CN105603761B - A kind of scalable Conductive Polyaniline Fibers of humidity sensitive and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of scalable Conductive Polyaniline Fibers of humidity sensitive and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105603761B CN105603761B CN201610058509.0A CN201610058509A CN105603761B CN 105603761 B CN105603761 B CN 105603761B CN 201610058509 A CN201610058509 A CN 201610058509A CN 105603761 B CN105603761 B CN 105603761B
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- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/61—Polyamines polyimines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/02—Polyamines
- C08G73/026—Wholly aromatic polyamines
- C08G73/0266—Polyanilines or derivatives thereof
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- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
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- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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Abstract
The invention discloses scalable Conductive Polyaniline Fibers of a kind of humidity sensitive and preparation method thereof, the fiber includes template fiber and the protonic acid doping layer/polyaniline conductive layer being coated on template fiber, the template fiber is spandex core-covered cotton yarn, the spandex core-covered cotton yarn is using spandex as interior lines, bending is wrapped in the cotton parcel interior lines on spandex interior lines, and the conductive layer that protonic acid doping polyaniline is formed is evenly coated on cotton.The fiber has superior stretch bending performance, and its conductance can still keep relative stability under fiber stretch bending state, amplitude of variation very little;In addition, the conductive fiber is sensitive to humidity inductive, its conductance changes obvious with humidity, and preparation method is simple, and cost is relatively low, suitable to produce in enormous quantities, available for preparing flexible wire and flexible moisture sensor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to scalable Conductive Polyaniline Fibers of a kind of humidity sensitive and preparation method thereof, belong to conductive material system
Standby field.
Background technology
With the continuous improvement of Sci-Tech Level, people are continuously increased to the demand of wearable device in recent years, the U.S.
The world-famous enterprises such as Apple Inc., Samsung of South Korea all subsequently enter this field, have developed Related product.Sensor
As the pith of contemporary electronic devices, the wearable sensors component of different type and purposes how is prepared also into working as
For a focus of Technological research, its association area is related to the fields such as developing material, manufacturing process technology innovation.
Polyaniline studies extensive conducting polymer materials as a kind of, has diversified structure, unique doping machine
Reason, excellent physico-chemical structure, good stability and it is cheap and easy to get, synthesis is simple the advantages that, thus be considered as most to be hopeful
One of conducting polymer materials being applied in practice.Have benefited from the unique electrochemical properties of polyaniline material, in recent years
Report on polyaniline sensor emerges in an endless stream, including the different types of sensor such as chemistry, biology, humidity, but can answer
Scalable flexible sensor for wearable device has no report all the time.It is that researcher obtains to prepare composite at present
Possessing the main method of scalable property polyaniline material, this method is stock using the material for possessing scalable property,
The doped polyaniline in preparation process, the final compound composite for both having been possessed the enough conductions of scalability and can, China is specially
Sharp (patent publication No.:CN103243563A a kind of preparation method of polyaniline/PLA composite conducting fiber) is disclosed, is prepared
Technique is simple, and filamentary conductive can be excellent;Chinese patent (patent publication No.:CN103255634) disclose a kind of polyacrylonitrile/
The preparation method of polyaniline composite micro-nano rice conductive fiber, polyethylene glycol used in the invention are a kind of widely used water-soluble
Property macromolecule, to environment not pollute and cost it is cheap.But both approaches prepare conductive fiber do not have it is scalable
Property.Chinese patent (patent publication No.:CN102692288A a kind of preparation method of flexible force sensitive sensor, the invention) are disclosed
The flexible force sensitive sensor of the coaxial ordered fiber of nano structural conductive polyaniline is made, its electrically conductive polyaniline flexible fiber mechanical property
Can be good, non-breakable, high sensitivity, the response time is short, but fiber level of stretch is limited (being only the 4% of former length), and makes
Preparation Method is relative complex.Meanwhile material conductivity prepared by existing method has obvious reduction with the increase of deformation itself,
And it is not suitable for for preparing the flexible sensor with wearable property.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of scalable layer/polyaniline conductive of humidity sensitive is fine
