CN105627322B - Stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU and its processing method - Google Patents
Stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU and its processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105627322B CN105627322B CN201511008654.XA CN201511008654A CN105627322B CN 105627322 B CN105627322 B CN 105627322B CN 201511008654 A CN201511008654 A CN 201511008654A CN 105627322 B CN105627322 B CN 105627322B
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- incinerator
- gasification furnace
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
- F23G5/444—Waste feed arrangements for solid waste
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/40—Gasification
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU, including incinerator, and the circulation air feed system of incinerator, incinerator includes feed hopper, gasification furnace and incinerator, windrow seal section is provided between feed hopper, gasification furnace, residue pusher is provided between gasification furnace and incinerator, the upper end of gasification furnace, the upper end of incinerator are arched upward, and set exhanst gas outlet respectively.Waste disposal method includes：Step A, furnace lifting, baker；Step B, make rubbish in the stove chamber inner combustion of gasification furnace；Step C, realize rubbish continuous gasification burning disposal；Step D, after rubbish and rubbish residue are burnt, close stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU.Using this mechanical grate-type refuse gasification CIU processing rubbish, large-scale rubbish continuous gasification burning disposal can be realized, garbage treatment quantity is bigger, and rubbish conveying capacity is stronger, and the organic efficiency of heat is higher, can efficiently reduce Pollution drainage.
Description
Technical field
System is burned the invention belongs to solid waste incineration processing technology field, more particularly to stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification
System and its processing method.
Background technology
Existing technology of garbage disposal mainly has burning, sanitary landfills, compost, waste recovery etc..It is conventional in garbage disposal
In technology, burning disposal has reduced training substantially, and innoxious thorough, occupation of land amount is small, and waste heat energy is utilized, and secondary pollution is few
The advantages of, meet the strategic requirement of China's sustainable development.But with continuous improvement both at home and abroad to environmental requirement, how to strengthen
Control to secondary pollution is particularly important.Therefore, refuse pyrolysis gasification burning technology is gradually shifted onto the road of industrial applications
On, primarily now use all kinds of incineration technologies especially for domestic rubbish, gasification burning technology widely industrialize by
The technological innovation of domestic garbage disposal industry is brought to regenerate.
For many years, scientific research of the China to the gasification burning technology such as biomass, rubbish, be in progress a lot of, the base in laboratory
Plinth research is a lot, also has application study, such as：Rotary kiln type, vertical and fluidized bed type destructive gasifying or temperature gasification and high melting skill
Art etc..But Technique Popularizing is applied upper or there is a definite limitation, raw material type, garbage treatment quantity, secondary pollution control and economy
Benefit etc. is principal element.
In existing burning process and equipment, fire grate type incinerator is various informative, and its application accounts for whole world waste incineration
More than the 80% of the total market size, uses mechanical backstepping fire grate, forwards fire grate or combined fire grate wherein having in body of heater, also adopts
With fire grates such as chain-plate type and drum-types.
In summary, typical incinerator, respectively there is its own advantage, but needs what is solved in China's practical application
Problem and shortage：
1. for characteristics such as China's house refuse water content height, complicated components, the technology of moving hearth is used, to rubbish
Conveying capacity needs emphasis to consider.
2. with being on the increase for refuse production, sanitary fill such as mountain, garbage treatment quantity must be effectively improved,
It can just meet the market requirement.
3. in face of strict pollutant emission requirement, secondary pollution control is the technical key problem for needing to solve.
4. in order to effectively increase economic efficiency, in rubbish heat treatment process, the organic efficiency of heat needs to improve.It is existing
Rubbish heat treatment technics generally using boiler produce steam shift steam turbine power generation onto, whole transition heat efficiency losses are larger, place
Identical quantity of refuse is managed, relative reduction thermal losses and raising heat exchanger effectiveness can just improve the thermal efficiency.
