CN105598592B - Underwater laser cutting device and underwater laser cutting method - Google Patents
Underwater laser cutting device and underwater laser cutting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105598592B CN105598592B CN201610179839.5A CN201610179839A CN105598592B CN 105598592 B CN105598592 B CN 105598592B CN 201610179839 A CN201610179839 A CN 201610179839A CN 105598592 B CN105598592 B CN 105598592B
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- gas
- silk
- aerogenesis
- casket
- cutting
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/12—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure
- B23K26/1224—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure in vacuum
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an underwater laser cutting device. The device comprises a cutting head (100), a gas box (20) arranged on the outer surface of the cutting head (100), a small-power laser (22) arranged above the gas box (20), a wire feeding device (14) arranged under the gas box (20), and a buffer chamber (12) arranged between the wire feeding device (14) and the outer surface of the cutting head, wherein the cutting head (100) comprises an end cover (1), a convex lens (2), an optical fiber (3), a lens rack (4), a rubber gasket (5), a plurality of transition parts (6), a concave lens (7), an explosion-proof lens (8), a drainage hood (9), a cutting nozzle (10), a rubber ring (11), a gas box base (16), a spring clamp device (17), a locking device (25), a slide rail (38), a transverse grab handle (26) and an assistant handle (30). The device can be used for saving water working space and improving efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of laser processing, refers in particular to a kind of method and apparatus suitable for underwater laser cutting, it is main suitable
For the waste and old platform dismounting cutting in seabed.
Background technology
Submerged structure cutting technique mainly has oxy-arc cutting, thermic lance cutting, diamond saw cutting, shot-drilling cable cutter to cut
Cut, cumulative charge, abradant jet cutting etc..Subsea cutting technology can be generally divided into thermal cutting and cold cut to cut two big
Class, oxygen cutting, fusing cutting and melts carbon monoxide cutting etc. and belongs to thermal cutting, hot-cut underwater cut with cutting speed it is fast,
Efficiency high, equipment are simple, low cost and other advantages, but have the disadvantage that：(1) workpiece heat affecting is big, serious change even occurs
Shape, kerf quality is poor；(2) poor stability, easily causes explosion accident；(3) harm to the marine eco-environment is larger etc..From guarantor
From the point of view of retaining ring border and personal safety, current cutting operation trend tends to non-blasting type cutting method.It is international at present
Upper popular non-Cut blasting method has machine cuts, the cutting of shot-drilling cable, diamond saw cutting etc..
Deep-sea underwater laser is cut compared with traditional subsea cutting technology, and it has the advantage that：(1) cutting efficiency
High, cut quality is good；(2) noncontact cutting, does not have machine cut power；(3) it is adaptable, without material requirements；(4) safe,
Environmental protection, energy-conservation；(5) stability height, maintenance cost are low.Current subsea cutting technology mainly adopts dry type patterning method, by inciting somebody to action
Large quantity of air is delivered to seabed, reuses laser after cutting zone forms certain gas compartment and is cut, the method
Pipeline is complicated, and needs air feed equipment waterborne, occupies the operation at sea space of preciousness.
The content of the invention
Technical problem：It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method and apparatus of underwater laser cutting, the method need not
The air pump drainage arrangement that conventional dry patterning method is adopted, is that offshore installation saves space.
