CN105631123B - The modeling of vehicle window near sound field and window structure optimization method based on linear equivalence - Google Patents
The modeling of vehicle window near sound field and window structure optimization method based on linear equivalence Download PDFInfo
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
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Abstract
The vehicle window near sound field modeling that the present invention relates to a kind of based on linear equivalence and window structure optimization method are the following steps are included: S1: passing through the compression load curve that the test of sealing strip lip compression load obtains sealing strip lip;S2: sealing strip lip is equivalent to based on the function principle of equal effects by discrete linear rigidity spring unit, establishes guide groove sealing strip equivalent constraint model;S3: establishing the threedimensional model of window seal system in conjunction with guide groove sealing strip equivalent constraint model, carries out acoustical behavior analysis to the threedimensional model of window seal system, obtains vehicle window sound transmission loss characteristics curve and the distribution of vehicle window sound pressure level;S4: it is based on sound insulating material mass effect, optimizes the structure of glass for vehicle window.Compared with prior art, the present invention solves the acoustic characteristic proposition glass for vehicle window optimization method that the modeling of sealing strip irregular geometry feature bring is difficult, based on glass for vehicle window under sealing constraint, realizes the vehicle window acoustical behavior optimization towards high-speed silent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to car car window design and manufacturing fields, more particularly, to a kind of nearly sound of vehicle window based on linear equivalence
Field modeling and window structure optimization method.
Background technique
In recent years, with the continuous improvement of car speed, while the drop of engine noise, noise of driving system and tyre noise
Low, high speed wind noise has become one of considerable internal car noise sound source.How to reduce the car as caused by wind noise to make an uproar
Sound is increasingly becoming the important content of car acpistocs design.
Due to the effect of automobile rearview mirror and A column, sidelight areas generates strong vortex, and the wind noise in the region is caused to be asked
It inscribes more prominent compared with other positions.The visual field demand of driver is considered simultaneously, and automobile side-window lacks necessary acoustics and sets
Meter.Therefore, automobile side-window is increasingly becoming wind noise to the predominating path of car transmitting, and acoustical behavior is for automobile ride comfort
Property has critically important influence.
Automobile window glass completes lifting under the effect of contraction of window seal system, and window seal system not only guarantees vehicle
The stability of window glass up-down process, viscoelastic effect of contraction have the acoustic characteristic of glass for vehicle window very big shadow
It rings.Simultaneously as the super elastic characteristics of sealing strip material and its irregular cross sectional shape, so that the vehicle window sound under sealing constraint
Performance value sunykatuib analysis is learned to be difficult to realize.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and provide one kind to be based on linear equivalence
The modeling of vehicle window near sound field and window structure optimization method, it is difficult to solve the modeling of sealing strip irregular geometry feature bring,
Acoustic characteristic based on glass for vehicle window under sealing constraint proposes glass for vehicle window optimization method, realizes towards high-speed silent
The optimization of vehicle window acoustical behavior.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
It is a kind of based on linear equivalence vehicle window near sound field modeling and window structure optimization method the following steps are included:
S1: the compression load (Compression for obtaining sealing strip lip is tested by sealing strip lip compression load
Load Deflection behavior, CLD) curve;
S2: sealing strip lip is equivalent to based on the function principle of equal effects by discrete linear rigidity spring unit, establishes guide groove
Sealing strip equivalent constraint model;
S3: establishing the threedimensional model of window seal system in conjunction with guide groove sealing strip equivalent constraint model, to window seal system
The threedimensional model of system carries out acoustical behavior analysis, obtains vehicle window sound transmission loss characteristics curve and the distribution of vehicle window sound pressure level;
S4: being based on sound insulating material mass effect, is distributed according to vehicle window sound transmission loss characteristics curve and vehicle window sound pressure level
Optimize the structure of glass for vehicle window.
The sealing strip lip compression load test are as follows: sealing strip lip is fixed in guide groove tooling, glass tooling is perpendicular
The straight lip of flat press seal downwards, the curve of the decrement of compressing force and sealing strip lip that sealing strip lip generates are sealing strip
The compression load curve of lip.