For example following two patents of invention of existing incinerator：Multiple row sectional drive combined type domestic garbage incinerator
(ZL200710092508.9) an open question and in two-stage garbage incinerator (ZL201010268376.2)：At rubbish heat
Manage model comparision to fall behind, simply dry-burn-burn, solid combustion discharges the process of heat；Thermal chemical reaction is to aoxidize in stove
Based on reaction, reduction reaction auxiliary is also easy to produce secondary pollution；When rubbish burns in stove, oxygen quotient is crossed greatly, First air, two
Secondary wind infeed amount is big, and dust content is higher in flue gas, larger on heat reclaiming system and smoke processing system influence, easily product
Ash, exhaust gas volumn is larger, reduces thermal conversion efficiency；The gasification furnace and incinerator not being separately provided, rubbish can only be handled by several times,
Large-scale rubbish continuous gasification burning disposal can not be realized, garbage treatment quantity is smaller.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU
And its processing method, rubbish is handled using this mechanical grate-type refuse gasification CIU, rubbish conveying capacity is stronger, at rubbish
Reason amount is bigger, can reduce thermal losses and improve heat exchanger effectiveness, the organic efficiency of heat is higher, and can efficiently reduce dirt
Contaminate thing discharge capacity.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this：
A kind of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU, including incinerator, the incinerator include grate,
And feed hopper, gasification furnace and the incinerator set gradually on grate along feedstock direction, the rear of gasification furnace is gasification furnace
Fall cinder notch, incinerator is located at the front lower place that gasification furnace falls cinder notch, and the rear of incinerator is on the slag notch of incinerator, the grate
Provided with garbage pusher device, the garbage pusher device is located at the lower section of feed hopper, for the rubbish in feed hopper to be pushed into gasification furnace
Interior, the lower section of gasification furnace moving hearth and incinerator moving hearth are respectively arranged below with least one and are independently arranged once
Air compartment, is provided with windrow seal section, the grate part between the gasification furnace and incinerator between the feed hopper, gasification furnace and stays
There is transition to fall slag section, the transition falls slag section and is provided with residue pusher, for the rubbish residue push-in that will be fallen in gasification furnace
In incinerator；
The gasification furnace, incinerator include furnace shell, moving hearth respectively, and the forward and backward side of the gasification furnace passes through heap respectively
Material seal section, transition fall slag section sealing, and the transition falls slag section isolation gasification furnace, incinerator, makes gasification furnace, incinerator mutually only
It is vertical；
The gasification furnace, incinerator set secondary air feed respectively respectively in arching upward shape on the face arch of the gasification furnace, rear arch
Mouthful, the vault of the gasification furnace sets the first exhanst gas outlet, and the vault of the incinerator sets the second exhanst gas outlet, the gasification
Igniting combustion supporting hole is respectively equipped with stove, incinerator；
Also include circulation air feed system, the circulation air feed system includes dust arrester, the first blower fan, the second blower fan, institute
The inlet end for stating dust arrester is connected by pipeline with the second exhanst gas outlet, and the outlet side of the dust arrester passes through pipeline and
The inlet end connection of one blower fan, the outlet side of first blower fan connects the house steward of the first manifold, the branch pipe of first manifold
Connected respectively with the secondary air feed mouthful on each air compartment and gasification trimmer arch, rear arch of the lower section of gasification furnace moving hearth,
First regulating valve is set respectively on each branch pipe of first manifold, and the air inlet and atmosphere of second blower fan are described
The gas outlet of second blower fan connects the house steward of the second manifold, the branch pipe of second manifold respectively with below incinerator moving hearth
Each air compartment and dust arrester inlet end, outlet side connection, the is set on each branch pipe of second manifold respectively
Two regulating valves.
In order to reduce thermal losses and improve heat exchanger effectiveness, make the organic efficiency of heat higher, it is preferable that also including for
The cyclone combustion chamber of second-time burning, the upper end of the cyclone combustion chamber is provided with combustion chamber ignition combustion-supporting hole, cyclone combustion chamber
End sets smoke inlet, institute provided with the taper slag notch that radius diminishes from top to bottom, the top of the cyclone combustion chamber circumferential wall
The bottom for stating cyclone combustion chamber circumferential wall sets the 3rd exhanst gas outlet, is uniformly provided with the circumferential wall of the cyclone combustion chamber some
Combustion air air feed mouthful, each combustion air air feed mouthful is respectively positioned between smoke inlet, the 3rd exhanst gas outlet.
In order that the high-temperature flue gas produced after burning is easily drained, and beneficial to the installation of pipeline, it is preferable that the flue gas
Entrance, the 3rd exhanst gas outlet are located at the opposite side of cyclone combustion chamber circumferential wall；3rd exhanst gas outlet is justified along cyclone combustion chamber
Perisporium is radially or tangentially set.
For more fully using the wind of the second blower fan bulging, and beneficial to finer each portion of regulation cyclone combustion chamber
The intake divided, it is preferable that also including the 3rd manifold, the house steward of the 3rd manifold connects with the gas outlet of the second blower fan, institute
Each branch pipe for stating the 3rd manifold is connected with each combustion air air feed mouthful respectively, and the 3rd regulation is set respectively on each branch pipe of the 3rd manifold
Valve.
In order to preferably adapt to the installing space in factory, the face arch of the gasification furnace is flat construction, or, gasification furnace
Face arch be inclined upwardly structure for rear end.
