CN105594566A - Device and method for low-pressure plant gas exchange measurement - Google Patents
Device and method for low-pressure plant gas exchange measurement Download PDFInfo
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- CN105594566A CN105594566A CN201410515231.6A CN201410515231A CN105594566A CN 105594566 A CN105594566 A CN 105594566A CN 201410515231 A CN201410515231 A CN 201410515231A CN 105594566 A CN105594566 A CN 105594566A
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Abstract
The invention provides a device and method for low-pressure plant gas exchange measurement. The device comprises a base, an isolation shield, a cultivation box, an LED light source, a nutrient solution supply system, an atmosphere environment control system and a supporting frame, wherein a sealed plant growth room is composed by the base and the isolation shield; the cultivation box is filled with a cultivation matrix which is used for plant cultivation; the LED light source provides illumination for plant growth; the nutrient solution supply system provides water and nutrients for the plant growth; the atmosphere environment control system is used to measure and control an atmosphere environment of the plant growth (total pressure, oxygen partial pressure, carbon dioxide partial pressure, temperature and humidity) and measure a gas exchange rate of low-pressure plants; and the supporting frame is used for assembly of the whole device. The device provided by the invention is characterized in that the semispherical transparent isolation shield is disposed on the base and provides the illumination and low-pressure environment conditions for the plant growth; the device can carry out online measurement of the gas exchange rate of the plants; and the device provided by the invention has the advantages of an adjustable light source position, small size and high mobility, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of device of measuring the exchange of plant gas under low atmospheric pressure (low pressure) condition, also relate to plant gas under low pressure conditionThe measuring method of exchange, belongs to the raw technical field of protecting of Long-term Manned Spaceflight Controlled Ecological.
Background technology
Controlled ecological life support system (Controlledecologicallifesupportsystem, CELSS) is that the mankind carry out long-term manned boat in the futureThey necessary life-support systems (Wheeler etc., 2001). It is a kind of life-support systems of bio-regeneration formula, and this system is by plantThe decomposition of photosynthesis, transpiration and microorganism, can be spacefarer food, oxygen G&W is provided, and absorb system by plantThe refuse producing, thereby the ecological balance system (Poughon etc., 2009) of formation closed loop. Compared with the life support mode of physical/chemical, this isSystem can significantly reduce the raw expense of protecting goods and materials of supply, extends time and the distance of survey of deep space, and can alleviate spacefarer's psychological pressure (HoehnDeng, 1998).
Plant is the crucial biologic components in CELSS, in specific artificial ecoenvironment (as low atmospheric pressure, low light, low temperature and high carbon dioxideDeng) in cultivate plant study its growth characteristics, there is very positive meaning (Rajapakse etc., 2009) for setting up space CELSS in the future.The moon is high vacuum environment, and martian surface atmosphere is very thin, and air pressure is not as good as one of percentage of earth atmosphere. Therefore, on the moon/Mars, set up lowWhen atmospheric pressure (low pressure) CELSS cultivates plant, can reduce the quality (NangaliaandHabershon, 2004) of system, reduction systemInside and outside differential pressure and structure difficulty (Chamberlain etc., 2004; He etc., 2007), the Leakage Gas of minimizing system and consumption (PaulandFerl,2006). Aspect low pressure plant research, plant air exchange property research (photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate) is the raw research field of protecting of Controlled EcologicalFocus and difficult point (Rajapakse etc., 2009).
At present, abroad some research institutions, university and company have in succession set up the low pressure plant experimental rig of multiple multi-form and function and have openedRelevant experimental study (Schwartzkopf etc., 1995 are opened up; Rygalov etc., 2002; Goto etc., 2002; Chamberlain etc., 2002).These low pressure plant cultivation devices of external development are mainly for concrete plant culture experiment research, as growth and development of plants, nutritional quality and baseBecause of characteristic etc. System combination degree is less, is not suitable for further through engineering approaches application. At home, Chinese Astronauts Research & Training Center has developed twoPlatform low pressure plant cultivation device, adopt integrated design, there is system combination to a certain degree, be mainly conceived to ground plant culture experimental study andSpace engineering application (Tang Yongkang etc., 2008,2010).
