CN105627846B - A kind of method that deephole bench blasting prevents and treats bump - Google Patents
A kind of method that deephole bench blasting prevents and treats bump Download PDFInfo
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- CN105627846B CN105627846B CN201610137892.9A CN201610137892A CN105627846B CN 105627846 B CN105627846 B CN 105627846B CN 201610137892 A CN201610137892 A CN 201610137892A CN 105627846 B CN105627846 B CN 105627846B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
- F42D1/18—Plugs for boreholes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method that deephole bench blasting prevents and treats bump, methods described is to determine that two help the possible impacting start area of area of stress concentration, i.e. bump first；Then the single blasthole perpendicular to tunnel axial direction is respectively symmetrically crept into roadway's sides, blast hole depth should at least reach supporting pressure peak area, and loaded length and central initiation point will be close to peak stress positions, and charging means are not couple spaced loading；The powder charge uses PVC sleeve pipe deformation charges, and is evenly arranged in hole on three sections, each pack and installs a detonator, uses clay closure blasthole；Then it will first be connected with detonator connecting line in hole, then the network to be formed of connecting of the detonator connecting line in all holes is parallel on shot firing cable and accesses exploder, blast operations are performed finally by exploder.The inventive method can sufficiently utilize blasting energy, by carrying out unloading pressure by blasting to the possible impacting start area of lane side, press the purpose of degree of danger with reaching reduction roadway bump.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for preventing and treating bump, and in particular to a kind of deephole bench blasting prevents and treats bump
Method, belong to Coal Mining Technology field.
Background technology
With the increase of coal mining depth, the complexity of deep mechanical environment and the change of mechanical property of coal seam so that coal
In charcoal recovery process, various dynamic disaster phenomenons take place frequently, and bump is exactly wherein more typical a kind of.
Bump is one of natural calamity of most serious in deep coalmining, when coal mining is to certain depth,
Under the collective effect of crustal stress, mining induced stress and tectonic stress, the working face of down-hole can be impacted to some extent
The threat of ground pressure, is influenceed, bump along with the Burst Tendency in coal seam itself, and by production technique and geologic(al) factor
It is dangerous can more and more be displayed with the increase of mining depth, so as to bring great harm to production safety.
The method of preventing and treating bump mainly has the pre- water filling in coal seam at present, as patent name is hydraulic slotted liner technique preventing and treating impact
The method (Patent publication No be the A of CN 101915098) of pressure, its need according to the geology of specific coal mine impact, mining condition and
Bump feature, utilizes the preventing and controlling rock burst through hydraulic cutting of different modes.Because this method needs Consideration more, therefore
Limitation is larger in practical operation, and process is cumbersome, and prevention effect is poor.
In addition, also patent name is " a kind of deephole bench blasting method " (notification number is CN102997766B), it is public
It is that Drilling goes out four diameter identical deep hole blastholes first to have opened, and sets three intervals equal along its center line in each blasthole
Even fire point, each fire point places a pack；Described pack head is equipped with two pieces of detonators, and three in same blasthole
Payment to a porter difference of the individual pack correspondence positioned at the payment to a porter of three detonators of the same side and correspondingly positioned at three detonators of opposite side is mutual
It is connected in series；Methods described loads pack using not coupling decked charge fashion in blasthole, and using air or water bag as
Soft bed course；Then the network to be formed parallel connection of the detonator connecting line in all blastholes being connected accesses exploder, finally by detonation
Device performs blast operations.
Although the deep hole blasting method preferably, there is problems to bump prevention effect：One is irrational
Blast hole depth, causes roadway deformation serious, destroys country rock globality, causes two to help to baffle, crush；Two be unreasonable powder charge
Structure, causes blasting energy utilization rate low, not only can not effectively release bump harm, or even promote the hair of bump
It is raw.
The content of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention provides the side that a kind of deephole bench blasting prevents and treats bump
Method, can make full use of blasting energy, by carrying out unloading pressure by blasting to the possible impacting start area of lane side, reach the punching of reduction tunnel
Press the purpose of degree of danger with hitting.
