CITY
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Priority to CN90102752A priority Critical patent/CN1056393A/en
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10Process efficiency

Abstract

A kind of composite conductive polymer electric heating body with flexible and thermostatic characteristics, this electric heating body adopt a kind of composite polymer material to make resistive layer, cover insulating barrier on as required can be under resistive layer, add casing play in the surface or the inside of heater.Resistive layer material of the present invention mainly is to form through sulfuration (or curing) with the conductive filler that the polymer matrix material adds 15%-60%, the thermostatic electrothermal plate of making, the constant temperature electric heating film, when the constant temperature electric heating piece is used for various constant temperature electric heating electrical equipment, can remove or simplify special-purpose temperature automatically controlled equipment, and have easy machine-shaping, can be made into large tracts of land and arbitrary shape, excellent comprehensive performances such as heat-transfer effect is good, and in light weight, cost is low.

Description

Composite conductive polymer electric heating body with flexible and thermostatic characteristics
The invention belongs to electric heating body material and structure technology, relate to structure and the manufacturing process of making to have the electric heating body of constant temperature and flexible characteristic with conductive polymeric composite.
Electric-heating technology application broadness, can be as thermo electric material metal, alloy and metallic compound thermo electric material and non-metal electrothermal material arranged, the above-mentioned thermo electric material that uses can be made the thermostatical heating element except that the PTC pottery at present, all the other materials all do not have thermostatic characteristics, above material does not all have flexible, and what make large tracts of land and arbitrary shape is difficult with constant temperature, flexible electric heating body.U.S. Pat 4247756 proposes a kind of technical scheme of being vulcanized the heating floor that constitutes by rubber layer and middle carbon black conductive rubber heat-generating units layer up and down together, its rubber conductive exothermal unit has certain flexibility, but reason owing to the material prescription formation, do not have thermostatic characteristics, thereby this heating floor need adorn thermostat in addition, just can make heating floor have the constant temperature function.
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of novel electric heating body that thermostatic characteristics and flexible composite conductive polymer (or claiming polymer composite) material constitute that self has, can remove or simplify special-purpose temperature automatically controlled equipment when making it directly apply to various constant temperature electric heating utensil.
The present invention adopts following technical proposal: electric heating body can be made into tabular membranaceous or block according to the needs of application, form thermostatic electrothermal plate, constant temperature electric heating film or constant temperature electric heating piece, heat resistance layer wherein is sealed with conductive electrode, electric heating body can topped insulating outer layer, also can not topped insulating outer layer, general when supply power voltage topped insulating outer layer when 50V is above, can not topped insulating outer layer when 50V is following, heat resistance layer adopts conductive polymeric composite (or claiming polymer composite), this material is matrix with the high polymer, include conductive filler, its composition composition is the 15%-60%(percentage by weight that conductive filler accounts for the polymer matrix material).Above-mentioned polymer matrix material and conductive filler are equipped with suitable adjuvants, or (with) coupling agent promptly forms through mixing, die mould, moulding, sulfuration (or curing) required has flexible and composite polymer resistive layer thermostatic characteristics.
The formula range of above-mentioned composite polymer material is the key of the decision mechanical property of materials and electrical property, when the content of conductive filler 15%(percentage by weight less than the polymer matrix material) time, the resistivity of polymer composite is too high, thereby power is low too, when the conductive fill agent content greater than high polymer material 60%(percentage by weight) time, polymer composite resistivity is too low, and the material thermostatic characteristics disappears the mechanical strength reduction.When accounting for the 20%-50% of polymer matrix material with the content of conductive filler during actual the use, the machinery of the polymer composite that is obtained and electrical property are the most suitable.
