CN105594145B - Multi-channel system test method and device - Google Patents
Multi-channel system test method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105594145B CN105594145B CN201380003290.9A CN201380003290A CN105594145B CN 105594145 B CN105594145 B CN 105594145B CN 201380003290 A CN201380003290 A CN 201380003290A CN 105594145 B CN105594145 B CN 105594145B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
- H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
- H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
- H04B17/354—Adjacent channel leakage power
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
- H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
- H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of multi-channel system test method and device, including:To at least initial data block signal carries out irrelevant processing all the way, the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads is obtained;The irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads is emitted one to one by N number of transmission channel;N is natural number.Due to the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads by being obtained after irrelevant processing, it measures ACLR (θ, φ) or EVM (θ, it can φ) be equivalent to the test parameter of single channel system, so the RF index of multi-channel system can accurately be embodied, avoid being influenced by each transmission channel.The RF index of multichannel is measured according to the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads, its measurement result avoids the influence of the degree of correlation of each transmission channel to the measurement result of multi-channel system, the efficiency of measurement is effectively improved, while ensureing to measure accurate, reduces the cost of measurement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the communication technology more particularly to a kind of multi-channel system test method and devices.
Background technology
In order to ensure that multichannel base station can normally transmit signal, need to measure the RF index of base station.Its
In more important RF index include:Adjacent-channel power reveals ratio(Adjacent Channel power Leakage Ratio;
Abbreviation ACLR), (Error Vector Magnitude are referred to as Error Vector Magnitude:) and transmission power etc. EVM.Wherein,
ACLR is the ratio between mean power (filtered) in mean power and an adjacent channel in destination channel.It is leaked to adjacent letter
Power in road mostlys come from the effects that imperfection such as harmonic wave, parasitism, mutual reconciliation frequency conversion of transmitter.
EVM is the index of signal modulation quality, by measuring the EVM indexs of signal received, it can be found that signal exists
The damage being subject in modulated process or in transmission process.Usual EVM is defined as between reference signal and actual transmission signal
Amplitude difference.
Transmission power characterizes the ability of equipment output power signal, and for being mounted with the multichannel base station of multiaerial system
System, transmission power can be measured in space by field strength, and the difference of the correlation of signal, transmitting are emitted according to multichannel
Different directionality is presented in power in space.Some other radiofrequency characteristics of multi-channel system, such as it is spuious, also have similar
Spatial directivity feature.
Fig. 1 is the antenna radiation pattern of the useful signal and out-of-band radiation signal in the destination channel of traditional base station, with reference to Fig. 1,
For single transmission channel traditional base station 1, since out-of-band radiation is generated by a radio-frequency channel, the out-of-band radiation signal transmission
It is the same to each passive element array 2, i.e., signal is perfectly correlated, therefore out-of-band radiation is made by the phase-shift network in antenna
With antenna radiation pattern of the formation as useful signal in destination channel.
Fig. 2 is the antenna radiation pattern of the useful signal and out-of-band radiation signal in the destination channel of multichannel base station, with reference to figure
2, for multichannel base station 3, with multiple active transceiver channels 4, each active transceiver channel 4 is passive with one or more
Antenna element 2 is connected directly.The outer neighboring trace radiant power of band of multichannel base station includes two parts:Related out-of-band radiation and irrelevant
Out-of-band radiation.As related out-of-band radiation shows that out-of-band radiation signal is all correlation on all transmission channels, pass through phase shift
It adjusts, can be formed with the antenna radiation pattern compared with highly directive with amplitude.Irrelevant out-of-band radiation is mainly derived from thermal noise,
And each inconsistent distortion brought of transmission channel etc., and the irrelevant out-of-band radiation signal on each channel independently of each other and
It is uncorrelated, therefore single a period of time/subarray antenna radiation pattern that its antenna radiation pattern is connected by each channel, as shown in Figure 2.This
The antenna radiation pattern of sample useful signal and out-of-band radiation signal is inconsistent, and the ACLR of multi-channel system is caused to differ everywhere in space
It causes.Also there is the phenomenon that similar for EVM.But unlike ACLR, the directionality of EVM is due in multi-channel system band
Distortion and useful signal directionality it is different and caused by.It may be part correlation between distortion in multi-channel system band
's.
Control and know that the degree of correlation of each channel is difficult.In the prior art, it needs one by one to the every of multichannel base station
The RF index of one channel measures.Cause to measure in this way cost is higher, efficiency is low.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of multi-channel system test method and device, for accurately measuring the index of multi-channel system,
Measurement efficiency is improved, reduces measurement cost.
The first aspect of the invention is to provide a kind of multi-channel system test method, including:
To at least initial data block signal carries out irrelevant processing all the way, the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads is obtained;
Test module subsignal irrelevant described in N roads is emitted one to one by N number of transmission channel;The N is nature
Number.
It is in the first possible implementation, described at least initial data all the way with reference to the first aspect of the present invention
Block signal carries out irrelevant processing, obtains the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads, including:
At least the initial data block signal is independent pseudo-random sequence all the way for setting, obtains the irrelevant test module in N roads
Subsignal;And/or
To at least the initial data block signal carries out scrambling processing using different scramble sequences all the way, it is non-to obtain N roads
Dependence test module subsignal.
It is described at least initial data all the way in second of possible realization method with reference to the first aspect of the present invention
Block signal carries out irrelevant processing, obtains the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads, including:
To at least the initial data block signal uses precoding processing corresponding with diversity mode all the way, N is obtained
Irrelevant test module subsignal described in road;
Correspondingly, test module subsignal irrelevant described in N roads is included one to one by the transmitting of N number of transmission channel:
By test module subsignal irrelevant described in N roads by N number of transmission channel with the transmission of diversity mode
Pattern is emitted.
