CN105631845A - Method and system for extracting elliptic target - Google Patents
Method and system for extracting elliptic target Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for extracting an elliptic target. The method comprises the following steps of: acquiring an ultrasonic image; extracting an image feature of the ultrasonic image in order to obtain a feature image; extracting a coarse positioning point range from the feature image; and extracting the elliptic target from the coarse positioning point range. The method and system for extracting the elliptic target automatically extract the elliptic target from ultrasonic image, avoids a step of manually tracing an ellipse, and increase image extraction efficiency. The invention also provides a system for extracting an elliptic target.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to medical treatment detection field, particularly relate to a kind of elliptical object extracting method and system.
Background technology
Ultrasonic instrument is generally used for observing the internal organizational structure of human body, and operation probe is placed on the skin surface that human body is corresponding by user, it is possible to obtain the ultrasonoscopy at this position. in conventional Ultrasound detects, user typically requires the border of Manual description interesting target to obtain the length of interesting target, the index such as girth or area, in order to save the time of description, target for some shape matching rules, with some models, target would generally be similar to, such as, head circumference in obstetric examination, abdominal circumference is generally all described with ellipse, and femur is long, biparietal diameters etc. are all described with line segment, portion of time can be saved by model simplification, but user remains a need for expending many energy on measuring, especially elliptical object, for head circumference, user first passes through trace ball and mouse moves to skull ring of light side, after first point of confirming button point, again mouse is moved to other side, by the axle obtaining ellipse after determining a little second point, then move mouse again and adjust the length of another axle, centre also tends to also to revise two points determined before, until it is oval by fetal skull anastomotic site, one-shot measurement generally requires a little a lot of points just can make oval and measured structure coincide. meanwhile, the accuracy of measurement also depends on the careful degree of user operation, there is certain subjectivity, and different users's measurement result may exist bigger difference, and the result that even same user different time is surveyed all can there are differences.
Summary of the invention
There is provided a kind of and automatically extract ellipse target, saving extraction time, the elliptical object extracting method improving measurement operation repeatability and system.
A kind of elliptical object extracting method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps,
Obtain ultrasonoscopy;
Extract the characteristics of image of ultrasonoscopy to obtain characteristic image;
Coarse positioning point range is extracted in described characteristic image;
Elliptical object is extracted in described coarse positioning point range.
Further, further comprising the steps of after obtaining ultrasonoscopy, ultrasonoscopy pretreatment.
Further, further comprising the steps of when extracting elliptical object in described coarse positioning point range, export elliptical object parameter, show elliptical object image.
It is further, when the characteristics of image of extraction ultrasonoscopy is to obtain characteristic image, further comprising the steps,
The target's center of ultrasonoscopy is set;
Ask for the gradient relative to described target's center of every bit in ultrasonoscopy to obtain characteristic image.
It is further, when extracting coarse positioning point range in described characteristic image, further comprising the steps,
Coarse positioning annulus position is obtained in described characteristic image;
Extract the doughnut picture of described coarse positioning annulus;
Extract in described doughnut picture brightness more than the coarse positioning point range of luminance threshold.
Further, when obtaining coarse positioning annulus position in described characteristic image, taking the highest annulus of the luminance level with predetermined width is coarse positioning annulus.
Further, when extracting elliptical object in described coarse positioning point range, method of least square is adopted to obtain the elliptic equation x of elliptical object in described coarse positioning point range2+a��x��y+b��y2(a, b, c, d, e), then by the elliptic equation coefficient of elliptical object, (a, b, c, d e) draw the elliptical object parameter (x of described elliptical object to the elliptic equation coefficient of+c x+d y+e=01, y1, l, s, ��), wherein, elliptical center coordinate is (x1, y1), transverse length is l, ellipse short shaft length is s, and the anglec of rotation of elliptical object is ��.
It is further, when extracting elliptical object in described coarse positioning point range, further comprising the steps,
Initializing accumulator is 0;
In coarse positioning point range, randomly choose at most 5 points, the coordinate of the point randomly selected is substituted into elliptic equation x2+a��x��y+b��y2In+c x+d y+e=0, solve draw elliptic equation coefficient (a, b, c, d, e);
Judge whether the coefficient of elliptic equation meets b-a2> 0, the elliptical object that then this elliptic equation is corresponding in this way is effectively oval, and asks for the elliptical object parameter (x of this elliptical object1, y1, l, s, ��) and enter next step; Ellipse as corresponding in otherwise this elliptic equation is invalid ellipse, then return previous step and again randomly choose 5 points in coarse positioning point range; Wherein, elliptical center coordinate is (x1, y1), transverse length is l, ellipse short shaft length is s, and the anglec of rotation of elliptical object is ��;
Repeat above step to preset times, traveling through the unit of described accumulator, taking parameter corresponding to the maximum unit of counting is final elliptical object elliptic equation coefficient (a, the b extracted, c, d, e), then by the elliptic equation coefficient (a of elliptical object, b, c, d, e) draw the elliptical object parameter (x of described elliptical object1, y1, l, s, ��).
