CN105613008B - A kind of evening close simple cotton cultivation method to be bound using chemistry - Google Patents

A kind of evening close simple cotton cultivation method to be bound using chemistry Download PDF

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CN105613008B
CN105613008B CN201610033887.3A CN201610033887A CN105613008B CN 105613008 B CN105613008 B CN 105613008B CN 201610033887 A CN201610033887 A CN 201610033887A CN 105613008 B CN105613008 B CN 105613008B
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cotton
flumetralim
chemistry
sprays
mepiquat chloride
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CN105613008A (en
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代建龙
董合忠
埃内吉
李维江
张冬梅
唐薇
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Shandong Cotton Research Center
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00Botany in general
    • A01G7/06Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N33/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds
    • A01N33/16Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds containing nitrogen-to-oxygen bonds
    • A01N33/18Nitro compounds
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/34Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • A01N43/40Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of close simple cotton cultivation methods of evening bound using chemistry.It was sowed in the first tenday period of a month in May, and 2~3 leaf phase final singlings, density of reserved seedlings is controlled at 5500~6000 plants/acre;Then spray chemistry three times to bind agent: first sprays when reaching 9~10 fruit branches inferior to 60% plant of cotton field, and with mepiquat chloride: flumetralim=2:1 mixed liquor sprays leaf branch and its fruit branch is top;Second sprays when reaching 10~11 fruit branches inferior to 60% cotton plant of cotton field, and with mepiquat chloride: flumetralim=1:2 mixed liquor sprays cotton plant stem top;Third is inferior to spray for the second time latter 6-8 days and spray, with mepiquat chloride: flumetralim=1:1, and adds the mixed liquor complete stool sprays of 0.05% urea.The present invention is broadcast by appropriate evening to be reduced rotten bell and alleviates early ageing, is bound and is pinched instead of artificial pruning by improving density and chemistry, saving of work and time, net profit significantly improves.

Description

A kind of evening close simple cotton cultivation method to be bound using chemistry
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cotton cultivation method, be specifically related to a kind of evening bound using chemistry close letter (late spring broadcasts+ High density+simplification training) cotton cultivation method, it is suitable for Yellow River basin cotton region.
Background technique
Cotton topping is an important technique measure that cannot be reduced or remitted in cotton culture technology, usually manual operations, is taken a lot of work Time-consuming, replacing artificial topping with chemistry topping is to realize that cotton gently simplifies the important channel of production.Currently, chemical capping technology exists The research application of Northwest inland cotton region is more, such as published " a kind of cotton chemistry topping method " (Chinese invention patent application number: 201210339336.1, applicant: Xinjiang Agricultural Univ), " a kind of precocity cotton region new cotton spends chemical topping method " (middle promulgated by the State Council Bright number of patent application: 201410170088.1, applicant: Xinjiang Academy of Land Reclamation &. Cultivation) etc. described in, mostly use and singly apply mepiquat chloride Or flumetralim carries out chemical pruning topping.Wherein, whole strain, which sprays mepiquat chloride, can control cotton robust growth, mould plant type, Top spray flumetralim can inhibit top growth, control plant height.
The existing cultivation mode of the ripe spring cotton in Yellow River basin cotton region one are as follows: proper seeding (mid or late April)+intermediate density (3500 plants/left and right)+fine training.The cultivation mode is not only time-consuming (cotton field, which is finely pruned, per acre needs 3-4 work), and And Cotton Boll Rot is more, easy early ageing.Under this cultivation mode, fine training is replaced using existing chemical pruning technology, is also deposited In following disadvantage: controlling effect for increaseization, need to increase the number that sprays of mepiquat chloride and its flumetralim, the time of infertility is total to be sprayed 5~7 times, cumbersome, artificial investment is big, time-consuming;And it is influenced by factors such as weather and soil fertilities, mepiquat chloride and flumetralim The time of application and the more difficult assurance of dosage easily cause to control the underproduction also or the generation of the light excessive growth of control.Simultaneously because the Yellow River is flowed The planting density in domain cotton region is far below 12000~18000 plants/acre of the planting density in Northwest inland cotton region, using repeatedly singly applying Though mepiquat chloride or flumetralim can preferably control the longitudinal growth of cotton plant, the cross growth of lower fruit branch, especially leaf branch compared with To be serious, easily cause to cover, rotten bell caused to increase, cotton leaf it is de- without falling phenomena such as.Therefore it researches and develops a kind of for the Yellow River Basin cotton region with chemistry bind for the cotton culture technology of core it is very necessary.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned technical problem present in existing Yellow River basin cotton region cultivation mode (especially capping technology), originally Invention establishes a kind of evening bound using chemistry close simple cotton cultivation method.The present invention is broadcast by appropriate evening to be reduced rotten bell and delays Early ageing is solved, binds and pinches instead of artificial pruning by improving density and chemistry, in key developmental stages by spraying different ratio Mepiquat chloride+flumetralim uses liquid with, can targetedly control the horizontal and vertical growth of cotton plant, and entire breeding timeization controls 3 times i.e. Can, saving of work and time, change control effect is good, and the not underproduction.