In polymer composite material prescription of the present invention, add an amount of low molecule organic matter plasticizer, can make material obtain more tangible thermostatic characteristics, the consumption of general low molecule organic matter accounts for the 2-20% of polymer matrix, and all is weight percentage with 6-12%() optimum.But used low molecule organic matter oil is a plasticizer, as the branch gold-plating oil of machine oil, bobbin oil, transformer oil, diesel oil, heavy oil, oil plant, pitch, paraffin, Petropols, industrial fat etc., also coal tar is plasticizer, as coal tar, coumarone indene resin etc.; Also pine tar is a plasticizer, and as pine tar, rosin, disproportionated rosin etc., also fat oil is plasticizer such as ointment, glycerine, various vegetable and animals oils and modified product thereof, stearic acid, oleic acid etc.; Also synthetic plasticizer such as various synthetic fat.
The used polymer matrix material of the present invention can adopt the chemical modification thing of rubber or rubber, the also blend or the thermoplastic elastomer of rubber and plastics, said elastomeric material can be synthetic rubber or (with) natural rubber or (with) reclaimed rubber, also can be rubber and (comprise synthetic rubber, natural rubber, reclaimed rubber.Down with) the chemical modification thing, also rubber or (with) the chemical modification thing and the plastics of rubber (comprise resin.Down with) etc. the blend or the hotting mask elastomer of polymer.Said chemical modification comprises chlorosulfonation, halogenation, nitrated, grafting etc.
The elastomeric material of the polymer matrix of above-mentioned said manufacturing composite polymer electric heating body can be solid rubber or liquid rubber or caoutchoid, especially rubber polymer or its latex, particularly neoprene, polychloroprene latex, neoprene cement, silicon rubber or liquid silastic.
But conductive filler granularity of the present invention be 100 orders-500 purpose conducting particles or (with) length is 0.2-10mm, diameter is 5-200 μ m, draw ratio is at the conductive fiber below 80, said particulate materials can be carbon black, synthetic graphite, native graphite, modified graphite, metal powder, alloyed powder, the metal composite powder, metal and non-metal compound powder, metal and compound complex powder, the nonmetallic compound powder, the mixture of one or more conducting particless of list in the organo-metallic compound powder, said conductive fiber can be carbon fiber, graphite fibre, metallic fiber, the mixture of one or more conductive fibers of list in the alloy fiber.But above-mentioned said metal powder, metallic fiber silver powder, nickel powder, copper powder and filament thereof, said alloyed powder, alloy fiber are Ni-based, copper base, fe-based alloy powder and filament thereof; But said metal composite powder Al contained Ni; But said metal and non-metal compound powder nickel coated graphite powder; But said metal and compound complex powder nickel coated aluminium oxide powder, nickel bag diatomite in powder, nickel bag zirconia powder, nickel bag tungsten carbide powder, nickel bag calcium fluoride powder, nickel bag molybdenum disulphide powder; But said nonmetallic compound powder heavily-doped semiconductor silica flour, carborundum powder; But said metallic compound powder tungsten carbide powder; But said organo-metallic compound powder carbonyl nickel powder.
Polymer composite of the present invention can adopt various conventional method manufacturings, method commonly used has: (1) is with behind the rubber plastic steelmaking or behind rubber and the plastic blend, sneak into conductive filler, low molecule organic matter plasticizer and other proper assistant, mixing back calendering or extrusion, moulding, sulfuration; (2) with behind the rubber plastic steelmaking or behind rubber and the plastic blend, sneak into conductive filler, low molecule organic matter plasticizer and other auxiliary agents, mixing back slice is beaten rubber cement with solvent again, cast molding then, or scrape slurry or swabbing or spraying, treat the solvent evaporates after cure; (3) liquid rubber adds each analog assistant, conductive filler, mixes the back cast molding, or curing forms after blade coating or spraying or the brushing.Above-mentioned three kinds of method for makings all can add conductive filler when compounding rubber, add coupling agent in the time of low molecule organic matter plasticizer and various auxiliary agent, perhaps conductive filler are carried out preliminary treatment with coupling agent earlier, mix in rubber or rubber blend matrix again.
Used auxiliary agent is the conventional vulcanizing agent that adopts in ordinary rubber and the plastics industry, vulcanization accelerator, vulcanization accelerator additive, softening dispersant, reinforcing filler, age resistor, antioxidant, stabilizer, chain extender etc. in the polymer composite manufacture process, and coupling agent also is the conventional used coupling agent of industry.The consumption of various auxiliary agents and coupling agent can add by industrial conventional amount used.