The present invention has designed and has set up a kind of device of measuring the exchange of low pressure plant gas, and for by the growth demand characteristics of measuring plants, has created suitableClose Atmospheric Condition (stagnation pressure, partial pressure, temperature and humidity), illumination condition and moisture/nutrient condition of its growth, set up measurement low pressureThe method of plant gas exchange. This device is Miniaturization Design, is applicable to being applied to the gas exchange of carrying out in the research of low pressure plant experimental on ground and measures.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the present invention is dealt with problems and is: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, for the feature of space environment under low pressure condition, invent a kind of light source positionLow pressure plant gas adjustable, the features such as little and mobile row is strong that take up room exchanges measurement mechanism and method.
Technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of low pressure plant gas exchange measurement mechanism and method, comprise pedestal, cage, cultivation box, LEDLight source, nutrient solution supply system, atmospheric environment control system and bracing frame. Pedestal and cage form sealing phytotron jointly, cultivate in boxBe filled with culture matrix, under low pressure cultivating plant. LED light source provides required light quality, light intensity and the photoperiod for plant gas exchanges. BattalionMoisture and nutrient that nutrient solution supply system provides plant growth to need. Atmospheric environment control system is for measuring and control the atmospheric environment of plant growth(stagnation pressure, partial pressure of oxygen, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, temperature and humidity), the gas exchange rate of simultaneously in good time on-line measurement low pressure plant. Bracing frame masterBe used for fixing each assembly, assemble whole device.
Described pedestal is cylindrical cavity body structure, for placing cultivation box. Pedestal top is connected by sealed silicon cushion rubber, cutting ferrule with cage. BaseSeat bottom is extended a loculus downwards, for splendid attire humidification water and plant condensed water. Pedestal sidewall and bottom be respectively arranged with sensor line interface,Gas access, vacuum pumping opening, exhaust outlet, nutrient solution entrance, humidification water entrance, condensation-water drain, sewage draining exit, refrigeration pipe entrance and exit.Described cage is hemispherical, for isolating plant culturing room and outside atmosphere, for plant growth provides confined space. This cage is transparent materialMatter, the light that the LED light source on its top produces can see through cage and enter plant culturing room, for plant provides growth required illumination. CageBottom surface is connected with pedestal top.
Described cultivation box is used for cultivating plant, comprises and cultivates lid, incubator, culture matrix, nutrient solution water dropper and corresponding nutrition pipeline roadComposition. Incubator is for splendid attire plant culture matrix, and culture matrix is porous material, not only for plant growth provides a supporting role, can also storeMoisture and nutrient, nutrient solution water dropper is that plant growth is slowly carried moisture and nutrient.
Described LED light source comprises lamp plate, red LED lamp, blue led lamp and radiator, is mainly the exchange of plant gas required light is providedAccording to. Red LED lamp and blue led lamp are uniformly distributed on lamp plate, and its proportion is 4: 1～7: 1. LED light source is planted by computer basisThing growth needs provides rational light quality, light intensity and photoperiod. Radiator is closely connected with lamp plate, and the heat that LED lamp produces spreads by radiatorIn ambient atmosphere environment.
Described nutrient solution supply system is for plant provides growth required moisture and nutrient, comprise nutrient solution tank, nutrition liquid pump, transfer pipeline,Nutrient solution water dropper and computer. In the time that plant needs moisture and nutrient, computer sends observing and controlling instruction to nutrition liquid pump, by transfer pipeline, by seekingNutrient input is delivered to plant root by nutrient solution water dropper.
Described atmospheric environment control system comprises pressure control, partial pressure of oxygen control, carbon dioxide control, temperature control and humidity control. Pressure controlSystem comprises pressure sensor, computer, vacuum solenoid, vacuum buffer tank and vavuum pump. When pressure sensor measure atmosphere stagnation pressure value higher than meterIn setting value in calculation machine TT&C software, in limited time, vacuum solenoid is opened, and the atmosphere in plant culturing room is discharged to by vacuum buffer tank and vavuum pumpDevice external environment condition, until stagnation pressure value reaches setting value, vacuum solenoid cuts out, atmosphere stagnation pressure is controlled in setting range.