The technical scheme is that a kind of evening close simple cotton cultivation method to be bound using chemistry, characterized in that
(1) the first tenday period of a month in May are sowed, 2~3 leaf phase final singlings, and density of reserved seedlings control is at 5500~6000 plants/acre, paid density 5000 plants or more;
(2) chemistry binds: it is sprayed three times, as follows respectively:
A. it is sprayed (at the beginning of 7 months) when first reaches 9~10 fruit branches inferior to 60% plant of cotton field, with quality than mepiquat chloride: fluorine Section amine=2:1 mixed liquor sprays leaf branch and its fruit branch is top, to limit the cross growth of leaf branch and its fruit branch;
B. it is sprayed (7 days or so after spraying for the first time) when second reaches 10~11 fruit branches inferior to 60% cotton plant of cotton field, with Quality is than mepiquat chloride: flumetralim=1:2 mixed liquor sprays cotton plant stem top, inhibits the longitudinal growth of cotton plant, controls plant height;
C. third is inferior to spray for the second time latter 6-8 days and spray, with quality than mepiquat chloride: flumetralim=1:1, and adds The mixed liquor complete stool sprays of 0.05% urea, integrally to play the role of plastotype to cotton plant.
After above-mentioned chemistry binds, at 11~13, plant height is controlled in 100~120cm the final fruit branch control of cotton.
Preferably, above-mentioned chemistry, which binds, to prevent and treat operation together with disease pest and weed, artificial to save.
Preferably, the above-mentioned medical fluid sprayed three times specifically: the medical fluid sprayed for the first time are as follows: 8~10ml, 25% mepiquat chloride 25% flumetralim of+4~5ml, is watered 20kg.The medical fluid sprayed for the second time are as follows: 10~12ml, 25%+20~24ml of mepiquat chloride 25% flumetralim, is watered 25kg.The medical fluid that third time sprays are as follows: 6~8ml, 25%+6~8ml of mepiquat chloride, 25% flumetralim is converted Water 30kg, and add 0.05% urea in proportion (i.e. 15g urea is added in 30kg water).
It is compared with the traditional method, cultural method of the invention has the advantage that
(1) process simplifies, time and labour saving
The present invention using late spring broadcasts (the first tenday period of a month in May)+high density (5500~6000 plants/acre)+chemistry and binds (to be indulged again after first horizontal Coordinate) replace artificial pruning to pinch.Traditional control number is at 5~7 times or so, and this method whole process only changes control 3 times, and can be with disease Worm prevention and control of weeds merges operation, changes control effect and is also obviously improved, hence it is evident that reduces recruitment investment, realize cotton development stage Full range control it is light letter with efficiently;
(2) knot bell is concentrated, convenient for harvesting
The present invention, using the change control strategy of " indulge after first horizontal and coordinate again ", is guaranteeing the enough trophosomes of cotton plant and fruit branch to cotton plant Under the premise of number, takes the lead in terminating leaf branch growth, guarantee that enough nutrients are shifted to fruit branch and reproductive organs;And pass through control fruit The fruit joint number of branch, to realize that knot bell is concentrated;Nutrient supply needed for the addition of later period foliar fertilizer further ensures Boll Development, Guarantee the not underproduction, bell is big, and prematureness is up to 90% or more, convenient for harvesting.