In order to strengthen sealing effectiveness, prevent flying dust from escaping, reduce pollutant discharge amount, it is preferable that set on the incinerator
There is cinder notch, the slag notch of the incinerator is located at the underface that incinerator falls cinder notch, and the incinerator falls cinder notch and passes through pipeline
Connected with the slag notch of dust arrester.
In order to effectively carry out dedusting to the high-temperature flue gas that incinerator is discharged, it is preferable that the dust arrester is whirlwind point
From device or hot precipitator；First blower fan is high-temperature blower, beneficial to working in high temperature environments, and second blower fan is
Air blower.
In order to prevent that wind is altered between gasification furnace, incinerator, it is preferable that the transition fall slag section on be provided with it is to be opened/closed every
From door, the isolating door is used to separate gasification furnace, incinerator.Furnace lifting initial stage or need control gasification furnace and incinerator between
When altering wind, isolating door is closed, after falling slag section and stacking the formation windrow sealing of a certain amount of residue, isolating door can be kept to open,
Coordinate to use with the residue pusher that lower section is set, to realize rubbish continuous gasification burning disposal.
A kind of waste disposal method of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU, this method is carried out according to the following steps：
Step A, the gate for closing stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator and atmospheric vent, start mechanical grate-type rubbish
Incinerator, feed hopper is put into by garbage raw material, garbage pusher device pusher back and forth, and the rubbish fallen from feed hopper is former
Windrow seal section between material push-in feed hopper, gasification furnace, makes windrow seal section formation windrow sealing state, and unnecessary rubbish falls
Enter the moving hearth of gasification furnace, rubbish is conveyed into transition and falls slag section, residue pusher is reciprocal by the moving hearth work of gasification furnace
Multiple pusher, falls the rubbish in slag section by transition and is pushed into incinerator, the moving hearth work conveying garbage of incinerator, until rubbish
Rubbish is accumulated to required thickness in the moving hearth of gasification furnace, incinerator, stops feeding intake to feed hopper, gasification furnace and incinerator
Moving hearth is stopped, then, with start-up burner by the igniting combustion supporting hole of gasification furnace and incinerator respectively with gasification furnace
Communicated with the burner hearth of incinerator, in the presence of start-up burner, furnace lifting, baker are carried out to gasification furnace and incinerator, this is treated
Process stabilization is completed, and gasification furnace and incinerator burner hearth is reached 600-700 DEG C of predetermined temperature；
Step B, startup regulation circulation air feed system, the technique of regulation gasification furnace, incinerator and circulation air feed system are joined
Number, feeds intake to feed hopper, and the moving hearth work conveying garbage of gasification furnace, rubbish proceeds by combustion in the burner hearth of gasification furnace
Burn, rubbish residue falls accumulation at slag section in transition and forms windrow sealing, is stabilized to the stove chamber inner combustion state temperature of gasification furnace
More than 850 DEG C, the moving hearth work of incinerator exports the rubbish residue after burning；
Step C, regulation gasification furnace, incinerator and each technological parameter for circulating air feed system, gasification furnace is gradually to rubbish
Gasified, make the stable synthesis gas for producing 10%-20% of gasification furnace, make incinerator fired state temperature stabilization to 850 DEG C with
On, realize rubbish continuous gasification burning disposal；
It step D, need to overhaul or during blowing out, stop feeding intake, regulation gasification furnace, incinerator and the technique for circulating air feed system
Parameter, makes gasification furnace be gradually restored to fired state, after rubbish and rubbish residue are burnt, and closes stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification
Incinerator and circulation air feed system.
In order to integrate and be controlled cyclone combustion chamber with incinerator and circulation air feed system, it is preferable that step C
In, each technological parameter of cyclone combustion chamber need to be adjusted simultaneously, make the flue gas exit temperature of cyclone combustion chamber the 3rd be stabilized to 850 DEG C with
On；In step D, each technological parameter of cyclone combustion chamber need to be adjusted simultaneously, gasification furnace is gradually restored to fired state.