The step S2 specifically:
21: sealing strip lip rigidity being obtained by compression load curve, will be compressed according to the variable quantity of sealing strip lip rigidity
Load curve is divided into approximately linear stiffness region and non-approximated linear rigidity region;
22: being based on the function principle of equal effects, it is assumed that sealing strip lip works approximately linear stiffness region, by sealing strip lip
It is equivalent to discrete linear rigidity spring unit, the average value of all sealing strip lip rigidity in approximately linear stiffness region is taken to make
For the equivalent restricted spring rigidity of sealing strip of linear rigidity spring unit;
23: establish guide groove sealing strip equivalent constraint model, including linear rigidity spring unit and corresponding sealing strip it is equivalent
Restricted spring rigidity.
The variable quantity of sealing strip lip rigidity is less than or equal to setting value in the approximately linear stiffness region, described non-approximated
The variable quantity of sealing strip lip rigidity is greater than the set value in linear rigidity region.
The step S3 specifically:
31: the threedimensional model of window seal system is established in conjunction with guide groove sealing strip equivalent constraint model;
32: based on reverberation chamber-anechoic chamber's sound insulation experimental principle, establishing the vehicle window acoustic transmission loss comprising sealing constraint and divide
Analyse acoustic model;
33: acoustical behavior analysis being carried out to window seal system based on vehicle window acoustic transmission loss analytical acoustics model, is obtained
It is distributed to vehicle window sound transmission loss characteristics curve and vehicle window sound pressure level.
The establishment process of the vehicle window acoustic transmission loss analytical acoustics model are as follows: real based on reverberation chamber-anechoic chamber's sound insulation
Principle is tested, using acoustic software, the glass for vehicle window outer surface in the threedimensional model of window seal system applies diffusion sound field, should
Simulation of acoustic field reverberation chamber noise source is spread, meanwhile, the glass for vehicle window inner surface in the threedimensional model of window seal system applies
Ruili face, the Ruili face mould intend the free found field in anechoic chamber.
Optimize the process of the structure of glass for vehicle window in the step S4 are as follows: under conditions of glass for vehicle window gross mass is constant,
The Mass Distribution for changing glass for vehicle window increases acoustics according to vehicle window sound transmission loss characteristics curve and the distribution of vehicle window sound pressure level
The mass area ratio of the poor region of energy.
Glass for vehicle window after the step S4 optimization using poor heavy sheet glass, press along vehicle body direction by the thickness of the difference heavy sheet glass
Parabola rule is first incremented by and successively decreases afterwards.
The glass for vehicle window optimized in the step S4 is automobile front side window.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages that
1) the present invention is based on the experiments of sealing strip lip compression load, on the basis of analyzing sealing strip lip mechanical characteristic, fortune
With the function principle of equal effects, it is assumed that sealing strip lip works approximately linear stiffness region, by window sealing strip constraint be equivalent to from
Scattered linear rigidity spring unit, establishes guide groove sealing strip equivalent constraint model, solves sealing strip irregular geometry characteristic strip
The modeling come is difficult.
2) present invention establishes the threedimensional model of hyperbolicity glass for vehicle window, based on reverberation chamber-anechoic chamber's sound insulation experimental principle, builds
The vertical vehicle window acoustic transmission loss analytical acoustics model comprising sealing constraint is analyzed by acoustical behavior and obtains the transmitting of vehicle window sound
The distribution of the space sound pressure level of loss property curve and sidelight areas, it is special convenient for acoustics of the research glass for vehicle window under sealing constraint
Property, overcome the difficulty that the vehicle window acoustical behavior numerical simulation analysis under sealing constraint is difficult to realize.
3) the present invention is based on sound insulating material mass effects, propose glass for vehicle window Section Optimization, i.e., using along vehicle body side
The poor heavy sheet glass substitution being distributed to thickness according to parabola rule is original to determine thickness glass, the results showed that low frequency incidence sound source condition
Lower vehicle window acoustic transmission loss average value improves 10%, realizes the vehicle window acoustical behavior optimization towards high-speed silent.