To achieve these goals, the method that the deephole bench blasting that the present invention is used prevents and treats bump, including it is following
Step,
Determine that two help area of stress concentration first, then respectively symmetrically crept into perpendicular to the single of tunnel axial direction in roadway's sides
Blasthole, the diameter control of the blasthole is in 65~90mm, and blast hole depth is at least up to supporting pressure peak area；
Then pack is evenly arranged in blasthole, the head of the pack is equipped with a hair detonator, and the detonator is respectively with two
The connecting line of bar different colours is guided to outside hole, and three detonator connecting lines are then twisted joint into powder charge in short circuit, the blasthole in time
Length and central initiation point close to peak stress position, charging means not couple spaced loading, not the coefficient of coup be 1.2~
1.3, and use air as bed course；
After pack and cushion are placed, clay feeding blasthole is blocked using aluminium-plastic pipe, then first by same big gun
Detonator connecting line is connected in hole, then the network to be formed of connecting of the detonator connecting line in all blastholes is parallel on shot firing cable and connect
Enter exploder, blast operations are performed finally by exploder.
As an improvement, described single blasthole is made up of three blastholes of diameter identical, blasthole is parallel with top plate and bottom plate,
1.0~1.5m of orifice distance bottom plate.
As an improvement, the distance between described blasthole is twice of blasting crack area radius.
As an improvement, described powder charge all uses inverse initiation, and use PVC sleeve pipe deformation charges.
As an improvement, the inverse initiation is that three electric caps with segment number are uniformly placed in each blasthole, i.e., on eyeground
One is put, then uniform intervals put one successively, and the sockets for collecting energy of all detonators points to eye mouthful direction.
As an improvement, described same segment number electric cap is 2~5 sections of allowed for use in coal mines millisecond delay electric detonators with segment number.
As an improvement, described PVC sleeve pipe deformation charges are that pvc pipe is splitted from centre using cutter, explosive is put into
Snarled and blocked up with adhesive plaster in PVC sleeve pipes, on casing head, first piece of powder stick places one and send out detonator on powder charge head, connects connecting line
And connecting line is filled in into sleeve pipe, the pvc pipe splitted is twined with adhesive plaster.
As an improvement, the connecting line of different detonators length in reserve outside hole differs 200~500mm in same blasthole.
As an improvement, using air in this method for bed course, the step of loading pack is as follows,
(1) air bag is first placed between fire point on the inside of blasthole bottom to blasthole, then filled parcel air bag fried
The pvc pipe of medicine is delivered on the inside of blasthole at fire point；
(2) air bag is placed between fire point in the middle part of first pvc pipe and blasthole, then in the middle part of blasthole at fire point
Place the pvc pipe that second parcel air bag fills explosive；
(3) air bag is placed between the fire point on the outside of second pvc pipe and blasthole, then the fire point on the outside of blasthole
Place the pvc pipe that the 3rd parcel air bag fills explosive in place；
(4) clay feeding blasthole designated depth is blocked using aluminium-plastic pipe.
As an improvement, in the step of loading pack (4),
When blocking blasthole using clay, calculated for the sealed borehole length of blasthole by formula (1),
In formula (1), L- sealed borehole lengths, unit m；db- blasthole diameter, unit m；Pb- the detonation pressure acted on stemming,
Unit Pa；Unit frictional force between f- stemmings and hole wall, unit N；
The detonation pressure acted on stemming, for axially and radially Uncoincided charge, is calculated by formula (2)：
In formula (2), ρ0- explosive density, units/kg/m3；D- explosion velocity of explosive, unit m/s；dc- charge diameter, unit m；lc-
Loaded length, unit m；lb- blasthole length, unit m；N- pressure enhancement coefficients, 8~11.
Compared with the prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in：
1) method that a kind of deephole bench blasting of the invention prevents and treats bump, by reasonably determining that detonation is interval,
Press the purpose of degree of danger with reaching reduction roadway bump.
2) method that a kind of deephole bench blasting of the invention prevents and treats bump, using the side of uniform discontinuous powder charge
Formula, can sufficiently utilize blasting energy, and stress wave and detonation gas effect are more abundant, by axial Uncoincided charge, can be with
The excessive crushing around blasthole is prevented effectively from, reduces disintegrating area scope, increases the scope of Fractured zone, reaches enhancing working face in the pit
The purpose of stability.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is relieving shot charge constitution schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is release steel for shot schematic diagram of the invention；
In figure：1st, air, 2, connecting line, 3, detonator, 4, explosive, 5, pvc pipe, 6, stemming.