By adopting the above-described technical solution, the present invention has the advantages that：
Air blower blasts air and provides First air for incinerator and provide temperature adjustment air feed for cyclone separator, high-temperature blower,
By the second regulation valve regulation wind supply quantity on correspondence pipeline, incinerator residue is set fully to burn；Then, high-temperature blower extracts combustion
The flue gas of cinder stove, after temperature adjustment and cyclone collection flying dust, forms the flue gas supply gasification furnace of certain pressure once
Wind and Secondary Air, by the first regulation valve regulation wind supply quantity on correspondence pipeline, make rubbish in gasification furnace produce gasification, contain one
The flue gas of quantitative synthesis gas, from the discharge of the first exhanst gas outlet, into cyclone combustion chamber processing links, cyclone combustion chamber provides high temperature
Flue gas.Present inventive concept is novel, and garbage treatment quantity is big, and the rubbish bed of material undergoes dry, gasification and the combustion of residue on stoker fired grate
In the cinder stage, the characteristics such as China's house refuse water content height, complicated component are adapted to, improve the energy conversion in garbage processing procedure
Pollutant discharge amount in efficiency and reduction flue gas, effectively prevents secondary pollution, and can realize large-scale rubbish continuous gasification
Burning disposal, it is ensured that refuse gasification burns effect and lime-ash clinker ignition loss, relative to reduce thermal losses and improve heat exchanger effectiveness, carries
The high thermal efficiency.
Gasification furnace, incinerator are provided separately, and the vault of gasification furnace sets the first exhanst gas outlet, and the vault of incinerator sets the
Two exhanst gas outlets, handle flue gas beneficial to the difference according to flue gas quality, while being conducive to flue gas ash removal, can provide more respectively
The flue gas of high-quality, makes the utilization rate of flue gas higher, and the waste residue of discharge is less.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of cyclone combustion chamber in Fig. 1.
Reference
1 is incinerator, and 101 be grate, and 102 be feed hopper, and 103 be gasification furnace, and 104 be incinerator, and 105 be stove
Bed, 106 be garbage pusher device, and 107 be an air compartment, and 108 be windrow seal section, and 109 be that transition falls slag section, and 110 push away for residue
Glassware, 111 be isolating door, and 112 be the first exhanst gas outlet, and 113 be the second exhanst gas outlet, and 114 be igniting combustion supporting hole, and 115 be two
Secondary air feed mouthful, 116 be slag notch, and 117 be to fall cinder notch；
2 be circulation air feed system, and 201 be dust arrester, and 202 be the first blower fan, and 203 be the second blower fan, and 204 be the first discrimination
Pipe, 205 be the second manifold, and 206 be the 3rd manifold, and 207 be the first regulating valve, and 208 be the second regulating valve, and 209 be the 3rd regulation
Valve；
3 be cyclone combustion chamber, and 301 be combustion chamber ignition combustion-supporting hole, and 302 be taper slag notch, and 303 be smoke inlet, 304
It is combustion air air feed mouthful for the 3rd exhanst gas outlet, 305.
Embodiment
It is a kind of preferred embodiment of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU referring to Fig. 1, including incinerator
1, the incinerator 1 includes grate 101, and feed hopper 102, the gas set gradually on grate 101 along feedstock direction
Change stove 103 and incinerator 104, the rear of incinerator 104 is the slag notch of incinerator 104, and gasification furnace 103 is mainly to rubbish
Carbon-containing part is gasified, and discharges flammable gasification flue gas and rubbish residue, and incinerator 104 is substantially carried out at the burning of carbon residue
Reason, and discharge innoxious lime-ash.The siege 105 of gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 is using the mechanical kiln of the independent driving of segmentation
Row's formula moving hearth 105, the fire grate of stoker fired grate formula moving hearth 105 is the weight before and after moving grate plate and fixed grate plate
It is folded, it is spaced collect form, adjacent multigroup moving grate plate is connected by pull bar, is driven using a set of drive device.Machine
Tool grate-type moving hearth 105 is as the carrier of conveying garbage, and embodiments thereof can be all types of moving hearths 105, such as chain
Board-like, drum-type, multisection type fire grate system etc..
The grate 101 is provided with garbage pusher device 106, and the garbage pusher device 106 is located at the lower section of feed hopper 102,
For the rubbish in feed hopper 102 to be pushed into gasification furnace 103, the lower section of the moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103 and incinerator
104 moving hearths 105 are respectively arranged below with least one air compartment 107 being independently arranged, the present embodiment, with gasification furnace
The corresponding fire grate of an air compartment 107 of 103 first halfs, drive device, as the dryer section of the siege 105 of gasification furnace 103, with gasification
The latter half of corresponding fire grate of an air compartment 107 of stove 103, drive device as the siege 105 of gasification furnace 103 gasification section.Gasification
The 1-2 independent air feeds of air compartment 107 can be respectively adopted in dryer section, the gasification section of the siege 105 of stove 103, can also distinguish
Using the 3-4 independent air feeds of air compartment 107.Certainly, fire grate, drive device and an air compartment 107 can not be also correspondingly arranged,
Preferably adjust bed of material movement and air distribution relation on moving hearth 105.Incinerator 104 can be using 1-4 independent First airs
The air feed of room 107, burns rear lime-ash and is excluded from slag notch, into next step treatment process.