A kind of elliptical object extraction system, including ultrasound image acquisition module, object extraction module,
Described ultrasound image acquisition module is used for obtaining ultrasonic figure;
Described object extraction module includes:
Characteristic image extraction unit, is used for the characteristics of image extracting ultrasonoscopy to obtain characteristic image;
Coarse positioning unit, for obtaining coarse positioning annulus position in described characteristic image;
Annulus image extraction unit, for extracting doughnut picture according to described coarse positioning annulus position in described characteristic image;
Computing unit, for according to described annulus image zooming-out elliptical object.
Further, described elliptical object extraction system is additionally provided with display module, is used for showing elliptical object parameter and elliptical object image.
Further, described elliptical object extraction system also can be provided with pretreatment module, and described pretreatment module is arranged between described ultrasound image acquisition module and described object extraction module, and described pretreatment module is used for pretreatment ultrasonoscopy.
The present invention proposes a kind of elliptical object extraction method and system, can automatically extract ellipse target, saves extraction time, improve and measure operation repeatability. The elliptical object extraction method of the present invention and system automatically extract elliptical object therein based on ultrasonoscopy, reduce the step manually tracing ellipse, improve the extraction efficiency of image.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art will be briefly described below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the premise not paying creative work, it is also possible to obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the elliptical object extraction method schematic flow sheet that better embodiment of the present invention provides;
The direction gradient that Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is the elliptical object extraction method of better embodiment of the present invention solves schematic diagram;
The direction gradient that Fig. 4 is during the elliptical object extraction method extraction head circumference of better embodiment of the present invention solves template schematic diagram;
The elliptical object extraction method that Fig. 5 is better embodiment of the present invention adopts random Hough transformation schematic flow sheet when described point range (X, Y) middle extraction elliptical object;
Fig. 6 is the composition schematic diagram of the elliptical object extraction system that better embodiment of the present invention provides.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments. Based on the embodiment in the present invention, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art obtain under not making creative work premise, broadly fall into the scope of protection of the invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, better embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of elliptical object extraction method, for being extracted by the elliptical object in the ultrasonoscopy obtained by all kinds of ultrasonic instruments.
The elliptical object extraction method of the present invention the first preferred embodiment comprises the following steps:
Step S101, obtains ultrasonoscopy. In this step, all kinds of ultrasonic instruments can be passed through and obtain ultrasonoscopy, consequently facilitating extract the characteristics of image of ultrasonoscopy.
Step S102, ultrasonoscopy pretreatment. This step becomes apparent from for making the structural information of the target characteristic of ultrasonoscopy, in order to image characteristics extraction. It is understood that described ultrasonoscopy pretreatment can adopt applicable prior art as required, such as picture smooth treatment, image anisotropy smoothing processing etc. It is understood that in this method, need to arrange or to cancel setting steps S102 according to actual extracting.
Step S103, extracts the characteristics of image of ultrasonoscopy to obtain characteristic image. In this step, ultrasonoscopy can be made to be converted into contrast by the extraction of characteristics of image and become apparent from, be more easy to the characteristic image of quantitative analysis. Namely through the ultrasonoscopy of image characteristics extraction be characteristic image. The characteristics of image method of described ultrasonoscopy can be arranged voluntarily according to the extraction object (abdominal circumference, head circumference etc.) of elliptical object.
In the present embodiment, described step S103 further includes steps of
Step S1031, arranges the target's center of ultrasonoscopy. In the present embodiment, for elliptical object fetus head circumference typical in ultrasonic and abdominal circumference, fetus head circumference and abdominal circumference are all measure the items conventional in antenatal generation, need to measure the girth of head circumference and abdominal circumference clinically, calculate the pregnant week of fetus with this. Head circumference and abdominal circumference all show as the elliptical object with clear boundary. Therefore in this step, the coordinate of target's center is first obtained. Owing to extracting of direction gradient is not high for the status requirement of the target's center as initial point, therefore only need target in target internal. Target's center also can select voluntarily. In the present embodiment, it is generally the case that only need to ensure that described target's center is contained in target internal.