Embodiment
It is right below by accompanying drawing and embodiment to make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention of greater clarity
The present invention is further elaborated.However, it should be understood that specific embodiment described herein is only to explain this hair
Scope that is bright, being not intended to limit the invention.
A kind of method that deephole bench blasting prevents and treats bump, this method comprises the following steps,
It is to determine that two help area of stress concentration first, then respectively symmetrically creeps into the list perpendicular to tunnel axial direction in roadway's sides
Artillery salvo hole, described blasthole diameter control is in 65~90mm, and blast hole depth should at least reach supporting pressure peak area；
Then three sections of packs are evenly arranged in blasthole, the head of the pack is equipped with a hair detonator 3,3 points of the detonator
Do not guided to the connecting line 2 of two different colours outside hole, three detonator connecting lines are then twisted joint into short circuit in time, wherein, dress
Medicine length and central initiation point will be close to peak stress positions, and charging means is do not couple spaced loading, and the coefficient of coup is not 1.2
~1.3, and using air 1 as being filled with air in the gap between the pack and hole wall in bed course, i.e. each blasthole
Bag, so that the Blasting shock wave that explosion time is produced must can be just traveled in hole wall by air cushion, and air cushion is not
But the initial pressure peak that Blasting shock wave acts on blasthole can be weakened, at the same can also extend Blasting shock wave effect when
Between, improve demolition effect therefore, it is possible to effective, increase the energy of burst stress volume ripple and reduce the generation of disintegrating area；
After pack and cushion are placed, clay feeding blasthole is blocked using aluminium-plastic pipe, then first by same big gun
In hole detonator connecting line connect, then by the detonator connecting line in all holes connect the network to be formed be parallel on shot firing cable access
Exploder, blast operations are performed finally by exploder.
As the improvement of embodiment, determining two, to help the method for area of stress concentration be to first pass through detecting earth stress, can be used
Stress relief method, strain restoring method or stress restoration, then obtain two and help area of stress concentration scope.
As the improvement of embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2 described single blasthole is made up of three blastholes of diameter identical, big gun
Hole is parallel with top plate and bottom plate, 1.0~1.5m of orifice distance bottom plate, and the distance between described blasthole is blasting crack area radius
Twice.
As the further improvement of embodiment, described blasting crack area radius passes through live individual shot measurements determination.
As the improvement of embodiment, described powder charge all uses inverse initiation, and uses PVC sleeve pipe deformation charges.
As the improvement of embodiment, the inverse initiation is that three electric caps with segment number are uniformly placed in each blasthole,
One is put on eyeground, then uniform intervals put one successively, and the sockets for collecting energy of all detonators 3 points to eye mouthful direction.
As the improvement of embodiment, described same segment number electric cap is delayed electric for 2~5 sections of allowed for use in coal mines milliseconds with segment number
Detonator.
As the improvement of embodiment, as shown in figure 1, described PVC sleeve pipe deformation charges be using cutter pvc pipe 5 from
Centre is splitted, and explosive 4 is put into PVC sleeve pipes, is snarled and blocked up with adhesive plaster on casing head, and first piece of powder stick is placed on powder charge head
One hair detonator 3, connects connecting line 2 and connecting line 2 is filled in into sleeve pipe, twined the pvc pipe 5 splitted with adhesive plaster.
As the improvement of embodiment, in same blasthole the connecting line 2 of different detonators 3 outside hole length in reserve difference 200~
500mm, i.e., the payment to a porter connecting line of same detonator 3 length in reserve outside hole is identical, is distinguished by different colors, different thunders
The connecting line 2 of pipe 3 is distinguished by the length of the connecting line 2 outside hole；
As the improvement of embodiment, air 1 is used in this method for bed course, the step of loading pack is as follows,
(1) air bag is first placed between fire point on the inside of blasthole bottom to blasthole, then filled parcel air bag fried
The pvc pipe 5 of medicine 4 is delivered on the inside of blasthole at fire point；
(2) air bag is placed between fire point in the middle part of first pvc pipe 5 and blasthole, then the fire point in the middle part of blasthole
Place the pvc pipe 5 that second parcel air bag fills explosive 4 in place；
(3) air bag is placed between the fire point on the outside of second pvc pipe 5 and blasthole, is then detonated on the outside of blasthole
The pvc pipe 5 that the 3rd parcel air bag fills explosive 4 is placed at point；
(4) clay feeding blasthole designated depth is blocked using aluminium-plastic pipe.