Windrow seal section 108 is provided between the feed hopper 102, gasification furnace 103, the work of garbage pusher device 106 is entered to be located in place
In in windrow seal section 108, garbage raw material is put into from feed hopper 102 and fallen, and garbage pusher device 106 is retreated, then is promoted, reciprocal many
Secondary pusher makes the entrance of gasification furnace 103 be in windrow sealing state in the formation windrow of windrow seal section 108, and enhancing gasification furnace 103 is close
Effect is sealed, garbage pusher device 106 and the easy leakage problem of feed hopper 102 is solved.When needing the complete prepurging to dispose all rubbish,
The forward impelling half stroke again of garbage pusher device 106, rubbish is pushed completely into gasification furnace 103, the entrance of gasification furnace 103 is lost
Windrow sealing effectiveness.Transition is left on the part of grate 101 between the gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 and falls slag section 109, institute
State transition and fall slag section and 109 be provided with residue pusher 110, the rubbish residue for will be fallen in gasification furnace 103 is pushed into incinerator
In 104, transition falls slag section 109 and can be at windrow sealing state when accumulating rubbish residue, strengthens the sealing effectiveness of gasification furnace 103,
The problem of solving string wind between gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104.In the present embodiment, the transition falls in slag section 109 that be provided with can
The isolating door 111 of opening and closing, the isolating door 111 is used to separate gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104.Furnace lifting initial stage or need control
When altering wind between gasification furnace 103 and incinerator processed, isolating door 111 is closed, a certain amount of residue formation windrow is stacked when falling slag section
After sealing, isolating door 111 can be kept to open, coordinate to use with the residue pusher 110 that lower section is set, to realize that rubbish is continuous
Gasification burning processing.
The upper end of the gasification furnace 103, the upper end of incinerator 104 are respectively in the shape that arches upward, and the face arch of the gasification furnace 103 is
Flat construction, or, the face arch of gasification furnace 103 is inclined upwardly structure for rear end.The vault of the gasification furnace 103 sets the first cigarette
Gas outlet 112, the vault of the incinerator 104 sets the second exhanst gas outlet 113, and the upper end of gasification furnace 103 is arched upward, burnt
Igniting combustion supporting hole 114 is respectively equipped with the arching upward of the upper end of stove 104.Flue gas gasify from the first exhanst gas outlet 112, the second exhanst gas outlet
113 exclude, and the furnace cavity of gasification furnace 103 is relatively reduced compared with traditional waste incinerator；Forward and backward arch and moving hearth 105
Relative position diminishes, and reduces the space of incinerator occupancy, is also easier to insulation, reduces the amount of leakage of heat, be conducive to rubbish
Rubbish fully gasifies.Secondary air feed mouthful 115 is set respectively on the face arch of the gasification furnace 103, rear arch.
Also include circulation air feed system 2, the circulation air feed system 2 includes dust arrester 201, the first blower fan 202, second
Blower fan 203, the dust arrester 201 is cyclone separator or hot precipitator, in the present embodiment, the dust arrester 201
For cyclone separator.First blower fan 202 is high-temperature blower, and second blower fan 203 is air blower.The dust arrester
201 inlet end is connected by pipeline with the second exhanst gas outlet 113, and the outlet side of the dust arrester 201 passes through pipeline and
The inlet end connection of one blower fan 202, the outlet side of first blower fan 202 connects the house steward of the first manifold 204, first discrimination
The branch pipe of pipe 204 each air compartment 107 and the face arch of gasification furnace 103 respectively with the lower section of the moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103,
Secondary air feed mouthful 115 on rear arch is connected, and the first regulating valve 207 is set respectively on each branch pipe of first manifold 204, is gasified
The First air of stove 103 is that the flue gas generation certain pressure of high-temperature blower extraction incinerator 104 blasts the shifting of the stoker fired grate formula of gasification furnace 103
Below dynamic siege 105 in a corresponding air compartment 107, then by an air holes spray penetration rubbish on moving hearth 105, enter
Promoting the circulation of qi, wind supply quantity is adjusted by the first regulating valve 207 on each branch pipe of correspondence.The Secondary Air of gasification furnace 103 is that high-temperature blower is taken out
Take the flue gas of incinerator 104 to produce certain pressure and blast the burner hearth of gasification furnace 103, its spray-hole be arranged on the face arch of gasification furnace 103 and
