CN1056171C - Cyclone steam sealing fire prospecting device of atmospheric fixed bed gas-producer - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fire probing device for a coal gas generating furnace of a constant pressure fixed bed, which comprises a steam curtain device composed of a press cover, a fire probing opening, a steam inlet, a steam inlet chamber, an annular slot and a nozzle. The present invention is characterized in that the nozzle of the steam curtain device is a conical diffusion pipe, and a swirler for improving the steam seal capability of the fire probing device is arranged between the conical diffusion pipe and the fire probing opening, and can be an assembled body composed of a circular cylinder and a conical pipe; the section of the circular cylinder is connected with the conical diffusion pipe and is provided with the steam inlet, and the annular slot is formed between a conical section and the fire probing opening. The present invention also uses the end surface of the press cover for sealing, and overcomes the defects that the inner conical surface is easy to break when sealed on a rod, and thereby, the fire probing device is safe and reliable.

Description

The cyclone steam sealing fire prospecting device of atmospheric fixed bed gas-producer

The present invention is the fire detecting arrangement that is used for atmospheric fixed bed gas-producer.

Atmospheric fixed bed gas-producer is made up of body of heater, coal supply apparatus, ash handling equipment three parts usually.Its main body is a body of heater, here, solid fuel (coal or coke) and vaporized chemical (air＜oxygen 〉+water vapor) under hot conditions, react, change into geseous fuel.Body of heater is a columniform jacketed vessel, is softening water in the chuck, is used for cooling off inner casing, produces water vapor.Fuel inlet and gas exit are arranged at top; One rotary grate is arranged at the bottom, and travelling grate is discharged ash from the fire grate slit, arrives the ash bucket of fire grate below.Solid fuel (coal or coke) enters burner hearth by the top coal supply apparatus, and fuel bed and slag layer are by bottom fire grate supporting, and vaporized chemical is entered by the gasification agent inlet of bottom, through the fire grate uniform distribution, contacts with the bed of material and to carry out gasification reaction.The bed of material is broadly divided into grieshoch, fuel bed, reducing zone, destructive distillation layer and drying layer.Vaporized chemical is entered the grieshoch of fire grate top by the fire grate slit, give heat through hot ash, enter the fuel bed of grieshoch top, the charcoal effect of oxygen in the vaporized chemical and fuel generates carbon dioxide packing and a spot of carbonic oxide, emits a large amount of heat, the gas that generates rises with unreacted vaporized chemical, meet with top red-hot charcoal, carbon dioxide packing and water vapor are reduced into carbonic oxide and hydrogen, and this layer is called reducing zone; Gas that generates in reducing zone and undecomposed water vapor continue to rise, and the fuel above the heating carries out destructive distillation, and this layer is called the destructive distillation layer.The gas that destructive distillation gas and bottom are come mixes, and promptly producer gas continues to rise, and uppermost solid fuel is given heated drying, enters the producer gas generator upper space, and temperature descends, and is discharged by gas exit.

Protect and levy normally carrying out of gasifying in the burner hearth, must guarantee vaporized chemical uniform distribution in the burner hearth, guarantee certain grey layer height, do not burnt out with the protection rotary grate.Otherwise, will influence normal gasification operation and gas quality.For this reason, the operator must often survey fuel bed, grieshoch---visit fire.The general fire exploring hole that some amount is set on body of heater is observed the fuel bed surface by fire exploring hole, promptly inserts the temperature distribution situation that fire exploring hole is surveyed each layer in the stove with drill rod, instructs the operation of producer gas generator, keeps bed stable.Because furnace pressure is higher than normal atmosphere, when fire exploring hole was opened, the inevitable hot gas that outwards sprays can't carry out the spy fire, therefore must solve the sealing gland problem.

The fire detecting arrangement (as Fig. 7) that atmospheric fixed bed gas-producer is commonly used is made up of stopper gland 1, spy burner 2 and vapour proscenia three parts.The vapour proscenia comprises steam inlet 3, air chamber 4, annulus 5, nozzle 6, and visiting the burner inwall is the conical surface and the combination of stopper gland.During operation, open steam valve earlier, when steam enters the annulus of visiting between burner and the nozzle through steam inlet, air chamber, high velocity vapor stream forms one deck steam screen, the interior coal gas of stove can not be leaked, at this moment by the vapour curtain, can take away the stopper gland, insert drill rod and visit fire.Visit fire and finish, extract drill rod, the steam off valve is built the stopper gland.

U.S. Pat 4479808, introduced a kind of fire detecting arrangement of atmospheric fixed bed gas-producer, this fire detecting arrangement be one upwards, outward extending tapered tubular body, there is a movable sealing plate outer end of tubular channel, rotates movable sealing plate, open pressure lock, the tubular channel of air admission fire exploring hole, air pressure can be sent the coal gas in the pipeline, dust in the stove back to a little more than furnace pressure, when the sealing cover plate hole forwards to when overlapping with the fire exploring hole ending cover hole, visit picker bar and can insert and visits fire.When extracting the spy picker bar, rotatable movable seal cover board is closed pressure lock, stops to supply gas, and visits fire and finishes.

Though above-mentioned two kinds of fire detecting arrangements all have certain sealing gland effect, their weak point is that the ability of sealing gland is lower.Along with the development of production technology, the working pressure of atmospheric fixed bed gas-producer is also improving constantly, and the fire detecting arrangement of prior art can't satisfy the requirement that improves the atmospheric fixed bed gas-producer working pressure.

The objective of the invention is in order to satisfy the requirement that atmospheric fixed bed gas-producer improves working pressure, and fire detecting arrangement a kind of high sealing gland ability, safety and reliability is provided.

