CN105610617A - QoS management mechanism for distinguishing user priorities in WLAN based on SDN and AP (Access Point) virtualization technique - Google Patents
QoS management mechanism for distinguishing user priorities in WLAN based on SDN and AP (Access Point) virtualization technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN105610617A CN105610617A CN201511017281.2A CN201511017281A CN105610617A CN 105610617 A CN105610617 A CN 105610617A CN 201511017281 A CN201511017281 A CN 201511017281A CN 105610617 A CN105610617 A CN 105610617A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/50—Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements
- H04L41/5003—Managing SLA; Interaction between SLA and QoS
Abstract
The invention discloses a QoS management mechanism for distinguishing user priorities in WLAN. In adoption of the SDN and an AP virtualization technique, the data of user terminals of different priorities are bound on the queues of different priorities at each port of an OpenFlow switch. The mechanism is realized through the following steps that a sender sends data to a physical access point; the physical access point converts 802.11 data frames into Ethernet frames; the Ethernet frames are sent to the OpenFlow switch; the OpenFlow switch forwards the data from the appointed queue of the appointed port according to matching flow table items; if there is no matching flow table item, the data are sent to a center controller; and the center controller decides how to process the data. According to the mechanism disclosed by the invention, the data of user terminals of different priorities are bound on the queues of different priorities by the OpenFlow switch for forwarding; the QoS management capable of distinguishing user priorities can be realized; and therefore, the user terminals of different priorities can obtain different QoS experiences.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the crossing domain of computer network and radio communication, relate to network virtualization and the Technology of Wireless Access Networks, belong to mobile communication technology field.
Background technology
WLAN (WLAN) refers to the computer network using wireless channel as transmission medium, utilizes WLAN, and user can realize Broadband Network Access anywhere or anytime. Along with the development of WLAN and application more and more widely, increasing people starts to access network by WAP (AccessPoint, AP) WLAN.
WLAN extensively adopts 802.11 standards. 802.11 standards are formulated by IEEE (IEEE), and physical layer (PHY) and MAC layer (MAC) to WLAN have carried out standard criterion. But 802.11 traditional technology do not have the built-in support for QoS, make IEEE802.11WLAN run into very large challenge aspect the business that provides audio frequency etc. to need QoS to ensure. 802.11 have specified two kinds of MAC layer access mechanisms: distributed coordination function (DistributedCoordinationFunction, DCF) and point coordination function (PointCoordinationFunction, PCF). DCF is current most popular MAC layer access mechanism, and each website uses carrier sense/conflict to avoid (CSMA/CA) distributed access way, and each website obtains the access right of channel by free competition. DCF pattern does not have differentiated service type, and miscellaneous service is competitive channel under same priority, and the service of " doing one's best " type is only provided, and ensures without any QoS.
In order more effectively to support QoS, IEEE802.11 task groups has proposed 802.11e agreement, and in this agreement, all business are divided into 4 kinds of access styles, and has introduced 8 kinds of Business Streams to distinguish User Priority. IEEE802.11e has expanded DCF and the PCF access mechanism of the MAC layer of tradition 802.11, has formed the distributed channel access (EDCA) strengthening and has mixed control channel access (HCCA) specification. EDCA has strengthened DCF mechanism, distinguishes the priority of different business application, ensures the channel access ability of high-priority service, and has ensured to a certain extent the bandwidth of high priority business; HCCA has strengthened PCF mechanism, by the centralized Control to access points (QoSSupportingAP, QAP), the access bandwidth of improvement is provided and has reduced the delay of high-priority service. IEEE802.11e agreement was passed through in September, 2005, but not yet completely commercial so far, chip manufacturer only supports wherein a small amount of characteristic. Therefore, not yet there is technology can properly settle the QoS problem of management of the differentiation User Priority of WLAN at present.
Current, software defined network (SDN) and the virtualized concept of network function are adopted by many operators widely, and SDN is a kind of emerging network architecture technology based on software, and its core technology is OpenFlow technology. At present mainly also concentrate on cable network field about the research of SDN, research for wireless SDN is still in the starting stage, be applied in WLAN and study for SDN, major part also concentrates on the research of the network architecture and realizes user terminal seamless migration aspect at present, still there is no correlative study for the QoS management security mechanism of utilizing SDN to realize in WLAN.