It is described at least initial data all the way in the third possible realization method with reference to the first aspect of the present invention
Block signal carries out irrelevant processing, obtains the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads, including:
At least the initial data block signal is independent pseudo-random sequence all the way for setting, obtains at least pending data all the way
Block signal;And/or at least the initial data block signal carries out scrambling processing using different scramble sequences all the way, obtain
At least pending data block signal all the way;
To at least the pending data block signal uses precoding processing corresponding with space multiplexing mode all the way, obtain
Irrelevant test module subsignal described in N roads;
Correspondingly, test module subsignal irrelevant described in N roads is included one to one by the transmitting of N number of transmission channel:
Test module subsignal irrelevant described in N roads is carried out by N number of transmission channel with the transmission mode of space multiplexing mode
Transmitting.
It is described at least initial data all the way in the 4th kind of possible realization method with reference to the first aspect of the present invention
Block signal carries out irrelevant processing, obtains the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads, including:
To at least the initial data block signal uses precoding processing corresponding with emission mode one by one all the way, N is obtained
Irrelevant test subsignal described in road;
Correspondingly, test module subsignal irrelevant described in N roads is included one to one by the transmitting of N number of transmission channel:
Test module subsignal irrelevant described in N roads is emitted one to one to the receiver one by one by N number of transmission channel.
The second aspect of the invention is to provide a kind of multi-channel system test method, including:
Receiver/transmitter passes through the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads that N number of transmission channel is sent;
By measuring the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads, the RF index of multi-channel system is obtained;The N is nature
Number.
It is in the first possible implementation, described by measuring the irrelevant survey in N roads with reference to the second aspect of the present invention
Die trial block subsignal obtains the RF index of multi-channel system, including:
Irrelevant test module subsignal described in N roads is merged by combiner, measuring instrument to the signal after merging into
Row test obtains the RF index of multi-channel system;Alternatively,
It is measured by the radiation field intensity of reception antenna in space, obtains the RF index of multi-channel system.
The third aspect of the invention is to provide a kind of multi-channel system test device, including:Irrelevant processing module, hair
Penetrate module;
The irrelevant processing module, for at least initial data block signal carries out irrelevant processing all the way, obtaining N roads
Irrelevant test module subsignal;
The transmitting module, for test module subsignal irrelevant described in N roads to be passed through N number of transmission channel one to one
Transmitting;The N is natural number.
With reference to third aspect of the present invention, in the first possible implementation, the irrelevant processing module is wrapped
It includes:Sequence setting unit, scrambling processing unit;
The sequence setting unit, for setting, at least the initial data block signal is independent pseudo-random sequence all the way,
Obtain the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads;And/or
The scrambling processing unit, for at least all the way the initial data block signal using different scramble sequences into
Row scrambling is handled, and obtains the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads.
With reference to third aspect of the present invention, in second of possible realization method, the irrelevant processing module is wrapped
It includes:Precoding processing unit;
The precoding processing unit, for at least the initial data block signal uses and diversity mode all the way
Corresponding precoding processing obtains irrelevant test module subsignal described in N roads;
Correspondingly, the transmitting module, it is N number of described specifically for test module subsignal irrelevant described in N roads is passed through
Transmission channel is emitted with the transmission mode of diversity mode.
With reference to third aspect of the present invention, in the third possible realization method, the irrelevant processing module is wrapped
It includes:Sequence setting unit, scrambling processing unit, precoding processing unit;
The sequence setting unit, for setting, at least the initial data block signal is independent pseudo-random sequence all the way,
Obtain at least pending data block signal all the way;And/or
The scrambling processing unit, for at least all the way the initial data block signal using different scramble sequences into
Row scrambling is handled, and obtains at least pending data block signal all the way;
The precoding processing unit, for at least the pending data block signal uses and spatial reuse mould all the way
The corresponding precoding processing of formula obtains irrelevant test module subsignal described in N roads;
Correspondingly, the transmitting module, it is N number of described specifically for test module subsignal irrelevant described in N roads is passed through
Transmission channel is emitted with the transmission mode of space multiplexing mode.
With reference to third aspect of the present invention, in the 4th kind of possible realization method, the irrelevant processing module is wrapped
It includes:Precoding processing unit;
The precoding processing unit, for at least the initial data block signal uses and emission mode one by one all the way
Corresponding precoding processing obtains irrelevant test subsignal described in N roads;
Correspondingly, the transmitting module, specifically for test module subsignal irrelevant described in N roads is passed through one to one
N number of transmission channel emits one by one to the receiver.
The fourth aspect of the invention is to provide a kind of multi-channel system test device, including:Receiving module obtains mould
Block;
The receiving module is believed for receiver/transmitter by irrelevant test module in N roads that N number of transmission channel is sent
Number;
The acquisition module measures the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads for passing through, obtains the radio frequency of multi-channel system
Index;The N is natural number.
In terms of with reference to the present invention the 4th, in the first possible implementation, the acquisition module, including:Combining
Test cell, radiation test unit;
Test module subsignal irrelevant described in N roads for passing through combiner is merged, measured by the combining test cell
Instrument tests the signal after merging, obtains the RF index of multi-channel system;Alternatively,
The radiation test unit measures for passing through the radiation field intensity of reception antenna in space, obtains mostly logical
The RF index of road system.
Multi-channel system test method provided in an embodiment of the present invention and device, by the multichannel base station for being used as transmitter
Multi-channel system test device at least initial data block signal carries out irrelevant processing all the way, obtain the irrelevant test in N roads
Module subsignal.Due to the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads by being obtained after irrelevant processing, the ACLR measured (θ,
φ) or EVM (θ, φ) can be equivalent to the test parameter of single channel system, so penetrating for multi-channel system can accurately be embodied
Frequency index avoids being influenced by each transmission channel.Therefore, multichannel base station is a pair of by the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads
One ground is exported by N number of transmission channel to receiver, and the radio frequency of multichannel is referred to according to the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads
Mark measures, and measurement result avoids the influence of the degree of correlation of each transmission channel to the measurement result of multi-channel system, has
The efficiency of measurement is improved to effect, while ensureing to measure accurate, reduces the cost of measurement.Also, it does not need to again to more
The transmission channel of channel system carries out additional artificial setting, for example, when a transmission channel is tested, artificially closes other hairs
Penetrate channel.