Wherein, when blocking blasthole using clay, it can be estimated for the sealed borehole length of blasthole by formula (1)：
In formula (1), L- sealed borehole lengths, unit m；db- blasthole diameter, unit m；Pb- the detonation pressure acted on stemming,
Unit Pa；Unit frictional force between f- stemmings and hole wall, unit N.
In addition, the above-mentioned detonation pressure acted on stemming 6, for axially and radially Uncoincided charge, can pass through
Formula (2) is estimated：
In formula (2), ρ0- explosive density, units/kg/m3；D- explosion velocity of explosive, unit m/s；dc- charge diameter, unit m；lc-
Loaded length, unit m；lb- blasthole length, unit m；N- pressure enhancement coefficients, 8~11.
The method that a kind of deephole bench blasting of the present invention prevents and treats bump, by the way of uniform discontinuous powder charge,
Blasting energy can be sufficiently utilized, stress wave and detonation gas effect are more abundant, by axial Uncoincided charge, are prevented effectively from
Excessive crushing around blasthole, reduces disintegrating area scope, increases the scope of Fractured zone, reaches enhancing underground work face stability
Purpose.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to the details of above-mentioned one exemplary embodiment, Er Qie
In the case of without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, embodiment all should be regarded as exemplary, and be nonrestrictive, the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Profit is required rather than described above is limited, it is intended that all in the implication and scope of the equivalency of claim by falling
Change is included in the present invention.Any reference in claim should not be considered as to the claim involved by limitation.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method that deephole bench blasting prevents and treats bump, it is characterised in that：This method comprises the following steps,
Determine that two help area of stress concentration, then respectively symmetrically creep into the single big gun perpendicular to tunnel axial direction in roadway's sides first
Hole, the diameter control of the blasthole is in 65~90mm, and blast hole depth is at least up to supporting pressure peak area；
Then be evenly arranged pack in blasthole, the head of the pack equipped with a hair detonator, the detonator respectively with two not
Connecting line with color is guided to outside hole, and three detonator connecting lines are then twisted joint into loaded length in short circuit, the blasthole in time
With central initiation point close to peak stress position, charging means is do not couple spaced loading, and the coefficient of coup is not 1.2~1.3, and
Use air as bed course；
After pack and cushion are placed, clay feeding blasthole is blocked using aluminium-plastic pipe, then first will be with blasthole
Detonator connecting line connect, then by the detonator connecting line in all blastholes connect the network to be formed be parallel on shot firing cable access send out
Quick-fried device, blast operations are performed finally by exploder；
Described single blasthole is made up of three blastholes of diameter identical, and blasthole is parallel with top plate and bottom plate, orifice distance bottom plate
1.0~1.5m；The distance between described blasthole is twice of blasting crack area radius.
2. the method that a kind of deephole bench blasting according to claim 1 prevents and treats bump, it is characterised in that：Described
Powder charge all uses inverse initiation, and uses PVC sleeve pipe deformation charges.
3. the method that a kind of deephole bench blasting according to claim 2 prevents and treats bump, it is characterised in that：It is described anti-
It is that three electric caps with segment number are uniformly placed in each blasthole to powder charge, i.e., one is put on eyeground, then uniform intervals successively
One is put, and the sockets for collecting energy of all detonators points to eye mouthful direction.
4. the method that a kind of deephole bench blasting according to claim 3 prevents and treats bump, it is characterised in that：Described
It is 2~5 sections of allowed for use in coal mines millisecond delay electric detonators with segment number with segment number electric cap.