Summary of the invention
The present invention overcomes the weak point that prior art exists, propose to distinguish in a kind of WLAN based on SDN and AP Intel Virtualization Technology the QoS administrative mechanism of User Priority, to realizing the QoS service function of distinguishing User Priority, solve the problem that existing wlan network cannot provide QoS to ensure, thereby meet the QoS demand of different priority users.
The present invention realizes the technical scheme that its object takes:
The feature of distinguishing the QoS administrative mechanism of User Priority in a kind of WLAN based on SDN and AP Intel Virtualization Technology of the present invention is: described WLAN comprises some user terminal STA, virtual access point VAP, at least one physical access point PAP, an OpenFlow switch and a master controller OFC;
Each port of described OpenFlow switch has multiple priorities queue, and the corresponding bandwidth resources of Mei Zhong priority query are distributed accordingly according to the height of priority; The higher bandwidth resources of queue assignment that priority is higher; In described master controller OFC, store the priority of described some user terminal STA; The user terminal STA that definition sends Frame is transmit leg; The user terminal STA of definition receiving data frames is recipient;
Described QoS administrative mechanism is carried out as follows:
Step 1, described transmit leg send up 802.11 Frames to described physical access point PAP;
Step 2, described physical access point PAP receive described up 802.11 Frames and process, and are converted to up ethernet frame and are sent to described OpenFlow switch;
Step 3, described OpenFlow switch be according to described up ethernet frame, inquires about in inner stream table, whether there is the stream list item matching with described transmit leg; If exist, obtain according to the action instruction in stream list item the port that described up ethernet frame will send, and the described up ethernet frame priority query that will pass through, thereby will in the respective priority queue of described up ethernet frame corresponding port from described OpenFlow switch, be sent to described virtual access point VAP, and perform step 6; If do not exist, described OpenFlow switch is directly packed described up ethernet frame, is converted to packet-in message and sends to described master controller OFC;
Step 4, described master controller OFC are according to the priority of the corresponding transmit leg of up ethernet frame described in described packet-in information query; And send corresponding stream list item according to obtained priority to described OpenFlow switch;
Step 5, described OpenFlow switch add received stream list item in stream table to, thereby upgrade stream table; Described OpenFlow switch obtains according to the action instruction in received stream list item the port that described up ethernet frame will send, and the described up ethernet frame priority query that will pass through, thereby described virtual access point VAP will be sent in the respective priority queue of described up ethernet frame corresponding port from described OpenFlow switch;
Step 6, described virtual access point VAP receive described up ethernet frame, described up ethernet frame is reduced into described up 802.11 Frames and carries out the logical process of 802.11 agreements, generate descending 802.11 Frames and repack and convert downlink Ethernet frame to and send to described OpenFlow switch;
Step 7, described OpenFlow switch be according to described downlink Ethernet frame, inquires about in inner stream table, whether there is the stream list item matching with described recipient; If exist, obtain according to the action instruction in stream list item the port that described downlink Ethernet frame will send, and the priority query that will pass through, thereby will in the respective priority queue of described downlink Ethernet frame corresponding port from described OpenFlow switch, be sent to physical access point PAP, and perform step 10; If do not exist, described OpenFlow switch is directly packed described downlink Ethernet frame, is converted to new packet-in message and sends to described master controller OFC;
Step 8, described master controller OFC are according to the described new corresponding recipient's of packet-in information query priority; And send corresponding stream list item according to obtained priority to described OpenFlow switch;
Step 9, described OpenFlow switch add received stream list item in stream table to, thereby upgrade stream table; Described OpenFlow switch obtains according to the action instruction in received stream list item the port that described downlink Ethernet frame will send, and the priority query that will pass through, thereby will in the respective priority queue of described downlink Ethernet frame corresponding port from described OpenFlow switch, be sent to physical access point PAP;
Step 10, described physical access point PAP process received downlink Ethernet frame, are converted to descending 802.11 Frames and send to recipient, thereby completing the QoS management of distinguishing User Priority.