(3) prevent rotten bell, control early ageing
The present invention is broadcast by appropriate evening to be reduced rotten bell and alleviates early ageing, is bound by improving density and chemistry instead of artificial whole Branch topping uses liquid with by spraying mepiquat chloride+flumetralim of different ratio in key developmental stages, can targetedly control cotton The horizontal and vertical growth of strain, saving of work and time, change control effect is good, and the not only not underproduction, there are also certain effect of increasing production.
Specific embodiment
The 25% mepiquat chloride aqua that the present invention selects Sichuan Guoguang Agrochemical Co., Ltd. to produce, Zhejiang standing grain field chemical industry have 25% flumetralim missible oil of limit company production and the leaded wastewater 46% of Shandong Kingenta Bio-engineering Stock Co., Ltd.'s production are urinated Element.
Embodiment 1:
This test is using cotton variety K836 as test material, in continuous 2 years 2014~2015 years in the research of Shandong cotton Carry out heart Linqing experiment station.Conventional Time is set and sows (April 20)+middle density (3000 plants/acre)+artificial fine training, evening Spring sowing (May 5)+high density (5500 plants/acre)+artificial fine training and late spring broadcast (May 5)+high density (5500 plants/acre) + chemistry, which binds 3, to be handled, and is repeated 3 times, totally 9 cells, plot area 40m2, planted using line-spacings such as 6 row areas, line-spacing 76cm. The conventional seed planting time is April 20, is May 5 between sowing time late spring, is covered using two row of wide film (120cm) film.2~3 leaf phases Final singling.Wherein, the time of infertility, manually finely training included going leaf branch, removes superfluous bud, beats leaf branch top, fruit branch top and stem top, goes old Leaf etc., and using the control that routinizes;Chemistry binds processing respectively at July 3 (when 60% plant of cotton field reaches 9~10 fruit branches), and 7 It month 10 (when 60% cotton plant reaches 10~11 fruit branches in cotton field) and July 17 sprays agent of binding totally 3 times, does not take other Any training measure is watered wherein spraying the agent dose that binds for the 1st time as 25% mepiquat chloride+4ml of 8ml, 25% flumetralim per acre 20kg;2nd agent dose that binds is watered 25kg for 25% mepiquat chloride+20ml of 10ml, 25% flumetralim per acre;It binds for 3rd time Agent dose is 25% mepiquat chloride+6ml of 6ml, 25% flumetralim per acre, is watered 30kg, and add 0.05% urea in proportion, respectively It is secondary to spray the equal progress in conjunction with sick, worm, prevention and control of weeds.Other management measures are the same as conventional crop field.Count the materialization investment of each processing And with number, and in harvest 3 harvesting cottons of time-division, total output is calculated, and former 2 harvestings cotton accounts for the ratio calculating of total yield Prematureness.
The results show that no matter which kind of training type used, late spring broadcasts+and high density processing has been significantly increased seed cotton yield. Compared with Conventional Time sowing+middle density+artificial fine training processing, artificial fine training that late spring is broadcast+high density+and late spring are broadcast The bind amount of increase in production of processing of+high density+chemistry is respectively 6.5% and 5.4%, prematureness then indifference;Chemistry binds compared with people Work finely prunes and significantly reduces artificial investment, sow+middle density+artificial fine training with Conventional Time and late spring broadcast+it is highly dense Degree+artificial fine training processing is compared, late spring broadcasts+high density+chemistry bind processing reduce by 46.8% He respectively with number 50.4%.Comprehensively considering the seed cotton yield and its recruitment and materialization product investment of each processing, late spring broadcasts+and high density+chemistry binds The net profit highest of processing.In conclusion Yellow River basin cotton region, which should promote to bind including chemistry, realizes that it is main interior for simplifying training " the evening close letter " cultivation mode held.
Influence of the different cultivation modes of table 1 to cotton prematurity, artificial investment and yield
* net profit=(seed cotton yield × unginned cotton unit price)-(materialization investment+artificial investment).
Embodiment 2
In the first tenday period of a month in May, according to weather conditions, precision drilling is carried out using machinery, sowing, overlay film, fertilising are once completed, and 2 ~3 leaf phase final singlings, density of reserved seedlings are controlled at 5500~6000 plants/acre, 5000 plants/acre of paid density or more, the entire season of growth Chemistry is carried out only with this method to bind, and does not take other any training topping measures.