Dimension and preparation method thereof, the fiber has superior stretch bending performance, and its conductance still may be used under fiber stretch bending state
Keep relative stability, amplitude of variation very little, in addition, the conductive fiber is sensitive to humidity inductive, its conductance changes bright with humidity
Aobvious, and preparation method is simple, cost is relatively low, suitable to produce in enormous quantities, available for preparing flexible wire and flexible moisture sensor.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
A kind of preparation method of the scalable Conductive Polyaniline Fibers of humidity sensitive, comprises the following steps:
(1) reaction solution is prepared:Bronsted acid, which is dissolved in deionized water and is configured to protonic acid solution, is designated as solution 1, oxidant and benzene
Amine add jointly in deionized water stir the polyaniline reaction solution of milkiness liquid is designated as solution 2;
(2) template fiber surface in-situ polymerization conductive layer:Spandex core-covered cotton yarn is wrapped in as the stretching of template fiber and engraved
On empty support, the hollow out support for being wound with template fiber is immersed in the container equipped with solution 2, then is added dropwise into solution 2
Solution 1, container sealing is positioned in refrigerating box after the solution 1 that step (1) is prepared is added completely into solution 2, standing treats polyphenyl
The complete coated die plate fiber surface of amine conductive layer, form conductive fiber;
(3) fiber is cleaned:Conductive fiber will be tied with from hollow out support from the mixing liquid of step (2) obtained by step (2)
Middle taking-up, conductive fiber is removed from hollow out support, rinse gained fiber repeatedly with deionized water;
(4) dry fiber:The conductive fiber that drying steps (3) clean up produces the scalable layer/polyaniline conductive of humidity sensitive
Fiber.
As the spandex core-covered cotton yarn of template fiber, the cotton group being wrapped in by spandex interior lines and bending on spandex interior lines
Into, when spandex core-covered cotton yarn stretches, its interior line drawing, and be wrapped in the cotton on interior lines and be only straightened by bending, cotton yarn
The overall length of line is not changed, and template fiber is wrapped in the form of stretching on hollow out support, then to be dipped in polyaniline anti-
Answer liquid and add protonic acid solution, aniline monomer forms uniform acid doped polyaniline on the cotton surface of template fibrous outer
Conductive layer so that fiber electric conductivity with polyaniline while with spandex core-covered cotton yarn excellent stretch bending performance
With humidity sensitive performance, in stretch bending deformation, the cotton for being enclosed with layer/polyaniline conductive layer is only straightened obtained fiber,
Its total length does not change, it is ensured that the integrality of layer/polyaniline conductive layer, i.e., the polyphenyl during fiber stretch bending
Damaged and fracture does not occur for amine conductive layer, therefore the electric conductivity of fiber does not change with its stretch bending deformation substantially, merely due to
The humidity sensitivity of polyaniline in itself, the conductance of fiber is set to change with ambient humidity and change.Meanwhile template fiber is being drawn
Its specific external surface area is stretched under state to increase, compared to the template fiber of relaxed state, the template fibrous outer of extended state
Cotton contacts more abundant with polyaniline reaction solution, and layer/polyaniline conductive layer can form more even compact on cotton surface
Integument, the electric conductivity of fiber is improved to a certain extent.
Preferably, the Bronsted acid described in the step (1) be sulfosalicylic acid, hydrochloric acid, perchloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, to first
One kind in base benzene sulfonic acid, DBSA;The oxidant is ammonium persulfate, hydrogen peroxide, Peracetic acid, dichromic acid
One kind in sodium, chromic acid, nitric acid, potassium permanganate.
Preferably, the step (1) prepares reaction solution:Weigh 5.0844 grams of sulfosalicylic acids and be dissolved in 100 milliliters of deionizations
Water, being stirred with magnetic stirring apparatus makes solvent dissolve uniform obtained solution 1 for 5 to 10 minutes;9.128 grams of ammonium persulfates are weighed to add
Enter in 100 ml deionized waters, then 3.725 grams of aniline are added dropwise, be stirred with magnetic stirring apparatus to solution and become emulsion i.e.
Obtained solution 2.
Preferably, step (2) the template fiber surface in-situ polymerization conductive layer:It is fine using spandex core-covered cotton yarn as template
Wella, which is stretched, to be wrapped on hollow out support, the hollow out support for being wound with template fiber is immersed in the beaker equipped with solution 2, then use glue
Solution 1 is added dropwise into solution 2 for head dropper, puts beaker sealing after the solution 1 that step (1) is prepared is added completely into solution 2
It is placed in -2 DEG C of refrigerating boxes, stands 8 hours and form conductive fiber.