The feature of distinguishing the QoS administrative mechanism of User Priority in WLAN of the present invention is also:
Described stream table is made up of several stream list items, and each stream list item is made up of matching domain, action fields, three parts of counter;
Described matching domain comprises: inbound port number, object IP address, source IP address, target MAC (Media Access Control) address, source MAC;
Described action fields comprises: forward port and corresponding forwarding queue thereof;
Described counter is for adding up the number of times that described stream list item is matched.
Described physical access point PAP adds described up 802.11 Frames the up Ethernet frame head of at least 14 bytes, thereby is converted to up ethernet frame;
Meanwhile, described downlink Ethernet frame is removed downlink Ethernet frame head by described physical access point PAP, thereby be converted to descending 802.11 Frames.
Compared with the prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in:
1, mechanism of the present invention has been introduced the network architecture of SDN theory, by AP Intel Virtualization Technology, the logic function of AP and data retransmission function are separated, by virtual multiple physics AP be a virtual AP, by the queue of different priorities being set in OpenFlow switch and distributing different bandwidth, the user data of different priorities is forwarded from the queue of corresponding priority, thereby meet the QoS demand of different priority users, realized the QoS guarantee of distinguishing User Priority.
2, in the present invention, OpenFlow switch passes through the data of different priority users to forward from the queue of different priorities, thereby has ensured the demand of user's QoS; The forwarding rule of OpenFlow switch is determined by master controller, the QoS guarantee that master controller has been realized user by writing the mode of software application, in the time that user's priority changes, controller can be revised user's data flow by amendment stream table, has realized the QoS demand that ensures fast flexibly user.
3, in the present invention, master controller is managed all physics AP, can ensure according to network global information user's QoS demand, in the time of the heavier user's that cannot ensure current connection of some physical load QoS, master controller can be according to network global information, in conjunction with user's switchover policy, customer traffic is tied to can to meet the physics AP of user QoS demand upper, thereby has better ensured user's QoS demand.
4, in the present invention, OpenFlow controls according to stream the coupling in list item and searches the stream list item mating with user terminal STA, directly how to determine deal with data according to the action instruction in stream list item, the management control of flow is realized very flexibly and easily, by the matching domain that comprises many group occurrences, realized the more fine-grained control to data traffic simultaneously.
5, in the present invention, WLAN wireless data frame is converted into ethernet frame, make OpenFlow switch to process flexibly wireless data to process the mode of cable data, has made up OpenFlow and can not process the defect of wireless data frame.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is configuration diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the queue schematic diagram of OVS middle port of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that two users' of the present invention QoS guarantee realizes schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
Clearer for what technical scheme advantage of the present invention was described, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail, in this specific embodiments, User Priority is set to 3 grades, the queue that queue 1 is high priority, have the highest bandwidth resources, queue 2 is medium priority queue, and queue 3 is Low Priority Queuing. It should be noted that the setting of priority is not limited only to 3, technical staff can arrange multiple priority queries according to the actual requirements.
The present invention is based on the QoS administrative mechanism of distinguishing User Priority in the WLAN of SDN and AP Intel Virtualization Technology, adopt SDN and AP Intel Virtualization Technology, by the data binding of the user terminal of different priorities, to the queue of the each port different priorities of OpenFlow switch, WLAN comprises some user terminal STA, VAP, at least one PAP, master controller OFC and is used for being connected their OpenFlow switch. Between OpenFlow switch and virtual access point VAP, between OpenFlow switch and physical access point PAP, and between OpenFlow switch and master controller OFC all by wired connection, user terminal STA accesses physical access point PAP by wireless channel.