On rear arch.Secondary air feed mouthful 115 is provided with forward and backward arch, polymer substance in gasification efficiency, enhancing flue gas is improved and decomposes.Afterwards
It is provided with igniting combustion supporting hole 114 on arch, temperature is used in furnace lifting, baker and stable gasification furnace 103, passes through the on each branch pipe of correspondence
One regulating valve 207 adjusts wind supply quantity.The air inlet and atmosphere of second blower fan 203, the air that the second blower fan 203 is blasted
Can be cold wind or the hot blast after heating.The gas outlet of second blower fan 203 connects the house steward of the second manifold 205, institute
State each air compartment 107 and dust arrester of the branch pipe of the second manifold 205 respectively with the lower section of 104 moving hearth of incinerator 105
Second regulating valve 208 is set respectively on 201 inlet end, outlet side connection, each branch pipe of second manifold 205.Incinerator
104 First airs are that the air of certain pressure is blasted the corresponding air compartment in the lower section of stoker fired grate formula moving hearth 105 by air blower
In 107, then by an air holes spray penetration residue on moving hearth 105, residual burning is carried out, by each branch pipe of correspondence
The first regulating valve 207 regulation wind supply quantity.The inlet end of dust arrester 201, the air intake of outlet side are temperature adjustment air feed, temperature adjustment air feed
To be air blower by the air of certain pressure, which blast incinerator 104, exports (i.e. cyclone inlet) and carries out temperature adjustment, meanwhile, whirlwind
Separator outlet (i.e. high-temperature blower entrance) blasts further temperature adjustment, is adjusted by the first regulating valve 207 on each branch pipe of correspondence
Wind supply quantity.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of cyclone combustion chamber 3.The upper end of the cyclone combustion chamber 3 is combustion-supporting provided with combustion chamber ignition
Hole 301, the lower end of cyclone combustion chamber 3 is provided with the taper slag notch 302 that radius diminishes from top to bottom, and the cyclone combustion chamber 3 is justified
The top of perisporium sets smoke inlet 303, and the bottom of the circumferential wall of cyclone combustion chamber 3 sets the 3rd exhanst gas outlet 304, described
Some combustion air air feeds mouthful 305 are uniformly provided with the circumferential wall of cyclone combustion chamber 3, each combustion air air feed mouthful 305 is respectively positioned on flue gas
Between entrance 303, the 3rd exhanst gas outlet 304.The smoke inlet 303, the 3rd exhanst gas outlet 304 are justified positioned at cyclone combustion chamber 3
The opposite side of perisporium；3rd exhanst gas outlet 304 is radially or tangentially set along the circumferential wall of cyclone combustion chamber 3.Also include the 3rd
Manifold 206, the house steward of the 3rd manifold 206 connects with the gas outlet of the second blower fan 203, each of the 3rd manifold 206
Pipe is connected with each combustion air air feed mouthful 305 respectively, and the 3rd regulating valve 209 is set respectively on each branch pipe of the 3rd manifold 206.Whirlwind
The smoke inlet 303 of combustion chamber 3 and combustion-supporting air feed mouthful are arranged in the circumferential wall of cyclone combustion chamber 3, can be cyclone firing
Flue gas in room 3 is longer with air mixture time, and mixing is more uniformly distributed, and is more fully burnt.The combustion-supporting air feed of cyclone combustion chamber 3
To be air blower blast combustion-supporting air feed mouthful by the air of certain pressure is injected into cyclone combustion chamber 3, and combustion-supporting air feed approach axis can
To be radially or tangentially；Carry out syngas combustion.Meanwhile, the flue gas that high-temperature blower extracts incinerator 104 produces certain pressure drum
Enter two on the corresponding air compartment 107 in the lower section of 103 stoker fired grate formula moving hearth of gasification furnace 105 and the forward and backward arch of gasification furnace 103
Secondary air compartment, first manifold 204 also has the branch pipe that is connected with cyclone combustion chamber smoke inlet, and the branch pipe is provided with pair
The regulating valve answered.What high-temperature blower was extracted has not utilized remainder flue gas, then is injected into by the smoke inlet of cyclone combustion chamber 3
Enter cyclone combustion chamber 3, carry out syngas combustion, by corresponding regulation valve regulation wind supply quantity, this structure can reduce thermal losses
With raising heat exchanger effectiveness, the organic efficiency of heat is substantially increased, and pollutant discharge amount can be efficiently reduced.
The incinerator 104 is provided with cinder notch 117, and the slag notch 116 of the incinerator 104 falls cinder notch positioned at incinerator
117 underface, it is described fall cinder notch 117 connected by pipeline with the slag notch of dust arrester 201.This sealing structure effect is good,
Reduction pollutant discharge amount can effectively be held.