4) present invention carries out structure optimization, balanced system for wind noise to main path --- the front window of car transmitting
Make to accept or reject between cost and acoustical behavior, application easy to spread.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the method for the present invention flow diagram;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of window seal system;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of sealing strip lip compression load experiment;
Wherein, (3a) is that lip is sealed a schematic diagram for lip compression load experiment on the inside of sealing strip, and (3b) is close
Lip is sealed a schematic diagram for lip compression load experiment on the outside of strip of paper used for sealing;
Fig. 4 is the compression load curve synoptic diagram of sealing strip lip;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of vehicle window acoustic transmission loss analytical acoustics model;
Wherein, the overall structure diagram of (5a) vehicle window acoustic transmission loss analytical acoustics model, (5b) are A in figure (5a)
Locate partial enlargement diagram, (5c) is partial enlargement diagram at B in figure (5a);
Fig. 6 is glass for vehicle window inner surface sound pressure level distribution map;
Fig. 7 is that glass for vehicle window section thickness optimizes schematic diagram;
Fig. 8 is the vehicle window sound transmission loss characteristics curve comparison schematic diagram of optimization front and back glass for vehicle window.
In figure: 1, sealing strip, 11, inside lip, 12, outside lip, 2, glass for vehicle window, 3, car door metal plate, 4, guide groove work
Dress, 5, glass tooling, 6, linear rigidity spring unit, 7, Ruili face, 8, diffusion sound field.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.The present embodiment is with technical solution of the present invention
Premised on implemented, the detailed implementation method and specific operation process are given, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to
Following embodiments.
As car speed is continuously improved, automobile lems with wind noise becomes increasingly conspicuous.Seal simultaneously the lower glass for vehicle window 2 of constraint by
Gradually become main path of the wind noise to car transmitting, acoustical behavior has vehicle ride comfort critically important shadow
It rings.Therefore, the present invention propose it is a kind of based on linear equivalence vehicle window near sound field modeling and window structure optimization method, such as Fig. 1 institute
Show, comprising the following steps:
S1: the compression load curve for obtaining sealing strip lip is tested by sealing strip lip compression load;
S2: sealing strip lip is equivalent to based on the function principle of equal effects by discrete linear rigidity spring unit 6, establishes guide groove
Sealing strip equivalent constraint model;
S3: establishing the threedimensional model of window seal system in conjunction with guide groove sealing strip equivalent constraint model, to window seal system
The threedimensional model of system carries out acoustical behavior analysis, obtains vehicle window sound transmission loss characteristics curve and the distribution of vehicle window sound pressure level;
S4: being based on sound insulating material mass effect, is distributed according to vehicle window sound transmission loss characteristics curve and vehicle window sound pressure level
Optimize the structure of glass for vehicle window 2.
Each step is illustrated below:
Glass for vehicle window 2 is formed motor-car window sealing system by peripheral sealing item 1 and the constraint of car door metal plate 3, as shown in Fig. 2, close
Strip of paper used for sealing 1 is fixed in the guide groove of car door metal plate 3, constrains glass for vehicle window 2 by outside lip 12 and inside lip 11.Due to sealing
Item 1 uses super-elasticity rubber material, and has irregular geometry section, so that sealing strip 1 and glass for vehicle window 2 have complexity
Constrain contact action.For the Equivalent Modeling for realizing sealing strip 1, the CLD curve of sealing strip lip need to be obtained by step S1 first,
Equivalent spring model of element is established secondly by step S2.
Window sealing strip 1 is made of high molecular material, and has irregular section, and super elastic characteristics lead to lesser work
It firmly can produce significant deformation.Common mechanics of materials tensile compression test is unable to characterize the deformation of the seal compression with special cross-section
Characteristic is needed using special compression load test.In order to study sealing strip 1 to the effect of contraction of glass for vehicle window 2, the present invention is internal
Outside lip is sealed a lip compression load test respectively, obtains power-displacement curve, nonlinear to characterize sealing strip 1
Compressive deformation performance.In compression load test, according to sealing strip 1, car door metal plate 3, glass for vehicle window 2 in window seal system it
Between assembly relation and compression direction, specially design test fixture, including simulate car door metal plate 3 guide groove tooling 4 and simulation vehicle
The glass tooling 5 of glass pane 2.When test, as shown in figure 3, the horizontal clamping of guide groove tooling 4 is on workbench, in guide groove tooling 4
Unilateral lip exemplar is placed, glass tooling 5 is installed above guide groove tooling 4, the concora crush unilateral side lip sample straight down of glass tooling 5
Part, to simulate glass to the concora crush process of lip, unilateral lip exemplar is designed according to outside lip 12 and inside lip 11, specifically
Testing regulations is as follows:
Equipment and tooling: 1.LRX profile material stretching/compressing testing machine, 2. guide groove tooling, 4,3. glass tooling 5;
Test requirements document: 1. feed speed 30mm/min take second of test result after the precompressed of 2. first times;
Sample: three, 1.100+2mm sample, 2. 23 ± 2 DEG C of environment temperatures, relative humidity 50 ± 5%;
Test result: take the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of whole test datas as test result.