Each port of OpenFlow switch has multiple priorities queue, and the corresponding bandwidth resources of Mei Zhong priority query are distributed accordingly according to the height of priority; The higher bandwidth resources of queue assignment that priority is higher; In master controller OFC, store the priority of described some user terminal STA; The user terminal STA that definition sends Frame is transmit leg; The user terminal STA of definition receiving data frames is recipient. As shown in Figure 1, the specific descriptions of various piece are as follows:
1. virtual access point VAP
Virtual access point VAP fictionalizes a wireless network card, produces beacon frame, and processes 802.11 Frames, is used for carrying out associated certification with user terminal STA. The dhcp assembly of VAP can be for being connected to the user terminal STA distributing IP address of this virtual access point VAP simultaneously. 802.11 Frames that virtual access point VAP is sent simultaneously become ethernet frame to send to physical access point PAP by OpenFlow switch by tunnel encapsulation, same, virtual access point VAP receives after OpenFlow switch forwards next ethernet frame and can become 802.11 frames to carry out relevant treatment its deblocking by tunnel again.
2. physical access point PAP
Physical access point PAP has a wired network adapter and a wireless network card and the tunnel that is connected these two network interface cards. Wired network adapter is connected with OpenFlow switch. When wireless network card receives after Frame, this Frame can be sent to wired network adapter by tunnel, ethernet data frame can be dressed up by this 802.11 data envelope in tunnel simultaneously, and being packaged into ethernet data frame can be sent to OpenFlow switch and be further forwarded to virtual access point VAP or master controller OFC processes by wired network adapter. Same, after the Frame that virtual access point VAP sends to physical access point PAP through OpenFlow switch can be become 802.11 Frames by tunnel deblocking, deliver to wireless network card, and send to recipient.
3.OpenFlow switch
In the present embodiment, OpenFlow switch utilizes software switch OVS to realize. OpenFlow switch is connected virtual access point VAP and physical access point PAP and is born data retransmission task between the two by wired mode, is subject to the control of master controller OFC simultaneously. Two cable ports of OpenFlow switch connection virtual access point VAP and physical access point PAP are all furnished with three queues of high, normal, basic priority separately, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2. Every bandwidth resources that queue assignment is different. In concrete enforcement, the inside stream table of OpenFlow switch is made up of several stream list items, and each stream list item is made up of matching domain, action fields, three parts of counter;
Matching domain comprises: inbound port number, object IP address, source IP address, target MAC (Media Access Control) address, source MAC;
Action fields comprises: forward port and corresponding forwarding queue thereof;
The number of times that counter is matched for statistic fluid list item.
4. master controller OFC
In the present embodiment, master controller OFC utilizes OpenFlow controller POX to realize. The precedence information of master controller OFC storage registered user terminal STA, in the time that master controller OFC receives the packet-in message of OpenFlow switch forwarding, obtain the mac address information of user terminal STA by resolving packet-in message, and obtain the priority of this user terminal STA according to the user priority information of storage, thereby to the queue of assigned priority, the user terminal STA that realizes different user priority can obtain different bandwidth resources by the distribution of flows of this user terminal STA. And master controller OFC can change the forwarding rule of OpenFlow switch easily flexibly, thereby the grade of service that can regulate at any time each user terminal STA to enjoy.
Specifically describe the implementation procedure that QoS ensures below.