Partial pressure of oxygen control comprises partial pressure of oxygen sensor, computer, oxygen gas cylinder, oxygen supply magnetic valve. When the aerial oxygen dividing potential drop of partial pressure of oxygen sensor measurementLower than prescribing a time limit under the setting value in computer software for measurement and control, oxygen supply magnetic valve is opened, and the oxygen in oxygen gas cylinder enters into plant culturing room, partial pressure of oxygenValue raises until reach setting value, oxygen supply closed electromagnetic valve; In limited time upper higher than setting value when aerial oxygen partial pressure value, open nitrogen for nitrogen magnetic valveNitrogen in gas cylinder enters into plant culturing room, and stagnation pressure value improves, and control pressurer system is opened vacuum solenoid, the part atmosphere quilt of plant culturing roomBe retracted in culturing room's outside atmosphere, oxygen partial pressure value declines, and supplies nitrogen closed electromagnetic valve until reach while setting value, and aerial oxygen dividing potential drop is controlled in establishesDetermine in scope.
Carbon dioxide control comprises carbon dioxide sensor, computer, dioxide bottle, supplies carbon dioxide magnetic valve. Work as carbon dioxide sensorThe atmospheric carbon dioxide value of measuring is opened for carbon dioxide magnetic valve in limited time lower than setting value is lower, and the carbon dioxide in dioxide bottle enters into plantsThing culturing room, improves carbon dioxide values and reaches setting value, for carbon dioxide closed electromagnetic valve; When atmospheric carbon dioxide value is prescribed a time limit higher than setting value is upper,Open for nitrogen magnetic valve, the nitrogen in nitrogen gas cylinder enters into plant culturing room, and stagnation pressure value improves, and control pressurer system is opened vacuum solenoid,The part atmosphere of plant culturing room is extracted in culturing room's outside atmosphere, and carbon dioxide values declines, and closes for nitrogen magnetic valve until reach while setting valueClose, atmospheric carbon dioxide is controlled in setting range.
Temperature control comprises temperature sensor, computer, refrigeration unit, refrigeration magnetic valve, condensate and heat exchanger and circulating fan. Work as TEMPThe atmospheric temperature value that device is measured is in limited time upper higher than setting value, and refrigeration magnetic valve is opened, and the low-temperature cold water in refrigeration unit enters condensate and heat exchanger, followsRing fan takes heat to condensate and heat exchanger, and heat is transferred to refrigeration unit by refrigeration pipe and is discharged in atmosphere; When temperature value reaches settingValue is lower in limited time, refrigeration closed electromagnetic valve, and atmospheric temperature is controlled in setting range.
Humidity control comprises humidity sensor, computer, humidifier, liquid level gauge, make-up water pump, condensation water collection tank and humidification water tank. Work as humidityThe atmospheric humidity value of sensor measurement is in limited time lower lower than setting value, and humidifier is opened, and the increase of atmospheric humidity value, until it is in limited time upper to reach setting value, addsWet device cuts out, thereby atmospheric humidity is controlled in setting range. The humidification water yield is controlled by liquid level gauge, when liquid level lower than liquid level gauge under in limited time,Make-up water pump starts to carry humidification water, prescribes a time limit when liquid level reaches on liquid level gauge, and make-up water pump cuts out. The condensed water automatic storage producing when atmosphere cooling existsIn condensation water collection tank, timing is discharged to device outside.
Described bracing frame is by pedestal, cage, cultivation box, LED light source, nutrient solution supply system and atmospheric environment control system group in deviceBe fitted together, form complete device, can move freely.
Described atmospheric environment control method, can be under low pressure condition the gas exchange rate (photosynthetic rate of the different growth phases of on-line determination plantAnd transpiration rate).
The present invention's advantage is compared with prior art:
(1) the present invention adopts the special construction of pedestal+hemispherical transparent cage, jointly forms phytotron. This is not only for plant growth providesSpecific airtight environment under low pressure condition, also created special illumination initial conditions for plant carries out gas exchange under environment under low pressure condition.
(2) the present invention adopts external LED light source, can move up and down, and adjusts the distance between LED light source and plant, meets different tests and grindsThe needs of studying carefully.
(3) the present invention adopts stent-type apparatus structure form, takes up room little, and mobile row is strong.