Description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is this hair
Some bright embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without having to pay creative labor, can be with
Other attached drawings are obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the antenna radiation pattern of the useful signal and out-of-band radiation signal in the destination channel of traditional base station;
Fig. 2 is the antenna radiation pattern of the useful signal and out-of-band radiation signal in the destination channel of multichannel base station;
Fig. 3 is the spatial selectivity schematic diagram of multi-channel system ACLR;
Fig. 4 is multi-channel system EVM spatial selectivity schematic diagrames;
Fig. 5 is the flow diagram of a kind of multi-channel system test method that the embodiment of the present invention one provides;
Fig. 6 is a kind of flow diagram of multi-channel system test method provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a kind of multi-channel system testing signal process flow diagram provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the flow diagram of a kind of multi-channel system test method that the embodiment of the present invention three provides;
Fig. 9 is the E-UTRA multi-channel system testing signal process flow diagrams that the embodiment of the present invention three provides;
Figure 10 is the UTRA multi-channel system testing signal process flow diagrams that the embodiment of the present invention three provides;
Figure 11 is the flow diagram of a kind of multi-channel system test method that the embodiment of the present invention four provides;
Figure 12 is the E-UTRA multi-channel system testing signal process flow diagrams that the embodiment of the present invention four provides;
Figure 13 is the flow diagram of a kind of multi-channel system test method that the embodiment of the present invention five provides;
Figure 14 is the flow diagram of a kind of multi-channel system test method that the embodiment of the present invention six provides;
Figure 15 is the structure diagram of a kind of multi-channel system test device that the embodiment of the present invention seven provides;
Figure 16 is the structure diagram of a kind of multi-channel system test device that the embodiment of the present invention eight provides;
Figure 17 is the structure diagram of a kind of multi-channel system test device that the embodiment of the present invention nine provides;
Figure 18 is the structure diagram of a kind of multi-channel system test device that the embodiment of the present invention ten provides;
Figure 19 is the structure diagram of a kind of multi-channel system test device that the embodiment of the present invention 11 provides;
Figure 20 is the structure diagram of a kind of multi-channel system test device that the embodiment of the present invention 12 provides;
Figure 21 is the principle schematic of a kind of multi-channel system test device that the embodiment of the present invention 12 provides;
Figure 22 is the principle schematic of another multi-channel system test device that the embodiment of the present invention 12 provides.
Specific embodiment
Purpose, technical scheme and advantage to make the embodiment of the present invention are clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
Part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
All other embodiments obtained without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
For multi-channel system, formula(1)It gives under multichannel Base Transmitter single carrier simple beam scene, space ACLR
Simplification theoretical model, for the scene of the more velocities of wave of multicarrier, can be obtained with similar approach:
Wherein θ is the angle for point of observation and vertical direction, i.e. straight line between the installation position and base station of test equipment
With the angle of vertical direction Z axis;It is the horizontal azimuth between point of observation and horizontal plane, ACLR (θ, φ) is in multichannel system
The ACLR values of destination channel spatial points under scene of uniting.ACLRper_linkIt is the ACLR theoretical values under single channel scene, wnIt is n-th
The corresponding weighting coefficient of a channel;It is the corresponding steering vector of n-th of channel, N is hair
Penetrate number of active lanes, the other parameter in steering vector is pre-set constant value.It can be seen that the space of destination channel multichannel off field
ACLR values and inband signaling degree of correlation ρin-band, out-of-band radiation signal degree of correlation ρout-bandIt is related to transmission channel number N.
Inband signaling degree of correlation ρin-bandIt represents:The correlation degree of the inband signaling of arbitrary two passes output, it is following public
Formula(2)It is shown:
Wherein, Sn,kRepresent the inband signaling transmitted on k moment nth bar channels, Sm,kRepresent that the m articles channel of k moment uploads
Defeated inband signaling.If ρnm,in-band=1, represent that the inband signaling of channel n and channel m is perfectly correlated.For analysis for the sake of simplicity,
Formula (1) assumes that the inband signaling correlation of arbitrary two passes is consistent, that is, each inband signaling is configured and to believe in each band
Number degree of correlation is equal.
Out of band signal degree of correlation ρout-bandIt represents:The correlation degree of the out-of-band radiation signal of arbitrary two passes output.For
Analysis is configured in each band for the sake of simplicity, formula (1) assumes that the out-of-band radiation signal correlation of arbitrary two passes is consistent
Signal so that each out of band signal degree of correlation is equal.
Fig. 3 is the spatial selectivity schematic diagram of multi-channel system ACLR, as shown in Figure 3, it is assumed that transmission channel number is 10
Item, inband signaling degree of correlation ρin-band,signalIt is 1, ACLRper_linkDuring for 45dBc, when the neighboring trace leakage signal degree of correlation
ρout-band<When 1, multi-channel system, which shows main lobe ACLR, improvement (ACLR>45dBc), and on secondary lobe ACLR deteriorates, and presents
Go out spatial selectivity, this has very big difference with conventional one-channel base station.In order to which what the receiver for ensureing adjacent system was not subject to comes
The influence of spontaneous emission machine out-of-band radiation, third generation partner program(The3rd Generation Partnership
Project, referred to as:3GPP)TR37.840 described in multi-channel system, the ACLR of each transmission channel need to be reached
45dBc.If the ACLR of multi-channel system is measured using combining, due to the degree of correlation ρ with outward leakage signalout-bandIt is unknown, it leads
The ACLR that can not be measured from some direction is caused to know the ACLR of single transmission channelper_linkWhether requirement is reached.This gives
Index definition and calibration tape come difficult.