A kind of waste disposal method of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU, this method is carried out according to the following steps：
Step A, the gate for closing stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator 1 and atmospheric vent, start mechanical grate-type rubbish
Rubbish incinerator 1, puts into feed hopper 102, the pusher back and forth of garbage pusher device 106 will be from feed hopper 102 by garbage raw material
The garbage raw material fallen is pushed into the windrow seal section 108 between feed hopper 102, gasification furnace 103, forms windrow seal section 108
Windrow sealing state, unnecessary rubbish falls into the moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103, and the moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103 works,
Rubbish is conveyed into transition and falls slag section 109, transition is fallen the rubbish in slag section 109 and pushed away by the pusher back and forth of residue pusher 110
Enter in incinerator 104, the work conveying garbage of moving hearth 105 of incinerator 104, until rubbish is in gasification furnace 103, incinerator
104 moving hearth 105 is accumulated to required thickness：0.6-0.8m, during baker, the rubbish accumulated can protect mobile stove
Bed 105, prevents scaling loss siege 105.Stop feeding intake to feed hopper 102, the moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 stops
Only work, then, with start-up burner by the igniting combustion supporting hole 114 of gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 respectively with gasification furnace
103 and the burner hearth of incinerator 104 communicate, in the presence of start-up burner, gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 are carried out furnace lifting,
Baker, treats that this process stabilization is completed, gasification furnace 103 and the burner hearth of incinerator 104 is reached 600-700 DEG C of predetermined temperature；Baker
Purpose be in order to remove the Natural Water and the crystallization water in lining, in order to avoid when going into operation due to furnace temperature rise it is too fast, moisture content is a large amount of
Expansion causes body of heater spalling, bubbling or deformation even furnace wall to collapse, and influences the intensity and service life of heating furnace furnace wall.
Step B, startup regulation circulation air feed system 2, regulation gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104 and circulation air feed system 2
Technological parameter (pusher speed, fire grate speed, wind-warm syndrome, blast and air quantity, secondary air temperature, blast and air quantity, furnace temperature,
Negative pressure, thickness of feed layer etc. in stove), fed intake to feed hopper 102, the work conveying garbage of moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103, rubbish
Burning is proceeded by the burner hearth of gasification furnace 103, rubbish residue falls in transition to be accumulated to form windrow sealing at slag section 109, is made
The stove chamber inner combustion state temperature of gasification furnace 103 is stabilized to more than 850 DEG C, the work output combustion of moving hearth 105 of incinerator 104
Rubbish residue after cinder.
Step C, regulation gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104 and each technological parameter (the pusher speed for circulating air feed system 2
Degree, fire grate speed, wind-warm syndrome, blast and air quantity, secondary air temperature, blast and air quantity, furnace temperature, negative pressure, thickness of feed layer in stove
Deng), gasification furnace 103 gradually gasifies to rubbish, and gasification temperature is stable between 700-800 DEG C, makes the stable production of gasification furnace 103
The high-temperature flue gas of the raw synthesis gas containing 10%-20%, the stable progress low temperature of the vaporized state of gasification furnace 103, middle temperature or high-temperature gasification are equal
Can.Make the fired state temperature stabilization of incinerator 104 to more than 850 DEG C, realize rubbish continuous gasification burning disposal；It need to adjust simultaneously
Each technological parameter of cyclone combustion chamber 3, makes the temperature stabilization of the 3rd exhanst gas outlet of cyclone combustion chamber 3 304 to more than 850 DEG C.
It step D, need to overhaul or during blowing out, stop feeding intake, regulation gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104 and circulation air feed system
2 technological parameter, makes gasification furnace 103 be gradually restored to fired state, after rubbish and rubbish residue are burnt, and closes stoker fired grate
Formula refuse gasification incinerator 1 and circulation air feed system 2.Each technological parameter of cyclone combustion chamber 3 need to be adjusted simultaneously, make gasification furnace
103 are gradually restored to fired state.