(4) the present invention adopts gas concentration lwevel in on-line measurement confined space to change, and calculates the gas exchange of plant population under environment under low pressure conditionSpeed, method simple practical.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is plant gas exchange measurement mechanism figure under low pressure condition;
Fig. 2 is that the plant in apparatus of the present invention is cultivated observing and controlling schematic diagram;
In figure: 1 pedestal, 2 cages, 3 cultivate box, 4 condensate and heat exchangers, 5 circulating fans, 6 pressure sensors, 7 partial pressure of oxygen sensors,8 carbon dioxide sensors, 9 temperature sensors, 10 humidity sensors, 11 nutrient solution water droppers, 12 liquid level gauges, 13 humidifiers, 14 lamp plates, 15Red LED lamp, 16 blue led lamps, 17 bracing frames, 18 vacuum solenoids, 19 vacuum buffer tanks, 20 vavuum pumps, 21 refrigeration unit, 22Refrigeration magnetic valve, 23 condensation water collection tanks, 24 nutrient solution tanks, 25 nutrition liquid pumps, 26 humidification water tanks, 27 make-up water pumps, 28 computers,29 oxygen gas cylinders, 30 dioxide bottles, 31 nitrogen gas cylinders, 32 oxygen supply magnetic valves, 33 for carbon dioxide magnetic valve, and 34 for nitrogen magnetic valve,35 radiators, 36 plants.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1, build low pressure plant gas exchange measurement mechanism, for plant growth provides airtight growing space, illumination condition, atmospheric environmentCondition and moisture/nutrient supply condition. This device is mainly by pedestal (1), cage (2), cultivation box (3), LED light source, nutrient solution supplySystem, atmospheric environment control system and bracing frame (17) composition.
Pedestal (1) is cylindrical cavity body structure, is mainly used in placing cultivation box. Sealed silicon is passed through in pedestal (1) top and cage (2) bottomCushion rubber, cutting ferrule are connected, and jointly form plant (36) growing space. Pedestal (1) bottom is extended a loculus downwards, for splendid attire humidification waterWith plant condensed water, in loculus, be also placed with humidifier (13), for air wetting. Pedestal (1) sidewall be provided with 5, sensor line interface,1 of gas (oxygen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen) entrance, 2 of vacuum pumping opening, 1 of exhaust outlet, 1 of nutrient solution entrance. Pedestal (1)Bottom is provided with 1 of humidification water entrance, 1 of condensation-water drain, 1 of sewage draining exit, each 1 of refrigeration pipe entrance and exit.
Cage (2) is hemispherical transparent material, light transmittance > 80%. Cage (2) bottom and pedestal (1) top are by sealing ring and cutting ferruleBe connected, pull down cutting ferrule after cage (2) can disassemble from pedestal (1). The light that the LED light source on cage (2) top produces can be saturatingCross cage and enter plant culturing room.
Vegetable seeds sowing and nutrient solution supply: cultivate box (3) and comprise cultivation lid, incubator, culture matrix, nutrient solution water dropper (11) and battalionNutrient solution transfer pipeline, nutrient solution supply comprises nutrient solution tank (24), nutrition liquid pump (25), transfer pipeline, nutrient solution water dropper (11) and calculatesMachine (28). Cultivating filling culture matrix in box (3), vegetable seeds is sowed in culture matrix, cover and cultivate lid. Then, by calculatingMachine (28) sends observing and controlling instruction to nutrition liquid pump (25), and nutrient solution is by nutrient solution tank (24), nutrition liquid pump (25), transfer pipeline, battalionNutrient solution water dropper (11) is delivered to nutrient input near culture matrix vegetable seeds, and seed starts to sprout gradually, grow after absorbing moisture and nutrient.
LED light source control: LED light source comprises lamp plate (14), red LED lamp (15), blue led lamp (16) and radiator (35),Be mainly the exchange of plant (36) gas required illumination condition is provided. Red LED lamp (15) and blue led lamp (16) are even on lamp plateDistribute, its proportion is 7: 1. LED light source is adjusted into 16 hour according to plant (36) growth needs by periodicity of illumination by computer (28)(illumination) and 8 hours (light is dark). Radiator (35) is closely connected with lamp plate (14), and the heat that LED lamp produces is by radiator (35)Be diffused in ambient atmosphere environment. LED light source is adjusted into 45cm with cultivating the initial distance of box, when plant (36) growth animated period and LED lightSpacing is from being 10cm.