Technical scheme：To solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of underwater laser cutter sweep, and the device includes
Cutting head, the gas casket for being arranged on the cutting head outer surface, the low-power laser being arranged on above gas casket, it is arranged on gas
Wire feeder below casket, the chamber of getting a breathing space being arranged between wire feeder and cutting head outer surface；
The cutting head includes end cap, convex lenss, optical fiber, lens mount, rubber washer, some transition members, concavees lens, anti-
Quick-fried lens, drainage cover, cutting torch, rubber ring, gas casket pedestal, fixture of the spring, locking device, the first slide rail, lateral handle,
Auxiliary handle；
Two ends of end cap are connected respectively with transition member, and end cap constitutes a framework with transition member；What is be oppositely arranged
Two lens mounts are installed, convex lenss and concavees lens are successively set on from top to bottom on lens mount between two transition members；It is described
Explosion-proof lens are fixed on inside cutting head by transition member and drainage cover；The inside of drainage cover be provided with cutting torch for stop melt
Impurity is entered between cutting torch and explosion-proof lens；
The bottom of drainage cover is provided with rubber ring, contacts for being formed between cutting part, convenient in cutting part surface shape
Into catchment；The side of cutting head is additionally provided with the first slide rail, gas casket pedestal and fixture of the spring, the gas casket pedestal
Outside is provided with fixture of the spring, the groove fit with gas casket surface, for clamping gas casket；Gas casket pedestal coordinates first
Gas casket is fixed on slide rail the side of cutting head；Locking device is used to fix low-power laser；Gas casket lower section is provided with to be sent
Silk device is used to for the aerogenesis silk in gas casket to be delivered to low-power laser lower section；The side of drainage cover is provided with chamber of getting a breathing space,
Chamber of getting a breathing space is connected by appendix with wire feeder；The side of cutting head is additionally provided with lateral handle and auxiliary handle, facilitates seabed
Human users；
The wire feeder includes motor, drivewheel, driven pulley, wire feed seat, roller, wire-feeding pipe, lens, external screw thread group
Into；
Wire-feeding pipe is used to for aerogenesis silk to be directed into drivewheel and driven pulley from gas casket, and motor drives drivewheel, aerogenesis silk
By the frictional force forwards transportation between drivewheel and driven pulley, the effect of wire feed seat is that the horizontal level for keeping aerogenesis silk is prevented
Only its because gravity it is curved；Wire feed seat is provided with roller for fixing the direction of motion of aerogenesis silk；Aerogenesis silk constantly travels forward, until
Lens lower section, the laser that low-power laser is launched makes its decomposes produce a large amount of gas by lensing in aerogenesis silk
Body, for discharging sea water；The external screw thread of wire feeder is used to be connected with the snorkel in chamber of getting a breathing space, and facilitates gas to import drainage cover；
Outside motor is provided with rotational speed regulation knob, and the rotating speed of drivewheel is adjusted so as to control the defeated of aerogenesis silk by different construction depths
Speed is sent, and then increases or reduce gas production.
The gas casket includes wire feeder, rotating shaft, the second slide rail, pyramidal projections；
Rotating shaft is provided with inside gas casket, aerogenesis silk is wrapped in two rotating shafts, of aerogenesis silk passes through wire feeder, via
Pyramidal projections are sent to wire feeder；The second slide rail is provided with the outside of gas casket, for gas casket to be fixed on into cutting head；It is described
Wire feeder is made up of V-arrangement switch and bracket, inside gas casket；Wire feeder slides on gas casket surface, and wire feeder is pushed away
To gas casket top, wire feeder is switched and pulled downward on by pressing V-arrangement, aerogenesis silk is pulled downward on, make aerogenesis silk from taper
Projection is stretched out, and Jing wire-feeding pipes are delivered at the drivewheel in wire feeder.
The cutting method of the underwater laser cutter sweep of the present invention comprises the steps：
The material for being easily decomposed into gas using being heated makes aerogenesis silk, and aerogenesis silk is arranged in gas casket, and gas casket is installed
In the side of cutting head；Heating aerogenesis silk by low-power laser in seabed makes its rapid decomposition produce a large amount of gases, gas
Import and outwards sprayed after drainage cover, form the gaseous environment with space, now open laser instrument and cut.
Beneficial effect：
1st, present invention eliminates the circuit design of air feed equipment waterborne and complexity, saves aquatic work space；
2nd, reduce gas circuit so that underwater cable simplifies, facilitate the cutting operation of diver, improve working performance；
3rd, the protective gas for producing is nontoxic, marine environment is not polluted, and meets environmental protection theory；
4th, detachable gas casket design, facilitates the replacing of gas casket so that imderwater cutting operation can enter for a long time
OK.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view of apparatus of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the side view of apparatus of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is wire feeder top view；
Fig. 4 is gas casket side view；
Fig. 5 is wire feeder sectional view；
Fig. 6 is slide rail cooperation schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention will be further described.
Underwater laser cutter sweep of the present invention, including cutting head 100, gas casket 20, low-power laser 22, wire feed
Device 14, chamber 12 of getting a breathing space.Characterized in that, the cutting head 100 is by end cap 1, convex lenss 2, optical fiber 3, lens mount 4, rubber blanket
Circle 5, transition member 6, concavees lens 7, explosion-proof lens 8, drainage cover 9, cutting torch 10, rubber ring 11, gas casket pedestal 16, spring clamp
Device 17, locking device 25, the first slide rail 38, lateral handle 26, auxiliary handle 30 are constituted.Cutting head 100 is general by the He of end cap 1
Multiple transition members 6 are constituted, and are threaded connection between end cap 1 and transition member 6, are threaded connection between transition member 6.