The resistive layer of electric heating body of the present invention can make one or more layers, and the interlayer of multilayer resistive layer should have insulating barrier.Its conductive electrode like this sealing-in on resistive layer, the one, in the electric heating body manufacturing, before the polymer composite resistive layer solidifies, stick on wherein, the one, it is sticking thereon with electrode with electroconductive binder to solidify the back at the polymer composite resistive layer.Used electrode can adopt conductive metal sheet or metal wire or wire netting.
The present invention is for strengthening the intensity of made electric heating body, can casing play be set in the surface or the inside of electric heating body, said casing play can be made of fiber or fabric, and its fiber or fabric comprise natural fiber and fabric thereof, chemical fibre and fabric thereof.
The insulating barrier of electric heating body (interlayer insulating film that comprises external insulation layer, multilayer resistive layer) can adopt rubber insulation, also can use the rubber and plastic insulating barrier, also can also can use plastic insulating layer with thermoplastic elastic body insulated layer.Said insulating barrier can vulcanize together or solidify and forms an integral body with resistive layer.
The advantage of using the electric heating body of manufacturing of the present invention is tangible, not only material itself has good deflecting performance but also in use itself have thermostatic characteristics, complete machine needn't add thermostat in addition, this has just simplified the structure of complete machine greatly, in scope provided by the invention according to the macromolecular material matrix, conductive filler, the kind of low molecule organic matter plasticizer, the prescription of consumption and the thickness of electric heating body, area design, can form electrical property and mechanical performances such as required electrical power and constant temperature point, electric heating body of the present invention also has the machine-shaping of being easy to, can be made into large tracts of land and arbitrary shape, heat-transfer effect is good, in light weight, corrosion-resistant, excellent comprehensive performances such as cost is low.
The present invention can be extensive use of in various constant temperature electric heating utensils, be included in the constant temperature thermal protection box of family expenses, the constant temperature incubator of the warming electric heating clothes of constant temperature, electric heating shoes, electric heating cap, Electric heating bed mattress, animals and plants (comprising the baby), physiotherapy also can be as the constant temperature electric heating devices of anti-fog filter, antifog glass etc. with application such as thermostatic electric heater, electric mosquito heaters.
Fig. 1 to Fig. 4 is the project organization schematic diagram of four kinds of electric heating bodies.
(1) is the composite polymer resistive layer among the figure, and (2) are electrode, and (3) are casing play, and (4) are insulating barrier.
Below be the formation formulation Example (each composition is all with listed as parts by weight) of several polymer composites of the present invention:
Embodiment one
100 parts of neoprenes (universal)
Carbon black 40-60 part
2 parts of stearic acid (dispersant)
Paraffin (plasticizer) 2-12 part
5 parts in zinc oxide (vulcanizing agent)
4 parts of light magnesium oxides (vulcanizing agent)
Embodiment two
100 parts of neoprenes (universal)
Copper fiber 15-40 part
2 parts of stearic acid (dispersant)
Paraffin (plasticizer) 2-12 part
5 parts in zinc oxide (vulcanizing agent)
4 parts of light magnesium oxides (vulcanizing agent)
Embodiment three
100 parts in silicon rubber
50 parts of carbonyl nickel powders
DCP coupling agent 10-20 part
Embodiment four
100 parts of neoprene cements (natural vulcanization)
Nickel bag zirconia powder 40-60 part
Embodiment five
80 parts of cis-butadiene cements
20 parts of natural gums
30 parts of polyvinyl chloride
Carbon black 50-75 part
2 parts of stearic acid (plasticizer)
10 parts in paraffin (plasticizer)
0.5 part of DCP coupling agent
2 parts of sulphur (vulcanizing agent)
1.5 parts of accelerant C E
5 parts in zinc oxide (promotion auxiliary agent)
Stearic acid is (stabilizer) 0.36 part by the emperor himself
0.24 part of cadmium stearate (stabilizer)
Embodiment six
100 parts of terminal hydroxy group polybutadiene (liquid glue)
Graphite 40-50 part
Carbon black 5-10 part
The TDI(2.4 toluene diisocyanate) (coupling agent) 16.8 parts
0.5 part of stannous octoate (coupling agent)
1 part in antioxidant
Chain extender N, N '-=18.4 parts of (2-hydroxypropyl) aniline