Experiment obtains the compression load characteristic curve of unilateral lip, i.e., the compressing force F and monodentate lip that unilateral lip generates
Decrement x curve, i.e. F=f (x).
Step S2 specifically:
21: sealing strip lip rigidity, the pressure that sealing strip lip rigidity=unilateral side lip generates are obtained by compression load curve
The decrement x of contracting power F/ monodentate lip, is divided into approximate line for compression load curve according to the variable quantity of sealing strip lip rigidity
Property stiffness region and non-approximated linear rigidity region, the variable quantity of sealing strip lip rigidity is less than etc. in approximately linear stiffness region
The variable quantity of sealing strip lip rigidity is greater than the set value in setting value, non-approximated linear rigidity region;
22: being based on the function principle of equal effects, it is assumed that sealing strip lip works approximately linear stiffness region, by sealing strip lip
It is equivalent to discrete linear rigidity spring unit 6, takes the average value of all sealing strip lip rigidity in approximately linear stiffness region
The equivalent restricted spring rigidity of sealing strip as linear rigidity spring unit 6;
23: establish guide groove sealing strip equivalent constraint model, including linear rigidity spring unit 6 and corresponding sealing strip it is equivalent
Restricted spring rigidity.
Obtained from the experimental data of step S1, in entire compression process, sealing strip unilateral side lip stiffness variation it is non-thread
Property feature is obvious, as shown in figure 4, A'A sections of stiffness variation very littles, it is believed that rigidity is in approximately linear area;AB sections and A'B'
Section significantly shows nonlinear characteristic.In A'A segment limit, sealing strip lip stiffness variation very little takes within the scope of this and owns
Rigidity mean value of the average value of rigidity as sealing strip lip, rigidity mean value rigidity k are that the equivalent restricted spring of sealing strip is rigid
K is spent, following formula is met:
In formula, n is the number of experimental data point in approximately linear range in stiffness, kiIt is real for i-th of sealing strip unilateral side lip
Test the rigidity value at data point.Sealing strip is cut to the forward end seal item of vehicle window, back-end sealing item, end sealing item and water respectively
Inside and outside lip carries out pressure lotus experiment, and calculates the mean value rigidity in approximately linear range in stiffness and can be obtained vehicle window different location
The equivalent restricted spring rigidity of sealing strip.
When sound wave is propagated in air, the measure that enables sound to be stopped in communication process and cannot directly pass through is known as
Sound insulation.Acoustic transmission loss (Transmission Loss, TL) is the inherent characteristic of sound insulating material or sound partiting system, numerical value
It is the important indicator that measurement sound insulating material and system obstruct several power propagations, unit dB is defined as follows:
TL=10 × log10(1/τ)
Wherein,It is the acoustical power for being transmitted through structure,It is
The acoustical power being incident in structure.Therefore, the acoustical behavior of window seal system can be evaluated with acoustic transmission loss.