Preferably, step (3) the cleaning fiber:Conductive fiber will be tied with from hollow out support from step obtained by step (2)
Suddenly taken out in the mixing liquid of (2), conductive fiber is removed from hollow out support, the fiber 15 obtained by deionized water rinsing divides
Clock.
Preferably, step (4) dry fiber:The conductive fiber that step (3) cleans up is placed in vacuum drying chamber
Middle air drying produces the scalable Conductive Polyaniline Fibers of humidity sensitive.
It is described to lead the invention also discloses the scalable Conductive Polyaniline Fibers of humidity sensitive made from described preparation method
Electric fiber includes template fiber and the acid doped polyaniline conductive layer being coated on template fiber, and the template fiber is spandex bag
Core cotton yarn, for the spandex core-covered cotton yarn using spandex as interior lines, bending is wrapped in the cotton parcel interior lines on spandex interior lines, and acid is mixed
The conductive layer that heteromeric aniline is formed is evenly coated on cotton.
Further, the rate of change of its conductance is less than 5% during the conductive fiber stretch bending deformation, the conductive fibre
The conductance of dimension changes with the change of ambient humidity.
Further, the maximum tension rate of the conductive fiber is more than 200%, when fiber is stretched to maximum tension rate, fibre
The rate of change of the conductance of dimension is still less than 5%.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are:Instant invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of humidity sensitive can be stretched
Contracting Conductive Polyaniline Fibers and preparation method thereof, the conductive fiber have superior stretch bending performance, and its conductance is stretching
It can keep stable during Bending Deformation, the conductive fiber is sensitive to humidity inductive, and its conductance is with humidity significant change, and preparation side
Method is simple, and cost is relatively low, suitable to produce in enormous quantities, available for preparing flexible moisture sensor.The conduction of the present invention is with spandex bag
As template fiber, the cotton that spandex core-covered cotton yarn is wrapped on spandex interior lines by spandex interior lines and bending forms core cotton yarn,
During spandex core-covered cotton yarn stretching, its interior line drawing, and be wrapped in the cotton on interior lines and be only straightened by bending, cotton
Overall length is not changed, and template fiber is wrapped in the form of stretching on hollow out support, then is dipped in polyaniline reaction solution
And protonic acid solution is added, it is conductive that aniline monomer forms uniform acid doped polyaniline on the cotton surface of template fibrous outer
Layer so that electric conductivity of fiber while with spandex core-covered cotton yarn excellent stretch bending performance with polyaniline and wet
Sensitive property is spent, the maximum tension rate of the fiber is more than 200%, and obtained fiber is enclosed with polyphenyl in stretch bending deformation
The cotton of amine conductive layer is only straightened, and its total length does not change, it is ensured that the integrality of layer/polyaniline conductive layer, that is, exists
Damaged and fracture does not occur for layer/polyaniline conductive layer during fiber stretch bending, therefore the electric conductivity of fiber is not substantially with it
Stretch bending deformation and deformation (conductance rate of change is less than 5%), merely due to the humidity sensitivity of polyaniline in itself, makes fiber
Conductance with ambient humidity change and change.Meanwhile its outer layer cotton and polyaniline are anti-in a stretched state for template fiber
Answer the contact area of liquid to increase, be advantageous to wrap up finer and close layer/polyaniline conductive layer in template fibrous external, improve leading for fiber
Electrical property.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the preparation method of the scalable Conductive Polyaniline Fibers of humidity sensitive of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the resistance of the fiber of embodiment 1 with drawing numbers change curve;
Fig. 3 is the resistance of the fiber of embodiment 1 with extensibility change curve;
Fig. 4 is the frequency response curve that the fiber of embodiment 1 alternately changes in the case of RH 20% and RH 90%.