Step S1032, asks for the gradient relative to described target's center of every bit in ultrasonoscopy to obtain characteristic image. It is illustrated in figure 2 direction gradient and solves schematic diagram, assume that in figure, red spots is target's center's coordinate, with this point for initial point, whole image is divided into 4 angularly modules, I, II, III and IV part in figure, every part makes convolution by module corresponding in figure at every, convolution results a little namely obtain a width characteristic image. The convolution of the point in the present invention refer to centered by this point and the size such as template image-region and template corresponding point product and, namely
Wherein, I is the image treating convolution, and M is convolution mask, and W, H are width and the height of template, and F is convolution results. It is understood that ultrasonoscopy also can be divided into multiple angularly part. As it is shown on figure 3, ultrasonoscopy is divided into 8 angularly parts, corresponding template increases by 4 to Angle formwork.
From Fig. 2,3 it can be seen that, the present embodiment adopt template be template shown in Fig. 4 at the rotational deformation of different directions: it should be noted that, template in the present embodiment is merely illustrative, and similar various template operator and rotational deformation thereof can reach close effect. Such as Prewitt operator, Sobel operator, Lapacian operator, Dog operator etc.
It is understood that the prior art that described characteristic image can adopt arbitrarily other uses is extracted. Ratio adopts Canny operator that input picture is carried out edge extracting, and the edge obtained can also be the feature in this step. Canny operator edge extraction techniques is prior art, is not described in detail in this.
Step S104, extracts coarse positioning point range in described characteristic image. Owing to elliptical object needs 5 parameters to carry out expressing (central point transverse and longitudinal coordinate, major and minor axis, the anglec of rotation), model is more complicated. Therefore directly ellipse is adopted to position complexity significantly high, and it is difficult to ensure that accuracy. Therefore in the present embodiment, the elliptical object extraction method of the present invention carries out target coarse positioning by extracting annulus in characteristic image, finds out the Position Approximate of elliptical object. Step S104 further includes steps of
Step S1041, obtains coarse positioning annulus position in described characteristic image.
In this step, arbitrary circle (x, y, the luminance level near circumference r) in characteristic image is obtained. Brightness in herein can be the value in characteristic image, it is also possible to is the gray value etc. of input picture itself, can be configured according to actual needs. Wherein said x, y are for representing the coordinate position of described circle, and described r is the radius of described circle. Circle (x, y, the luminance level near circumference r) may be defined as with (x, y) for the center of circle, r is radius, width be T annulus in the brightness of corresponding gray scale sum a little.
In this step, by arranging predetermined width T0, and traversal is all, and (x, y) with institute's likely situation of r, takes the annulus (x that the luminance level with predetermined width is the highest0, y0, r0, T0) for coarse positioning annulus.
In this step, it is possible to coarse positioning result is carried out pre-determined bit step. First position the Position Approximate of target's center's point interested, little range searching near this position. Namely to the central point of annulus, (x, position y) is defined. Separately, due to head circumference, abdominal circumference elliptical object extraction process in. The girth of head circumference and abdominal circumference is usual within the specific limits, therefore, it is possible to the scope of pair radius r is defined, thus reducing traversal scope. By coarse positioning result is carried out pre-determined bit, traversal scope can be reduced, reduce travel time, reduce error probability.
Step S1042, extracts the doughnut picture of described coarse positioning annulus. In step S1042, based on described coarse positioning result annulus (x0, y0, r0, T0), retain in described characteristic image with (x0, y0) for the center of circle, r0For radius, width is less than or equal to for T0The image of interior annulus. And be 0 by remainder assignment in described characteristic image, thus obtaining doughnut picture. Wherein said T0For annular width, can on-demand adjust.
Step S1043, extracts in described doughnut picture brightness more than the coarse positioning point range of luminance threshold. In this step, luminance threshold is set, in described doughnut picture, extracts coarse positioning point range (X, Y) according to luminance threshold. All values in described doughnut picture is constituted coarse positioning point range (X, Y) more than the point of set luminance threshold.
Step S105, extracts elliptical object in described coarse positioning point range (X, Y).
Extract elliptical object and can adopt the mode of the elliptic equation coefficient asking for elliptical object. If the elliptic equation of elliptical object is:
x2+a��x��y+b��y2+ c x+d y+e=0
In the present embodiment, can adopt method of least square obtain in the described coarse positioning point range (X, Y) elliptical object elliptic equation coefficient (a, b, c, d, e). Then by the elliptic equation coefficient of elliptical object, (a, b, c, d e) draw the elliptical object parameter of described elliptical object. The elliptical object parameter of described elliptical object includes: elliptical center coordinate (x1, y1), transverse length l, ellipse short shaft length s, the anglec of rotation �� of elliptical object.