Can mounted lens frame 4, lens mount 4 and adjacent end cap between end cap 1 and transition member 6, transition member 6 and transition member 6
1st, sealed by rubber washer 5 between transition member 6, prevent sea water from entering.After setting convex lenss 2 and concavees lens 7, install anti-
Quick-fried lens 8, the explosion-proof lens 8 are fixed on inside cutting head 100 by transition member 6 and drainage cover 9.The inside of drainage cover 9
Cutting torch 10 is provided with for stopping that the impurity such as motlten metal are entered between cutting torch 10 and explosion-proof lens 8.The bottom of drainage cover 9 is provided with rubber
Cushion rubber 11, it is convenient to form catchment on cutting part surface for forming a certain degree of contact between cutting part.Cutting head
100 side is additionally provided with the first slide rail 38, gas casket pedestal 16 and clamping device 17, and the outside of the gas casket pedestal 16 is provided with
Fixture of the spring 17, coordinates with the groove 41 on the surface of gas casket 20, for clamping gas casket 20.Gas casket pedestal 16 coordinates to be slided
Gas casket 20 can be fixed on rail 38 side of cutting head 100.Locking device 25 is used to fix low-power laser 22.Gas casket
20 lower sections are provided with wire feeder 14 for the aerogenesis silk 32 in gas casket 20 to be delivered to into the lower section of low-power laser 22.Drainage cover
9 side is provided with chamber of getting a breathing space, and chamber 12 of getting a breathing space is connected by appendix 29 with wire feeder 14.The side of cutting head 100 also sets
There are lateral handle 26 and auxiliary handle 30, aspect seabed human users.
The wire feeder 14 is by motor 13, drivewheel 36, driven pulley 45, wire feed seat 32, roller 34, wire-feeding pipe 37, thoroughly
Mirror 27, external screw thread 44 are constituted.Wire-feeding pipe 37 is used to for aerogenesis silk 32 to be directed into drivewheel 36 and driven pulley 45, electricity from gas casket 20
Machine 13 drives drivewheel 36, and aerogenesis silk 32 is by the frictional force forwards transportation between drivewheel 36 and driven pulley 45, wire feed seat 33
Effect be that the horizontal level for keeping aerogenesis silk 32 prevents it because of gravity-bending.Wire feed seat 33 is provided with roller 34 for fixing
The direction of motion of aerogenesis silk 32.Aerogenesis silk 32 constantly travels forward, until the lower section of lens 27, what low-power laser 22 was launched
Laser 102 acts on aerogenesis silk 32 by lens 27 makes its decomposes produce a large amount of gases, for discharging sea water.Wire feeder
14 external screw thread 44 is used to be connected with the snorkel 29 in chamber 12 of getting a breathing space, and facilitates gas to import drainage cover 9.It is provided with outside motor 13 and turns
Fast adjusting knob 35, can adjust the rotating speed 36 of drivewheel so as to the conveying for controlling aerogenesis silk 32 is fast by different construction depths
Degree, and then increase or reduce gas production.
The gas casket 20 is made up of wire feeder 21, rotating shaft 39, the second slide rail 24, pyramidal projections 42.Inside gas casket 20
Rotating shaft 39 is provided with, aerogenesis silk 32 is wrapped in two rotating shafts 39, of aerogenesis silk 32 passes through wire feeder 21, via pyramidal projections
42 are sent to wire feeder.The outside of gas casket 20 is provided with slide rail 24, for gas casket 20 to be fixed on into cutting head 100.It is described
Wire feeder 21 is made up of V-arrangement switch 40 and bracket 43, inside gas casket 20.Wire feeder 21 can be slided on the surface of gas casket 20
It is dynamic, wire feeder 21 is pushed into into the top of gas casket 20, by pressing V-arrangement switch 40 and pulling downward on wire feeder 21, can be by aerogenesis silk
32 pull downward on, and aerogenesis silk 32 is stretched out from pyramidal projections 42,36 at the drivewheel that Jing wire-feeding pipes 37 are delivered in wire feeder 14.
The underwater laser cutting method that the present invention is provided, the method comprises the steps：
The material for being easily decomposed into gas using being heated makes aerogenesis silk, and aerogenesis silk is arranged in gas casket, and gas casket is installed
In the side of cutting head；Heating aerogenesis silk by low-power laser in seabed makes its rapid decomposition produce a large amount of gases, gas
Import and outwards sprayed after drainage cover, form the gaseous environment with space, now open laser instrument and cut；The method need not
The supercharging equipment of air is conveyed to deep-sea, offshore set-up area is saved, the trouble to submarine laying appendix is it also avoid.
