CN105612920A

CN105612920A - Header of corn harvester

Info

Publication number: CN105612920A
Application number: CN201610070318.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈永政
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2016-02-02
Filing date: 2016-02-02
Publication date: 2016-06-01
Anticipated expiration: 2036-02-02
Also published as: CN105612920B

Abstract

The invention relates to a header of a corn harvester. The header comprises a frame; the frame is provided with a power input shaft and a power distribution shaft; the frame is provided with an ear picker and a straw millstone which are driven by the power input shaft; power is input to the power distribution shaft by a power output shaft of the ear picker; a row crop lifting and cutting device arranged on the frame is driven by the power distribution shaft; the ear picker is arranged at the rear lower side of the row crop lifting and cutting device; the straw millstone and the ear picker are oppositely arranged on the rack below the ear picker in a matching manner. The header disclosed by the invention is simple in equipment structure; all devices are compact and reasonable in layout; the header has a small overall size, can be matched with a small tractor to harvest a single row or two rows of corn, and can also be configured on a large tractor and a corn combine to harvest multiple rows of corn; the header has the advantages that reliability is increased, the effect is good, consumed power is low, oil consumption is low, and the application range is wide.

Description

A kind of corn harvester

Technical field

The invention belongs to technical field of agricultural mechanical equipment, be specifically related to a kind of corn harvester.

Background technology

In recent years, along with the development of mechanization of agriculture, the mechanized harvest of Semen Maydis has also been made significant headway. Corn harvest mechanization technology is when Semen Maydis maturation, uses corn harvesting machine once to complete the process of the multi-mode operations such as harvesting, peeling, fruit ear header, straw chopping and returning or recovery in field. Common type comprises the device of following harvest technology: harvesting-peeling-spike collecting-straw chopping and returning (or shredding recovery), harvesting-spike collecting-straw chopping and returning (or chopping recovery), harvesting-fruit ear threshing-seed collection-straw chopping and returning (or chopping recovery) etc. Conventional maize harvesting mechanization current techique is as follows with device:

One, harvesting technology and device

Harvesting technology and device generally have " harvesting roll-type " and " harvesting plate and stem pulling roller combination type " two kinds. " harvesting roll-type " is made up of tilting a pair vertical sleeping snapping bar device and group standing grain device, during operation, corn stem is allocated in the middle of two snapping bars by rice-pulling chain, snapping bar surface is with dragon's paw shape projection opposite direction rotating, corn stem pulls downward on, thick corn ear departs from corn stem under the extruding of snapping bar, the corn ear taken is under the effect of rice-pulling chain, enter horizontal auger conveyor and carry backward, this kind of form structure is simple, during harvesting, disconnected stem stalk is few, but stem stalk is thick, when moisture content is higher, snapping bar easily blocks, corn ear owing to taking contacts with the snapping bar of rotation, it is serious that fruit ear moisture content gnaws fringe time relatively low. " harvesting plate and stem pulling roller combination type " is made up of harvesting plate and stem pulling roller, stem pulling roller is generally 4 ribs or 6 rib rollers, during operation, corn stem is pulled downward on by the stem pulling roller of opposite direction rotating, under the effect of harvesting plate, fruit ear departs from corn stem, the corn ear taken is sent into horizontal auger conveyor or ear or transport device by chain, the fruit ear that this kind of form is taken does not contact with the stem pulling roller rotated, fruit ear damage is little, seed damage rate is low, but disconnected stem stalk is more when stem stalk moisture content is higher, need to configuring special trash discharging apparatus, power attenuation is bigger.