Atmospheric environment control: atmospheric environment control comprises pressure control, partial pressure of oxygen control, carbon dioxide control, temperature control and humidity control. PressPower control is made up of pressure sensor (6), computer (28), vacuum solenoid (18), vacuum buffer tank (19) and vavuum pump (20). WhenThe atmosphere stagnation pressure value that pressure sensor (6) is measured is during higher than setting value upper limit 31kPa in computer (28) TT&C software, vacuum solenoid (18)Open, the atmosphere in plant culturing room is discharged to device external environment condition by vacuum buffer tank (19) and vavuum pump (20), until stagnation pressure value reachesSetting value 29kPa, vacuum solenoid (18) cuts out, and atmosphere stagnation pressure is controlled in setting range (30 ± 1kPa).
Partial pressure of oxygen control is made up of partial pressure of oxygen sensor (7), computer (28), oxygen gas cylinder (29), oxygen supply magnetic valve (32). Work as partial pressure of oxygenThe aerial oxygen partial pressure value that sensor (7) is measured is during lower than setting value lower limit 20.5kPa in computer (28) TT&C software, oxygen supply magnetic valve (32)Open, the oxygen in oxygen gas cylinder (29) enters into plant culturing room, until oxygen partial pressure value reaches setting value 21kPa, oxygen supply magnetic valve (32)Close; When aerial oxygen partial pressure value is during higher than setting value upper limit 21.5kPa, open the nitrogen in nitrogen gas cylinder (31) for nitrogen magnetic valve (34)Enter into plant culturing room, stagnation pressure value improves, and control pressurer system is opened vacuum solenoid (18), and the part atmosphere of plant culturing room is extracted toIn culturing room's outside atmosphere, oxygen partial pressure value declines, and closes for nitrogen magnetic valve (34) until reach while setting value 21kPa, and aerial oxygen dividing potential drop is controlledIn setting range (21 ± 0.5kPa).
Carbon dioxide control is by carbon dioxide sensor (8), computer (28), dioxide bottle (30), confession carbon dioxide magnetic valve (33)Composition. The atmospheric carbon dioxide value of measuring when carbon dioxide sensor (8) is during lower than setting value lower limit 900ppm, for carbon dioxide magnetic valve (33)Open, the carbon dioxide in dioxide bottle (30) enters into plant culturing room, improves carbon dioxide values and reaches setting value 1000ppm, for twoCarbonoxide magnetic valve (33) cuts out; When atmospheric carbon dioxide value is during higher than setting value upper limit 1100ppm, open nitrogen for nitrogen magnetic valve (34)Nitrogen in gas bottle (31) enters into plant culturing room, and stagnation pressure value improves, and control pressurer system is opened vacuum solenoid (18), and plant is cultivatedThe part atmosphere of chamber is extracted in culturing room's outside atmosphere, and carbon dioxide values declines, until reach while setting value 1000ppm for nitrogen magnetic valve(34) close, atmospheric carbon dioxide is controlled in setting range (1000 ± 100ppm).
Temperature control comprises temperature sensor (9), computer (28), refrigeration unit (21), refrigeration magnetic valve (22), condensate and heat exchanger (4)And circulating fan (5). The atmospheric temperature value of measuring when temperature sensor (9) is during higher than 24.5 DEG C of the upper limits of setting value, and refrigeration magnetic valve (22) is openedOpen, the low-temperature cold water in refrigeration unit (21) enters condensate and heat exchanger (4), and circulating fan (5) takes heat to condensate and heat exchanger (4),Heat is transferred to refrigeration unit (21) and is discharged in atmosphere by refrigeration pipe; In the time that temperature value reaches 23.5 DEG C of lower limits of setting value, refrigeration electromagnetismValve (22) cuts out, and atmospheric temperature is controlled in setting range (24 ± 0.5 DEG C).
Humidity control comprises humidity sensor (10), computer (28), humidifier (13), liquid level gauge (12), make-up water pump (27), condensed waterCollecting tank (23) and humidification water tank (26). The atmospheric humidity value of measuring when humidity sensor (10) is lower than setting value lower limit when (65%RH),Humidifier (13) is opened, and atmospheric humidity value increases, until reach while setting value the upper limit (75%RH), humidifier (13) cuts out, thereby will be largeAir humidity degree is controlled within the scope of 70 ± 5%RH. The humidification water yield is controlled by liquid level gauge (12), when liquid level (is floated lower than liquid level gauge (12) lower limitSub-low level) time, make-up water pump (27) starts to carry humidification water from humidification water tank (26), when liquid level reaches liquid level gauge (12) upper limit (floatHigh-order) time, make-up water pump (27) cuts out. The condensed water automatic storage producing when atmosphere cooling exists in condensation water collection tank (23), and every day, timing was beatenOpening collecting tank valve collects.