Claims (11)

1, a kind of electric heating body, can be tabular membranaceous or block, has the resistive layer that one or more layers is sealed with electrode, the interlayer of multilayer resistive layer is separated with insulating barrier, electric heating body is topped an insulating outer layer, also can not topped insulating barrier, it is characterized in that resistive layer is by being matrix with the high polymer, the conductive polymeric composite that includes conductive filler constitutes, and the conductive fill agent content accounts for the 15%-60% (percentage by weight) of polymer matrix material.
2, electric heating body according to claim 1, it is characterized in that composite conductive polymer be polymer matrix and conductive filler be equipped with auxiliary agent or (with) coupling agent forms through mixing, die mould, moulding, sulfuration (or curing).
3, by claim 1 or 2 described electric heating bodies, it is characterized in that also being added with in the said polymer matrix low molecule organic matter plasticizer, the low molecule organic matter plasticizer loading accounts for the 2-20%(percentage by weight of polymer matrix material).
4, by the described electric heating body of claim 1, but it is characterized in that the chemical modification thing or the reclaimed rubber of said polymer matrix material rubber or rubber, also rubber and inorganic filler plastic blending material or thermoplastic elastomer.
5, by claim 1 or 2 described electric heating bodies, it is characterized in that the polymer matrix material of making the composite polymer electric heating body can be solid rubber or liquid rubber or caoutchoid, especially rubber polymer or its latex, particularly neoprene, polychloroprene latex, neoprene cement, silicon rubber or liquid silastic.
6, by the described electric heating body of claim 1, but it is characterized in that said conductive filler granularity be 100 orders-500 purpose conducting particles or (with) length is 0.2-10mm, diameter is 5-200 μ m, draw ratio is at the conductive fiber below 80, said particulate materials can be carbon black, synthetic graphite, native graphite, modified graphite, metal powder, alloyed powder, the metal composite powder, metal and non-metal compound powder, metal and compound complex powder, the nonmetallic compound powder, the mixture of one or more conducting particless of list in the organo-metallic compound powder, said conductive fiber can be carbon fiber, graphite fibre, metallic fiber, the mixture of one or more conductive fibers of list in the alloy fiber.
7,, it is characterized in that said conducting particles and conductive fiber material can be silver powder, nickel powder, copper powder and filament thereof, Ni-based, copper base, fe-based alloy powder and filament thereof, carbonyl nickel powder, Al contained Ni, nickel coated graphite powder, nickel coated aluminium oxide powder, nickel bag diatomite in powder, nickel bag zirconia powder, nickel bag tungsten carbide powder, nickel bag calcium fluoride powder, nickel bag molybdenum disulphide powder, heavily-doped semiconductor silica flour, carborundum powder, tungsten carbide powder by the described electric heating body of claim 6.
8, by the described electric heating body of claim 3, it is characterized in that it is plasticizer that said low molecule organic matter plasticizer can be oil, can be coal tar is plasticizer, and can be pine tar is plasticizer, and can be fat oil is plasticizer, also can be synthetic ester plasticiser.
9,, it is characterized in that said low molecule organic matter plasticizer can be the branch gold-plating oil of machine oil, bobbin oil, transformer oil, diesel oil, heavy oil, oil plant, pitch, paraffin, Petropols, industrial fat, coal tar, coumarone indene resin, pine tar, rosin, disproportionated rosin, ointment, glycerine, stearic acid, oleic acid, synthetic ester by the described electric heating body of claim 8.
10, by the described electric heating body of claim 1, it is characterized in that said insulating barrier can be rubber or modified rubber thing or plastics, also can be rubber blend or thermoplastic elastomer.
11, by the described electric heating body of claim 1, it is characterized in that the surface of this heater or inside can be provided with fiber or fabric casing play.
CN90102752A 1990-05-08 1990-05-08 Composite conductive polymer electric heating body with flexible and thermostatic characteristics Pending CN1056393A (en)

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CN90102752A CN1056393A (en) 1990-05-08 1990-05-08 Composite conductive polymer electric heating body with flexible and thermostatic characteristics