In addition, formula (1) show multi-channel system ACLR values also with inband signaling degree of correlation ρin-band,signalIt is related.If
Inband signaling degree of correlation ρin-band,signalIt is 0, then corresponding out-of-band radiation signal degree of correlation ρout-bandAlso it is 0, formula (1)
Can abbreviation be formula(3):
That is, if the inband signaling that each channel emission is configured causes the inband signaling degree of correlation for 0, the multi-channel system measured
ACLR can be equivalent to single pass ACLR, in space, all directions are shown as unanimously.
EVM is defined as the amplitude difference between reference signal and actual transmission signal, by taking single carrier simple beam as an example, formula
(4)Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) in available targets channel represents:
It is similar with the discussion of ACLR, for conventional one-channel base station, since noise is complete on each antenna oscillator in channel
It is complete the same, after being handled by numerical weighted, the antenna radiation pattern as useful signal in channel is formed, so as to which EVM be made to exist
Spatial points are shown as unanimously.And for multi-channel system, the characteristic of each of which transmission channel is not fully identical or complete
Correlation, the noise for leading to each transmission channel are that part is relevant, i.e. 0≤ρin-band,noise≤ 1, so as to the antenna of in-band noise
With useful signal not exclusively, EVM shows spatial selectivity to directional diagram, and Fig. 4 shows for multi-channel system EVM spatial selectivities
It is intended to, the EVM under multi-channel system single carrier simple beam scene as shown in Figure 4.
That is, if the inband signaling that each channel emission is configured causes the inband signaling degree of correlation for 0, the multi-channel system measured
EVM can be equivalent to single pass EVM, in space, all directions are shown as unanimously.
Same configuration can be applied to the measurement of transmission power.That is, if the inband signaling that each channel emission is configured causes
The inband signaling degree of correlation is 0, then the transmission power of the multi-channel system measured by combiner for each single channel transmission power it
With without presenting direction.
The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention based on above-mentioned discussion, provides the survey of destination channel multi-channel system parameter
Amount scheme, particular content are as follows:
Fig. 5 is the flow diagram of a kind of multi-channel system test method that the embodiment of the present invention one provides, and performs master
Body is the multichannel base station as transmitter, as shown in figure 5, including the following steps:
Step 100, at least initial data block signal carries out irrelevant processing all the way, the irrelevant test module in N roads is obtained
Subsignal.
Specifically, for multichannel base station, when being tested, initial data block signal all the way may be used and pass through coding
The irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads is obtained with irrelevant processing or multichannel initial data block signal can also be used to carry out
Test.Multichannel base station at least all the way initial data block signal carry out coding and irrelevant processing after, multichannel base station it is each
Inband signaling degree of correlation ρ between transmission channelin-band,signalIt is 0, the out-of-band radiation signal between corresponding each transmission channel
Degree of correlation ρout-bandAnd the in-band noise degree of correlation ρ between each transmission channelin-band,noiseAlso it is 0, then for mostly logical
The ACLR of road system can be equivalent to single transmission channel ACLR, and in space, all directions performance is consistent, such as formula(3)It is shown:
For the EVM of multi-channel system, with reference to Fig. 4, the EVM of single transmission channel is also equivalent to, in space all directions
Performance is consistent, such as formula(5)It is shown:
Therefore, for the measurement of ACLR, EVM of multi-channel system, it is only necessary to make inband signaling degree of correlation ρin-band,signal
It can just be measured for 0 and obtain the multi-channel system parameter for being equivalent to single channel system parameter.So that the inband signaling degree of correlation is 0,
Irrelevant processing can be carried out to initial data block signal, initial data block signal is obtained into the irrelevant test mould in N roads by processing
Block subsignal, the inband signaling degree of correlation ρ of irrelevant test module subsignal each at this time between any twoin-band,signalIt is 0.
Step 101, the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads is emitted one to one by N number of transmission channel.
Specifically, by irrelevant processing treated the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads, one to one by multichannel
N number of transmission channel of base station is transmitted to receiver.Receiver receives the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads, and measurement obtains
ACLR (θ, φ) or EVM (θ, φ) can accurately embody the RF index of multi-channel system, avoid logical by each transmitting
The influence in road.It should be noted that N is natural number.
Multi-channel system test method provided in this embodiment, the multichannel base station as transmitter pass through at least all the way
Initial data block signal carries out irrelevant processing, obtains the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads.After by irrelevant processing
The obtained irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads, the ACLR measured (θ, φ) or EVM (θ, φ) can be equivalent to single channel system
The test parameter of system so the RF index of multi-channel system can accurately be embodied, avoids being influenced by each transmission channel.
Therefore, multichannel base station exports the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads by N number of transmission channel to receiver one to one,
And the RF index of multichannel is measured according to the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads, measurement result avoids each hair
The influence of the degree of correlation of channel to the measurement result of multi-channel system is penetrated, is effectively improved the efficiency of measurement, is ensureing to measure
While accurate, the cost of measurement is reduced.Also, it does not need to carry out additionally artificial to the transmission channel of multi-channel system again
Setting for example, when a transmission channel is tested, artificially closes other transmission channels.
Further, on the basis of Fig. 5, Fig. 6 is a kind of multi-channel system test side provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention
The flow diagram of method obtains a kind of possible realization method such as Fig. 6 of the irrelevant test subsignal in N roads in above-mentioned steps 100
It is shown:
Step 100a, at least initial data block signal is independent pseudo-random sequence all the way for setting, obtains the irrelevant test in N roads
Module subsignal;And/or at least initial data block signal carries out scrambling processing using different scramble sequences all the way, obtain N
The irrelevant test module subsignal in road.