Pedestal (1), cage (2), cultivation box (3), LED light source, nutrient solution supply system and atmospheric environment control system are by bracing frame (17)Fit together, form complete device, can move freely. Wherein, the refrigeration unit (21) in atmospheric environment control system, vavuum pump (20),Computer (28), oxygen gas cylinder (29), dioxide bottle (30) and nitrogen gas cylinder (31) are positioned at device outside, by gas piping, liquidBody pipeline or cable are connected with the relevant device in device.
Low pressure plant gas exchange rate is measured: the measurement of low pressure plant population gas exchange rate comprises that photosynthetic rate is measured and transpiration rate is measured.Vegetable seeds sowing in culture matrix after, moisture and nutrient that supply vegetable seeds needs, set every atmospheric environmental parameters (stagnation pressure 30 ± 1kPa,Partial pressure of oxygen 21 ± 0.5kPa, carbon dioxide 1000 ± 100ppm, 24 ± 0.5 DEG C of temperature, humidity 70 ± 5%RH), vegetable seeds starts to sprout, growth,Now can start plant gas exchange rate surveying work.
Photosynthetic rate is measured: under LED light source unlocking condition, every morning 9:00 starts to measure the photosynthetic rate of plant population. First, dioxyChange carbon control system indoor plant growth gas concentration lwevel is adjusted to 1000ppm; Then, closing carbon dioxide control system, allows plant (36)By photosynthesis absorbing carbon dioxide, the indoor gas concentration lwevel of plant growth starts to decline gradually. Every 15 seconds of carbon dioxide sensor (8)Automatically measure indoor gas concentration lwevel the automatic record of plant growth one time. Finally, when gas concentration lwevel is lower than compensation point (as 50ppm)Time, automatically measure and finish. Because plant varies in size, the about 30-100 minute of whole Measuring Time. According to the equation of gas state, gas concentration lwevelVariation, plant culture area and Measuring Time, can calculate photosynthetic rate (the μ molCO of plant under environment under low pressure condition2·m-2·s-1)。
Plant transpiration rate determination: within the LED light source opening time (7:00～21:00), manually collect the interior condensed water of condensation water collection tank (23)And measure its volume, and be converted into molal weight, then according to plant culture area and Measuring Time, can calculate low pressure plant population in special timeTranspiration rate (μ molH2O·m-2·s-1)。
The content not being described in detail in description of the present invention belongs to those skilled in the art's known technology.
Claims (6)
1. low pressure plant gas exchange measurement mechanism, is characterized in that: this device is mainly made up of pedestal (1), cage (2), cultivation box (3), LED light source, nutrient solution supply system, atmospheric environment control system and bracing frame (17). Pedestal (1) is cylindrical cavity body structure. Pedestal (1) top is connected by sealed silicon cushion rubber, cutting ferrule with cage (2), common formation sealing plant (36) growing space. Pedestal (1) bottom is extended a loculus downwards, for splendid attire humidification water and plant condensed water, is also placed with humidifier (13), for air wetting in loculus. Pedestal (1) sidewall is provided with sensor line interface, gas access, vacuum pumping opening, exhaust outlet, nutrient solution entrance. Pedestal (1) bottom is provided with humidification water entrance, condensation-water drain, sewage draining exit, refrigeration pipe entrance and exit;
Cage (2) is transparent material, hemispherical. Cage (2) bottom is connected with cutting ferrule by sealing ring with pedestal (1) top, pull down cutting ferrule after cage (2) can disassemble from pedestal (1);
LED light source comprises lamp plate (14), red LED lamp (15), blue led lamp (16) and radiator (35), is mainly the exchange of plant (36) gas required illumination condition is provided. Radiator (35) is closely connected with lamp plate (14), and the heat that LED lamp produces is diffused in ambient atmosphere environment by radiator (35). Distance between LED light source and plant (36) can be according to the adjustment that needs of plant (36) growth.
2. low pressure plant gas exchange measurement mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: nutrient solution supply system is that plant (36) provides growth required moisture and nutrient, comprise nutrient solution tank (24), nutrition liquid pump (25), transfer pipeline, nutrient solution water dropper (11) and computer (28). In the time that plant (36) needs moisture and nutrient, computer (28) sends observing and controlling instruction to nutrition liquid pump (25), by transfer pipeline, by nutrient solution water dropper (11), nutrient input is delivered to plant (36) root.