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1045864C (en) * 1992-06-02 1999-10-20 郭韬 Electrothermal material with constant temp. heat preservation property and its use
CN101816218A (en) * 2007-08-03 2010-08-25 飞斯利德有限两合公司 Surface heating system
CN102775704A (en) * 2011-05-12 2012-11-14 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 Composite dielectric material, its preparation method, plate capacitor and printed circuit board
CN103687104A (en) * 2012-09-14 2014-03-26 滕繁 Preparation method for novel electro-thermal film heating body
CN104159341A (en) * 2014-08-19 2014-11-19 北京新宇阳科技有限公司 Self-temperature-limiting conductive polymer electrothermal film with grounding layer
CN104387642A (en) * 2014-09-25 2015-03-04 昆山伯建精密模具有限公司 Micro-fluidic chip mold
CN105636251A (en) * 2016-02-02 2016-06-01 湖州凯飞龙碳纤维科技有限公司 Carbon ground mat and production process therefor
CN105803294A (en) * 2015-06-04 2016-07-27 卞直先 Electric heating piece generating biological waves after being electrified and preparing method of electric heating piece
CN108112098A (en) * 2016-11-24 2018-06-01 江阴市新亚橡塑制品有限公司 A kind of production method of 12V shield glass snow melt pad
CN108293275A (en) * 2015-11-17 2018-07-17 大日本印刷株式会社 The manufacturing method of heating electrode device, electrified regulation glass, heating board, the vehicles, building window, the piece with electric conductor, conductive pattern piece, electric conductivity heater, laminated glass and electric conductivity heater
CN108472863A (en) * 2016-04-15 2018-08-31 惠普发展公司有限责任合伙企业 3 D-printing heater
CN110725497A (en) * 2019-10-22 2020-01-24 江山欧派门业股份有限公司 Carbon-plastic heating decorative plate and application thereof
US11338774B2 (en) 2014-11-17 2022-05-24 Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. Heating plate, conductive pattern sheet, vehicle, and method of manufacturing heating plate

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1045864C (en) * 1992-06-02 1999-10-20 郭韬 Electrothermal material with constant temp. heat preservation property and its use
CN101816218A (en) * 2007-08-03 2010-08-25 飞斯利德有限两合公司 Surface heating system
CN102775704A (en) * 2011-05-12 2012-11-14 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 Composite dielectric material, its preparation method, plate capacitor and printed circuit board
CN103687104A (en) * 2012-09-14 2014-03-26 滕繁 Preparation method for novel electro-thermal film heating body
CN104159341A (en) * 2014-08-19 2014-11-19 北京新宇阳科技有限公司 Self-temperature-limiting conductive polymer electrothermal film with grounding layer
CN104387642B (en) * 2014-09-25 2016-12-28 李准 A kind of Micro-fluidic chip die
CN104387642A (en) * 2014-09-25 2015-03-04 昆山伯建精密模具有限公司 Micro-fluidic chip mold
US11338774B2 (en) 2014-11-17 2022-05-24 Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. Heating plate, conductive pattern sheet, vehicle, and method of manufacturing heating plate
CN105803294A (en) * 2015-06-04 2016-07-27 卞直先 Electric heating piece generating biological waves after being electrified and preparing method of electric heating piece
CN108293275A (en) * 2015-11-17 2018-07-17 大日本印刷株式会社 The manufacturing method of heating electrode device, electrified regulation glass, heating board, the vehicles, building window, the piece with electric conductor, conductive pattern piece, electric conductivity heater, laminated glass and electric conductivity heater
CN105636251A (en) * 2016-02-02 2016-06-01 湖州凯飞龙碳纤维科技有限公司 Carbon ground mat and production process therefor
CN105636251B (en) * 2016-02-02 2019-11-12 桐乡市桑美纺织有限公司 A kind of carbon ground cushion and its production technology
CN108472863A (en) * 2016-04-15 2018-08-31 惠普发展公司有限责任合伙企业 3 D-printing heater
US11064572B2 (en) 2016-04-15 2021-07-13 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. 3-dimensional printed heater
CN108112098A (en) * 2016-11-24 2018-06-01 江阴市新亚橡塑制品有限公司 A kind of production method of 12V shield glass snow melt pad
CN110725497A (en) * 2019-10-22 2020-01-24 江山欧派门业股份有限公司 Carbon-plastic heating decorative plate and application thereof
CN110725497B (en) * 2019-10-22 2021-03-26 江山欧派门业股份有限公司 Carbon-plastic heating decorative plate and application thereof

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