Two, peeling technology and device apparatus for peeling off many employings roll-type peeling principle, rely on the peeling rollers frictional force to fruit ear bract, divested by bract. Pivotal in opposite directions peeling rollers and force feed device are mainly made up of by apparatus for peeling off some, peeling rollers axis and level are 100 �� of-120 �� of inclination angles, it is beneficial to fruit ear glide vertically, force feed device is arranged on the top of peeling rollers, during work, corn ear is pressed to peeling rollers and pushes backward by force feed device, corn ear bract is torn by the peeling rollers rotated, and pull-out from the gap of stripping roller. Three, straw treatment technology and device

For each Semen Maydis producing region different demands to corn straw, maize harvesting machine configures chopping and returning device or chopping retracting device, while harvesting corn fruit ear, straw chopping and returning or chopping are reclaimed. Conventional corn stalk powder crushing device has " flail knife formula " and " hob type " two kinds. Flail knife formula corn stalk powder crushing device is often singles haft horizontal, is mainly made up of gear-box, power transmission shaft, belt drive component, cutter shaft component, hood, stationary knife and limiting roll etc. Being hinged with whipping cutting tool on cutter shaft component, cutting tool generally has three kinds: hammer pawl, tulwar and straight knife, every kind of cutter shaft is furnished with identical cutting tool, is generally symmetric arrays, and the cutting tool pattern on same cutter shaft can not be exchanged. Pulverizing chamber case is ranked cutter equipped with 2��3, is combined into pulverizing chamber with cutting tool. During work, cutter shaft high speed rotating, ground straw is carried out impact cutting operation by the cutting tool of high-speed motion, each impact cutting all can cut a part of straw, and in the way of cutting at a high speed, to cut, to hit, to rub with the hands, tearing, corn straw is directly pulverized, or under the crushing part of high speed rotating drives, corn straw under impact cutting is involved in pulverizing chamber at a high speed, the further impact cutting that is subject to again on case stationary knife, hit, tear, rub, through impact cutting repeatedly, strike, straw becomes broken section or threadiness, sheds equably on ground. Flail knife formula corn stalk powder crushing device is typically mounted on ear-picking unit below and rearward, and the height for the stubble left, by the control of corn stalk powder crushing device limiting roll, regulates the angle of limiting roll, can change the height for the stubble left of corn straw. Flail knife formula corn stalk powder crushing device shredding type belongs to without or singly supports cutting, and for improving crushing effect, the cutting speed of cutting tool cutter end requires higher, and the power therefore consumed is bigger. Hob type: hob type corn stalk powder crushing device is mainly made up of belt drive component, cutter shaft component, hood, stationary knife etc. Hob type corn stalk powder crushing device is typically mounted on below ear-picking unit, and cutter shaft component is fixed with dynamic cutting knife, and dynamic cutting knife operating track can regulate and be similar to tangent with stationary knife. During work, corn straw is cut off and takes the back upper place of slitter shaft to by cutter shaft high speed rotating, and corn straw is cut off and pulverizes by the moving knife rotated under the auxiliary of stationary knife. During the work of hob type corn stalk powder crushing device, corn stem shreds with under the cooperation of stationary knife at hobboing cutter, with flail knife formula without or single support cutting and grinding compared with power consumption low, structure is relatively easy, takes up room little, but crushing effect is slightly worse. Straw chopping reclaims: during corn combine operation, install corn stalk powder crushing device additional configuration device for recovering straw, the corn straw after pulverizing is thrown vanning or entrucking, as feedstuff or fuel.

Ear-picking unit and the reducing mechanism of conventional maize harvesting mechanization results technology and device are what to separate, there is structure more complicated, and relatively greatly, fruit ear is by the rate of biting the also problem such as bigger for power consumption. And this kind of constitutional detail is more, cost is also higher, uses complicated operation reliability low.

Summary of the invention

A kind of corn harvester is provided for the defect existed in prior art, present device simple in construction, each device compact and reasonable arrangement, overall volume is little, can supporting baby tractor, harvesting single file or two row Semen Maydiss, it is possible to be arranged on large tractor and corn combine and multirow Semen Maydis is gathered in, reliability improves, effective, consumption power is little, and fuel consumption is little, applied widely.