Step 1, sending direction WLAN send up 802.11 Frames;
Step 2, physical access point PAP receive up 802.11 Frames and process, and add Ethernet frame head in the 802.11 wireless data frame header that receive, and 802.11 wireless data frame are converted to up ethernet frame and are sent to OpenFlow switch;
Step 3, OpenFlow switch receive the up ethernet frame that physical access point PAP sends, and inquire about in inner stream table, whether there is the stream list item matching with transmit leg; If exist, obtain according to the action instruction in stream list item the port that this up ethernet frame will send, and the up ethernet frame priority query that will pass through, thereby will in the respective priority queue of this up ethernet frame corresponding port from OpenFlow switch, be sent to virtual access point VAP, and perform step 6; If do not exist, OpenFlow switch is directly packed up ethernet frame, is converted to packet-in message and sends to master controller OFC;
Step 4, master controller OFC are according to the packet-in message receiving, resolve packet-in message, obtain the MAC Address of transmit leg, obtain the priority of the transmit leg that this MAC Address is corresponding by inquiring about the precedence information of the local user terminal STA storing, and send corresponding stream list item according to obtained priority to OpenFlow switch, this stream list item has indicated the port that up ethernet frame will send, and the priority query that will pass through;
Step 5, OpenFlow switch add received stream list item in stream table to, thereby upgrade stream table; OpenFlow switch obtains according to the action instruction in received stream list item the port that up ethernet frame will send, and this up ethernet frame priority query that will pass through, thereby will in the respective priority queue of this up ethernet frame corresponding port from OpenFlow switch, be sent to virtual access point VAP;
Step 6, virtual access point VAP receive up ethernet frame, and up ethernet frame is reduced into up 802.11 Frames and processes, and generate descending 802.11 Frames and repack to convert downlink Ethernet frame to and send to OpenFlow switch;
Step 7, OpenFlow switch be according to downlink Ethernet frame, inquires about in inner stream table, whether there is the stream list item matching with recipient; If exist, obtain according to the action instruction in stream list item the port that downlink Ethernet frame will send, and the priority query that will pass through, thereby will in the respective priority queue of downlink Ethernet frame corresponding port from OpenFlow switch, be sent to physical access point PAP, and perform step 10; If do not exist, OpenFlow switch is directly packed downlink Ethernet frame, is converted to new packet-in message and sends to master controller OFC;
Step 8, master controller OFC receive new packet-in message, resolve this packet-in message, obtain recipient's MAC Address, obtain the recipient's that this MAC Address is corresponding priority according to the precedence information of the user terminal STA of the local storage of new packet-in information query; And sending corresponding stream list item according to obtained priority to OpenFlow switch, this stream list item has indicated the port that downlink Ethernet frame will send, and the priority query that will pass through;
Step 9, OpenFlow switch add received stream list item in stream table to, thereby upgrade stream table; OpenFlow switch obtains according to the action instruction in received stream list item the port that downlink Ethernet frame will send, and the priority query that will pass through, thereby will in the respective priority queue of downlink Ethernet frame corresponding port from OpenFlow switch, be sent to physical access point PAP;
Step 10, physical access point PAP process received downlink Ethernet frame, remove downlink Ethernet frame head, the downlink Ethernet frame receiving is converted to descending 802.11 Frames and sends to recipient, thereby complete the QoS management of distinguishing User Priority. The present invention passes through OpenFlow switch the data binding of different priority users terminal is forwarded to the queue of different priorities, can realize the QoS management of distinguishing User Priority, makes the user terminal of different priorities obtain different QoS experience.
Concrete, as shown in Figure 3, User Priority being divided into Three Estate, the User Priority of user terminal STA1 and user terminal STA2 is respectively 1 and 3, the MAC Address of master controller OFC storage STA1 and STA2 and corresponding user priority information. in the time that STA1 request is connected to physics PAP, because STA1 asks to access network for the first time, the stream list item not matching in OpenFlow switch, OpenFlow switch is crossed packet-in message by the information exchange of STA1 and is sent to master controller OFC, master controller OFC is by resolving packet-in message, obtain the MAC Address of STA1, and the User Priority that obtains STA1 according to the user terminal precedence information of storage is 1, be that STA1 distributes corresponding stream table according to the user priority information of STA1, the data flow of STA1 is tied in the queue 1 that has high priority. same, master controller is tied to the data flow of STA2 in the queue 3 that has low priority. provided the forward-path situation of data between STA1 and STA2 and virtual access point VAP with two dotted lines, according to this path, have high priority STA1 obtain QoS by than have low priority STA2 obtain QoS more excellent.