In another embodiment of the invention, when extracting elliptical object in described coarse positioning point range (X, Y), random Hough transformation can be adopted to ask for elliptical object.
Hough transform is generally used to detection and can express and the less curve of parameter with analytic expression, such as straight line, circle etc. But in ellipses detection, owing to parameter is more, directly needing to expend substantial amounts of calculating time and storage resource by Hough transform, random Hough transformation is the mutation of Hough transform, random Hough transformation adopts randomized technique, overcomes the requirement of the high storage resource consuming time and high of Hough transform.
As it is shown in figure 5, adopt random Hough transformation to further include steps of when extracting elliptical object in described coarse positioning point range (X, Y)
Step S1051, first initializing accumulator is 0. The effect of accumulator is the statistics that the various value being likely to occur of parameters carries out occurrence number in cyclic process, can select to use 15 dimension accumulator still to adopt 51 one-dimensional accumulators according to system memory resources. In each accumulator, often the one-dimensional unit number comprised is the number that this dimension parameter is likely to occur value, and the span such as angle parameter is 0��179 degree, then this dimension parameter comprises 180 unit, and each unit is initialized as 0. Equally, oval center point coordinate, major and minor axis size have certain span, arrange the number of this dimension parameters unit according to span.
Step S1052, randomly chooses at most 5 points in coarse positioning point range (X, Y), is substituted in elliptic equation by the coordinate of point randomly selected, solve draw elliptic equation coefficient (a, b, c, d, e).
Step S1053, it is judged that whether the coefficient of elliptic equation meets b-a2> 0, the elliptical object that then this elliptic equation is corresponding in this way is effectively oval, and asks for the elliptical object parameter (x of this elliptical object1, y1, l, s, ��) and enter next step.
Ellipse as corresponding in otherwise this elliptic equation is invalid ellipse, then return step S1052.
Step S1054, cumulative effectively oval elliptical object parameter in accumulator. If what adopt is 15 dimension accumulator, then to the (x in accumulator1, y1, l, s, ��) and element count adds one. If what adopt is the accumulator of 51 dimensions, then respectively to x in 5 accumulators1��y1, l, s, �� unit counting add one respectively.
Step S1055, repeats above step to preset times, travels through the unit of described accumulator, taking parameter corresponding to the maximum unit of counting is the final elliptical object elliptic equation coefficient (a extracted, b, c, d, e), then by elliptic equation coefficient (a, b, the c of elliptical object, d, e) draws the elliptical object parameter of described elliptical object.
In the step S1052 of the present embodiment, choose 5 points every time and substitute into elliptic equation. It is understood that the quantity of the point chosen according to choosing 5 or less than 5, namely can at most be chosen 5 points and substitute into elliptic equation in step S1052. As 3 points can be randomly selected, substitute into elliptic equation, and other 2 points are asked for by the geometric properties of 3 points randomly selected and ellipse. Thus solving of invalid ellipse can be reduced.
Step S106, exports elliptical object parameter, shows elliptical object image. In this step, elliptical object parameter elliptical center coordinate (x can be exported as required1, y1), transverse length l, ellipse short shaft length s, the anglec of rotation of elliptical object is ��. And draw and show elliptical object image in ultrasonoscopy, and other parameters of described elliptical object parameter can be calculated as required, such as the girth etc. of elliptical object.
As shown in Figure 6, the present invention also provides for a kind of elliptical object extraction system, including ultrasound image acquisition module 10, object extraction module 20 and display module 30.
Described ultrasound image acquisition module 10 is used for obtaining ultrasonoscopy. Described ultrasound image acquisition module 10 can adopt ultrasonic probe or other kinds of ultrasonic scanning instrument.
Described object extraction module 20 for extracting elliptical object in ultrasonoscopy, and described object extraction module 20 includes:
Characteristic image extraction unit 21, is used for the characteristics of image extracting ultrasonoscopy to obtain characteristic image.
Coarse positioning unit 22, for obtaining coarse positioning annulus position in described characteristic image.
Annulus image extraction unit 23, for extracting doughnut picture according to described coarse positioning annulus position in described characteristic image.
Computing unit 24, for according to described annulus image zooming-out elliptical object.
Display module 30, is used for showing elliptical object parameter and elliptical object image.
Described elliptical object extraction system also can arrange pretreatment module 40, described pretreatment module 40 is arranged between described ultrasound image acquisition module 10 and described object extraction module 20, described pretreatment module 40 is for pretreatment ultrasonoscopy, consequently facilitating Objective extraction.