Specifically, to the scene of multi-channel system setting N roads initial data block signal, multi-channel system is according to being tested
Wireless access technology agreement(3GPP agreements TS25.141, TS36.141, TS37.141)Setting N roads original data block letter respectively
Number, so as to obtain the irrelevant test module in N roads(Test Model)Subsignal.Specifically, Fig. 7 is carried for the embodiment of the present invention two
A kind of multi-channel system testing signal process flow diagram supplied.During the test, using N roads initial data block signal
When, there are three types of optional modes to obtain the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads:As shown in fig. 7, N roads original data block is believed
Number independent pseudo-random sequence is set as, and scrambling processing is carried out using different scramble sequences to each initial data block signal,
Obtain the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads;Alternatively, N roads initial data block signal is set as independent pseudo-random sequence, obtain
The irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads;Alternatively, N roads initial data block signal is carried out using different scramble sequences at scrambling
Reason, obtains the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads.Using above-mentioned three kinds of modes, the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads two-by-two it
Between inband signaling degree of correlation ρin-band,signalCan be 0.Correspondingly, by the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads one to one
Emitted by N number of transmission channel.
On the basis of Fig. 5, Fig. 8 is that the flow of a kind of multi-channel system test method that the embodiment of the present invention three provides is shown
It is intended to, a kind of possible realization method that the irrelevant test subsignal in N roads is obtained in above-mentioned steps 100 is as shown in Figure 8:
Step 100b, at least initial data block signal uses precoding processing corresponding with diversity mode all the way,
Obtain the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads.
Correspondingly, step 101b, by the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads by N number of transmission channel with transmitting diversity mould
The transmission mode of formula is emitted.
Specifically, to the scene of multi-channel system setting initial data block signal all the way, to initial data block signal according to
Corresponding wireless access technology agreement (3GPP agreements TS25.141, TS36.141, TS37.141, TS25.211, TS36.213)
It is encoded and precoding processing, obtains irrelevant test module(Test Model)Signal.
Further, for E-UTRA systems, Fig. 9 is the E-UTRA multi-channel systems test that the embodiment of the present invention three provides
With reference to Fig. 9, by the method for 3GPP agreements TS36.213, initial data block signal progress layer is reflected for signal processing flow schematic diagram
It penetrates, obtains M layer data stream signals, M is natural number.For example, in the code word stage, a code word comprising 2 modulation symbols is believed
Number level 2 data flow is mapped to, wherein 1 modulation symbol is corresponded to per layer data stream, be E-UTRA standards for test carrier wave, by M
Layer data stream signal carries out precoding processing corresponding with diversity mode, obtains the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads.
For UTRA systems, Figure 10 is the UTRA multi-channel system testing signal process flows that the embodiment of the present invention three provides
Schematic diagram, with reference to Figure 10, by the method for 3GPP agreements TS25.211 and TS25.214, will all the way initial data block signal it is direct
Precoding processing corresponding with diversity mode is carried out, obtains the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads.
Furthermore, it is desirable to explanation, at least all the way initial data block signal using corresponding with diversity mode pre-
Coded treatment obtains the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads.Wherein, the precoding mode of diversity mode generally use has
Space-time/frequency block code (SFBC:Space-Frequency Block Codes), Space-Time Block Coding (STBC:Space-Time Block
Codes) etc..It can make the inband signaling degree of correlation ρ of N drive test swab signals by above-mentioned precoding modein-band,signalIt is 0,
So as to obtain the irrelevant test module subsignals of N.Further, by taking E-UTRA systems as an example, with reference to Fig. 9, original data block letter
Code word stage, scrambling, modulation mapping can be passed through number before transmission, obtain test module (Test Model) signal, test module
Signal maps to form M layer data stream signals by layer;Then, M layer datas stream signal carries out corresponding with diversity mode pre-
Coded treatment, the method for precoding processing is related to transmission mode of the signal in transmission channel, for example, believing M layer datas stream
Number use precoding processing corresponding with diversity mode, the obtained irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads, and one to one
Emitted in N number of transmission channel with the transmission mode of diversity mode.It, can with reference to Figure 10 for UTRA carrier systems
According to 3GPP agreement TS25.211, precoding processing corresponding with diversity mode will be used by initial data block signal all the way
Diversity mode is configured, obtains the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads.
On the basis of Fig. 5, Figure 11 is that the flow of a kind of multi-channel system test method that the embodiment of the present invention four provides is shown
It is intended to, includes the following steps with reference to Figure 11:
Step 100c, at least initial data block signal is independent pseudo-random sequence all the way for setting, and acquisition is at least waited to locate all the way
Manage data block signal;And/or it at least initial data block signal carries out scrambling processing using different scramble sequences all the way, obtains
At least pending data block signal all the way.
Step 102c, at least pending data block signal is used at precoding corresponding with space multiplexing mode all the way
Reason, obtains the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads.
Correspondingly, step 101c, by the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads by N number of transmission channel with spatial reuse mould
The transmission mode of formula is emitted.
Specifically, by taking E-UTRA systems as an example, Figure 12 is that the E-UTRA multi-channel systems that the embodiment of the present invention four provides are surveyed
With reference to Figure 12, Base-Band Processing is carried out in multichannel base station to initial data block signal all the way for trial signal process flow schematic diagram
In the process, in the code word stage, as shown in figure 12, independent pseudo-random sequence will be set as, and right by initial data block signal all the way
Each initial data block signal carries out scrambling processing using different scramble sequences, obtains at least pending data block signal all the way;
Alternatively, independent pseudo-random sequence will be set as initial data block signal all the way, at least pending data block signal all the way is obtained;Or
Initial data block signal all the way is carried out scrambling processing by person using different scramble sequences, obtains at least pending data all the way
Block signal.It with reference to Figure 12, then will be mapped by layer by the pending data block signal of code word processing, become using layer mapping
To M layer data streams signal using precoding processing corresponding with space multiplexing mode, it is irrelevant to obtain N roads for M layer data stream signals
Test module subsignal, by the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads by N number of transmission channel with the transmission mould of space multiplexing mode
Formula is emitted.For UTRA systems, can be carried according to 3GPP agreement TS25.214, configuration space multiplexer mode with Figure 12
The scheme of confession is similar, however, it is desirable to which explanation, under UTRA system types, does not need to carry out layer to initial data block signal
Mapping.