Claims (3)
1. in the WLAN based on SDN and AP Intel Virtualization Technology, distinguish a QoS administrative mechanism for User Priority, its spyLevy and be: described WLAN comprise some user terminal STA, virtual access point VAP, at least one physical access point PAP,An OpenFlow switch and a master controller OFC;
Each port of described OpenFlow switch has multiple priorities queue, the corresponding bandwidth of Mei Zhong priority queryResource is distributed accordingly according to the height of priority; The higher bandwidth resources of queue assignment that priority is higher; Described centerIn controller OFC, store the priority of described some user terminal STA; The user terminal STA that definition sends Frame isTransmit leg; The user terminal STA of definition receiving data frames is recipient;
Described QoS administrative mechanism is carried out as follows:
Step 1, described transmit leg send up 802.11 Frames to described physical access point PAP;
Step 2, described physical access point PAP receive described up 802.11 Frames and process, and are converted to up etherNet frame is also sent to described OpenFlow switch;
Whether step 3, described OpenFlow switch, according to described up ethernet frame, are inquired about in inner stream table and are existed and instituteState the stream list item that transmit leg matches; If exist, obtain described up ethernet frame according to the action instruction in stream list item and wantThe port sending, and the described up ethernet frame priority query that will pass through, thus by described up ethernet frame from instituteState in the respective priority queue of corresponding port in OpenFlow switch and be sent to described virtual access point VAP, and carry out stepRapid 6; If do not exist, described OpenFlow switch is directly packed described up ethernet frame, is converted to packet-inMessage sends to described master controller OFC;
Step 4, described master controller OFC are according to corresponding of up ethernet frame described in described packet-in information queryThe priority of the side of sending; And send corresponding stream list item according to obtained priority to described OpenFlow switch;
Step 5, described OpenFlow switch add received stream list item in stream table to, thereby upgrade stream table; DescribedOpenFlow switch obtains according to the action instruction in received stream list item the port that described up ethernet frame will send,And the described up ethernet frame priority query that will pass through, thereby by described up ethernet frame from described OpenFlowIn switch, in the respective priority queue of corresponding port, be sent to described virtual access point VAP;
Step 6, described virtual access point VAP receive described up ethernet frame, described in described up ethernet frame is reduced intoUp 802.11 Frames also carry out the logical process of 802.11 agreements, generate descending 802.11 Frames and repack to convert toDownlink Ethernet frame also sends to described OpenFlow switch;
Whether step 7, described OpenFlow switch, according to described downlink Ethernet frame, are inquired about in inner stream table and are existed and instituteState the stream list item that recipient matches; If exist, obtain described downlink Ethernet frame according to the action instruction in stream list item and wantThe port sending, and the priority query that will pass through, thus described downlink Ethernet frame is exchanged from described OpenFlowIn machine, in the respective priority queue of corresponding port, be sent to physical access point PAP, and perform step 10; If do not exist, instituteState OpenFlow switch and directly described downlink Ethernet frame is packed, be converted to new packet-in message and send to instituteState master controller OFC;
Step 8, described master controller OFC are according to the described new corresponding recipient's of packet-in information query priority;And send corresponding stream list item according to obtained priority to described OpenFlow switch;
Step 9, described OpenFlow switch add received stream list item in stream table to, thereby upgrade stream table; DescribedOpenFlow switch obtains according to the action instruction in received stream list item the port that described downlink Ethernet frame will send,And the priority query that will pass through, thereby by described downlink Ethernet frame corresponding port from described OpenFlow switchRespective priority queue in be sent to physical access point PAP;
Step 10, described physical access point PAP process received downlink Ethernet frame, are converted to descending 802.11Frame also sends to recipient, thereby completes the QoS management of distinguishing User Priority.
2. the QoS administrative mechanism of distinguishing User Priority in WLAN according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described inStream table is made up of several stream list items, and each stream list item is made up of matching domain, action fields, three parts of counter;
Described matching domain comprises: inbound port number, object IP address, source IP address, target MAC (Media Access Control) address, source MAC;
Described action fields comprises: forward port and corresponding forwarding queue thereof;
Described counter is for adding up the number of times that described stream list item is matched.
3. the QoS administrative mechanism of distinguishing User Priority in WLAN according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described inPhysical access point PAP is the up Ethernet frame head that described up 802.11 Frames is added at least 14 bytes, thus conversionFor up ethernet frame;
Meanwhile, described downlink Ethernet frame is removed downlink Ethernet frame head by described physical access point PAP, thereby be converted to downRow 802.11 Frames.
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