3. low pressure plant gas exchange measurement mechanism according to claim 1, is characterized in that: atmospheric environment control comprises pressure control, partial pressure of oxygen control, carbon dioxide control, temperature control and humidity control. Pressure control is made up of pressure sensor (6), computer (28), vacuum solenoid (18), vacuum buffer tank (19) and vavuum pump (20). When atmosphere stagnation pressure value that pressure sensor (6) is measured higher than the setting value in computer (28) TT&C software in limited time, vacuum solenoid (18) is opened, atmosphere in plant culturing room is discharged to device external environment condition by vacuum buffer tank (19) and vavuum pump (20), until stagnation pressure value reaches setting value, vacuum solenoid (18) cuts out, and atmosphere stagnation pressure is controlled in setting range;
Partial pressure of oxygen control is made up of partial pressure of oxygen sensor (7), computer (28), oxygen gas cylinder (29), oxygen supply magnetic valve (32). When the aerial oxygen partial pressure value that partial pressure of oxygen sensor (7) is measured is prescribed a time limit lower than computer (28) setting value is lower, oxygen supply magnetic valve (32) is opened, oxygen in oxygen gas cylinder (29) enters into plant culturing room, until oxygen partial pressure value reaches setting value, oxygen supply magnetic valve (32) cuts out; When aerial oxygen partial pressure value is prescribed a time limit higher than setting value is upper, open for nitrogen magnetic valve (34), nitrogen in nitrogen gas cylinder (31) enters into plant culturing room, stagnation pressure value improves, control pressurer system is opened vacuum solenoid (18), and the part atmosphere of plant culturing room is extracted in culturing room's outside atmosphere, and oxygen partial pressure value declines, close for nitrogen magnetic valve (34) until reach while setting value, aerial oxygen dividing potential drop is controlled in setting range;
Carbon dioxide control is made up of carbon dioxide sensor (8), computer (28), dioxide bottle (30), confession carbon dioxide magnetic valve (33). When the atmospheric carbon dioxide value that carbon dioxide sensor (8) is measured is prescribed a time limit lower than setting value is lower, open for carbon dioxide magnetic valve (33), carbon dioxide in dioxide bottle (30) enters into plant culturing room, improve carbon dioxide values and reach setting value, close for carbon dioxide magnetic valve (33); When atmospheric carbon dioxide value is prescribed a time limit higher than setting value is upper, open for nitrogen magnetic valve (34), nitrogen in nitrogen gas cylinder (31) enters into plant culturing room, stagnation pressure value improves, control pressurer system is opened vacuum solenoid (18), and the part atmosphere of plant culturing room is extracted in culturing room's outside atmosphere, and carbon dioxide values declines, close for nitrogen magnetic valve (34) until reach while setting value, atmospheric carbon dioxide is controlled in setting range;
Temperature control comprises temperature sensor (9), computer (28), refrigeration unit (21), refrigeration magnetic valve (22), condensate and heat exchanger (4) and circulating fan (5). When the atmospheric temperature value that temperature sensor (9) is measured is prescribed a time limit higher than setting value is upper, refrigeration magnetic valve (22) is opened, low-temperature cold water in refrigeration unit (21) enters condensate and heat exchanger (4), circulating fan (5) takes heat to condensate and heat exchanger (4), and heat is transferred to refrigeration unit (21) and is discharged in atmosphere by refrigeration pipe; When temperature value reaches, setting value is lower prescribes a time limit, and refrigeration magnetic valve (22) cuts out, and atmospheric temperature is controlled in setting range;
Humidity control comprises humidity sensor (10), computer (28), humidifier (13), liquid level gauge (12), make-up water pump (27), condensation water collection tank (23) and humidification water tank (26). When the atmospheric humidity value that humidity sensor (10) is measured is prescribed a time limit lower than setting value is lower, humidifier (13) is opened, and atmospheric humidity value increases, until it is in limited time upper to reach setting value, humidifier (13) cuts out, thereby atmospheric humidity is controlled in setting range. The humidification water yield is controlled by liquid level gauge (12), when liquid level is during lower than liquid level gauge (12) lower limit (float low level), make-up water pump (27) starts to carry humidification water from humidification water tank (26), in the time that liquid level reaches liquid level gauge (12) upper limit (a float high position), make-up water pump (27) cuts out. The condensed water automatic storage producing when atmosphere cooling exists in condensation water collection tank (23), and timing every day is opened collecting tank valve and collected.