On the basis of Fig. 5, Figure 13 is the flow of a kind of multi-channel system test method that the embodiment of the present invention five provides
Schematic diagram, a kind of possible realization method that the irrelevant test subsignal in N roads is obtained in above-mentioned steps 100 are as shown in figure 13:
Step 100d, at least initial data block signal uses precoding processing corresponding with emission mode one by one all the way,
Obtain the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads.
Correspondingly, step 101d, by the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads one to one by N number of transmission channel one by one
Emit to receiver.
Specifically, at least all the way initial data block signal according to corresponding wireless access technology agreement (3GPP agreements
TS25.141, TS36.141, TS37.141) it is encoded, pending data block signal is obtained, at least pending data all the way
Block uses precoding processing corresponding with emission mode one by one, obtains the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads.Specifically, pass through
Precoding processing makes each transmission channel of multi-channel system emit in turn, if for example, multi-channel system has 4 transmittings to lead to
Road, by least the T1 moment is configured using precoding processing corresponding with emission mode one by one in initial data block signal all the way
Precoding is (1000)T, i.e. the moment transmission channel 1 emits test module subsignal all the way, other three channels do not emit;T2
The precoding at moment is (0100)T, i.e. the moment transmission channel 2 emits test module subsignal all the way, other three channels are not
Transmitting;So cycle.The mutual degree of correlation of N drive test swab signals of transmission channel transmitting each in this way is zero, that is, it is non-to launch N roads
Dependence test module subsignal.
Figure 14 is the flow diagram of a kind of multi-channel system test method that the embodiment of the present invention six provides, and performs master
Body is the test equipment as receiver, as shown in fig. 7, comprises following steps:
Step 200, receiver/transmitter passes through the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads that N number of transmission channel is sent.
Step 201, by measuring the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads, the RF index of multi-channel system is obtained.
It should be noted that N is natural number.
Multi-channel system test method provided in this embodiment passes through N by the equipment receiver/transmitter for being used as receiver
The irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads that a transmission channel is sent, the equipment are believed by measuring irrelevant test module in N roads
Number, the RF index of multi-channel system is obtained, the measurement of the RF index for multi-channel system is realized, efficiently avoids
Influence of the degree of correlation for measurement result between each transmission channel more accurately embodies the actual conditions of multi-channel system,
Efficiency is improved, and reduces cost.
Further, step 201 includes the possible realization method of the following two kinds:
Mode one:The irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads is merged by combiner, measuring instrument is to the signal after merging
It is tested, obtains the RF index of multi-channel system;Alternatively,
Mode two:It is measured by the radiation field intensity of reception antenna in space, the radio frequency for obtaining multi-channel system refers to
Mark.
It should be noted that for using multichannel base station as executive agent, and use through precoding to N number of transmission channel
Shooting sequence be configured so that N number of transmission channel emits the corresponding subsignal of test module all the way to receiver one by one
Scene after corresponding test equipment receives the irrelevant test subsignal in N roads, may be used two ways and obtain measurement result:
Measurement method one:The irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads that N number of transmission channel is sent one by one is recorded respectively, passes through this
A little irrelevant test module subsignals obtain the RF index of each transmission channel, so as to which the radio frequency for obtaining multi-channel system refers to
Mark.Measurement method two:The irrelevant test module subsignal that the N number of transmission channel received is sent one by one is passed through into certain meter
Algorithm obtains the RF index of the multi-channel system.
It should be noted that above-mentioned each method embodiment is also applied for multicarrier (Multi-carrier), carrier aggregation
(Carrier Aggregation) and different systems are (including long evolution Long Term Evolution, land wireless access
Universal Telecommunication Radio Access, multi-standard Multi-Standard Radio etc.) it is mostly logical
Road base station.
Figure 15 is the structure diagram of a kind of multi-channel system test device that the embodiment of the present invention seven provides, such as Figure 15 institutes
Show, include as transmitter multi-channel system test device:Irrelevant processing module 10, transmitting module 11;
Irrelevant processing module 10, for at least initial data block signal carries out irrelevant processing all the way, it is non-to obtain N roads
Dependence test module subsignal;
Transmitting module 11, for the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads to be emitted one to one by N number of transmission channel;N
For natural number.
Multi-channel system test method provided in this embodiment, the multichannel base station as transmitter pass through irrelevant processing
Module obtains the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads at least initial data block signal carries out irrelevant processing all the way.Due to logical
Cross the irrelevant test module subsignal in the N roads obtained after irrelevant processing, the ACLR measured (θ, φ) or EVM (θ, φ) energy
The test parameter of single channel system is equivalent to, so the RF index of multi-channel system can accurately be embodied, is avoided by each
The influence of transmission channel.Therefore, the transmitting module of multichannel base station passes through the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads one to one
N number of transmission channel is exported to receiver, and the RF index of multichannel is surveyed according to the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads
Amount, measurement result avoid the influence of the degree of correlation of each transmission channel to the measurement result of multi-channel system, effectively improve
The efficiency measured while ensureing to measure accurate, reduces the cost of measurement.Also, it does not need to again to multi-channel system
Transmission channel carry out additional artificial setting, for example, when a transmission channel is tested, artificially close other transmission channels.
It further, specifically can be there are four types of different realization methods, below by specific for irrelevant processing module 10
Embodiment irrelevant processing module 10 is described in detail.