5. the method that a kind of deephole bench blasting according to claim 2 prevents and treats bump, it is characterised in that：Described
PVC sleeve pipe deformation charges are that pvc pipe is splitted from centre using cutter, and explosive is put into PVC sleeve pipes, adhesive plaster is used on casing head
Snarl and block up, first piece of powder stick places one and send out detonator on powder charge head, connects connecting line and connecting line is filled in into sleeve pipe, use adhesive plaster
The pvc pipe splitted is twined.
6. the method that a kind of deephole bench blasting according to claim 1 or 3 or 4 or 5 prevents and treats bump, its feature exists
In：The connecting line of different detonators length in reserve outside hole differs 200~500mm in same blasthole.
7. the method that a kind of deephole bench blasting according to claim 1 prevents and treats bump, it is characterised in that：This method
Middle to use air for bed course, the step of loading pack is as follows,
(1) air bag is first placed between fire point on the inside of blasthole bottom to blasthole, parcel air bag is then filled into explosive
Pvc pipe is delivered on the inside of blasthole at fire point；
(2) air bag is placed between fire point in the middle part of first pvc pipe and blasthole, is then being placed in the middle part of blasthole at fire point
Second parcel air bag fills the pvc pipe of explosive；
(3) air bag is placed between the fire point on the outside of second pvc pipe and blasthole, is then being put on the outside of blasthole at fire point
Put the pvc pipe that the 3rd parcel air bag fills explosive；
(4) clay feeding blasthole designated depth is blocked using aluminium-plastic pipe.
8. the method that a kind of deephole bench blasting according to claim 7 prevents and treats bump, it is characterised in that：Load medicine
In the step of bag (4),
When blocking blasthole using clay, calculated for the sealed borehole length of blasthole by formula (1),
<mrow>
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</mrow>
</mrow>
1
In formula (1), L- sealed borehole lengths, unit m；db- blasthole diameter, unit m；Pb- the detonation pressure acted on stemming, unit
Pa；Unit frictional force between f- stemmings and hole wall, unit N；
The detonation pressure acted on stemming, for axially and radially Uncoincided charge, is calculated by formula (2)：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mi>b</mi>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<mn>8</mn>
</mfrac>
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<mn>0</mn>
</msub>
<msup>
<mi>D</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
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In formula (2), ρ0- explosive density, units/kg/m3；D- explosion velocity of explosive, unit m/s；dc- charge diameter, unit m；lc- powder charge
Length, unit m；lb- blasthole length, unit m；N- pressure enhancement coefficients, 8~11.
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| CN201610137892.9A CN105627846B (en) | 2016-03-10 | 2016-03-10 | A kind of method that deephole bench blasting prevents and treats bump |
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| CN108007288B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-06-28 | 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 | Powder charge method for sealing for underground coal mine deep hole top plate presplit blasting |
| CN108661642B (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2019-08-06 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of method of the nearly upright Bumping Pressure in Coal Layers of depth hole relieving shot prevention and treatment |
| CN108548460B (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2020-01-07 | 北京科技大学 | Method for preventing rock burst by coupling and pressure relief of blast hole and large-diameter drill hole |
| CN112709573B (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2023-08-11 | 西安闪光能源科技有限公司 | Method for preventing and controlling rock burst of hard coal face based on controllable shock wave presplitting |
| CN111271120A (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2020-06-12 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | Coal mine rock burst dynamic and static load source-based danger relieving method |
| CN111255465A (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2020-06-09 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for forming roadway impact-resistant weak structural layer by coal rock blasting and fracturing |
| CN111882828B (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2021-08-20 | 淮北智淮科技有限公司 | Landslide prevention early warning device and using method thereof |
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| SU1395833A1 (en) * | 1985-11-10 | 1988-05-15 | Карагандинский политехнический институт | Method of preventing the building of mine working soil |
| CN102296958A (en) * | 2011-07-22 | 2011-12-28 | 山东科技大学 | Method for preventing rock burst by artificial space defect body |
| CN102425416B (en) * | 2011-09-12 | 2013-09-25 | 山东科技大学 | Coal mine high stress area roadway driving face impact ground pressure control method |
| CN102997766B (en) * | 2012-11-24 | 2015-04-08 | 河南大有能源股份有限公司常村煤矿 | Deep-hole pressure-relief blasting method |
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