Step S3 specifically:
31: the threedimensional model of hyperbolicity window seal system is established in conjunction with guide groove sealing strip equivalent constraint model, such as Fig. 5 institute
Show;
32: based on reverberation chamber-anechoic chamber's sound insulation experimental principle, establishing the vehicle window acoustic transmission loss comprising sealing constraint and divide
Analyse acoustic model;
33: acoustical behavior analysis being carried out to window seal system based on vehicle window acoustic transmission loss analytical acoustics model, is obtained
It is distributed to vehicle window sound transmission loss characteristics curve and vehicle window sound pressure level, the sound pressure level distribution of 2 inner surface of glass for vehicle window of uniform thickness
As shown in fig. 6, sound pressure level is indicated with from red to purple color from high to low, it is maximum in the middle part sound pressure level of glass for vehicle window 2, be
47.3, sound pressure level successively successively decreases outward from the middle part of glass for vehicle window 2, the front and back end edge of glass for vehicle window 2 sound pressure level most
It is small, it is 37.1.
Wherein, the establishment process of vehicle window acoustic transmission loss analytical acoustics model are as follows: real based on reverberation chamber-anechoic chamber's sound insulation
Principle is tested, using acoustic software Actran, 2 outer surface of glass for vehicle window in the threedimensional model of window seal system applies diffusion
Sound field 8 (Diffuse Sound Field, DSF), the boundary condition imitation reverberation chamber noise source of the diffusion sound field 8, meanwhile,
2 inner surface of glass for vehicle window in the threedimensional model of window seal system applies Ruili face 7 (Rayleigh Surface), the Ruili
Simulate the free found field in anechoic chamber in face 7.
The mass effect of sound insulating material refers to: the mass area ratio of sound insulating layer is bigger, and acoustic transmission loss is bigger, because
This, can be substituted with poor heavy sheet glass and traditional determine thickness glass.2 thickness of glass for vehicle window after optimization is along vehicle body direction according to parabolic
Line gauge rule distribution, successively decreases afterwards as shown in fig. 7, being first incremented by, and vehicle window middle position thickness is maximum, is 4.5mm, front and back ends position
Thickness is minimum, is 1.6mm.Poor heavy sheet glass makes under conditions of 2 gross mass of glass for vehicle window is constant, changes the matter of glass for vehicle window 2
Amount distribution, is distributed according to vehicle window sound transmission loss characteristics curve and vehicle window sound pressure level, increases acoustical behavior difference region
Mass area ratio, to achieve the purpose that be promoted the whole sound insulation value of glass for vehicle window 2.Since automobile front side window is wind noise to vehicle
The main path of interior transmitting, it is possible to be optimized mainly for the structure of automobile front side window.
As shown in figure 8, the average value of the glass for vehicle window acoustic transmission loss after optimization is 25.7dB, original glass for vehicle window sound
The average value of sound transmitting loss is 23.4dB, and interpretation of result shows the optimization by window structure, under the conditions of low frequency incidence sound source
Vehicle window acoustic transmission loss average value improves 10%, realizes the vehicle window acoustical behavior optimization towards high-speed silent.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of modeling of vehicle window near sound field and window structure optimization method based on linear equivalence, which is characterized in that including following
Step:
S1: the compression load curve for obtaining sealing strip lip is tested by sealing strip lip compression load;
Sealing strip lip: being equivalent to discrete linear rigidity spring unit based on the function principle of equal effects by S2, establishes guide groove sealing
Equivalent constraint model;
S3: establishing the threedimensional model of window seal system in conjunction with guide groove sealing strip equivalent constraint model, to window seal system
Threedimensional model carries out acoustical behavior analysis, obtains vehicle window sound transmission loss characteristics curve and the distribution of vehicle window sound pressure level;
S4: it is based on sound insulating material mass effect, according to vehicle window sound transmission loss characteristics curve and vehicle window sound pressure level distribution optimization
The structure of glass for vehicle window;
The step S2 specifically:
21: sealing strip lip rigidity being obtained by compression load curve, according to the variable quantity of sealing strip lip rigidity by compression load
Curve is divided into approximately linear stiffness region and non-approximated linear rigidity region;
22: being based on the function principle of equal effects, it is assumed that sealing strip lip works approximately linear stiffness region, and sealing strip lip is equivalent
For discrete linear rigidity spring unit, take the average value of all sealing strip lip rigidity in approximately linear stiffness region as line
The equivalent restricted spring rigidity of sealing strip of property rigid spring unit;
23: establishing guide groove sealing strip equivalent constraint model, including linear rigidity spring unit and the equivalent constraint of corresponding sealing strip
Spring rate.