Figure 16 is the structure diagram of a kind of multi-channel system test device that the embodiment of the present invention eight provides, such as Figure 16 institutes
Show, irrelevant processing module 10 specifically includes:Sequence setting unit 100, scrambling processing unit 101;
Sequence setting unit 100, for setting, at least initial data block signal is independent pseudo-random sequence all the way, obtains N
The irrelevant test module subsignal in road;And/or
Processing unit 101 is scrambled, for at least initial data block signal is added using different scramble sequences all the way
Processing is disturbed, obtains the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads.
Correspondingly, transmitting module 11 sends out the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads by N number of transmission channel one to one
It penetrates, and N is natural number.
Figure 17 is the structure diagram of a kind of multi-channel system test device that the embodiment of the present invention nine provides, such as Figure 17 institutes
Show, irrelevant processing module 10, including:Precoding processing unit 102;
Precoding processing unit 102, for at least all the way initial data block signal using corresponding with diversity mode
Precoding processing, obtain the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads;
Correspondingly, transmitting module 11, specifically for by the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads by N number of transmission channel with
The transmission mode of diversity mode is emitted.
Figure 18 is the structure diagram of a kind of multi-channel system test device that the embodiment of the present invention ten provides, such as Figure 18 institutes
Show, irrelevant processing module 10, including:Sequence setting unit 100, scrambling processing unit 101, precoding processing unit 102;
Sequence setting unit 100, for setting, at least initial data block signal is independent pseudo-random sequence all the way, is obtained extremely
Few pending data block signal all the way;And/or
Processing unit 101 is scrambled, for at least initial data block signal is added using different scramble sequences all the way
It disturbs processing, obtains at least pending data block signal all the way;
Precoding processing unit 102, for at least pending data block signal uses and space multiplexing mode pair all the way
The precoding processing answered obtains the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads;
Correspondingly, transmitting module 11, specifically for by the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads by N number of transmission channel with
The transmission mode of space multiplexing mode is emitted.
With reference to Figure 17, precoding processing unit 102, can be also used for at least all the way initial data block signal use with by
The corresponding precoding processing of one emission mode obtains the irrelevant test subsignal in N roads;
Correspondingly, transmitting module 11, specifically for the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads is passed through N number of institute one to one
Transmission channel is stated one by one to the receiver to emit.
The structure diagram of a kind of multi-channel system test device that Figure 19 is provided for the embodiment of the present invention 11, such as Figure 19
It is shown, as receiver multi-channel system test device, including:Receiving module 20, acquisition module 21;
Receiving module 20 is believed for receiver/transmitter by irrelevant test module in N roads that N number of transmission channel is sent
Number.
Acquisition module 21 measures the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads for passing through, and the radio frequency for obtaining multi-channel system refers to
Mark.N is natural number.
Multi-channel system test method provided in this embodiment, by being used as the multi-channel system test device of receiver,
By receiving module receiver/transmitter by the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads that N number of transmission channel is sent, acquisition module leads to
The irrelevant test module subsignal in measurement N roads is crossed, the RF index of multi-channel system is obtained, realizes for multi-channel system
The measurement of RF index efficiently avoids influence of the degree of correlation between each transmission channel for measurement result, more accurately
The actual conditions of multi-channel system are embodied, improve efficiency, and reduce cost.
The structure diagram of a kind of multi-channel system test device that Figure 20 is provided for the embodiment of the present invention 12, such as Figure 20
It is shown, acquisition module 21, including:It is combined test cell 210, radiation test unit 211;
Test cell 210 is combined, is merged the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads for passing through combiner, measuring instrument
Signal after merging is tested, obtains the RF index of multi-channel system;Alternatively,
Radiation test unit 211 measures for passing through the radiation field intensity of reception antenna in space, obtains multichannel
The RF index of system.
Specifically, Figure 21 is a kind of principle signal for multi-channel system test device that the embodiment of the present invention 12 provides
Figure, wherein above-mentioned receiving module includes N number of transceiver channel 1, which receives the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads
Afterwards, combining test cell is sent to, as shown in figure 21, combining test cell includes combiner 2 and test equipment 3, passes through conjunction
Road device 2 merges the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads, and measuring instrument 1 tests the signal after merging, obtains multichannel
The RF index of system.
Alternatively, Figure 22 is the principle signal for another multi-channel system test device that the embodiment of the present invention 12 provides
Figure, wherein above-mentioned receiving module includes N number of transceiver channel 1, which receives the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads
Afterwards, radiation test unit is sent to, as shown in figure 21, radiation test unit includes reception antenna 2 and test equipment 3, passes through
Test equipment 3 measures the radiation field intensity of reception antenna 2 in space, obtains the RF index of multi-channel system.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that:Realizing all or part of step of above-mentioned each method embodiment can lead to
The relevant hardware of program instruction is crossed to complete.Aforementioned program can be stored in a computer read/write memory medium.The journey
Sequence when being executed, performs the step of including above-mentioned each method embodiment;And aforementioned storage medium includes:ROM, RAM, magnetic disc or
The various media that can store program code such as person's CD.
Finally it should be noted that:The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations;To the greatest extent
Pipe is described in detail the present invention with reference to foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that:Its according to
Can so modify to the technical solution recorded in foregoing embodiments either to which part or all technical features into
Row equivalent replacement;And these modifications or replacement, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
The range of scheme.
Claims (14)
1. a kind of multi-channel system test method, which is characterized in that including:
To at least initial data block signal carries out irrelevant processing all the way, the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads, N roads institute are obtained
It is 0 to state the inband signaling degree of correlation of irrelevant test module subsignal between any two;
Test module subsignal irrelevant described in N roads is emitted one to one by N number of transmission channel;The N is natural number.