Technical scheme of the present invention is in existing fire detecting arrangement a swirler to be set, and forms cyclone steam sealing fire prospecting device.Its principle is: the steam flow of introducing high speed rotating in swirler, produce the inside and outside eddy current of intensive, more near the center, rotate strongly more, speed is fast more, makes the coal gas that leaks be in the height disturbance state, produce very big frictional force, when friction resistance equaled furnace pressure, coal gas stopped to leak, and gets back in the stove with steam.

Cyclone steam sealing fire prospecting device mainly comprises: gland, the vapour proscenia of visiting burner and being made up of steam inlet, air chamber, annulus, nozzle, the nozzle that it is characterized in that the vapour proscenia is a kind of taper diffuser pipe, and increase a swirler that is used to improve fire detecting arrangement packing ability between taper diffuser pipe and the spy burner, swirler can be a kind of molectron by cylinder and tapered tube, cylindrical section is connected with the taper diffuser pipe and steam inlet is arranged, between conical section and the spy burner annulus is arranged, swirler can also be made scroll casing type or vane-type.The tapering of taper diffuser pipe should satisfy visits the pendulum angle of picker bar in burner hearth.The seam of gland and spy burner outward flange adopt spiral tooth to be connected with a joggle.Have C shape metallic gasket to contact with visiting the burner flange in the middle of the gland, along with increasing of furnace pressure, C shape gasket expands, and seal contact pressure strengthens.

Advantage of the present invention is:

1,, improved the ability of packing greatly, thereby this fire detecting arrangement can be used for the atmospheric fixed bed gas-producer of elevated pressures owing to the effect of swirler.

2, adopt the gland mechanical seal, overcome the shortcoming that is easily broken when inner conical surface is sealed in inserted link, thereby made the fire detecting arrangement safety and reliability.

Embodiment in conjunction with the accompanying drawings further is illustrated the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a kind of taper rotary fluid cyclone steam sealing fire prospecting device.

Fig. 2 is a kind of scroll casing type cyclone steam sealing fire prospecting device.

Fig. 3 is a kind of vane-type cyclone steam sealing fire prospecting device.

Fig. 4 is the A-A section of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is the B-B section of Fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is the C-C section of Fig. 3.

Fig. 7 is a kind of fire detecting arrangement of prior art.

Shown in Figure 1, swirler 2 is made up of cylinder and circular cone two portions, tangential direction at cylinder has an inlet mouth 5, the annulus 9 that one 0.5～1mm is arranged between the conical end of swirler and the spy burner 3, the outside has a cylinder to surround, form air chamber 10 and be connected to steam inlet 6, the flange outside of visiting burner 3 has at least 4 luer engages with teeth to be connected (as shown in Figure 4) with the stop portion of gland 4, between the flange the inside of spy burner 3 and gland C shape metallic gasket 7 is arranged, when furnace pressure increases, along with C shape seal contact pressure increases.Swirler 2 cylinder end are connected with taper diffuser pipe 1, and the tapering of diffuser pipe adapts with the pendulum angle of spy picker bar in burner hearth.

When visiting fire, at first open steam valve, steam enters in the swirler 2 from inlet mouth 5, make high speed rotary motion along wall, another strand steam from inlet mouth 6 enters simultaneously sprays into the center through air chamber 10 annulus 9, annular steam flow and outside rotation steam flow generation energy transformation, also produce rotation, form two rotation steam flows, enter in the diffuser pipe 1, because the eddy flow center is negative pressure, part coal gas enters, and rotates together owing to be subjected to rotating the steam flow that entrainments and rotate of steam flow, increase along with diameter and range, tangential and the very fast decline of axial velocity, the pressure rise is sent into coal gas in the burner hearth.At this moment, the little negative pressure of tensimeter 8 demonstrations of fire detecting arrangement then, is opened gland, inserts and visits picker bar spy fire, after the spy fire finishes, builds gland, the steam off valve.

Shown in Figure 4, between the flange of the seam of gland 4 and spy burner 3 luer engages with tooth 11,12 is arranged, place C shape metallic gasket 7 between gland 4 and the spy burner flange.After visiting the fire end, utilize 11,12 effects of luer engages with tooth, tighten gland 4, furnace pressure increases, and C shaped metal gasket 7 expands, and contact pressure strengthens, and tensimeter 8 is the positive pressure indication at this moment.

Fig. 2, shown in Figure 5, swirler are the cylinders of dress scroll casing type steam flow passage in, and other constructs same Fig. 1.

Fig. 3, shown in Figure 6, be that swirler is changed into vane-type, steam inlet has only one, when visiting fire, connect steam inlet, center annular steam flow pipe and annulus in the vane-type swirler enter, form the annular steam screen, together rotate from the high speed rotating steam flow drive center steam flow that vane swirler enters, coal gas is sent back in the stove, thereby can visit the fire operation.Other constructs same Fig. 1.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of cyclone steam sealing fire prospecting device that is used for atmospheric fixed bed gas-producer, comprise the vapour proscenia that gland, spy burner and steam inlet, air chamber, annulus, nozzle are formed, the nozzle that it is characterized in that the vapour proscenia is a kind of taper diffuser pipe, and adorn a swirler that is used to improve fire detecting arrangement packing ability between taper diffuser pipe and the spy burner, swirler is the molectron of a kind of cylinder and tapered tube, cylindrical section is connected with the taper diffuser pipe, and steam inlet is arranged, between conical section and the spy burner annulus is arranged.

2, a kind of cyclone steam sealing fire prospecting device that is used for atmospheric fixed bed gas-producer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that on the described gland seam being arranged, between the flange of seam and spy burner the luer engages with tooth is arranged, between gland and spy burner flange, a kind of C shape metallic gasket is housed.

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