2. the modeling of vehicle window near sound field and window structure optimization method according to claim 1 based on linear equivalence, special
Sign is that the sealing strip lip compression load is tested are as follows: sealing strip lip is fixed in guide groove tooling, glass tooling is vertical
Downward flat press seal lip, the curve of the decrement of compressing force and sealing strip lip that sealing strip lip generates are sealing strip lip
The compression load curve on side.
3. the modeling of vehicle window near sound field and window structure optimization method according to claim 1 based on linear equivalence, special
Sign is that the variable quantity of sealing strip lip rigidity is less than or equal to setting value in the approximately linear stiffness region, described non-approximated
The variable quantity of sealing strip lip rigidity is greater than the set value in linear rigidity region.
4. the modeling of vehicle window near sound field and window structure optimization method according to claim 1 based on linear equivalence, special
Sign is, the step S3 specifically:
31: the threedimensional model of window seal system is established in conjunction with guide groove sealing strip equivalent constraint model;
32: based on reverberation chamber-anechoic chamber's sound insulation experimental principle, establishing the vehicle window acoustic transmission loss analysis sound comprising sealing constraint
Learn model;
33: acoustical behavior analysis being carried out to window seal system based on vehicle window acoustic transmission loss analytical acoustics model, obtains vehicle
Window sound transmission loss characteristics curve and the distribution of vehicle window sound pressure level.
5. the modeling of vehicle window near sound field and window structure optimization method according to claim 4 based on linear equivalence, special
Sign is, the establishment process of the vehicle window acoustic transmission loss analytical acoustics model are as follows: based on reverberation chamber-anechoic chamber's sound insulation experiment
Principle, using acoustic software, the glass for vehicle window outer surface in the threedimensional model of window seal system applies diffusion sound field, the expansion
Simulation of acoustic field reverberation chamber noise source is dissipated, meanwhile, the glass for vehicle window inner surface in the threedimensional model of window seal system applies auspicious
Beautiful face, the Ruili face mould intend the free found field in anechoic chamber.
6. the modeling of vehicle window near sound field and window structure optimization method according to claim 1 based on linear equivalence, special
Sign is, optimizes the process of the structure of glass for vehicle window in the step S4 are as follows: under conditions of glass for vehicle window gross mass is constant, change
The Mass Distribution for becoming glass for vehicle window increases acoustical behavior according to vehicle window sound transmission loss characteristics curve and the distribution of vehicle window sound pressure level
The mass area ratio of poor region.
7. the modeling of vehicle window near sound field and window structure optimization method according to claim 1 based on linear equivalence, special
Sign is that the glass for vehicle window after the step S4 optimization is pressed using poor heavy sheet glass, the thickness of the difference heavy sheet glass along vehicle body direction
Parabola rule is first incremented by and successively decreases afterwards.
8. the modeling of vehicle window near sound field and window structure optimization method according to claim 1 based on linear equivalence, special
Sign is that the glass for vehicle window optimized in the step S4 is automobile front side window.
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CN109190249A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-01-11 | 建新赵氏集团有限公司 | A kind of analysis method of Rubber Seal Strip for Automobile sound insulation |
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JP2004243215A (en) * | 2003-02-13 | 2004-09-02 | Suzuki Motor Corp | Robot teaching method for sealer applicator and sealer applicator |
CN102036844A (en) * | 2008-05-23 | 2011-04-27 | 埃卡麦特橡塑技术有限公司 | Profile element for connecting a vehicle pane to a water tank |
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2015
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JP2004243215A (en) * | 2003-02-13 | 2004-09-02 | Suzuki Motor Corp | Robot teaching method for sealer applicator and sealer applicator |
CN102036844A (en) * | 2008-05-23 | 2011-04-27 | 埃卡麦特橡塑技术有限公司 | Profile element for connecting a vehicle pane to a water tank |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
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Friction Dynamics Modeling of Double Curvature Automotive Window Based on Equivalent Nonlinear Constraint;Zhu W 等;《The 14th IFToMM World Congress》;20151030;第25-30页 |
基于非线性刚度拟合的车窗***约束分析与建模;朱文峰 等;《机械工程学报》;20151031;第51卷(第20期);第171-176页 |
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