The present invention proposes a kind of elliptical object extraction method and system, can automatically extract ellipse target, saves extraction time, improve and measure operation repeatability. The elliptical object extraction method of the present invention and system automatically extract elliptical object therein based on ultrasonoscopy, reduce the step manually tracing ellipse, improve the extraction efficiency of image.
Above disclosed it is only one preferred embodiment of the present invention, certainly the interest field of the present invention can not be limited with this, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of flow process realizing above-described embodiment, and according to the equivalent variations that the claims in the present invention are made, still fall within the scope that invention is contained.
Claims (11)
1. an elliptical object extracting method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps,
Obtain ultrasonoscopy;
Extract the characteristics of image of ultrasonoscopy to obtain characteristic image;
Coarse positioning point range is extracted in described characteristic image;
Elliptical object is extracted in described coarse positioning point range.
2. elliptical object extracting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that further comprising the steps of after obtaining ultrasonoscopy, ultrasonoscopy pretreatment.
3. elliptical object extracting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that further comprising the steps of when extracting elliptical object in described coarse positioning point range, exports elliptical object parameter, shows elliptical object image.
4. elliptical object extracting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that when the characteristics of image of extraction ultrasonoscopy is to obtain characteristic image, further comprising the steps,
The target's center of ultrasonoscopy is set;
Ask for the gradient relative to described target's center of every bit in ultrasonoscopy to obtain characteristic image.
5. elliptical object extracting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that when extracting coarse positioning point range in described characteristic image, further comprising the steps,
Coarse positioning annulus position is obtained in described characteristic image;
Extract the doughnut picture of described coarse positioning annulus;
Extract in described doughnut picture brightness more than the coarse positioning point range of luminance threshold.
6. elliptical object extracting method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that when obtaining coarse positioning annulus position in described characteristic image, taking the highest annulus of the luminance level with predetermined width is coarse positioning annulus.
7. elliptical object extracting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that when extracting elliptical object in described coarse positioning point range, adopts method of least square to obtain the elliptic equation x of elliptical object in described coarse positioning point range2+a��x��y+b��y2(a, b, c, d, e), then by the elliptic equation coefficient of elliptical object, (a, b, c, d e) draw the elliptical object parameter (x of described elliptical object to the elliptic equation coefficient of+c x+d y+e=01, y1, l, s, ��), wherein, elliptical center coordinate is (x1, y1), transverse length is l, ellipse short shaft length is s, and the anglec of rotation of elliptical object is ��.
8. elliptical object extracting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that when extracting elliptical object in described coarse positioning point range, further comprising the steps,
Initializing accumulator is 0;
In coarse positioning point range, randomly choose at most 5 points, the coordinate of the point randomly selected is substituted into elliptic equation x2+a��x��y+b��y2In+c x+d y+e=0, solve draw elliptic equation coefficient (a, b, c, d, e);
Judge whether the coefficient of elliptic equation meets b-a2> 0, the elliptical object that then this elliptic equation is corresponding in this way is effectively oval, and asks for the elliptical object parameter (x of this elliptical object1, y1, l, s, ��) and enter next step; Ellipse as corresponding in otherwise this elliptic equation is invalid ellipse, then return previous step and again randomly choose 5 points in coarse positioning point range; Wherein, elliptical center coordinate is (x1, y1), transverse length is l, ellipse short shaft length is s, and the anglec of rotation of elliptical object is ��;
Repeat above step to preset times, traveling through the unit of described accumulator, taking parameter corresponding to the maximum unit of counting is final elliptical object elliptic equation coefficient (a, the b extracted, c, d, e), then by the elliptic equation coefficient (a of elliptical object, b, c, d, e) draw the elliptical object parameter (x of described elliptical object1, y1, l, s, ��).
9. an elliptical object extraction system, it is characterised in that include ultrasound image acquisition module, object extraction module,
Described ultrasound image acquisition module is used for obtaining ultrasonic figure;
Described object extraction module includes:
Characteristic image extraction unit, is used for the characteristics of image extracting ultrasonoscopy to obtain characteristic image;
Coarse positioning unit, for obtaining coarse positioning annulus position in described characteristic image;
Annulus image extraction unit, for extracting doughnut picture according to described coarse positioning annulus position in described characteristic image;
Computing unit, for according to described annulus image zooming-out elliptical object.
10. elliptical object extraction system as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that described elliptical object extraction system is additionally provided with display module, is used for showing elliptical object parameter and elliptical object image.
11. elliptical object extraction system as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, described elliptical object extraction system also can be provided with pretreatment module, described pretreatment module is arranged between described ultrasound image acquisition module and described object extraction module, and described pretreatment module is used for pretreatment ultrasonoscopy.
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