Embodiment
According to following embodiments, the present invention may be better understood.It is however, as it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that real
Apply specific material proportion, process conditions and its result described by example be merely to illustrate the present invention without should also without limitation on
The present invention described in detail in claims.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of the scalable Conductive Polyaniline Fibers of humidity sensitive, comprises the following steps:
(1) reaction solution is prepared:Weigh 5.0844 grams of sulfosalicylic acids and be dissolved in 100 ml deionized waters, use magnetic stirring apparatus
Being stirred makes solvent dissolve uniform obtained solution 1 for 5 to 10 minutes;Weigh 9.128 grams of ammonium persulfates and add 100 milliliters of deionizations
In water, then 3.725 grams of aniline are added dropwise, are stirred with magnetic stirring apparatus to solution and become emulsion i.e. obtained solution 2;
(2) template fiber surface in-situ polymerization conductive layer:Spandex core-covered cotton yarn is wrapped in as the stretching of template fiber and engraved
On empty support, the hollow out support that will be wound with template fiber is immersed in the beaker equipped with solution 2, then with rubber head dropper to solution 2
In solution 1 is added dropwise, after step (1) prepare solution 1 be added completely into solution 2 after by beaker sealing be positioned over -2 DEG C of refrigerating boxes
In, stand 8 hours and form conductive fiber;
(3) fiber is cleaned:Conductive fiber will be tied with from hollow out support from the mixing liquid of step (2) obtained by step (2)
Middle taking-up, conductive fiber is removed from hollow out support, the fiber 15 minutes obtained by deionized water rinsing;
(4) dry fiber:By the conductive fiber that step (3) cleans up be placed in air drying in vacuum drying chamber produce it is wet
The sensitive scalable Conductive Polyaniline Fibers of degree.
Performance test:
(1) tensile property is tested:The scalable Conductive Polyaniline Fibers of humidity sensitive made from a bit of embodiment 1 are taken to carry out
Its maximum tension rate of extension test, the calculation formula of maximum tension rate are as follows:
Thus the maximum tension rate of the fiber of the embodiment of the present invention 1 is calculated more than 200% in formula.
(2) relation of fiber electric property and tensile deformation:Natural length made from Example 1 is one section of 3 centimetres
Fiber both ends are connected copper cash and make electrode by fiber, and coat elargol with fiber connecting ends in copper cash to ensure that junction turns on, and are treated
After the volatilization solidification of elargol solvent, the fiber is connected to circuit, stretches fiber repeatedly, tests it in the resistance of natural length with stretching
The change of number, test result is as shown in Fig. 2 the fiber repeats tensile number thousand times as seen from Figure 2, and its electric conductivity is still
So it is maintained;Then resistance variations of the fiber under different stretch degree are tested, test result is as shown in figure 3, can by Fig. 3
To find out the resistance of the fiber varying less with fiber tensile deformation, its rate of change within 5%, when fiber extensibility extremely
When 200%, for its resistance change rate still within 5%, the resistance variations situation of fiber has also reacted the situation of change of its conductance.
(3) variation relation of fiber electrical property and external environment humidity:The fiber is tested in RH20% and the situations of RH 90%
The frequency response curve of lower alternately change by Fig. 4 as shown in figure 4, find out that the fiber has good wet sensitive performance, to humidity change
Change that response is fast and high sensitivity is higher, and possess splendid restorative.
It is described above, it is only the explanation embodiment of the present invention, formal and substantial limitation not any to the present invention,
Bronsted acid as described in step (1) can be sulfosalicylic acid, hydrochloric acid, perchloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid, ten
One kind in dialkyl benzene sulfonic acids;Oxidant can be ammonium persulfate, hydrogen peroxide, Peracetic acid, sodium dichromate, chromic acid, nitric acid,
One kind in potassium permanganate;Step (4) can also use the drying means such as vacuum freeze drying.It should be pointed out that for this technology
The those of ordinary skill in field, on the premise of the inventive method is not departed from, some improvement and supplement made also should be regarded as this
The protection domain of invention, the place of not elaborating not is prior art known in those skilled in the art to the present invention, all to be familiar with sheet
Technical professional, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, done using disclosed above technology contents
The equivalent variations of a little variation, modification and evolution gone out, it is the equivalent embodiment of the present invention;It is meanwhile all according to the present invention's
The variation, modification and evolution for any equivalent variations that substantial technological is done to above-described embodiment, still fall within the technology of the present invention
The scope of scheme.