It is 2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described at least initial data block signal carries out non-phase all the way
Pass is handled, and obtains the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads, including:
At least the initial data block signal is independent pseudo-random sequence all the way for setting, obtains the irrelevant test module letter in N roads
Number;And/or
To at least the initial data block signal carries out scrambling processing using different scramble sequences all the way, it is irrelevant to obtain N roads
Test module subsignal.
It is 3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described at least initial data block signal carries out non-phase all the way
Pass is handled, and obtains the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads, including:
To at least the initial data block signal uses precoding processing corresponding with diversity mode all the way, N roads institute is obtained
State irrelevant test module subsignal;
Correspondingly, test module subsignal irrelevant described in N roads is included one to one by the transmitting of N number of transmission channel:
By test module subsignal irrelevant described in N roads by N number of transmission channel with the transmission mode of diversity mode
Emitted.
It is 4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described at least initial data block signal carries out non-phase all the way
Pass is handled, and obtains the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads, including:
At least the initial data block signal is independent pseudo-random sequence all the way for setting, and at least pending data block is believed all the way for acquisition
Number;And/or it at least the initial data block signal carries out scrambling processing using different scramble sequences all the way, obtains at least
Pending data block signal all the way;
To at least the pending data block signal uses precoding processing corresponding with space multiplexing mode all the way, N roads are obtained
The irrelevant test module subsignal;
Correspondingly, test module subsignal irrelevant described in N roads is included one to one by the transmitting of N number of transmission channel:By N roads
The irrelevant test module subsignal is emitted by N number of transmission channel with the transmission mode of space multiplexing mode.
It is 5. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described at least initial data block signal carries out non-phase all the way
Pass is handled, and obtains the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads, including:
To at least the initial data block signal uses precoding processing corresponding with emission mode one by one all the way, N roads institute is obtained
State irrelevant test subsignal;
Correspondingly, test module subsignal irrelevant described in N roads is included one to one by the transmitting of N number of transmission channel:By N roads
The irrelevant test module subsignal is emitted one to one to receiver one by one by N number of transmission channel.
6. a kind of multi-channel system test method, which is characterized in that including:
Receiver/transmitter is by the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads that N number of transmission channel is sent, irrelevant test described in N roads
The inband signaling degree of correlation of module subsignal between any two is 0;
By measuring the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads, the RF index of multi-channel system is obtained;The N is natural number.
7. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described by measuring the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads,
The RF index of multi-channel system is obtained, including:
Test module subsignal irrelevant described in N roads is merged by combiner, measuring instrument surveys the signal after merging
Examination obtains the RF index of multi-channel system;Alternatively,
It is measured by the radiation field intensity of reception antenna in space, obtains the RF index of multi-channel system.
8. a kind of multi-channel system test device, which is characterized in that including:Irrelevant processing module, transmitting module;
The irrelevant processing module, for at least initial data block signal carries out irrelevant processing all the way, obtaining the non-phase in N roads
Test module subsignal is closed, the inband signaling degree of correlation of irrelevant test module subsignal between any two is 0 described in N roads;
The transmitting module, for test module subsignal irrelevant described in N roads to be sent out one to one by N number of transmission channel
It penetrates;The N is natural number.
9. device according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the irrelevant processing module, including:Sequence setting is single
Member, scrambling processing unit;
The sequence setting unit, for setting, at least the initial data block signal is independent pseudo-random sequence all the way, obtains N
The irrelevant test module subsignal in road;And/or
The scrambling processing unit, for at least the initial data block signal is added using different scramble sequences all the way
Processing is disturbed, obtains the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads.
10. device according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the irrelevant processing module, including:Precoding processing
Unit;
The precoding processing unit, for at least all the way the initial data block signal using corresponding with diversity mode
Precoding processing, obtain irrelevant test module subsignal described in N roads;
Correspondingly, the transmitting module is total to specifically for test module subsignal irrelevant described in N roads is carried on physical down
Channel is enjoyed, is emitted by N number of transmission channel with the transmission mode of diversity mode.
11. device according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the irrelevant processing module, including:Sequence setting is single
Member, scrambling processing unit, precoding processing unit;
The sequence setting unit, for setting, at least the initial data block signal is independent pseudo-random sequence all the way, is obtained
At least pending data block signal all the way;And/or
The scrambling processing unit, for at least the initial data block signal is added using different scramble sequences all the way
It disturbs processing, obtains at least pending data block signal all the way;
The precoding processing unit, for at least the pending data block signal uses and space multiplexing mode pair all the way
The precoding processing answered obtains irrelevant test module subsignal described in N roads;
Correspondingly, the transmitting module is total to specifically for test module subsignal irrelevant described in N roads is carried on physical down
Channel is enjoyed, is emitted by N number of transmission channel with the transmission mode of space multiplexing mode.
12. device according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the irrelevant processing module, including:Precoding processing
Unit;
The precoding processing unit, for at least all the way the initial data block signal using corresponding with emission mode one by one
Precoding processing, obtain irrelevant test subsignal described in N roads;
Correspondingly, the transmitting module, specifically for by test module subsignal irrelevant described in N roads one to one by N number of
The transmission channel emits one by one to receiver.
13. a kind of multi-channel system test device, which is characterized in that including:Receiving module, acquisition module;
The receiving module passes through the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads that N number of transmission channel is sent, N for receiver/transmitter
The inband signaling degree of correlation of irrelevant test module subsignal between any two is 0 described in road;
The acquisition module measures the irrelevant test module subsignal in N roads for passing through, and the radio frequency for obtaining multi-channel system refers to
Mark;The N is natural number.
14. device according to claim 13, which is characterized in that the acquisition module, including:It is combined test cell, spoke
Penetrate test cell;
The combining test cell merges test module subsignal irrelevant described in N roads for passing through combiner, measuring instrument
Signal after merging is tested, obtains the RF index of multi-channel system;Alternatively,
The radiation test unit measures for passing through the radiation field intensity of reception antenna in space, obtains multichannel system
The RF index of system.
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