4. according to the low pressure plant gas exchange measurement mechanism described in claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterized in that: pedestal (1), cage (2), cultivation box (3), LED light source, nutrient solution supply system and atmospheric environment control system fit together by bracing frame (17), form complete device, can move freely. Wherein, refrigeration unit (21), vavuum pump (20), computer (28), oxygen gas cylinder (29), dioxide bottle (30) and nitrogen gas cylinder (31) in atmospheric environment control system are positioned at device outside, are connected with the relevant device in device by gas piping, liquid line or cable.
5. low pressure plant photosynthetic rate measuring method, is characterized in that step is as follows:
(1) under LED light source unlocking condition, start to measure the photosynthetic rate of plant population in set time every day. Carbon dioxide control system is first adjusted to measurement initial value by indoor plant growth gas concentration lwevel;
(2) closing carbon dioxide control system, allows plant (36) by photosynthesis absorbing carbon dioxide, and the indoor gas concentration lwevel of plant growth starts to decline gradually. Carbon dioxide sensor (8) is automatically measured and is recorded the indoor gas concentration lwevel of plant growth and changes;
(3) when gas concentration lwevel is during lower than compensation point, automatically measure and finish, the about 30-100 minute of whole Measuring Time. According to the equation of gas state, gas concentration lwevel variation, plant culture area and Measuring Time, calculate photosynthetic rate (the μ molCO of plant under environment under low pressure condition with this2·m-2·s-1)。
6. low pressure plant transpiration speed measurement method, is characterized in that step is as follows:
Within the LED light source opening time, manually collect the interior condensed water of condensation water collection tank (23) and measure its volume, be converted into molal weight, then according to plant culture area and Measuring Time, calculate transpiration rate (the μ molH of low pressure plant population in special time with this2O·m-2·s-1)。
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| CN201410515231.6A Pending CN105594566A (en) | 2014-09-30 | 2014-09-30 | Device and method for low-pressure plant gas exchange measurement |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106522600A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-03-22 | 福建省农业科学院农业生态研究所 | Controlled airtight experiment cabin and air tightness testing method thereof |
| CN107047265A (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2017-08-18 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | A kind of culture high abundance isotope carbon, the circulatory system of nitrogen double labelling plant sample |
| CN108563252A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2018-09-21 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | A kind of gas circulation purifier for spatial plant culture |
| CN109355182A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-02-19 | 上海光音照明技术有限公司 | A kind of LED based illumination box |
| CN109601376A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-04-12 | 杭州师范大学 | Clone plant functional trait observes device and operating method |
| CN113016396A (en) * | 2021-01-31 | 2021-06-25 | 上海磬采电力科技开发有限公司 | Automatic temperature difference cultivation device for plants |
| CN114577986A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-06-03 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | Dynamic monitoring system for carbon sink of artificial ecological environment |
| CN114980731A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2022-08-30 | 发明实验室有限公司 | Growth system and device |
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| CN101347081A (en) * | 2008-08-18 | 2009-01-21 | 北京航空航天大学 | Hermetic device for researching gas release of plant and gas reforming discipline |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106522600A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-03-22 | 福建省农业科学院农业生态研究所 | Controlled airtight experiment cabin and air tightness testing method thereof |
| CN107047265A (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2017-08-18 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | A kind of culture high abundance isotope carbon, the circulatory system of nitrogen double labelling plant sample |
| CN108563252A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2018-09-21 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | A kind of gas circulation purifier for spatial plant culture |
| CN109601376A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-04-12 | 杭州师范大学 | Clone plant functional trait observes device and operating method |
| CN109601376B (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2023-11-17 | 杭州师范大学 | Clone plant functional character observation device and operation method |
| CN109355182A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-02-19 | 上海光音照明技术有限公司 | A kind of LED based illumination box |
| CN114980731A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2022-08-30 | 发明实验室有限公司 | Growth system and device |
| CN113016396A (en) * | 2021-01-31 | 2021-06-25 | 上海磬采电力科技开发有限公司 | Automatic temperature difference cultivation device for plants |
| CN114577986A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-06-03 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | Dynamic monitoring system for carbon sink of artificial ecological environment |
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