For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:

The invention provides a kind of corn harvester, including frame, frame is provided with power input shaft and power distributing shaft, described frame is provided with ear-picking unit and the straw millstone that power input shaft drives, the power output shaft of ear-picking unit is by power input to power distributing shaft, and power distributing shaft drives the branch arranged in frame to hold up standing grain cutter sweep; Described branch hold up standing grain cutter sweep by two groups be symmetrically installed hold up standing grain cutting teeth roller box, hold up standing grain wheel, branch's water conservancy diversion guard shield of cutting moving knife, cut stationary knife and being packed in frame to form, the upper end holding up standing grain cutting gearbox output shaft is fixed with holds up standing grain to take turns, the lower end holding up standing grain cutting gearbox output shaft is fixed with cutting moving knife, two arranged outside holding up standing grain to take turns have branch's water conservancy diversion guard shield, cutting stationary knife to be arranged on two to hold up under the standing grain cutting gearbox output shaft line of centres on methods, rack; Branch holds up the back lower place of standing grain cutter sweep to be that the relative Matching installation of ear-picking unit, straw millstone and ear-picking unit is under ear-picking unit on methods, rack.

Above-mentioned corn harvester also includes spike collecting conveyer device, and spike collecting conveyer device is arranged in the frame at the rear of ear-picking unit, and the power of spike collecting conveyer device is driven by power distributing shaft.

Described ear-picking unit is made up of front snapping bar, rear snapping bar, harvesting line shaft and straw baffle plate, front snapping bar is arranged on branch with rear snapping bar by bearing and holds up in the frame of the standing grain cutter sweep back lower place, the roll shaft of front snapping bar and rear snapping bar is radially horizontal by the inclination angle of-30 �� ~-15 ��, and front snapping bar is connected by gear with rear snapping bar; Described front snapping bar is axially evenly equipped with harvesting rib with rear snapping bar, and straw baffle plate is packed in the back upper place frame between front snapping bar and rear snapping bar.

Described straw millstone includes pulverizing movable arbor, pulverizing moving knife and stationary knife, pulverizes movable arbor and is provided with pulverizing moving knife, pulverizes movable arbor and be arranged in frame by bearing, is fixed on the stationary knife in frame and matches with pulverizing movable arbor.

Described spike collecting conveyer device includes spike collecting delivery chute, lateral transfer flood dragon and chain conveyor, spike collecting delivery chute is packed in after ear-picking unit on methods, rack, the front groove of spike collecting delivery chute is along coordinating with snapping bar rotational trajectory, lateral transfer auger is arranged on spike collecting delivery chute by bearing, and spike collecting delivery chute rear is provided with chain conveyor.

Described branch holds up standing grain cutter sweep, ear-picking unit and straw millstone to form a set of harvesting mechanism, and every corn harvester is provided with a set of harvesting mechanism or at least two set harvesting mechanisms that be arranged in parallel.

Described frame sets the screw for mounting power walking device or hinge hole.

Power input shaft place in described frame sets the coaxial connector for mounting power walking device or hinge hole.

The devices such as running gear includes electromotor, turns to, brakes, speed change, power walking device is responsible for motion and provides power, and frame is bolted, rivet, weld or hinged mode is connected with miscellaneous part.

Compared with prior art, it is an advantage of the current invention that:

Branch is held up standing grain cutter sweep, ear-picking unit and straw millstone reasonable integration, its simple in construction, compact and reasonable arrangement by the corn harvester of the present invention, overall volume is little, can supporting baby tractor, harvesting single file or two row Semen Maydiss, it is possible to be arranged on large tractor and corn combine and multirow Semen Maydis is gathered in, gather in convenient and swift, reliability improves, effective, consumes power little, fuel consumption is little, applied widely.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 be the duplicate rows hobboing cutter crushing type ceding of Taiwan of the present invention remove left side shields and winder side-looking structural representation;

Fig. 2 be the duplicate rows hobboing cutter crushing type ceding of Taiwan of the present invention remove left side shields and winder plan structure schematic diagram;

Fig. 3 is the partial structurtes schematic diagram that in apparatus of the present invention, branch holds up standing grain cutter sweep, ear-picking unit and straw millstone.

Detailed description of the invention

The following is detailed description of the invention, but present disclosure does not limit so.