Specific embodiment 1
The aerogenesis silk 32 can be by C5H8N4O12With C12H16N4O18(or plastic material of other suitable decomposes) mixes
Make, wherein C12H16N4O18For threadiness, decomposes are NO2、NO、CO、CO2、CH2The gases such as O, are the matrix of aerogenesis silk,
It is C that aerogenesis silk produces the main component of gas5H8N4O12, its decomposes equation is C5H8N4O12=2CO+3CO2+4H2O+
2N2The aerogenesis silk 32 of one volume can produce the gas of 11 volumes in decomposes, completely may be used by constantly decomposing aerogenesis silk
To meet the requirement for producing a large amount of gases and emptying in the sea water of a small range.
When carrying out imderwater cutting, first the dive of cutting head 100 is carried to required depth of cut by diver, open small-power
Laser instrument 22, starts wire feeder 14, and the used transporting velocity of the adjustment aerogenesis of rotational speed regulation knob 35 silk 32 of diver, laser 102 adds
Delivery in hot weather gas silk 32 decomposes it and produces a large amount of gases, and the sea water in drainage cover 9 is emptied, and now starts high power laser,
The Jing fiber-optic transfer of laser beam 101 to cutting head, 101 planoconvex lens of laser beam 2 are adjusted to parallel after focusing on by concavees lens 7
Light beam, projects outside cutting torch 10, and now diver operates cutting head 100 to be cut under water by lateral handle 26 and auxiliary handle 30
Cut operation.The several gas caskets 20 of diver's portability, when a gas casket 20 exhausts, replaceable new gas casket 20 continues to cut
Cut work.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of underwater laser cutter sweep, it is characterised in that the device includes cutting head (100), is arranged on the cutting head
(100) the gas casket (20) of outer surface, be arranged on above gas casket (20) low-power laser (22), be arranged on gas casket
(20) wire feeder (14) below, the chamber of getting a breathing space (12) being arranged between wire feeder (14) and cutting head outer surface；
The cutting head (100) includes end cap (1), convex lenss (2), optical fiber (3), lens mount (4), rubber washer (5), some mistakes
Cross part (6), concavees lens (7), explosion-proof lens (8), drainage cover (9), cutting torch (10), rubber ring (11), gas casket pedestal (16),
Fixture of the spring (17), locking device (25), the first slide rail (38), lateral handle (26), auxiliary handle (30)；
(1) two end of end cap is connected respectively with transition member (6), and end cap (1) constitutes a framework with transition member (6)；In phase
To installing two lens mounts (4) between two transition members (6) of setting, convex lenss (2) and concavees lens (7) are from top to bottom successively
It is arranged on lens mount (4)；The explosion-proof lens (8) are fixed on cutting head (100) by transition member (6) and drainage cover (9)
It is internal；The inside of drainage cover (9) be provided with cutting torch (10) for stop melting impurity enter cutting torch (10) and explosion-proof lens (8) it
Between；
The bottom of drainage cover (9) is provided with rubber ring (11), contacts for being formed between cutting part, convenient on cutting part surface
Form catchment；The side of cutting head (100) is additionally provided with the first slide rail (38), gas casket pedestal (16) and fixture of the spring
(17), the outside of the gas casket pedestal (16) is provided with fixture of the spring (17), the groove (41) with gas casket (20) surface
Coordinate, for clamping gas casket (20)；Gas casket pedestal (16) coordinates the first slide rail (38) that gas casket (20) is fixed on into cutting
The side of head (100)；Locking device (25) is for fixing low-power laser (22)；Gas casket (20) lower section is provided with wire feeder
(14) for by the aerogenesis silk (32) in gas casket (20) be delivered to low-power laser (22) lower section；The side of drainage cover (9)
Chamber of getting a breathing space is installed, chamber of getting a breathing space (12) are connected by appendix (29) with wire feeder (14)；The side of cutting head (100) also sets
There are lateral handle (26) and auxiliary handle (30), facilitate seabed human users；
The wire feeder (14) including motor (13), drivewheel (36), driven pulley (45), wire feed seat (33), roller (34), give
Fiber tube (37), lens (27), external screw thread (44) composition；
Wire-feeding pipe (37) from gas casket (20) by aerogenesis silk (32) for being directed into drivewheel (36) and driven pulley (45), motor
(13) drive drivewheel (36), aerogenesis silk (32) by the frictional force forwards transportation between drivewheel (36) and driven pulley (45),
The effect of wire feed seat (33) is that the horizontal level for keeping aerogenesis silk (32) prevents it curved because of gravity；Wire feed seat (33) is provided with rolling
(34) are taken turns for fixing the direction of motion of aerogenesis silk (32)；Aerogenesis silk (32) constantly travels forward, until lens (27) lower section, little
The laser (102) that power laser diode (22) is launched acts on aerogenesis silk (32) by lens (27) makes its decomposes produce greatly
Amount gas, for discharging sea water；The external screw thread (44) of wire feeder (14) for being connected with the snorkel of chamber of getting a breathing space (12) (29),
Gas is facilitated to import drainage cover (9)；Rotational speed regulation knob (35) is provided with outside motor (13), is adjusted by different construction depths
The rotating speed of drivewheel (36) increases or reduces gas production so as to control the transporting velocity of aerogenesis silk (32).