Chemistry binds concrete operation method are as follows: selects 25% casing coupling aqueous amine of Sichuan Guoguang Agrochemical Co., Ltd.'s production Agent, 25% flumetralim missible oil of Zhejiang Hetian Chemical Co., Ltd.'s production and Shandong Kingenta Bio-engineering Stock Co., Ltd. are raw 46% urea of leaded wastewater of production.According to mepiquat chloride+flumetralim medical fluid of formulation rate mixture different ratio per acre, it is respectively as follows: medical fluid 25%+4~5ml of mepiquat chloride of (1) 8~10ml, 25% flumetralim, is watered 20kg;25% mepiquat chloride of (2) 10~12ml of medical fluid+ 20~24ml, 25% flumetralim, is watered 25kg;25%+6~8ml of mepiquat chloride of (3) 6~8ml of medical fluid, 25% flumetralim, is watered 30kg, and 0.05% urea is added in proportion.
Specific method of administration is as follows:
A. when 60% plant of cotton field reaches 9~10 fruit branches at the beginning of 7 months, using double-layer hanging vertical-horizontal nozzle sprayer Medical fluid (1) is sprayed, emphasis sprays leaf branch and its fruit branch is top, to limit the cross growth of leaf branch and its fruit branch, moulds compact strain Type prevents from sealing row too early;
B.7 behind day, when 60% cotton plant reaches 10~11 fruit branches in cotton field, medicine is sprayed using horizontal vertical nozzle sprayer Liquid (2), emphasis spray cotton plant stem top, inhibit the longitudinal growth of cotton plant, control plant height;
C.14 behind day, using horizontal vertical nozzle sprayer complete stool sprays medical fluid (3), guarantee cotton plant spray spray thoroughly it is even, with right Cotton plant integrally plays the role of plastotype.
After above-mentioned cultivation technique is implemented in Yellow River basin cotton field, leaf branch is weak and short, the control of maximum fruit branch length 40cm with Interior, at 11~13, plant height is controlled in 100~120cm the final fruit branch control of cotton.(April is sowed compared to traditional Conventional Time 20 days)+middle density (3000 plants/acre)+artificial fine training, volume increase >=5%, reduce it is artificial >=40%, net profit is obviously improved.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of evening close simple cotton cultivation method to be bound using chemistry, characterized in that
(1) the first tenday period of a month in May are sowed, 2~3 leaf phase final singlings, and density of reserved seedlings is controlled at 5500~6000 plants/acre;
(2) chemistry binds: it is sprayed three times, as follows respectively:
A. it is sprayed when first reaches 9~10 fruit branches inferior to 60% plant of cotton field, with quality than mepiquat chloride: flumetralim=2:1 Mixed liquor sprays leaf branch and its fruit branch is top;The medical fluid that the first time sprays specifically: 8~10ml, 25% mepiquat chloride+4 25% flumetralim of~5ml, is watered 20kg;
B. it is sprayed when second reaches 10~11 fruit branches inferior to 60% cotton plant of cotton field, with quality than mepiquat chloride: flumetralim=1:2 Mixed liquor sprays cotton plant stem top;The medical fluid sprayed for the second time specifically: 10~12ml, 25% mepiquat chloride+20~ 25% flumetralim of 24ml, is watered 25kg;
C. third is inferior to spray for the second time latter 6-8 days and spray, with quality than mepiquat chloride: flumetralim=1:1, and adds 0.05% urine The mixed liquor complete stool sprays of element;The medical fluid that the third time sprays specifically: 6~8ml, 25%+6~8ml of mepiquat chloride 25% Flumetralim is watered 30kg.
2. a kind of evening close simple cotton cultivation method to be bound using chemistry as described in claim 1, characterized in that the chemistry It binds and prevents and treats operation together with disease pest and weed.
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CN106818855B (en) * 2017-02-16 2019-05-24 新疆农业大学 A kind of cotton chemistry topping agent
CN111955457A (en) * 2020-08-04 2020-11-20 中棉小康生物科技有限公司 Cotton topping agent containing effective components of flumetralin and mepiquat chloride
CN113039956B (en) * 2021-03-15 2023-11-07 荆门(中国农谷)农业科学研究院 Method for efficiently removing fruit branches and leaf branches at lower part of mechanically-picked cotton
CN115226588B (en) * 2022-06-24 2024-02-23 河北省农林科学院棉花研究所(河北省农林科学院特种经济作物研究所) Method for preventing cotton from rotting by early ripening

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