A kind of corn harvester, including frame 1, frame 1 is provided with power input shaft 2 and power distributing shaft 3, described frame 1 is provided with ear-picking unit 4 and the straw millstone 5 that power input shaft 2 drives, power is distributed to power distributing shaft 3 by the power output shaft of ear-picking unit 4, and power distributing shaft 3 drives the branch arranged in frame to hold up standing grain cutter sweep 6 and spike collecting conveyer device 7; Described branch hold up standing grain cutter sweep 5 by two groups be symmetrically installed hold up standing grain cutting teeth roller box 61, hold up standing grain wheel 62, cutting moving knife 63, cutting stationary knife 64 and branch's water conservancy diversion guard shield 65 of being packed in frame 1 to form, the upper end holding up standing grain cutting teeth roller box 61 output shaft is fixed with holds up standing grain wheel 62, the lower end holding up standing grain cutting teeth roller box 61 output shaft is fixed with cutting moving knife 63, two arranged outside holding up standing grain to take turns have branch's water conservancy diversion guard shield 65, cutting stationary knife 64 to be arranged on two to hold up under the standing grain cutting teeth roller box 61 output shaft line of centres on methods, rack; Branch holds up the back lower place of standing grain cutter sweep 6 to be ear-picking unit 4, and straw millstone 5 Matching installation relative to ear-picking unit 4 is on 4 times methods, racks of ear-picking unit, and the rear of ear-picking unit 4 is provided with spike collecting conveyer device 7; Described ear-picking unit 4 is made up of front snapping bar 41, rear snapping bar 42 and straw baffle plate 43, front snapping bar 41 is arranged on branch with rear snapping bar 42 by bearing and holds up in the frame of standing grain cutter sweep 6 back lower place, the roll shaft of front snapping bar 41 and rear snapping bar 42 is radially horizontal by the inclination angle of-30 �� ~-15 ��, and front snapping bar 41 is connected by gear with rear snapping bar 42; Described front snapping bar 41 is axially evenly equipped with harvesting rib with rear snapping bar 42, and straw baffle plate 43 is packed in the back upper place frame between front snapping bar 41 and rear snapping bar 42; Described straw millstone 5 includes pulverizing movable arbor 51, pulverizing moving knife 52 and stationary knife 53, pulverize movable arbor 51 and be provided with pulverizing moving knife 52, pulverize movable arbor 51 and be arranged in frame by bearing, be fixed on the stationary knife 53 in frame and match with pulverizing moving knife 52 rotational trajectory; Described spike collecting conveyer device 7 includes spike collecting delivery chute 71, lateral transfer flood dragon 72 and chain conveyor 73, spike collecting delivery chute 71 is packed in after ear-picking unit 4 on methods, rack, the front groove of spike collecting delivery chute 71 is along coordinating with rear snapping bar 42 rotational trajectory, lateral transfer auger 72 is arranged on spike collecting delivery chute 71 by bearing, and spike collecting delivery chute 71 rear is provided with chain conveyor 73; Wherein, described branch holds up standing grain cutter sweep 6, ear-picking unit and straw millstone to form a set of harvesting mechanism, and every corn harvester is provided with a set of harvesting mechanism or at least two set harvesting mechanisms that be arranged in parallel; Described frame sets the screw for mounting power walking device or hinge hole; Power input shaft place in described frame is provided with the coaxial connector for mounting power walking device or hinge hole; The devices such as running gear includes electromotor, turns to, brakes, speed change, power walking device is responsible for motion and provides power, and frame is bolted, rivet, weld or hinged mode is connected with miscellaneous part.

The work process of the present invention:

The corn harvester of the present invention is connected on baby tractor, large tractor or corn combine by frame 1, building machine provides power, and by power input to power input shaft 2, during work, start building machine to move ahead, power input power power shaft 2 drives ear-picking unit 4 and straw millstone 5, and ear-picking unit 4 is by power input power distributing shaft 3, and power distributing shaft 3 drives branch to hold up standing grain cutter sweep 6 and spike collecting conveyer device 7 to do corresponding operating; Branch holds up the standing grain wheel 62 of holding up on standing grain cutter sweep 6 that milpa is allocated to ear-picking unit 4 under branch's water conservancy diversion guard shield 65 auxiliary, and milpa is cut off by cutting moving knife 63 under the cooperation of cutting stationary knife 64 simultaneously. Due to the damping of straw baffle plate 43 and the operating relative to rear snapping bar 42 of the front snapping bar 41 of ear-picking unit 4, corn stem moves downward in front snapping bar 41 and rear snapping bar 42 roll gap; Front snapping bar 41 and rear snapping bar 42 roll gap can hold corn ear fringe handle and corn stem passes through, and do not allow corn ear to pass through, under the cooperation of so front snapping bar and rear snapping bar, on the one hand corn ear is removed, on the other hand straw is fed down into straw millstone 5; The fruit ear removed drops on fruit ear guiding gutter 71, and corn ear is made a gift to someone chain conveyor 73 by conveying flood dragon 72, and corn ear is guided to relevant position by chain conveyor 73. The corn straw of feeding straw millstone 5 is pulverized on pulverizing movable arbor 51 and is continued under moving knife 52 and stationary knife 53 mating reaction to cut off pulverizing, then becomes scattered about straw millstone 5 back lower place, and this process constantly repeats to complete the harvesting of Semen Maydis.

Claims

1. a corn harvester, including frame, frame is provided with power input shaft and power distributing shaft, it is characterized in that: described frame is provided with ear-picking unit and the straw millstone that power input shaft drives, the power output shaft of ear-picking unit is by power distribution to power distributing shaft, and power distributing shaft drives the branch arranged in frame to hold up standing grain cutter sweep; Described branch hold up standing grain cutter sweep by two groups be symmetrically installed hold up standing grain cutting teeth roller box, hold up standing grain wheel, branch's water conservancy diversion guard shield of cutting moving knife, cut stationary knife and being packed in frame to form, the upper end holding up standing grain cutting gearbox output shaft is fixed with holds up standing grain to take turns, the lower end holding up standing grain cutting gearbox output shaft is fixed with cutting moving knife, two arranged outside holding up standing grain to take turns have branch's water conservancy diversion guard shield, cutting stationary knife to be arranged on two to hold up under the standing grain cutting gearbox output shaft line of centres on methods, rack; Branch holds up the back lower place of standing grain cutter sweep to be that the relative Matching installation of ear-picking unit, straw millstone and ear-picking unit is under ear-picking unit on methods, rack.

2. corn harvester as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also including spike collecting conveyer device, spike collecting conveyer device is arranged in the frame at the rear of ear-picking unit, and the power of spike collecting conveyer device is driven by power distributing shaft.

3. corn harvester as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described straw millstone includes pulverizing movable arbor, pulverizing moving knife and stationary knife, pulverize movable arbor and be provided with pulverizing moving knife, pulverize movable arbor and be arranged in frame by bearing, be fixed on the stationary knife in frame and match with pulverizing movable arbor.

4. corn harvester as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described ear-picking unit is made up of front snapping bar, rear snapping bar, harvesting line shaft and straw baffle plate, front snapping bar is arranged on branch with rear snapping bar by bearing and holds up in the frame of the standing grain cutter sweep back lower place, the roll shaft of front snapping bar and rear snapping bar is radially horizontal by the inclination angle of-30 �� ~-15 ��, and front snapping bar is connected by gear with rear snapping bar; Described front snapping bar is axially evenly equipped with harvesting rib with rear snapping bar, and straw baffle plate is packed in the back upper place frame between front snapping bar and rear snapping bar.

5. corn harvester as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described spike collecting conveyer device includes spike collecting delivery chute, lateral transfer flood dragon and chain conveyor, spike collecting delivery chute is packed in after ear-picking unit on methods, rack, the front groove of spike collecting delivery chute is along coordinating with snapping bar rotational trajectory, lateral transfer auger is arranged on spike collecting delivery chute by bearing, and spike collecting delivery chute rear is provided with chain conveyor.

6. corn harvester as claimed in claim 1; it is characterized in that: described branch holds up standing grain cutter sweep, fruit ear protection board, straw millstone and ear-picking unit to form a set of harvesting mechanism, every corn harvester is provided with a set of harvesting mechanism or at least two set harvesting mechanisms that be arranged in parallel.

7. corn harvester as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described frame sets the screw for mounting power walking device or hinge hole.