2. underwater laser cutter sweep according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the gas casket (20) is including wire feeder
(21), rotating shaft (39), the second slide rail (24), pyramidal projections (42)；
Rotating shaft (39) is provided with inside gas casket (20), aerogenesis silk (32) is wrapped on two rotating shafts (39), the one of aerogenesis silk (32)
Head passes through wire feeder (21), and via pyramidal projections (42) wire feeder is sent to；Gas casket is provided with the second slide rail on the outside of (20)
(24), for gas casket (20) to be fixed on into cutting head (100)；The wire feeder (21) switchs (40) and bracket by V-arrangement
(43) constitute, it is internal installed in gas casket (20)；Wire feeder (21) slides on gas casket (20) surface, and wire feeder (21) is pushed into
Gas casket (20) top, by pressing V-arrangement switch (40) and pulling downward on wire feeder (21), aerogenesis silk (32) is pulled downward on,
Aerogenesis silk (32) is set to stretch out from pyramidal projections (42), Jing wire-feeding pipes (37) deliver to drivewheel (36) place in wire feeder (14).
3. the cutting method of the underwater laser cutter sweep described in a kind of employing claim 1, it is characterised in that：The method includes
Following steps：
The material for being easily decomposed into gas using being heated makes aerogenesis silk, and aerogenesis silk is arranged in gas casket, and gas casket is arranged on and cuts
Cut the side of head；Heating aerogenesis silk by low-power laser in seabed makes its rapid decomposition produce a large amount of gases, and gas is imported
Outwards spray after drainage cover, form the gaseous environment with space, now open laser instrument and cut.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610179839.5A CN105598592B (en) | 2016-03-25 | 2016-03-25 | Underwater laser cutting device and underwater laser cutting method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610179839.5A CN105598592B (en) | 2016-03-25 | 2016-03-25 | Underwater laser cutting device and underwater laser cutting method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105598592A CN105598592A (en) | 2016-05-25 |
| CN105598592B true CN105598592B (en) | 2017-04-26 |
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| CN201610179839.5A Active CN105598592B (en) | 2016-03-25 | 2016-03-25 | Underwater laser cutting device and underwater laser cutting method |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3610971A4 (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2021-02-17 | Nikon Corporation | Processing method and processing system |
| CN107671416B (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2019-05-03 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of air water coaxial jet auxiliary laser system of processing carried under water |
| CN109623139B (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2021-07-27 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Water-guided laser processing device and system |
| RU196666U1 (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2020-03-11 | Акционерное общество "Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации Троицкий институт инновационных и термоядерных исследований" (АО "ГНЦ РФ ТРИНИТИ") | UNDERWATER LASER CUTTING NOZZLE |
| CN115106619B (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2023-07-07 | 北京石油化工学院 | System and method for underwater maintenance of tubules |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103521919A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-01-22 | 江苏大学 | Combination device capable of achieving underwater laser welding and laser shot blasting |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10246683A (en) * | 1997-02-28 | 1998-09-14 | Taisei Corp | Method for inspecting underwater welding |
| JP2004082194A (en) * | 2002-08-28 | 2004-03-18 | Japan Drive-It Co Ltd | Underwater wall welding apparatus |
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2016
- 2016-03-25 CN CN201610179839.5A patent/CN105598592B/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103521919A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-01-22 | 江苏大学 | Combination device capable of achieving underwater laser welding and laser shot blasting |
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