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. scalable Conductive Polyaniline Fibers of humidity sensitive, it is characterised in that the conductive fiber include template fiber and The acid doped polyaniline conductive layer being coated on template fiber, the template fiber is spandex core-covered cotton yarn, described spandex core-covered For cotton yarn using spandex as interior lines, bending is wrapped in the cotton parcel interior lines on spandex interior lines, the conduction that acid doped polyaniline is formed Layer is evenly coated on cotton, and the rate of change of its conductance is less than 5% during the conductive fiber stretch bending deformation, described to lead The conductance of electric fiber changes with the change of ambient humidity, the preparation of the scalable Conductive Polyaniline Fibers of described humidity sensitive Method comprises the following steps:(1) reaction solution is prepared:Bronsted acid, which is dissolved in deionized water and is configured to protonic acid solution, is designated as solution 1, and oxidant and aniline add Enter stirred in deionized water the polyaniline reaction solution of milkiness liquid is designated as solution 2;(2) template fiber surface in-situ polymerization conductive layer:Hollow out branch is wrapped in using spandex core-covered cotton yarn as the stretching of template fiber On frame, the hollow out support for being wound with template fiber is immersed in the container equipped with solution 2, then solution is added dropwise into solution 2 1, container sealing is positioned in refrigerating box after the solution 1 that step (1) is prepared is added completely into solution 2, standing treats that polyaniline is led The complete coated die plate fiber surface of electric layer, form conductive fiber;(3) fiber is cleaned:The hollow out support for being tied with conductive fiber obtained by step (2) is taken from the mixing liquid of step (2) Go out, conductive fiber is removed from hollow out support, rinse gained fiber repeatedly with deionized water;(4) dry fiber:It is fine that the conductive fiber that drying steps (3) clean up produces the scalable layer/polyaniline conductive of humidity sensitive Dimension.
- A kind of 2. scalable Conductive Polyaniline Fibers of humidity sensitive as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the step (1) Bronsted acid described in is sulfosalicylic acid, hydrochloric acid, perchloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid, DBSA In one kind;The oxidant is in ammonium persulfate, hydrogen peroxide, Peracetic acid, sodium dichromate, chromic acid, nitric acid, potassium permanganate It is a kind of.
- A kind of 3. scalable Conductive Polyaniline Fibers of humidity sensitive as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the step (1) reaction solution is prepared:Weigh 5.0844 grams of sulfosalicylic acids and be dissolved in 100 ml deionized waters, 5 are stirred with magnetic stirring apparatus Solute was set to dissolve uniform obtained solution 1 to 10 minutes;Weigh 9.128 grams of ammonium persulfates to add in 100 ml deionized waters, then drip Add 3.725 grams of aniline, be stirred with magnetic stirring apparatus to solution and become emulsion i.e. obtained solution 2.
- A kind of 4. scalable Conductive Polyaniline Fibers of humidity sensitive as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the step (2) template fiber surface in-situ polymerization conductive layer:It is wrapped in spandex core-covered cotton yarn as the stretching of template fiber on hollow out support, The hollow out support for being wound with template fiber is immersed in the beaker equipped with solution 2, then is added dropwise with rubber head dropper into solution 2 Solution 1, beaker sealing is positioned in -2 DEG C of refrigerating boxes after the solution 1 that step (1) is prepared is added completely into solution 2, it is small to stand 8 When form conductive fiber.
- A kind of 5. scalable Conductive Polyaniline Fibers of humidity sensitive as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the step (3) fiber is cleaned:The hollow out support for being tied with conductive fiber obtained by step (2) is taken out from the mixing liquid of step (2), Conductive fiber is removed from hollow out support, the fiber 15 minutes obtained by deionized water rinsing.
- A kind of 6. scalable Conductive Polyaniline Fibers of humidity sensitive as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the step (4) dry fiber:By the conductive fiber that step (3) cleans up be placed in air drying in vacuum drying chamber produce humidity sensitive can Flexible Conductive Polyaniline Fibers.
- 7. the scalable Conductive Polyaniline Fibers of humidity sensitive as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the conductive fiber Maximum tension rate is more than 200%.
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US5484884A (en) * | 1989-02-03 | 1996-01-16 | Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania | High molecular weight polyaniline films |
US5008041A (en) * | 1990-01-30 | 1991-04-16 | Lockheed Corporation | Preparation of conductive polyaniline having controlled molecular weight |
CN101403189A (en) * | 2008-11-14 | 2009-04-08 | 东华大学 | Preparation method for self-assembling multifunctional poly-aniline/purified cotton composite conductive fabric |
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