Finally illustrate, preferred embodiment above is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and unrestricted, although logical
Cross above preferred embodiment the present invention is described in detail, it is to be understood by those skilled in the art that can be
Various changes are made to it in form and in details, without departing from claims of the present invention limited range.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU, including incinerator, it is characterised in that：The incinerator
Including grate, and feed hopper, gasification furnace and the incinerator set gradually on grate along feedstock direction, the rear of gasification furnace is
Gasification furnace falls cinder notch, and incinerator is located at the front lower place that gasification furnace falls cinder notch, the rear of incinerator is the slag notch of incinerator, institute
Grate is stated provided with garbage pusher device, the garbage pusher device is located at the lower section of feed hopper, for the rubbish in feed hopper to be pushed away
Enter in gasification furnace, the lower section of gasification furnace moving hearth and incinerator moving hearth are respectively arranged below with least one and independently set
The air compartment put, is provided with windrow seal section, the grate between the gasification furnace and incinerator between the feed hopper, gasification furnace
Transition is left on part and falls slag section, the transition falls slag section and is provided with residue pusher, for the rubbish that will be fallen in gasification furnace
In residue push-in incinerator；
The gasification furnace, incinerator include furnace shell, moving hearth respectively, and the forward and backward side of the gasification furnace is close by windrow respectively
Envelope section, transition fall slag section sealing, and the transition falls slag section isolation gasification furnace, incinerator, makes gasification furnace, incinerator separate；
The gasification furnace, incinerator set secondary air feed mouthful respectively respectively in arching upward shape on the face arch of the gasification furnace, rear arch,
Vault the first exhanst gas outlet of setting of the gasification furnace, vault the second exhanst gas outlet of setting of the incinerator, the gasification furnace,
Igniting combustion supporting hole is respectively equipped with incinerator；
Also include circulation air feed system, the circulation air feed system includes dust arrester, the first blower fan, the second blower fan, described to remove
The inlet end of dirt device is connected by pipeline with the second exhanst gas outlet, and the outlet side of the dust arrester passes through pipeline and the first wind
The inlet end connection of machine, the outlet side of first blower fan connects the house steward of the first manifold, the branch pipe difference of first manifold
Connected with the secondary air feed mouthful on each air compartment and gasification trimmer arch, rear arch of the lower section of gasification furnace moving hearth, it is described
First regulating valve, the air inlet and atmosphere of second blower fan, described second are set respectively on each branch pipe of first manifold
The gas outlet of blower fan connects the house steward of the second manifold, the branch pipe of second manifold respectively with it is each below incinerator moving hearth
The second tune is set respectively on the inlet end of air compartment and dust arrester, outlet side connection, each branch pipe of second manifold
Save valve.
2. a kind of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Also include being used for
The cyclone combustion chamber of second-time burning, the upper end of the cyclone combustion chamber is provided with combustion chamber ignition combustion-supporting hole, cyclone combustion chamber
End sets smoke inlet, institute provided with the taper slag notch that radius diminishes from top to bottom, the top of the cyclone combustion chamber circumferential wall
The bottom for stating cyclone combustion chamber circumferential wall sets the 3rd exhanst gas outlet, is uniformly provided with the circumferential wall of the cyclone combustion chamber some
Combustion air air feed mouthful, each combustion air air feed mouthful is respectively positioned between smoke inlet, the 3rd exhanst gas outlet.
3. a kind of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The flue gas enters
Mouth, the 3rd exhanst gas outlet are located at the opposite side of cyclone combustion chamber circumferential wall；3rd exhanst gas outlet is along cyclone combustion chamber circumference
Wall is radially or tangentially set.
4. a kind of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU according to Claims 2 or 3, it is characterised in that：Also include
3rd manifold, the house steward of the 3rd manifold connects with the gas outlet of the second blower fan, each branch pipe of the 3rd manifold respectively with
The 3rd regulating valve is set respectively on each combustion air air feed mouthful connection, each branch pipe of the 3rd manifold.
5. a kind of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The dedusting dress
It is set to cyclone separator or hot precipitator；First blower fan is high-temperature blower, and second blower fan is air blower.
6. a kind of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The transition falls
Isolating door to be opened/closed is provided with slag section, the isolating door is used to separate gasification furnace, incinerator.
7. a kind of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The gasification furnace
Face arch be flat construction, or, the face arch of gasification furnace is inclined upwardly structure for rear end.
8. a kind of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The incinerator
It is provided with cinder notch, the slag notch of the incinerator is located at the underface that incinerator falls cinder notch, and the incinerator falls cinder notch and passed through
Pipeline is connected with the slag notch of dust arrester.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107987855A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-05-04 | 利百川环保科技有限公司 | Box-like pyrolysis gasification furnace in one kind |
| CN108192669B (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2020-09-15 | 浙江麦知网络科技有限公司 | Biomass drying and gasifying device |
| CN108998099B (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2020-08-04 | 浙江大学 | Gasification method for household garbage with staggered grates |
| CN111174211A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-05-19 | 上海环境卫生工程设计院有限公司 | Waste incineration system |
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Effective date of registration: 20230307 Address after: No. 3, Jianqiao Avenue, Jianqiao Industrial Park, Dadukou District, Chongqing 401325 Patentee after: Chongqing Sanfeng Environment Group Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: Chongqing University of Science & Technology Address before: 401331 Huxi University Town, Shapingba District, Chongqing Patentee before: Chongqing University of Science & Technology |